CN107319208B - A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding - Google Patents
A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107319208B CN107319208B CN201710703595.0A CN201710703595A CN107319208B CN 107319208 B CN107319208 B CN 107319208B CN 201710703595 A CN201710703595 A CN 201710703595A CN 107319208 B CN107319208 B CN 107319208B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- feed
- grouper
- servings
- fish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 28
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 13
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 13
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012888 dietary physiology Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241000238371 Sepiidae Species 0.000 description 10
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- -1 phosphate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 3
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001311778 Uroteuthis chinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- RASZIXQTZOARSV-BDPUVYQTSA-N astacin Chemical compound CC=1C(=O)C(=O)CC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)C(=O)CC1(C)C RASZIXQTZOARSV-BDPUVYQTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 102000034498 Astacin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000658 Astacin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N Astaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC1(C)C)/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC2(C)C JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FMKGDHLSXFDSOU-BDPUVYQTSA-N Dienon-Astacin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(=CC1(C)C)O)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(=CC2(C)C)O FMKGDHLSXFDSOU-BDPUVYQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004930 Fatty Liver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010028690 Fish Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710154606 Hemagglutinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022653 Intestinal haemorrhages Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710093908 Outer capsid protein VP4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710135467 Outer capsid protein sigma-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710176177 Protein A56 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101710162629 Trypsin inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122618 Trypsin inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003676 astacin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940022405 astaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N astaxanthin Chemical compound C([C@H](O)C(=O)C=1C)C(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013793 astaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001168 astaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940107161 cholesterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004626 essential fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000001936 exophthalmos Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010706 fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000185 hemagglutinin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067631 phospholipid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018648 unbalanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及水产养殖技术领域，尤其涉及一种水产饲料及其在石斑鱼饲养中的应用。本发明提供的水产饲料由鱼粉、大豆浓缩蛋白、酪蛋白、虾壳粉、面粉、木薯粉、豆油、鱼油、乌贼膏、维生素、矿物质、氯化胆碱、磷酸二氢钙、VC磷酸酯。该饲料制备方法简单，原料成本较低。该饲料根据石斑鱼幼鱼的营养生理，提出满足其最大生长所需的蛋白质、脂肪、能量、钙和磷等营养成分及各种维生素和微量元素的所需要量；该饲料能很好引诱石斑鱼进食，饲料利用率高；营养均衡。以其饲喂石斑鱼6周，养殖的石斑鱼生长性能好，形态健康，全鱼和肌肉中的营养成分高。The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding. The aquatic feed provided by the invention is composed of fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, casein, shrimp shell meal, flour, tapioca flour, soybean oil, fish oil, squid paste, vitamins, minerals, choline chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, VC phosphate . The feed preparation method is simple and the cost of raw materials is low. According to the nutritional physiology of juvenile grouper, the feed proposes the required amount of nutrients such as protein, fat, energy, calcium and phosphorus, as well as various vitamins and trace elements to meet their maximum growth requirements; the feed can be very attractive. Grouper eats with high feed utilization and balanced nutrition. The grouper was fed with it for 6 weeks, and the cultured grouper had good growth performance, healthy shape, and high nutrient content in the whole fish and muscle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding.
Background
The grouper is a rare economic fish for mariculture, is distributed in tropical and subtropical warm water sea areas in the south east China coastal, has the advantages of fast growth, delicious meat quality, high economic value and the like, and becomes one of rare species for mariculture in the Guangdong, Hainan and Fujian coastal in China. At present, however, the grouper breeding mainly comprises the feeding of iced fresh fish, and the popularization rate of the compound feed is low. The main reason is that the research foundation of the nutrition requirement of the grouper is weak at present. The requirement of the garrupa for nutrition cannot be clarified, so that the feed is not suitable for the growth and development of the garrupa.
The raw materials of the common aquatic feed in the market mainly comprise fish meal, grain raw materials and grease. In general, fish meal and cereal materials often account for over 50% of the feed cost, and are important in feed cost. However, most of the commercial aquatic feeds cannot meet the requirement of the groupers on nutrient substances. The unbalanced nutrition of the feed can directly cause the groupers to die in a large amount in the process of converting the juvenile groupers into adult groupers, and the surviving groupers also cause unhealthy shapes, low nutritional ingredients in whole fishes or muscles and reduced quality due to malnutrition. In addition, the palatability of the feed is also an important factor for determining the growth performance of the garrupa, generally speaking, the taste and flavor of the compound feed are mostly inferior to those of fresh ice fish, and the appetite of the garrupa cannot be caused by feeding the garrupa, so that the garrupa is poor in growth and development and is not healthy in shape. In addition, the stability of the feed also has important influence on the growth and development of the groupers, and the instability of the feed is mainly shown in the following steps: too fast sedimentation in water, too fast dissolution, too short decay time and the like. The settlement is fast, the dissolution is fast, and the grouper is not easy to eat; if the decay time is too short, the water quality is easily damaged, so that the groupers are easy to get ill.
Therefore, a compound feed suitable for the garrupa is further researched, the culture cost of the garrupa is reduced, and the growth performance and the muscle nutrient content of the garrupa are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an aquatic feed and an application thereof in grouper feeding, the feed provided by the invention has good stability in water, and the groupers fed with the feed provided by the invention have active feeding, good growth performance and good economic benefit.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
in the invention, the vitamins comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.85 part of VA; VB30.17 part; VE 1.04 parts; VK30.13 part; VB10.03 part; VB20.42 part; VB20.42 part; VB60.33 part; VC 1.56 parts; 1.04 parts of nicotinic acid; 1.12 parts of calcium pantothenate; 0.08 part of folic acid; VB120.2 part; 0.22 part of biotin.
In the invention, the mineral comprises the following components in parts by mass: 125 parts of calcium, 100 parts of magnesium, 125 parts of phosphorus, 1 part of copper and 60 parts of iron; 1 part of manganese and 7.5 parts of zinc.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 552.5 parts of fish meal; 90 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 181.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 650 parts of fish meal; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 174 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 357.5 parts of fish meal; 270 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 196.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 162.5 parts of fish meal; 450 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 211.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
The protein of the feed provided by the invention is mainly provided by fish meal, soybean protein concentrate and casein. The demand of protein for marine fishes is high, and nowadays, the resource is increasingly in short supply, the price of high-quality protein raw materials such as fish meal is high, and in order to save the culture cost, culturists hope that the feed protein can be more effectively converted into fish protein. However, although vegetable proteins are widely available, the amino acid types are not uniform, and the absorption of fish by anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinin is also inhibited. Therefore, a material that can provide a sufficient protein source to groupers, instead of fish meal, is always a goal sought in the art. The invention uses soybean Protein Concentrate to partially replace fish meal and casein, the Soybean Protein Concentrate (SPC) uses soybean as raw material, through the processing technology of crushing, peeling, leaching, separating, washing, drying and the like, the oil and fat and low molecular soluble non-Protein components (mainly soluble sugar, ash, alcohol soluble Protein, various odor substances and the like) in the soybean are removed, and the soybean Protein product containing more than 65% (dry basis) of Protein (Nx 6.25) is prepared. The feeding result shows that compared with the feed which is not replaced, the replaced feed has higher specific growth rate, higher protein efficiency ratio, lower feed coefficient and moderate fullness, and the crude protein content of the whole fish is obviously improved. The feed provided by the invention improves the growth performance of the groupers on the premise of reducing the cost.
Most of the prepared feeds cannot well attract the groupers to eat, the main reason is poor palatability, and the cuttlefish paste is added into the feeds to improve the palatability of the feeds. The cuttlefish paste is prepared by extracting viscera of natural marine cuttlefish (Loligo chinensis Gray), processing by advanced production process, fermenting, sterilizing, and oven drying. Has strong fishy smell of viscera of cuttlefish (Loligo chinensis Gray). Preferably, the mass part of the cuttlefish paste in the aquatic feed provided by the invention is 15 parts.
The shrimp shell powder is rich in chitin, protein, choline, phospholipid, cholesterol, astaxanthin, astacin and a plurality of beneficial elements such as phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper and the like. Can improve the palatability of the feed, provide good nutrition for fish and promote the growth of groupers. Preferably, in the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the mass part of the shrimp shell powder is 25 parts.
Choline can increase growth rate of some fish, and can also prevent fatty liver, anemia, liver discoloration, liver, intestinal hemorrhage, and kidney hemorrhage, and also can prevent exophthalmos and enlarge abdomen. However, the amount of choline to be added to fish feed is not yet known. Preferably, the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises 5 parts of choline chloride by mass.
The calcium dihydrogen phosphate is a feed additive for supplementing calcium and phosphorus nutrition for livestock, poultry and aquatic animals. Preferably, the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises 10 parts of monocalcium phosphate by mass.
Fish oil is a general term for all oily substances in fish bodies and comprises body oil, liver oil and naphtha. Soybean oil is oil and fat obtained from seeds of soybean of Leguminosae. There are different viewpoints as to whether it is advantageous to add fat to fish feed. The oil in the feed can be used as an energy source for decomposition, or can supplement essential fatty acid to maintain a normal physiological state. However, the amount of fat required by fish is closely related to the species and physiological state of fish, and the type, amount, and ratio of other components in feed. The fish oil and soybean oil are added into the feed provided by the invention, wherein the mass part of the fish oil is 15 parts; the soybean oil accounts for 15 parts by mass. The grouper can keep moderate fullness after being ingested, and the feed coefficient is reduced.
The cassava powder is starch refined from roots of cassava or cassava, and has super strong binding power to feed, so that the feed can be prevented from dispersing in water for 3 hours, animals can be fully guaranteed to eat, the feed utilization is improved, and water pollution is avoided. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the mass part of the cassava powder is 20 parts.
The flour is used as the grain raw material in the aquatic feed, so that the bonding degree of the feed can be further improved while nutrition is provided, and the flour content of the feed can be reduced, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed, reducing waste and improving the production performance of the feed. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the flour accounts for 174-211.5 parts by mass.
The VC phosphate ester is used as an additive, has the functions of increasing the anti-stress capability, improving the immunity of the fish body and enabling the cultured fish body to be healthier, and simultaneously can resist high temperature, so that the feed can still keep higher effective components after being granulated at high temperature. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the VC phosphate ester accounts for 1 part by mass.
The preparation method of the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises the following steps of crushing raw materials, and sieving the crushed raw materials by a 60-mesh sieve; mixing with water, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; then extruding, granulating and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to prepare the aquatic feed; the mass of the water is 50% of the total mass of the raw materials.
Extruding the extruded strips into strips with the diameter of 2.5mm +/-5 mm; the granulation is carried out to prepare granules with the diameter of 2.5mm +/-5 mm. Specifically, the extruded strips are extruded into strips with the diameter of 2.5 mm; the granulation was made into granules with a diameter of 2.5 mm.
The diameter of the feed prepared by the invention is about 2.5mm, and the feed is suitable for the ingestion of grouper.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is used for feeding groupers.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention can provide comprehensive and rich nutrition for the fishes, the feed utilization rate is high, and the growth performance of the bred fishes is good. Besides grouper, the method can also be used for other aquaculture. But is more suitable for the culture of grouper.
The invention also provides a method for feeding groupers, and the groupers are fed with the aquatic feed.
In the method for feeding the groupers, the feeding frequency is 2 times per day and the feeding frequency is 08:00 and 16:00 respectively.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is prepared from fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, casein, shrimp shell powder, flour, cassava powder, soybean oil, fish oil, cuttlefish paste, vitamins, minerals, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate and VC phosphate. The feed has simple preparation method and low cost of raw materials. The feed provides the required amounts of protein, fat, energy, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrient components and various vitamins and trace elements which are required by the maximum growth of the juvenile grouper according to the nutrition physiology of the juvenile grouper; the feed can well attract the groupers to eat, and the utilization rate of the feed is high; the nutrition is balanced. The grouper is fed by the feed for 6 weeks, the cultured grouper has good growth performance and healthy shape, and the nutrient content in the whole fish and muscles is high.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding, and a person skilled in the art can use the contents for reference and appropriately improve process parameters to realize the purpose. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples 1 to 4
Table 1 examples 1-4 feed formulations
Before preparing the feed, all the raw materials are crushed and screened by a 60-mesh screen. All the raw materials are mixed according to the formula of table 1, then about 500kg of water is added, the mixture is rubbed evenly by hand and passes through a 60-mesh screen, and the mixture is put into an F-26 type double-screw extruder (Guangzhou Hua Gongguang optical electro-mechanical technology Co., Ltd.) to be extruded into strips with the diameter of 2.5mm, and then a G-500 type granulator (Guangzhou Hua Gongguang optical electro-mechanical technology Co., Ltd.) is utilized to prepare granulated feed with the diameter of about 2.5 mm. Drying the feed at 60 deg.C for 12 hr, sealing the dried feed with sealing bag, and storing in-20 deg.C refrigerator.
The indexes of the nutrient components of the feed are detected, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 nutritional indices
| Group of | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Crude protein (%) | 46.49 | 46.56 | 46.12 | 46.3 |
| Crude fat (%) | 9.37 | 9.63 | 9.10 | 9.15 |
| Coarse ash (%) | 14.56 | 15.73 | 11.85 | 9.26 |
| Total energy (k cal kg-1) | 18.54 | 18.91 | 18.94 | 19.24 |
| ΣEAA(g kg-1) | 14.17 | 14.45 | 14.72 | 13.95 |
| ΣNEAA g kg-1) | 18.90 | 18.80 | 19.78 | 19.80 |
| Lysine | 2.24 | 2.41 | 2.20 | 1.98 |
| Methine | 0.63 | 0.85 | 0.73 | 0.49 |
The results in table 2 show that the feed provided by the invention is rich and balanced in nutrition, wherein the contents of various nutritional ingredients in the feed provided by examples 1 and 2 are more abundant than those in examples 3-4.
The properties of the feed were examined and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 pellet feed Properties
Table 3 shows the properties of the feed of example 1, and the properties of the feed produced in the other examples are similar to those of the feed produced in the other examples, but the feed of examples 1 to 2 is significantly superior to those of examples 3 to 4 in palatability.
When the feed of each embodiment is used for feeding the groupers, the retroembryonic development of the groupers is mainly divided into a larval stage, a juvenile stage and a juvenile stage according to the change of yolk sacs, the growth and contraction of long fin spines and the appearance of scales and body color stripes. And (3) during a juvenile fish period: the whole body of the fry is covered with scales in the period, the body forms stripes, and the individual fry is similar to adult fish in shape and habit.
The invention takes the grouper in the juvenile fish stage as an experimental object, and the culture period is 6 weeks. The experiment was carried out in the same water area, 50 fish tails per group, and was raised at 0.5m3The fish is fed for 2 times a day, and the feeding rate is 3-5% of the weight of the fish each day. Each experiment is repeated for three times, the experiment is finished, and the growth performance, the feed utilization rate, the grouper morphological index and the muscle nutrient content are detected, and the results are shown in a table 4:
TABLE 4 growth Performance, feed utilization and morphology indices
The results show that the grouper fed by the feed provided by the invention is moderate in fatness and body ratio, the feed of the embodiment 1 is remarkably superior to the feed of the embodiments 2-4 in the three aspects of fish body weight increment, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, and p is less than 0.05; the feed coefficient of the feed of the example 1 is obviously lower than that of the examples 2-4, and p is less than 0.05.
TABLE 5 Total Fish and muscle Nutrition ingredients
The results show that the grouper fed with the feed provided by the invention is rich in nutrient components, the grouper fed with the feed of the embodiment 1 is high in crude protein content in the muscle, and the feeding effect is not significantly different from that of the feed which takes fish meal and casein as protein sources in the embodiment 2 (p is greater than 0.05), but the crude protein content in the muscle of the grouper fed with the embodiments 1-2 is significantly better than that of the embodiments 3-4 (p is less than 0.05). No significant difference in fat and ash content was seen in the muscle of grouper fed in each example (p > 0.05).
The detection result of the whole fish shows that the crude protein content of the grouper fed in example 1 is obviously higher than that of the grouper fed in examples 2-4, and p is less than 0.05; in terms of fat and ash, the grouper bred in examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than the grouper bred in examples 3-4, and p is less than 0.05.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710703595.0A CN107319208B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710703595.0A CN107319208B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107319208A CN107319208A (en) | 2017-11-07 |
| CN107319208B true CN107319208B (en) | 2021-07-20 |
Family
ID=60201049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710703595.0A Active CN107319208B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107319208B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107691895A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-16 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | A kind of pearl rough gentian grouper is into carp compound feed |
| CN111513186B (en) * | 2020-05-17 | 2021-07-02 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of feed for improving grouper muscle quality and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101491302A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-29 | 天津农学院 | Special feed for malaber reefcod |
| CN104509723A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-15 | 浙江海洋学院 | Epinephelus akaara feed and formula thereof |
| CN106306601A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 | Expanded feed for grouper and processing method of expanded feed |
-
2017
- 2017-08-16 CN CN201710703595.0A patent/CN107319208B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101491302A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-29 | 天津农学院 | Special feed for malaber reefcod |
| CN104509723A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-15 | 浙江海洋学院 | Epinephelus akaara feed and formula thereof |
| CN106306601A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 | Expanded feed for grouper and processing method of expanded feed |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107319208A (en) | 2017-11-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102178105B (en) | Grouper environmentally-friendly soft granulated feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102835595B (en) | Penaeus monodon larva stage microparticle feed | |
| CN103005188B (en) | Mixed feed for middle-sized penaeus vanname | |
| CN103349157B (en) | Compound feed for female parent fishes of sturgeons | |
| CN103535517B (en) | Green chicken feed | |
| CN102687810A (en) | Compound feed for Scylla serrata and preparation method of same | |
| CN103461741A (en) | Antiviral swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105166455A (en) | New-type environmentally protective, nutritional, and high-efficient pelteobagrus fulvidraco compound feed | |
| CN105495066A (en) | Fermented-flavor environment-friendly small carp puffed slowly-sinking compound feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105558432A (en) | Fermented-aroma-type environment-friendly puffed slowly-sinking compound feed for culturing crucian and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108201025A (en) | A kind of multifilament cray feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107529411A (en) | A kind of mixed feed of Scylla paramamosain soft crab and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104920833B (en) | The mixed feed and its processing method of a kind of Penaeus Vannmei | |
| CN104855681A (en) | Puffing compound feed for sunfish breeding season | |
| CN102524578A (en) | Turtle feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103392935B (en) | Artificial microparticle feed of turbot postlarva | |
| CN111938033A (en) | Compound feed for overwintering of Rana temporaria and application thereof | |
| CN104957430A (en) | Epinephelus akaara compound feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107319208B (en) | A kind of aquatic feed and its application in grouper feeding | |
| CN106721655A (en) | Catfish scrod feed and its manufacture method | |
| CN103168969A (en) | Green, environment-friendly, nutritional and efficient sunfish feed | |
| CN101889657A (en) | Meat pigeon feed | |
| CN105454733A (en) | Rainbow trout nutrition enhancer and application thereof | |
| CN104381162A (en) | Ecological folium cortex eucommiae fish culture method | |
| CN112155137A (en) | Feed for juvenile salmon of salmon in horse scotch and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |