CN101473899B - Compound feed for Nibea japonica - Google Patents
Compound feed for Nibea japonica Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101473899B CN101473899B CN2008101637350A CN200810163735A CN101473899B CN 101473899 B CN101473899 B CN 101473899B CN 2008101637350 A CN2008101637350 A CN 2008101637350A CN 200810163735 A CN200810163735 A CN 200810163735A CN 101473899 B CN101473899 B CN 101473899B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- japanese croaker
- mixed feed
- feed
- fish meal
- fish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 241000480037 Argyrosomus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OCC(O)C1OC(=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1O MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001360 methionine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention disclose a Japanese croaker compound feeding stuff, comprising the matters with the followings weight percentages: fish meal 20-35, bean pulp 40-60, fish oil 1.5-3.0, soybean oil 0.5-5.0, soybean lecithin 0.5-2.0, corn starch 0.1-15, antioxidant 0.5-1.0, adhesive agent 1.0-3.0, sinkaline 0.1-0.5, compound vitamin 1.0-2.5 and compound mineral salt 2.5-3.5. In the invention, according to the characteristic of the digestive physiology of Japanese croaker, high-biological-availability feeding stuff raw materials are used, thus meeting all nutrition needs of the Japanese croaker fed artificially. The invention has the advantages of promoting the rapid growth of the Japanese croaker, improving the digestibility of the Japanese croaker, reducing excretions, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and the like, and being good for environment protection; besides, the raw materials used in the compound feeding stuff has stable sources and low cost, therefore, the compound feeding stuff is suitable for the intensive feeding of the Japanese croaker.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aquatic animal feed field, be specifically related to a kind of Japanese croaker mixed feed.
Background technology
Japanese croaker (Nibea japonica) belongs to Perciformes, Sciaenidae, Nibea.It is southern coastal mainly to be distributed in East China Sea and Japan.Always be traditional fishery mainly fish for object, its survival ability is strong, wide temperature, wide salt is cultured easily, disease is few, and delicious meat, and is nutritious, is a kind of high-quality economic fish that high exploitation is worth that has.Japan begins artificial breeding from nineteen ninety-five, and Korea S introduced this fish from 1991 from Japan, carried out artificial breeding, and developed as good fingerling in 1998.Zhejiang Prov. Inst. of Marine Products introduced Japanese croaker embryonated egg from Korea S and grows seedlings and the pond culture achieving success in 2000 in continuous 3 years.Show that by the evaluation of coastal area culture efficiency in recent years this fishing gear has the excellent popularization using value, be coastal net cage of China and pond culture potential improved seeds.
Fish meal (fish meal) is to be raw material with one or more fish, the high-protein feed after deoiling, dewater, pulverize processing.The required amino acid ratio of fish meal and aquatic livestock is the most approaching, and add fish meal and can guarantee that aquatic animal to grow is very fast, be the primary raw material in feed proteins sources such as aquatic livestock such as fish, crab, shrimp.Fish meal is balance protein and amino acid whose premium animal property protein feed, also is particularly a kind of high-quality protein source of trace element of balance mineral matter, and is a kind of difficult animal protein feed that is replaced fully by other protein feeds.Its nutritional labeling is because of raw material quality difference, and it is bigger to make a variation, and its protein content imported fish meal is 60～72%, and domestic fish meal is generally 45～60%, and quality is preferably peru fish meal and New Zealand's fish meal, and gross protein value can reach more than 60%.
Though fish meal is the main component in the marine fish feed always, its world's fishery output has reached the peak, causes the fish meal price can not to be in any more, and in addition, phosphorus content is very high in the fish meal, and phosphorus is to culture one of main source that pollutes, and is unfavorable for environmental protection always.All the time, the feed research worker is devoted to research and develop low fish meal daily ration and no fish meal daily ration, but fish meal still is that important animal protein adds feed up to now, still can't it be replaced with other feeds in many feeds.
Dregs of beans is that soybean is extracted a kind of byproduct that obtains behind the soya-bean oil, according to the method difference of extracting, can be divided into and soak dregs of beans and two and soak two kinds of dregs of beans.One production technology of soaking dregs of beans is comparatively advanced, and the protein content height is the principal item that circulates on the domestic present spot market.According to national standard, dregs of beans is divided into Three Estate, one-level dregs of beans, secondary dregs of beans and three grades of dregs of beans.The main component of dregs of beans is: protein 40%～48%, lysine 2.5%～3.0%, tryptophan 0.6%～0.7%, methionine 0.5%～0.7%.Recent years, dregs of beans also is widely used in the culture fishery.The several amino acids that contains in the dregs of beans can fully satisfy fish to amino acid whose special requirement, but lacks limiting amino acid in the dregs of beans, mainly is methionine and lysine.
Chinese invention patent application CN200510036813.7 discloses a kind of grouper compound feed for young, it is formed main component and comprises fish meal, fermented bean dregs, dregs of beans, peanut meal, amino acid, fish oil and cornstarch etc., and there are a great difference in its goal of the invention and technical scheme with the present patent application.Up to the present, the document of culturing with mixed feed at the Japanese croaker juvenile fish does not appear in the newspapers, and the basic framework of Japanese croaker nutrition parameters does not also make up as yet.
Summary of the invention
For effectively solving the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the inventor's purpose provides a kind of Japanese croaker mixed feed, in the hope of reducing the use amount of fish meal in traditional mixed feed, improve the utilization rate of Japanese croaker, the water pollution source that the reduction breed is brought such as the discharging of phosphorus to vegetable protein.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Japanese croaker mixed feed, it forms the material that mainly comprises following percentage by weight: fish meal 20-35, dregs of beans 40-60, fish oil 1.5-3.0, soybean oil 0.5-5.0, soybean lecithin 0.5-2.0, cornstarch 0.1-15, antioxidant 0.5-1.0, adhesive 1.0-3.0, choline (50% content) 0.1-0.5, B B-complex 1.0-2.5 and composite mineral salt 2.5-3.5.
Preferred scheme is, described Japanese croaker mixed feed, it forms the material that mainly comprises following percentage by weight: fish meal 25-35, dregs of beans 46-60, fish oil 1.5-2.5, soybean oil 0.5-2.0, soybean lecithin 1.0, cornstarch 0.1-10, antioxidant vitamin C phosphate (75% content) 1.0, adhesive carboxymethyl cellulose 2.0, choline (50% content) 0.5, B B-complex 2.0 and composite mineral salt 2.5-3.0.
Preferred scheme is, in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed, described B B-complex is made up of following substances in parts by weight: thiamine 5, riboflavin 5, pyridoxal 4, niacin 20, calcium pantothenate 10, biotin 0.6, folic acid 1.5, inositol 200, vitamin E 40, vitamin A 5, Cobastab
120.01, vitamin K
34, vitamin D
34.8 and cellulose 700.09.
Preferred scheme is, in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed, described composite mineral salt is made up of following substances in parts by weight: calcium dihydrogen phosphate 122.87, calcium lactate 474.22, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 42.03, potassium sulfate 163.83, ferrous sulfate 10.78, ironic citrate 38.26, magnesium sulfate 44.19, zinc sulfate 4.74, manganese sulfate 0.33, copper sulphate 0.22, cobalt chloride 0.43, Potassiumiodate 0.02, sodium chloride 32.33 and potassium chloride 65.75.
Preferred scheme is also to comprise the material of following percentage by weight in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed:＜0.5 crystalline amino acid monomer.Add methionine or methionine and lysine composition, every seed amino acid addition＜0.5 specific to adopting in the mixed feed.
Preferred scheme is also to comprise the material of following percentage by weight in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed:＜0.5 chelating amino acid, described chelating amino acid is meant methionine chelate salt.
Preferably scheme is, in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed, described fish meal is selected from Huanglong's fish meal or peru fish meal, and wherein generally about 64%, the peru fish meal protein content is generally about 65% for Huanglong's fish meal protein matter content.
Preferred scheme is that in the above-mentioned Japanese croaker mixed feed, described dregs of beans is selected from the dregs of beans that protein content is 43-48%.
According to the prescription of above-mentioned feedstuff, adopt the production method of general granular mixed feed can prepare the Japanese croaker mixed feed.After mixed feed of the present invention done nutritional labeling and analyze, the percentage that its main nutrient composition accounts for the feed gross weight was: crude protein 38-45%, crude fat 4-10%, total reducing sugar 15-25%, ash 5-12%, moisture 5-10%.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Record (is seen Aquaculture Research according to document, 2001,32 (S1), 112-118), the inventor has carried out the test of 6 weeks to Japanese croaker and has measured the demand of Japanese croaker to protein, uses the various protein level content semipurified diets of white fish meal preparation from 30-55%, the first starting weight 1.86 ± 0.07g of fish (mean ± SD), three repetitions, flowing water is cultured, water temperature 16.4-20.0 ℃.Relative growth rate (WG), fish body according to result of the test are formed (fish products matter) and feed cost, the feed protein level of 40-45% can better satisfy Japanese croaker juvenile growth demand, wherein, 45% feed protein level is optimum for the growth of Japanese croaker.Higher levels of feed protein (as 50-55%) has not only produced lower protein rate (PER), and has produced lower liver body and produced the accumulation of higher fat than (HIS) and in the fish body.
For effectively reducing fish meal use amount in the feed and can satisfying Japanese croaker and propagate whole nutritional needs under the condition artificially, promote that Japanese croaker grows up fast, improve its digestibility, reduce nitrogen, phosphorus drainage, the inventor has further done a series of research and test.
The inventor has carried out " Japanese croaker is to the apparent digestibility of feed primary raw material " test, the main feedstuff that comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, the dish dregs of rice and chicken meal is all investigated, and test feed is formed (basic components sees Table 1) by basal feed 70% and test raw material 30%.The result shows that Japanese croaker does not have significant difference (see Table 2) with fish meal to dregs of beans on dry digestibility, protein digestibility and fat digestibility.Therefore, it is feasible substituting fish meal with dregs of beans.
Table 1 basic components
| Component prescription | Weight % |
| Fish meal | 60 |
| Dregs of beans | 5 |
| Soybean lecithin | 1 |
| Fish oil | 2 |
| Corn oil | 2 |
| Cornstarch | 21.18 |
| Vc | 1 |
| Choline | 0.5 |
| Multidimensional | 2 |
| Many ore deposits | 3 |
| Y 2O 3 | 0.02 |
| Taurine | 0.2 |
| Betaine | 0.1 |
| Sodium alginate | 2 |
| ％ | 100 |
Table 2 test raw material digestibility testing result
Annotate: there is significant difference (P＜0.05) in expression between same column data subscript letter a, b, the c difference person; Ns: difference is not remarkable.
Further, the inventor has carried out " dregs of beans substitutes the Sq research of fish meal in the feed " test, use dregs of beans to substitute the amount (prescription sees Table 3) of fish meal protein 25,50,60 and 75% respectively, from result of the test, substitute 50% fish meal protein, the feed group sashimi (raw fish) that is soybean meal content 46.5% is long best, but the sashimi (raw fish) length that substitutes fish meal protein 60-75% group significantly descends.In addition, the phosphorus discharge capacity that substitutes the feed group of 50% fish meal protein has descended 78.34% than control group, and the feed group that substitutes 60% fish meal protein is no longer to external world's discharging phosphorus (seeing Table 4).Therefore, the amount with the alternative fish meal protein 50% of dregs of beans albumen suits.
Dregs of beans substitutes the Sq research prescription of fish meal in table 3 feed
| Prescription | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 0SB | 25SB | 50SB | 60SB | 75SB | |
| Fish meal | 63.00 | 47.25 | 31.50 | 25.20 | 15.75 |
| Dregs of beans | 0.00 | 23.27 | 46.53 | 55.84 | 69.80 |
| Soybean lecithin | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Fish oil | 0.00 | 0.99 | 1.98 | 2.38 | 2.98 |
| Soya-bean oil | 2.00 | 1.56 | 1.12 | 0.94 | 0.67 |
| Cornstarch | 25.48 | 17.41 | 9.35 | 6.12 | 1.28 |
| Vc | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Choline | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
| Multidimensional | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Many ore deposits | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Y 2O 3 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| CMC | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Weight % | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Become to be grouped into estimated value | |||||
| Pr. | 40.18 | 40.18 | 40.18 | 40.18 | 40.18 |
| Fat | 6.47 | 6.47 | 6.47 | 6.47 | 6.47 |
| CHO | 25.48 | 24.00 | 22.52 | 21.92 | 21.04 |
| E(kcal/100g) | 320.84 | 314.91 | 308.99 | 306.62 | 303.06 |
The change conditions of phosphorus during table 4 is cultured
To sum up, at the Japanese croaker physilogical characteristics, the invention provides a kind of Japanese croaker mixed feed, protein content is 40-45% in its main constituent, and preferred protein content is 45%; Wherein, described protein source raw material is 63 mainly from fish meal and dregs of beans in the fish meal percentage by weight in the feed, and its 50-60% protein can be substituted by the protein of dregs of beans.
Further, the inventor has carried out " different amino acid patterns is to the influence of Japanese croaker (Nibea japonica) juvenile growth and body composition " test, prepare nitrogen such as 5 groups etc. can feed, No. 1 feed is a protein sources with fish meal and casein, organize in contrast, the 2-5 feed is a protein sources with carragheen, fish meal, casein and crystalline amino acid, simulate the full fish albumen of Japanese croaker juvenile fish (NLP) respectively, pagrosomus fish egg protein (REP), peru fish meal albumen (PFP) and soybean protein (SBP) amino acid compositional model.Result of the test shows, the growth and the control group of the full fish amino acid pattern of Japanese croaker feed do not have difference, it is desirable amino acid pattern, and the growth of dregs of beans amino acid pattern is relatively poor, with contrast and full fish amino acid pattern group significant difference is arranged all, wherein dregs of beans group methionine background values is 1.61% (very calculating), is lower than the content 2.90% (very calculating) of the methionine of full fish group.Therefore, methionine is first limiting amino acid in the dregs of beans.
For improving vegetable protein utilization ratio of raw materials in the feed, the inventor has carried out the test of " adding crystal amino acid; acidulant; chelating amino acid is to the influence of Japanese croaker juvenile growth and body composition ", to substitute the feed of 60% fish meal protein, amino acid pattern according to the full fish albumen of Japanese croaker juvenile fish (NLP), add citric acid respectively or add the amino acid pattern level of limiting amino acid (methionine and lysine) to full fish albumen (NLP), result of the test shows, the growth of adding the processed group of methionine or interpolation methionine and lysine is higher than other each groups significantly, illustrate that Japanese croaker can effectively utilize in the feed 56% soybean meal content, and feed efficiency does not have the difference of conspicuousness, no longer discharge phosphorus in the breeding process, the use amount of the inorganic iron MnZn copper mineral salt in feed of chelating amino acid whose use also minimizing the simultaneously to the external world.
Thus, in the preferred version provided by the invention mixed feed add percentage by weight＜0.5 methionine,＜0.5 methionine and＜0.5 lysine composition or＜0.5 methionine chelate salt, it is more reasonable that amino acid is formed, and more helps improving feed protein efficient.In addition, the inventor finds that after interpolation methionine, methionine-lysine or the methionine chelate salt, the amount that substitutes fish meal protein 60% with dregs of beans albumen suits, and can further reduce the use amount of fish meal like this.
The inventor has also carried out the test of " the different sugar level is to the influence of Japanese croaker growth and body composition thereof in the feed ", the result shows, in 43% forage protein level, under 6.8% fat level, the diet carbohydrate content of 0-24% is formed the influence that does not cause conspicuousness to Japanese croaker growth and body, but higher levels of diet carbohydrate content (greater than 24%) causes the significant decline of growth, and causes the liver body than raising significantly.Hence one can see that, and reasonable is that its sugared content should be at 15-24% in the mixed feed provided by the invention.
In addition, the inventor knows that by test fat content should be at 4-10% in the mixed feed of the present invention.
Japanese croaker compound feed for young of the present invention can adopt the production technology of general granular mixed feed to prepare, and earlier the dry raw material is done pulverization process before mixing.
The present invention has following advantage:
The present invention is directed to the Japanese croaker digestive physiological characteristics, select the high feedstuff of bioavailability, can satisfy Japanese croaker and propagate whole nutritional needs under the condition artificially; Have the Japanese croaker of promotion and grow fast, improve the Japanese croaker digestibility, reduce excretas such as nitrogen, phosphorus, help advantages such as environmental protection.In addition, this mixed feed its raw material source is stable, with low cost, is fit to the intensive culture of Japanese croaker.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, be described more specifically content of the present invention.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, all will fall into protection domain of the present invention any pro forma accommodation and/or the change that the present invention made.
Before use, main feedstuff all will be measured the approximate composition analysis, and the data of acquisition are used for the feed preparation.
The computing formula that growth indexes is used in measuring:
Rate of body weight gain (Percent weight gain, WG)
Specific growth rate (Specific growth rate, SGR)
Survival rate (Survival rate)
Coefficient of condition (Condition factor, CF)
The liver body than (Hepatosomatic index, HSI)
Dirty body than (viscera index, VSI)
Tripe tallow than (Intraperitoneal fat, IPF)
FI feed intake (g): during the breed, the feed total amount that every tail fish or every nautilus are taken in.
Feed conversion rate (Feed conversion ratio, FCR)
Protein efficiency ratio, PER (Protein efficiency ration, PER)
Detect the data result analytic statistics methods:
Experimental result all uses average ± standard deviation to represent, the statistical analysis software that data adopted is SPSS 12.0, and the result carries out one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA); If single factor analysis is when variant (P＜0.05), with assay difference (P＜0.05 is promptly thought significant difference) between each factor of Deng Kenshi multiple analysis method of inspection (Duncan ' s new multiple rang test).
Embodiment 1
Prepare mixed feed as follows: the screening raw material, various raw materials through after pulverizing, crossing 40 mesh sieves, press formula number shown in the table 51 and prepare burden.All dry compositions add oil sources after using mixer fully to mix, and fully mix again, add an amount of water afterwards again and mix fully.Mix the back and adopt the twin-screw banded extruder to make the experiment feed of diameter 1.5-2.5 millimeter,, with sealing the polybag packing, preserve standby then at the room temperature condition natural air drying.
Choose health, uniformly Japanese croaker juvenile fish (initial weight is about the 7.2g/ tail) 324 tails divide into groups, on average put into 18 cylindrical culture experiments (the about 300L of volume) respectively, and every barrel of fish weighed respectively and count, last data are got its mean value, and the initial counterpoise of each processed group does not have significant difference.
Experiment is established 3 parallel group, totally 18 cylinders.Experimental session adopts the husky seawater that filters to carry out flowing water and cultures oxygenation.Experimental session adopts natural lighting, 27.50 ± 0.45 ℃ of water temperatures, dissolved oxygen greater than 7mg/L, total ammonia nitrogen in optimum range, pH 7.8 ± 0.2.Experiment periods was 8 weeks, and each daily ration, feeding quantity is as the criterion to be satiated with food, divide every day and throw something and feed for 2 times (morning 8:00 and afternoon 4:30), before throwing something and feeding every day with residual bait and ight soil sucking-off.Per two weeks are cleaned culturing jar 1 time.
Before beginning, gets culture experiment the initial fish sample refrigeration of 18 tails so that carry out the chemical analysis that full fish body is formed.After raise finishing, be unit Japanese croaker quantity in the bucket behind the hungry 24h and claim gross weight, calculate rate of body weight gain WG, survival rate SR, specific growth rate SGR.Use anesthetic that fish anesthesia back is dissected then and take out internal organ, separate liver, mesenterium fat, and the weighing internal organ are heavy respectively, liver is heavy, the fatty weight of mesenterium compares IPF than VSI, liver body than HSI and tripe tallow to calculate dirty body; Both sides, clip back white muscle is weighed.All samples freezes with liquid nitrogen is anxious rapidly, is stored in-70 ℃ and is equipped with survey.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 2
Press the 2 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 3
Press the 3 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 4
Press the 4 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 5
Press the 5 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 6
Press the 6 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Embodiment 7
Press the 7 formula feed raw materials of prescription shown in the table 5.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in the present embodiment breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Reference examples
Press the formulated of control group shown in the table 5 feedstuff.
Other operations are with embodiment 1.
The change conditions of phosphorus sees Table 6 in this reference examples breeding process.
Concrete growth, feed conversion and biological indicator testing result see Table 7.
Each embodiment feed formula of table 5 and nutritional labeling analysis
The change conditions of each embodiment phosphorus of table 6
Claims (7)
1. Japanese croaker mixed feed, it forms the material that mainly comprises following percentage by weight: fish meal 20-35, dregs of beans 40-60, fish oil 1.5-3.0, soybean oil 0.5-5.0, soybean lecithin 0.5-2.0, cornstarch 0.1-15, antioxidant 0.5-1.0, adhesive 1.0-3.0, choline 0.1-0.5, B B-complex 1.0-2.5 and composite mineral salt 2.5-3.5, wherein, described dregs of beans protein content is 43-48%.
2. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it forms the material that mainly comprises following percentage by weight: fish meal 25-35, dregs of beans 46-60, fish oil 1.5-2.5, soybean oil 0.5-2.0, soybean lecithin 1.0, cornstarch 0.1-10, antioxidant vitamin C phosphate 1.0, adhesive carboxymethyl cellulose 2.0, choline 0.5, B B-complex 2.0 and composite mineral salt 2.5-3.0.
3. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described B B-complex is made up of following substances in parts by weight: thiamine 5, riboflavin 5, pyridoxal 4, niacin 20, calcium pantothenate 10, biotin 0.6, folic acid 1.5, inositol 200, vitamin E 40, vitamin A 5, Cobastab
120.01, vitamin K
34, vitamin D
34.8 and cellulose 700.09.
4. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described composite mineral salt is made up of following substances in parts by weight: calcium dihydrogen phosphate 122.87, calcium lactate 474.22, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 42.03, potassium sulfate 163.83, ferrous sulfate 10.78, ironic citrate 38.26, magnesium sulfate 44.19, zinc sulfate 4.74, manganese sulfate 0.33, copper sulphate 0.22, cobalt chloride 0.43, Potassiumiodate 0.02, sodium chloride 32.33 and potassium chloride 65.75.
5. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the material of following percentage by weight in the described Japanese croaker mixed feed:＜0.5 crystalline amino acid monomer.
6. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the material of following percentage by weight in the described Japanese croaker mixed feed:＜0.5 chelating amino acid.
7. Japanese croaker mixed feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described fish meal is selected from Huanglong's fish meal or peru fish meal.
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| CN101962414B (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-07-04 | 广西明阳生化科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing aquatic granulated feed adhesive modified starch |
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| CN103070301A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-05-01 | 浙江海洋学院 | Basic bait formulation for Nibea albiflora |
| CN104000009B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-02-17 | 舟山海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of spotted maigre feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104543565B (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2017-07-11 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of spotted maigre compound feed for young and preparation method thereof |
| CN105010876A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-04 | 鲍克胜 | Fish feed formula |
| KR102588472B1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2023-10-12 | 롯데정밀화학 주식회사 | Feed composition for fish farming and paste feed comprising the same |
| CN109463571A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-15 | 广州科盛生物科技有限公司 | A kind of feed improving fish crop and resistance |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1802992A (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-07-19 | 缪淑华 | Ecological and nutritious mixing feed for cultivated german carp |
| CN1833533A (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2006-09-20 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Black porgy feed |
| CN100998375A (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2007-07-18 | 湛江粤海饲料有限公司 | Environmental-protection type high performance compounding feed for perch |
| CN101181012A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | 广东粤海饲料集团有限公司 | Environment protection formula feed for sea water fish |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1802992A (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-07-19 | 缪淑华 | Ecological and nutritious mixing feed for cultivated german carp |
| CN1833533A (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2006-09-20 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Black porgy feed |
| CN100998375A (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2007-07-18 | 湛江粤海饲料有限公司 | Environmental-protection type high performance compounding feed for perch |
| CN101181012A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | 广东粤海饲料集团有限公司 | Environment protection formula feed for sea water fish |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 史会来等.不同投饲率对日本黄姑鱼幼鱼生长及鱼体生化成分的影响.《海洋渔业》.2007,第29卷(第1期),53-56. * |
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| CN101473899A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
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