CN101507413A - Corn hybrid breeding method - Google Patents
Corn hybrid breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101507413A CN101507413A CNA2009100809829A CN200910080982A CN101507413A CN 101507413 A CN101507413 A CN 101507413A CN A2009100809829 A CNA2009100809829 A CN A2009100809829A CN 200910080982 A CN200910080982 A CN 200910080982A CN 101507413 A CN101507413 A CN 101507413A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of heterosis utilization, and in particular relates to a method for breeding a corn hybrid. The method utilizes an inbred line 701 as a female parent and an inbred line 7251 as a male parent for hybridization to prepare the corn hybrid Jingrui 121, wherein the inbred line 701 is bred through continuous selfing of seven generations of an exotic tropical germplasm basal material by a pedigree method; and the inbred line 7251 is bred through continuous selfing of seven generations of a good lodging and disease resistant single plant, wherein the single plant is selected in the second circle from a hybrid hybridized by taking 0151 as a female parent and Chang 7-2 as a male parent. The hybrid has the characteristics of high and stable yield, strong disease resistance and high biological yield; and the method can improve production level of low corn density areas of our country, lays a foundation for the increase of agricultural production and the increase of peasant income, and makes enterprises obtain good economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the heterosis utilization field, specifically the present invention is a kind of selection of corn hybrid seed.
Background technology
Corn is a heterosis utilization crop the earliest in the world, and since the thirties, countries in the world are all utilizing the hybrid vigour seed selection and promoting the superior corn new hybrid, as an important technology approach that improves corn yield, improvement corn quality from eighties of last century.The U.S. popularized corn hybrid seed in 1956, and the sowing area of China's corn hybrid seed in 1987 accounts for 80% of corn seeding area.Selecting and breeding corn crossbreed major technique link comprises according to breeding objective and carries out inbred line breeding, parental apolegamy, the evaluation selection of the new combination of hybridization, the regional test evaluation of different ecological environment etc.Corn breeding and produce advanced country such as the U.S., France, Germany is in the world produced and the continuous demand in market in order to satisfy, in time seed selection and release generation by generation new varieties and change original kind.
Since the eighties, China introduces large quantities of crossbreed from American-European corn main product state and is used for test, research.To at present, the research of the corn breeding of China mainly is based on the seed selection single cross hybrid.In four kind renewal processes of having carried out, the 4th generation crossbreed promoted ten aborning surplus year, the purity of parental inbred line descends, the resistance decline, therefore the output of crossbreed, regularity have been much worse than at the beginning of the popularization, and selecting coordinate force height, economical character is good, genotype is isozygotied inbred line preparing hybrid kind for use is to improve the key of corn yield.Peasant user expects the new varieties of high yield, high-quality, better resistance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the hybrid vigour theory, select high-combining ability, economical character is good, genotype is isozygotied, parents' affiliation is far away hybridization between selfed lines for use, select high yield, disease-resistant corn hybrid seed.
The invention provides a kind of method of hybrid maize seed production, comprise the seed selection inbred line, safety is isolated, and regulates date of seeding, suitable row ratio, roguing, the maternal castration rooted out male parent, results utilize inbred line 701 for maternal in good time, and inbred line 7251 is a paternal hybrid, the preparation corn hybrid seed.
Wherein said inbred line 701 is to be basic material with external tropical corn germplasm, adopts pedigree method, through continuous 7 generation disease-resistant, the anti-good inbred line of falling that forms of selfed breeding.
The present invention utilizes inbred line 701 for maternal, and inbred line 7251 is the corn hybrid seed of paternal hybrid preparation.The feature in capital auspicious 121: 115 days breeding times of this kind, about 280 centimetres of plant heights, about 110 centimetres of fringe positions, the long cartridge type of fruit ear, head progeny row 16-18 is capable, seed horse flute profile, thousand kernel weight 380 grams, the big fringe of thin planting, big grain, anti-ly fall, the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, little leaf spot, bacterial wilt, quality is medium, the area plantation of suitable low-density.
The feature of parental inbred line 701: maternal 701 inbred line seedling leaves purples, the leaf sheath purple, the plant type hemicompact is gathered, 190 centimetres of plant heights, the fringe position is high 95 centimetres, 19 in complete stool blade.Tassel branch 9-11 bar, the flower pesticide purple, clever shell purple, the filigree redness, fringe type tube shape, thick 4.8 centimetres of fringe, 18 centimetres of spike lengths, tassel row number 16-18 is capable, several 35 of row grain, the seed yellow, cob white, single fringe weighs 125 grams, 100-grain weight 28 grams, seed-producing rate 85%.Fertility day was sowed in spring 130 days, summer sowing 100 days, the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, little leaf spot, rust-proofing disease, graywall, resistant to lodging.
The feature of parental inbred line 7251: 180 centimetres of plant heights, the fringe position is high 90 centimetres, plant type compactness, 19 of blade amts, tassel filigree purple, clever shell green, flower pesticide yellow, fringe shape cartridge type, thick 4.5 centimetres of fringe, 20 centimetres of spike lengths, tassel row number 14-16 is capable, several 40 of row grain, the seed light red, the horse flute profile, the cob pink, single fringe weighs 130 grams, 100-grain weight 32 grams, seed-producing rate 85%, fertility day was sowed in spring 130 days, summer sowing 105 days, the middle Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College, little leaf spot, resistant to lodging.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are
1. the output height was compared 108 volume increase 17.9% according to agricultural university in the test of Sichuan new crop varieties regional test participation multiple spot in 2006.Increased production 2.20% than adjacent contrast Zheng Dan 958 in 2008 in eastern North China regional test B group, group is all produced comparison according to increasing production 0.00%, and yield level is suitable with contrast Zheng Dan 958.
2. the kind grain quality is medium.
3. resistance, disease-resistanting leaf spot, stem rot, head smut, smut; Resistant to lodging, the drought resisting resistance to overhead flooding injury is strong;
4. the area plantation of suitable low-density.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hybrid seeding family tree of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: crossbreed of the present invention capital auspicious 121 concrete seed selection processes
The present invention is with inbred line 701 and 7251 assembling cross-fertilize seeds.Wherein said inbred line 701 is to be basic material with external tropical corn germplasm, adopts pedigree method, through continuous 7 generation disease-resistant, the anti-good inbred line of falling that forms of selfed breeding.
(1) yield level relatively
2005-2006 participates in the multiple spot test in Sichuan Province's new crop varieties regional test, 673.6 kilograms of average yield per mus, and comparison is according to agricultural university's 108 volume increase 17.9%.Increased production 2.20% than adjacent contrast Zheng Dan 958 in 2008 in eastern North China regional test B group, group is all produced comparison according to increasing production 0.00%, yield level and contrast Zheng Dan 958 suitable (as figure below).
The auspicious 121 output performance in capital
| The test kind | Folding per mu yield (kg) | Than CK (%) | Proofread and correct output (kg) | Proofread and correct the back increase and decrease and produce (kg) | Group is all produced (kg) | Produce (kg) than the class mean increase and decrease |
| Capital auspicious 121 | 649.2 | 2.20 | 663.0 | 3.10 | 649.5 | 0.00 |
(2) disease and insect resistance performance:
Test disease and insect resistance summarized results in 2008: lodging 5.8%, roll over 15.6%, greyness 2.0%, snout moth's larva 5.9%, big spot 1.4%, stigma 1.6%, anosis strain.See following table for details:
Capital test in auspicious 121 08 years damage by disease and insect gathers
| Blue or green withered (%) | Knurl is deceived powder (strain) | Silk dust-brand (strain) | Virus (%) | Snout moth's larva (%) | Big spot (%) | Stigma (%) | Rust (%) | Curvularia lunata (%) | Greyness (%) | Foxiness (%) | Line withered (%) |
| 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Embodiment 2: the seeding technique in crossbreed of the present invention capital auspicious 121
1. safety is isolated:
Distance isolation: require not plant more than 300 meters other corn around the production of hybrid seeds district.
Time isolates: the sowing time production of hybrid seeds district in will with other corn mistake phase more than 35 days.
2. adjusting date of seeding: 701 do maternally, and 7251 make male parent, broadcast the first phase during male parent earlier male parent seed soaking in three days in advance, sow simultaneously with female parent, broadcast second phase male parent again after first phase male parent is emerged.
3. suitable row ratio: father, maternal going than adopting 1:5,1 row male parent is planted at the maternal interval of promptly per 5 row, and female parent is 3500 strain/mus, male parent 3000 strain/mus.
4. strict roguing:
Be to guarantee purity of hybrid, should be in seedling stage, shooting stage, take out and will not meet the assorted strain of parent's characteristic feature characteristic, different strain, lopsided strain, diseased plant and weak strain male early stage and all pull out.
5. maternal the castration rooted out male parent.
The maternal castration is the key link of production of hybrid seeds work, is the necessary means that obtains pure hybrid seed, must employing take off luxuriant emasculating method in advance, accomplishes thorough, clean.After the female parent pollination in production of hybrid seeds district finishes, male parent is all rooted out, help ventilation and penetrating light, improve output, prevent to mix, ensure the quality of products.
6. gather in the crops the airing keeping in good time.
In time gather in the crops after the production of hybrid seeds district corn maturation, avoid meeting rain fruit ear germination or mildew and rot, after threshing was dried, the registration warehouse-in was taken care of.
7. diseases prevention worm.
Plant clothing agent (farming (Hai Li) Zhuozhou, north kind clothing agent Co., Ltd) with 16% good fortune gram azoles alcohol (black Mi Jing) and carry out Cotton seeds, the typhon mouth phase can add 0.7% urea (east, Chengdu aurification reagent Co., Ltd) control of maize snout moth's larva and male parent row aphid with 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Embodiment 3: the seeding technique in crossbreed of the present invention capital auspicious 121
1. safety is isolated:
Distance isolation: require not plant more than 300 meters other corn around the production of hybrid seeds district.
Time isolates: the sowing time production of hybrid seeds district in will with other corn mistake phase more than 35 days.
2. adjusting date of seeding: 701 make female parent, and 7251 make male parent, broadcast first phase male parent earlier, when the first phase, male parent went out root, broadcast female parent, after first phase male parent is emerged, broadcast second phase male parent again.
3. suitable row ratio: father, maternal going than adopting 1:5,1 row male parent is planted at the maternal interval of promptly per 5 row, and female parent is 3500 strain/mus, male parent 3000 strain/mus.
4. strict roguing:
Be to guarantee purity of hybrid, should be in seedling stage, shooting stage, take out and will not meet the assorted strain of parent's characteristic feature characteristic, different strain, lopsided strain, diseased plant and weak strain male early stage and all pull out.
5. maternal the castration rooted out male parent.
The maternal castration is the key link of production of hybrid seeds work, is the necessary means that obtains pure hybrid seed, must employing take off luxuriant emasculating method in advance, accomplishes thorough, clean.After the female parent pollination in production of hybrid seeds district finishes, male parent is all rooted out, help ventilation and penetrating light, improve output, prevent to mix, ensure the quality of products.
6. gather in the crops the airing keeping in good time.
In time gather in the crops after the production of hybrid seeds district corn maturation, avoid meeting rain fruit ear germination or mildew and rot, after threshing was dried, the registration warehouse-in was taken care of.
7. diseases prevention worm.
Use 16% good fortune. gram. azoles alcohol (black Mi Jing) is planted clothing agent (farming (Hai Li) Zhuozhou, north kind clothing agent Co., Ltd) and is carried out Cotton seeds, and the typhon mouth phase can add 0.7% urea (east, Chengdu aurification reagent Co., Ltd) control of maize snout moth's larva and male parent row aphid with 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Embodiment 4: the culture technique in crossbreed of the present invention capital auspicious 121
Suit in southwest and the plantation of northeast density regions.
1. date of seeding and seed treatment
Choosing ground and date of seeding: the level land of suitable medium fertility, low-lying land plantation; The 5 centimetres of ground temperature in the face of land are stable by 8.C is suitable seedtime.
Seed treatment: handle with kind of clothing agent a carrying out seed pelleting, improves pest-resistant, resistance against diseases, guarantee once to sow and reach that seedling is neat, seedling is complete, seedling is strong.
2. planting density and form
Suitable clear the kind, planting density 3300 strain/mus, best results strain number is 3300 strain/mus.
3. fertilising
Large spike crossbreed during capital auspicious 121 belongs to, anti-rich water; Fertilizer should be used sufficient or bio-fertilizer is made base fertilizer; Pure N consumption is 18.0 kilograms/mu between breeding time, 10.0 kilograms/mu of P205 consumptions, 10.0 kilograms/mu of K20 consumptions.Application process: 1/3 nitrogenous fertilizer and whole phosphorus, base fertilizer made by potash fertilizer or seed manure applies, and 2/3 nitrogenous fertilizer topdresses, and applies in the typhon mouth phase.
4. insect protected
The corn lobus cardiacus will carry out the control of maize borer latter stage.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of selection of corn hybrid seed comprises the seed selection inbred line, and safety is isolated, and regulates date of seeding, suitable row ratio, roguing, the maternal castration rooted out male parent, gather in the crops in good time, it is characterized in that: utilize inbred line 701 for maternal, inbred line 7251 is a paternal hybrid, the preparation corn hybrid seed.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described inbred line 701 is to be basic material with external tropical corn germplasm, forms in seed selection in 2003 through 7 generations of selfing continuously.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described inbred line 7251 is basic materials of forming with prosperous 7-2 inbred line with 0151, finishes in seed selection in 2003 through 7 generations of selfing continuously.
4, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described safety isolation, adopt distance isolation or time to isolate, adopt distance isolation to require not plant other corn more than 300 meters around the production of hybrid seeds district, adopt in the time insulation request production of hybrid seeds district sowing time will with other corn mistake phase more than 35 days.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described adjusting date of seeding, 701 do maternal, 7251 make male parent, broadcast the first phase during male parent earlier male parent seed soaking in three days in advance, sow simultaneously with female parent, first phase male parent back two leaves of emerging are broadcast second phase male parent wholeheartedly the time again; Or broadcast first phase male parent earlier, and when the first phase, male parent went out root, broadcast female parent, after first phase male parent is emerged, broadcast second phase male parent again.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described suitable row than being father, maternal going than adopting 1:5.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described roguing adopts in seedling stage, shooting stage, takes out male early stage and all do not pull out meeting the assorted strain of parent's characteristic feature characteristic, different strain, lopsided strain, diseased plant and weak strain.
8, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described maternal the castration, adopts and touches luxuriant emasculating method in advance, thoroughly extracts maternal tassel.
9, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the described male parent of rooting out is: after the female parent pollination in production of hybrid seeds district finishes, male parent is all rooted out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100809829A CN101507413A (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2009-04-01 | Corn hybrid breeding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2009100809829A CN101507413A (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2009-04-01 | Corn hybrid breeding method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102318496A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-18 | 余经炎 | Corn cross-pollination yield-increasing planting method |
| CN103621398A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | Method for improving temperate corn selfing line root system by using tropical germplasm |
| CN106332775A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-01-18 | 山东登海华玉种业有限公司 | Seed production method of laiyu 179 maize hybrid |
| CN110235777A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of field planting method efficiently assembling the combination of corn diallel cross |
| CN113197088A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-03 | 南阳市农业科学院 | Corn hybridization method |
-
2009
- 2009-04-01 CN CNA2009100809829A patent/CN101507413A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102318496A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-01-18 | 余经炎 | Corn cross-pollination yield-increasing planting method |
| CN103621398A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | Method for improving temperate corn selfing line root system by using tropical germplasm |
| CN103621398B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-05-20 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | Method for improving temperate corn selfing line root system by using tropical germplasm |
| CN106332775A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-01-18 | 山东登海华玉种业有限公司 | Seed production method of laiyu 179 maize hybrid |
| CN106332775B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-12-07 | 山东登海华玉种业有限公司 | A kind of producing method for seed of next beautiful 179 corn hybrid seed |
| CN110235777A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of field planting method efficiently assembling the combination of corn diallel cross |
| CN113197088A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-03 | 南阳市农业科学院 | Corn hybridization method |
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Application publication date: 20090819 |