CN101507391A - Rock slope-surface ecology treatment method - Google Patents
Rock slope-surface ecology treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101507391A CN101507391A CNA2009100052912A CN200910005291A CN101507391A CN 101507391 A CN101507391 A CN 101507391A CN A2009100052912 A CNA2009100052912 A CN A2009100052912A CN 200910005291 A CN200910005291 A CN 200910005291A CN 101507391 A CN101507391 A CN 101507391A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for the ecological control of a rock slope, which comprises the steps of determining the positions of anchor rod holes on the slope and drilling the anchor rod holes, arranging anchor rods in the anchor rod holes, and fixing ecological vegetation with the anchor rods, wherein the ecological vegetation is cultured by using the sludge of sewage treatment plants as culture soil. According to the method, the anchor rods are arranged on the slope to fix the ecological vegetation and the strong roots of the ecological vegetation can consolidate soil and prevent landslip, so the slope edges covered by the vegetation is more stable, the problems of difficult greening and water and soil erosion of the rock slope are solved and the landscape formed is more consistent with the surrounding environment and harmonious with the nature. Meanwhile, the treated sludge is harmless and odorless, high in organic matter content and rich in nutrients and is suitable to be spread by spraying, more suitable to be made into nutritive blocks and more suitable for the ecological greening of the rock slope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the environmental protection field, in particular to a kind of rock slope-surface ecology treatment method.
Background technology
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that the domatic greening of rock is difficult, causes the domatic water and soil loss of rock.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of rock slope-surface ecology treatment method, can solve difficulty of the domatic greening of rock, causes the problem of the domatic water and soil loss of rock.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of rock slope-surface ecology treatment method, may further comprise the steps: determined the bolthole position on domatic and hole; Skyhook on the bolthole position; Utilize anchor pole set ecological vegetation, wherein, described ecological vegetation uses sludge of sewage treatment plants as cultivating soil.
The foregoing description by on rock is domatic skyhook with the ecological vegetation set, and then the characteristics of utilizing the ecological vegetation well developed root system increase the compacted soil skid resistance, the slope stability that plant is covered is stronger, it is difficult to have solved the domatic greening of rock, cause the problem of the domatic water and soil loss of rock, make that the view of formation is easier to combine together with surrounding environment, naturally coordinate, simultaneously, the harmless odorless of mud after treatment, content of organic matter height, nutritious, not only suitable sowing grass seeds by duster preferablyly made the nutrition building block, is more suitable for the rock slope ecological afforestation.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows rock slope-surface ecology treatment method flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows vegetation bag low bank between fields or in shallow water section master drawing according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the vegetation bag low bank between fields or in shallow water elevation according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows according to what the low bank between fields or in shallow water of Fig. 3 was planted arbor, shrub and digs the cave schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 shows rock slope-surface ecology treatment method flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention, may further comprise the steps:
S102 determines the bolthole position on domatic and holes;
S104, skyhook on the bolthole position;
S106 utilizes anchor pole set ecological vegetation, and wherein, described ecological vegetation uses sludge of sewage treatment plants as cultivating soil.
The foregoing description by on rock is domatic skyhook with the ecological vegetation set, and then the characteristics of utilizing the ecological vegetation well developed root system increase the compacted soil skid resistance, the slope stability that plant is covered is stronger, it is difficult to have solved the domatic greening of rock, cause the problem of the domatic water and soil loss of rock, make that the view of formation is easier to combine together with surrounding environment, naturally coordinate, simultaneously, the harmless odorless of mud after treatment, content of organic matter height, nutritious, not only suitable sowing grass seeds by duster preferablyly made the nutrition building block, is more suitable for the rock slope ecological afforestation.
Clear up, flatten domatic before the boring, remove domatic float stone, make it help combining closely of base material and rock surface, manual amendment and through be up to the standards domatic on determine the bolthole position by on-site actual situations, hole, hole depth and aperture should meet the requirements, and boring finishes, and rock dust in the hole should be blown clean.
Skyhook, the general employing annotated rear loading type earlier, the anchor rod body material is a Φ 14mm II level spiral (threaded), binding material is No. 30 cement mortar, for making grouting rock bolt that anchor force in time is provided, available high-early (strength) cement modulation early strength mortar or is made Su Ning cement mortar powder stick and is used as binding material.
Preferably, utilize anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
The mix organic material obtains organic substrate;
It is domatic to rock that high-pressure machinery sprays organic substrate;
Compound and seed mix are obtained the seed base-material;
Sow grass seeds by duster the seed base-material to organic substrate.
It is difficult that the foregoing description has solved the domatic greening of rock, causes the problem of the domatic water and soil loss of rock, can reach the governance model of beautifying, afforesting, and can make the quick ecology recovering of rock slope, slows down water and soil loss, reaches the purpose of preserving the ecological environment.
Rock slope alien earth sparging technology is to be foundation with engineering mechanics and biological theory; utilize soil moved in to improve the original blending adhesive techniques; using special spray to mix machinery is ejected into organic substrate on the rock; form the hardenite with continuous gap of nearly 10cm thickness; seed can be taken root in the space, germinates, be grown; and sclerosis to a certain degree can prevent rain drop erosion, thereby reaches restore vegetation, improves view, the purpose of protection environment.It is that subjects such as collection rock engineering mechanics, biology, agrology, fertilizer science, horticulture, environmental ecology are the synthesized environmental protection technology of one, its core is the reasonable disposition by the pore-forming material, on rock is domatic, build one and can allow growth and development of plants, and the porous rock-steady structure that plantation matrix is not washed away makes planting layer solid, liquid, gas three-phase material based on balance.The spray sowing technology has realized the perfect adaptation of side slope protection and landscape planting two big functions, is a quantum jump of environmental protection and territory afforestation project.
Preferably, utilize anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
On anchor pole, hang cylinder mould, be used for fixing ecological cage brick;
Ecological cage brick is taken advantage of a situation the shop down along rock is domatic, strain cylinder mould simultaneously;
Spray permeable to ecological cage brick.
The multiple green technology of ecological cage brick side slope is to adopt the cultivation matrix of plant produced configuration to add compressed with adhesive to become brick shape sun-dried mud brick, at adobe upper seeding wheel grass, flower, shrub plant seed, after maintenance, the greening grass that covers with cotton-shaped grass roots in the adobe changes, and grass is changeed to pack into mould in the cylinder mould brick, form greening cage brick, the cage brick is fixed on the slope of rock mass, reaches timely afforestation effect, solved a cliff greening side slope difficult problem, ecological cage brick installs, and can reach afforestation effect in the short time.Plant can grow throughout the year, and other plant is invaded symbiosis simultaneously, reaches the purpose of natural deduction ecology recovering environment.
Table 1
Table 1 shows the ecological cage brick of employing according to an embodiment of the invention and plants the every 100m of living scar
2Bill of quantities.
Above-mentioned grass seeds is perennial grass seeds, and as vetiver, Bermuda grass, india lovegrass, Bai Xicao, Festuca Arundinacea, an amount of Qiao of adding simultaneously, shrub seeds such as white popinac, salt are held up wood, paper mulberry, pigeonpea.
Cylinder mould is made to adopt and is moulded the galvanized wire galvanized hexagonal wire mesh, mesh area 36cm
2, galvanized wire diameter 3.2mm, the durability period is more than 40 years.
The cage brick is taken advantage of a situation the shop down along domatic, should strain net during laying, pave whole along after, with anchor pole that net is fixing from top to bottom, in the time of fixedly, so that the cage brick is close to is domatic, anchor pole is staggered, domatic spacing is 2.0m.
The cage brick answers column to lay on the top, slope, and the cage brick should stretch out top, slope 50cm, and places on the sloping roof panel; At toe, also should there be carpenter's net of 30cm to be embedded in during platform bankets.
It is permeable to spray after the construction of cage brick is finished, and grass seeds germinates and grows up back periodic maintenance side slope until grass planting Cheng Ping.
Preferably, above-mentioned rock slope-surface ecology treatment method is further comprising the steps of:
The underground rises domatic at rock is provided with aqueduct, and ejectment underground water is to the slope.
Preferably, utilize anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
Establish the vertical, horizontal geonet on the domatic upper berth of rock, and with anchor pole that it is fixing from top to bottom;
The mix organic material obtains organic substrate;
On the rock of laying geonet is domatic, spray organic substrate;
Compound and seed mix are obtained the seed base-material;
Sow grass seeds by duster the seed base-material to organic substrate.
The foregoing description adopts rock slope linked network soil moved in to improve the original to mix spray grass planting ecological protection, linked network is sprayed the soil moved in to improve the original greening of organic substrate, be that high-strength geonet mixes the mode that the spray green grass combines with the organic substrate soil moved in to improve the original, this method can be given full play to geonet and domatic firm the fixing of rock, the soil moved in to improve the original base material of sowing grass seeds by duster contains the advantage of the base material of strong binding agent, prevent rain drop erosion, conserved water and soil, guaranteed the domatic afforestation effect of rock.
Table 2
Table 2 shows employing geonet according to an embodiment of the invention and plants the domatic every 100m of living rock
2Bill of quantities.
Preferably, above-mentioned rock slope-surface ecology treatment method is further comprising the steps of:
On the rock behind the seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster is domatic, cover nonwoven, decide, to prevent boisterous interference on weather condition.
Preferably, above-mentioned rock slope-surface ecology treatment method is further comprising the steps of:
To the rock behind the seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster domatic spray permeable.
Preferably, above-mentioned organic material comprises following at least a: soil, water, wood sawdust, water-loss reducer, binding agent, organic compound fertilizer, plant seed, because the main effect of organic substrate provides the matrix of grass, shrub growth, therefore it can guarantee that except wanting grass, shrub absorb the supply of moisture, contain outside the required nutrient of grass growth, when preparing burden, it also should take into full account local climate characteristic, make its structure be suitable for the growth of grass tree, and have certain intensity and gas permeability, its pH value should remain in the suitableeest scope of growing of plant.
Preferably, utilize anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
Welded reinforcement on anchor pole;
Establish the vertical, horizontal geonet on the domatic upper berth of rock, and be fixed;
On geonet, put 3 layers of vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality that soil moved in to improve the original is housed;
Banket between vegetation bag guaranteeing the quality;
With the top of geonet folding, and put 1 layer of vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality that soil moved in to improve the original is housed thereon to the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality;
On the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality, dig dibbling Qiao, shrub, and the backfill soil moved in to improve the original;
Water permeable after, planting the grass seeds of sowing grass seeds by duster on the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality of Qiao, shrub.
The foregoing description adopts the multiple green technology of the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality, use brand-new material, substitute stone, cement prefab fully, can reduce engineering cost significantly, construct permanent software side slope, but the multiple green technology of the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality is built the surface that just side slope has vegetation, makes the domatic greening then of concrete and stone, healing forms natural side slope elegant in appearance then.The side slope that the multiple green technology of the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality is just built has the height water penetration, to soil erosion, and local earth rock glacier, slope collapses etc. have very strong protection and stabilization, can become the natural side slope of permanent high stable.
Fig. 2 shows vegetation bag low bank between fields or in shallow water section master drawing according to an embodiment of the invention, the permeable not saturating soil of the vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality, and plant can grow from the inside, also can take root from the outside; Adopt the standard of nonmetallic materials to connect button, can increase side slope intensity more than 3.7 times; Adopt the engineering of nonmetallic materials to connect button, can increase considerably side slope dam bank intensity, the life-span is long; Adopt the reinforcement net of nonmetallic materials, can increase and reach global design side slope dam bank intensity, the life-span is long; Qiao, shrub are planted in the top, and the high pressure fluid power mode of sowing grass seeds by duster is adopted on the surface, and is quick, efficient.
The foregoing description can be gathered materials on the spot, and the sandy soil bag of packing into reduces excavated volume and roach stone discharge capacity significantly, build on rim button limit, limit, does not have recombination process, more than the fast several times of construction speed, construction equipment and process are simple, and be round-the-clock, and side slope Ba Kan all can be built in any place.
Fig. 3 shows the vegetation bag low bank between fields or in shallow water elevation according to Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows according to what the low bank between fields or in shallow water of Fig. 3 was planted arbor, shrub and digs the cave schematic diagram, and in Fig. 4, the spacing in the rows of arbor, shrub is 1.0 meters, the wide 45cm * 45cm in arbor cave, and it is 40cm deeply, and the shrub cave is wide to be 35cm * 35cm, and it is 30cm deeply.
Table 3
Unit | Quantity | |
Vegetation bag | Individual | 10 |
Soil moved in to improve the original | m 3 | 1.0 |
4cm * 4cm geo-grid sheet net | m 2 | 2.5 |
7.5# mortar is built slabstone | m 3 | 0.1 |
Φ 25 round bar anchor poles | Kg/m | 1.62/0.84 |
|
m | 0.90 |
Φ 10 horizontal round bars | Kg/m | 1.234/2.0 |
Plant shrub | {。##.##1}, | 1.0 |
Table 3 shows vegetation bag low bank between fields or in shallow water bill of quantities according to an embodiment of the invention.
Preferably, above-mentioned rock slope-surface ecology treatment method is further comprising the steps of:
Phase maintenance before, during and after ecological vegetation carried out.
Plant is not generally pruned on the side slope, only damage by disease and insect branch and worm's ovum secateurs is gone; Irrigation period mainly needs the water characteristics according to each phenophase of plant, the time length that rule that moisture changes in local climate and the soil and trees are planted and decide, and the thing of newly planting survives for assurance and grows, and soil need be incubated profit, will in time pour water as suffering from a severe drought summer; Find the timely dispenser of damage by disease and insect, best several medicaments use by turns.
Utilize sludge of sewage treatment plants as cultivating soil, have the following advantages:
One, the content of organic matter in urban water affairs mud and other mud〉30% advantage, can add the requirement that compound fertilizer can reach cultivating soil, reduce ecology cultivation cost;
Two, urban water affairs mud is under the effect through treatment plant's flocculant, bulky grain organic substance in the water (mainly being some perishable house refuses) and cotton-shaped inorganic matter all are deposited among the mud, by fermentation, organic matter after these cotton-shaped inorganic matters and the decomposition can closely link together, play the effect of nature bonding, can reach more than the 3.5MP after the drying, at it not before the moulding, can make the ecoalimental building block, some vitality are strong, the grass-seed of well developed root system is placed in one, and these materials all have very strong water imbibition, even if through rain drop erosion, also can keep Stability Analysis of Structures under the netted cohesive force of the lacing wire that flocculent substance forms.Each ecoalimental building block can be unified into gradually an integral body behind the various plant symbiosis of later stage simultaneously, reach the purpose of ecology recovering environment.
Three, owing to the sick worm's ovum of pathogen in the mud is more, must adopt an effective measure and kill, this case comes mud is carried out harmless treatment by adding wood sawdust and high temperature radioactive ray bacterium and deodorizing bacterium (mainly being photosynthetic bacteria class, acetobacter class, lactobacillus class, bacillus category, pseudomonas, hammer mushroom, saccharomycete, filamentous fungi and rayfungi)., before the Treatment of Sludge, mud per ton adds the 10KG wood chip that sprayed through the 0.5G mixed bacteria liquid, pours fermentation vat then into, adopts plastic film to cover, sealing one week of anaerobic fermentation.Because bacterial classification, meets the requirement of relevant departments such as country's agricultural, environmental protection all from national microorganism resource storehouse, nontoxic, harmless, non-secondary pollution belong to the non-transgenic product, do not have the worry of alien species invasion.And they are collaborative mutually, and symbiosis is good, not only can decompose organic phosphor, can also redox molecule attitude nitrogen be that ammoniacal nitrogen is solid, and high temperature radioactive ray bacterium be at a large amount of heat of mechanism release, under an amount of illumination effect, can reach 30 ℃ in two days, can reach more than 45 ℃ in four days.Be enough to kill the sick worm's ovum of pathogen more than 97%, reach regulation effect.
The harmless odorless of mud after treatment, content of organic matter height, nutritious, not only suitable sowing grass seeds by duster preferablyly made the nutrition building block, broadcasts hanging to broadcast with embedding greater than the crags of 70 degree.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a rock slope-surface ecology treatment method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Determine the bolthole position on domatic and hole described;
Skyhook on described bolthole position;
Utilize described anchor pole set ecological vegetation, wherein, described ecological vegetation uses sludge of sewage treatment plants as cultivating soil.
2. rock slope-surface ecology treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes described anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
The mix organic material obtains organic substrate;
It is domatic to described rock that high-pressure machinery sprays described organic substrate;
Compound and seed mix are obtained the seed base-material;
The described seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster is to described organic substrate.
3. rock slope-surface ecology treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes described anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
On described anchor pole, hang cylinder mould, be used for fixing ecological cage brick;
Described ecological cage brick is taken advantage of a situation the shop down along described rock is domatic, strain described cylinder mould simultaneously;
Spray permeable to described ecological cage brick.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described rock slope-surface ecology treatment methods, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
The underground rises domatic at described rock is provided with aqueduct.
5. rock slope-surface ecology treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes described anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
Establish the vertical, horizontal geonet on the domatic upper berth of described rock, and with described anchor pole that it is fixing from top to bottom;
The mix organic material obtains organic substrate;
On the described rock of laying geonet is domatic, spray described organic substrate;
Compound and seed mix are obtained the seed base-material;
The described seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster is to described organic substrate.
6. according to claim 2 or 5 described rock slope-surface ecology treatment methods, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
On the described rock behind the described seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster is domatic, cover nonwoven.
7. according to claim 2 or 5 described rock slope-surface ecology treatment methods, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
To the described rock behind the described seed base-material of sowing grass seeds by duster domatic spray permeable.
8. comprise following at least a according to claim 2 or 5 described organic materials: soil, water, wood sawdust, water-loss reducer, binding agent, organic compound fertilizer, plant seed.
9. rock slope-surface ecology treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes described anchor pole set ecological vegetation specifically to may further comprise the steps:
Welded reinforcement on described anchor pole;
Establish the vertical, horizontal geonet on the domatic upper berth of described rock, and be fixed;
On described geonet, put 3 layers of vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality that soil moved in to improve the original is housed;
Banket between vegetation bag described guaranteeing the quality;
With the top of described geonet folding, and put 1 layer of vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality that soil moved in to improve the original is housed thereon to the described vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality;
On the described vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality, dig dibbling Qiao, shrub, and the backfill soil moved in to improve the original;
Water permeable after, planting the grass seeds of sowing grass seeds by duster on the described vegetation bag of guaranteeing the quality of Qiao, shrub.
10. according to each described rock slope-surface ecology treatment method in the claim 2,3,5 and 9, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
Phase maintenance before, during and after described ecological vegetation carried out.
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