CN107319208B - Aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding - Google Patents

Aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding Download PDF

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CN107319208B
CN107319208B CN201710703595.0A CN201710703595A CN107319208B CN 107319208 B CN107319208 B CN 107319208B CN 201710703595 A CN201710703595 A CN 201710703595A CN 107319208 B CN107319208 B CN 107319208B
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parts
feed
grouper
fish
mass
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CN107319208A (en
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陈燕
马军
黄海
李成才
陈铭粤
林炽贤
杜宇
陈忠荫
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Hainan Tropical Ocean University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding. The aquatic feed provided by the invention is prepared from fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, casein, shrimp shell powder, flour, cassava powder, soybean oil, fish oil, cuttlefish paste, vitamins, minerals, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate and VC phosphate. The feed has simple preparation method and low cost of raw materials. The feed provides the required amounts of protein, fat, energy, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrient components and various vitamins and trace elements which are required by the maximum growth of the juvenile grouper according to the nutrition physiology of the juvenile grouper; the feed can well attract the groupers to eat, and the utilization rate of the feed is high; the nutrition is balanced. The grouper is fed by the feed for 6 weeks, the cultured grouper has good growth performance and healthy shape, and the nutrient content in the whole fish and muscles is high.

Description

Aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding.
Background
The grouper is a rare economic fish for mariculture, is distributed in tropical and subtropical warm water sea areas in the south east China coastal, has the advantages of fast growth, delicious meat quality, high economic value and the like, and becomes one of rare species for mariculture in the Guangdong, Hainan and Fujian coastal in China. At present, however, the grouper breeding mainly comprises the feeding of iced fresh fish, and the popularization rate of the compound feed is low. The main reason is that the research foundation of the nutrition requirement of the grouper is weak at present. The requirement of the garrupa for nutrition cannot be clarified, so that the feed is not suitable for the growth and development of the garrupa.
The raw materials of the common aquatic feed in the market mainly comprise fish meal, grain raw materials and grease. In general, fish meal and cereal materials often account for over 50% of the feed cost, and are important in feed cost. However, most of the commercial aquatic feeds cannot meet the requirement of the groupers on nutrient substances. The unbalanced nutrition of the feed can directly cause the groupers to die in a large amount in the process of converting the juvenile groupers into adult groupers, and the surviving groupers also cause unhealthy shapes, low nutritional ingredients in whole fishes or muscles and reduced quality due to malnutrition. In addition, the palatability of the feed is also an important factor for determining the growth performance of the garrupa, generally speaking, the taste and flavor of the compound feed are mostly inferior to those of fresh ice fish, and the appetite of the garrupa cannot be caused by feeding the garrupa, so that the garrupa is poor in growth and development and is not healthy in shape. In addition, the stability of the feed also has important influence on the growth and development of the groupers, and the instability of the feed is mainly shown in the following steps: too fast sedimentation in water, too fast dissolution, too short decay time and the like. The settlement is fast, the dissolution is fast, and the grouper is not easy to eat; if the decay time is too short, the water quality is easily damaged, so that the groupers are easy to get ill.
Therefore, a compound feed suitable for the garrupa is further researched, the culture cost of the garrupa is reduced, and the growth performance and the muscle nutrient content of the garrupa are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an aquatic feed and an application thereof in grouper feeding, the feed provided by the invention has good stability in water, and the groupers fed with the feed provided by the invention have active feeding, good growth performance and good economic benefit.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
Figure BDA0001380984650000021
in the invention, the vitamins comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.85 part of VA; VB30.17 part; VE 1.04 parts; VK30.13 part; VB10.03 part; VB20.42 part; VB20.42 part; VB60.33 part; VC 1.56 parts; 1.04 parts of nicotinic acid; 1.12 parts of calcium pantothenate; 0.08 part of folic acid; VB120.2 part; 0.22 part of biotin.
In the invention, the mineral comprises the following components in parts by mass: 125 parts of calcium, 100 parts of magnesium, 125 parts of phosphorus, 1 part of copper and 60 parts of iron; 1 part of manganese and 7.5 parts of zinc.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 552.5 parts of fish meal; 90 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 181.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 650 parts of fish meal; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 174 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 357.5 parts of fish meal; 270 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 196.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
In some embodiments, the aquatic feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 162.5 parts of fish meal; 450 parts of soybean protein concentrate; 50.0 parts of casein; 25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder; 211.5 parts of flour; 20.0 parts of cassava flour; 15.0 parts of soybean oil; 15.0 parts of fish oil; 15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste; 10.0 parts of vitamin; 10.0 parts of mineral; 5.0 parts of choline chloride; 10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate; VC phosphate ester 1.0 part.
The protein of the feed provided by the invention is mainly provided by fish meal, soybean protein concentrate and casein. The demand of protein for marine fishes is high, and nowadays, the resource is increasingly in short supply, the price of high-quality protein raw materials such as fish meal is high, and in order to save the culture cost, culturists hope that the feed protein can be more effectively converted into fish protein. However, although vegetable proteins are widely available, the amino acid types are not uniform, and the absorption of fish by anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinin is also inhibited. Therefore, a material that can provide a sufficient protein source to groupers, instead of fish meal, is always a goal sought in the art. The invention uses soybean Protein Concentrate to partially replace fish meal and casein, the Soybean Protein Concentrate (SPC) uses soybean as raw material, through the processing technology of crushing, peeling, leaching, separating, washing, drying and the like, the oil and fat and low molecular soluble non-Protein components (mainly soluble sugar, ash, alcohol soluble Protein, various odor substances and the like) in the soybean are removed, and the soybean Protein product containing more than 65% (dry basis) of Protein (Nx 6.25) is prepared. The feeding result shows that compared with the feed which is not replaced, the replaced feed has higher specific growth rate, higher protein efficiency ratio, lower feed coefficient and moderate fullness, and the crude protein content of the whole fish is obviously improved. The feed provided by the invention improves the growth performance of the groupers on the premise of reducing the cost.
Most of the prepared feeds cannot well attract the groupers to eat, the main reason is poor palatability, and the cuttlefish paste is added into the feeds to improve the palatability of the feeds. The cuttlefish paste is prepared by extracting viscera of natural marine cuttlefish (Loligo chinensis Gray), processing by advanced production process, fermenting, sterilizing, and oven drying. Has strong fishy smell of viscera of cuttlefish (Loligo chinensis Gray). Preferably, the mass part of the cuttlefish paste in the aquatic feed provided by the invention is 15 parts.
The shrimp shell powder is rich in chitin, protein, choline, phospholipid, cholesterol, astaxanthin, astacin and a plurality of beneficial elements such as phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper and the like. Can improve the palatability of the feed, provide good nutrition for fish and promote the growth of groupers. Preferably, in the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the mass part of the shrimp shell powder is 25 parts.
Choline can increase growth rate of some fish, and can also prevent fatty liver, anemia, liver discoloration, liver, intestinal hemorrhage, and kidney hemorrhage, and also can prevent exophthalmos and enlarge abdomen. However, the amount of choline to be added to fish feed is not yet known. Preferably, the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises 5 parts of choline chloride by mass.
The calcium dihydrogen phosphate is a feed additive for supplementing calcium and phosphorus nutrition for livestock, poultry and aquatic animals. Preferably, the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises 10 parts of monocalcium phosphate by mass.
Fish oil is a general term for all oily substances in fish bodies and comprises body oil, liver oil and naphtha. Soybean oil is oil and fat obtained from seeds of soybean of Leguminosae. There are different viewpoints as to whether it is advantageous to add fat to fish feed. The oil in the feed can be used as an energy source for decomposition, or can supplement essential fatty acid to maintain a normal physiological state. However, the amount of fat required by fish is closely related to the species and physiological state of fish, and the type, amount, and ratio of other components in feed. The fish oil and soybean oil are added into the feed provided by the invention, wherein the mass part of the fish oil is 15 parts; the soybean oil accounts for 15 parts by mass. The grouper can keep moderate fullness after being ingested, and the feed coefficient is reduced.
The cassava powder is starch refined from roots of cassava or cassava, and has super strong binding power to feed, so that the feed can be prevented from dispersing in water for 3 hours, animals can be fully guaranteed to eat, the feed utilization is improved, and water pollution is avoided. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the mass part of the cassava powder is 20 parts.
The flour is used as the grain raw material in the aquatic feed, so that the bonding degree of the feed can be further improved while nutrition is provided, and the flour content of the feed can be reduced, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed, reducing waste and improving the production performance of the feed. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the flour accounts for 174-211.5 parts by mass.
The VC phosphate ester is used as an additive, has the functions of increasing the anti-stress capability, improving the immunity of the fish body and enabling the cultured fish body to be healthier, and simultaneously can resist high temperature, so that the feed can still keep higher effective components after being granulated at high temperature. In the aquatic feed provided by the invention, the VC phosphate ester accounts for 1 part by mass.
The preparation method of the aquatic feed provided by the invention comprises the following steps of crushing raw materials, and sieving the crushed raw materials by a 60-mesh sieve; mixing with water, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; then extruding, granulating and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to prepare the aquatic feed; the mass of the water is 50% of the total mass of the raw materials.
Extruding the extruded strips into strips with the diameter of 2.5mm +/-5 mm; the granulation is carried out to prepare granules with the diameter of 2.5mm +/-5 mm. Specifically, the extruded strips are extruded into strips with the diameter of 2.5 mm; the granulation was made into granules with a diameter of 2.5 mm.
The diameter of the feed prepared by the invention is about 2.5mm, and the feed is suitable for the ingestion of grouper.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is used for feeding groupers.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention can provide comprehensive and rich nutrition for the fishes, the feed utilization rate is high, and the growth performance of the bred fishes is good. Besides grouper, the method can also be used for other aquaculture. But is more suitable for the culture of grouper.
The invention also provides a method for feeding groupers, and the groupers are fed with the aquatic feed.
In the method for feeding the groupers, the feeding frequency is 2 times per day and the feeding frequency is 08:00 and 16:00 respectively.
The aquatic feed provided by the invention is prepared from fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, casein, shrimp shell powder, flour, cassava powder, soybean oil, fish oil, cuttlefish paste, vitamins, minerals, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate and VC phosphate. The feed has simple preparation method and low cost of raw materials. The feed provides the required amounts of protein, fat, energy, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrient components and various vitamins and trace elements which are required by the maximum growth of the juvenile grouper according to the nutrition physiology of the juvenile grouper; the feed can well attract the groupers to eat, and the utilization rate of the feed is high; the nutrition is balanced. The grouper is fed by the feed for 6 weeks, the cultured grouper has good growth performance and healthy shape, and the nutrient content in the whole fish and muscles is high.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an aquatic feed and application thereof in grouper feeding, and a person skilled in the art can use the contents for reference and appropriately improve process parameters to realize the purpose. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples 1 to 4
Table 1 examples 1-4 feed formulations
Figure BDA0001380984650000061
Before preparing the feed, all the raw materials are crushed and screened by a 60-mesh screen. All the raw materials are mixed according to the formula of table 1, then about 500kg of water is added, the mixture is rubbed evenly by hand and passes through a 60-mesh screen, and the mixture is put into an F-26 type double-screw extruder (Guangzhou Hua Gongguang optical electro-mechanical technology Co., Ltd.) to be extruded into strips with the diameter of 2.5mm, and then a G-500 type granulator (Guangzhou Hua Gongguang optical electro-mechanical technology Co., Ltd.) is utilized to prepare granulated feed with the diameter of about 2.5 mm. Drying the feed at 60 deg.C for 12 hr, sealing the dried feed with sealing bag, and storing in-20 deg.C refrigerator.
The indexes of the nutrient components of the feed are detected, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 nutritional indices
Group of Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
Crude protein (%) 46.49 46.56 46.12 46.3
Crude fat (%) 9.37 9.63 9.10 9.15
Coarse ash (%) 14.56 15.73 11.85 9.26
Total energy (k cal kg-1) 18.54 18.91 18.94 19.24
ΣEAA(g kg-1) 14.17 14.45 14.72 13.95
ΣNEAA g kg-1) 18.90 18.80 19.78 19.80
Lysine 2.24 2.41 2.20 1.98
Methine 0.63 0.85 0.73 0.49
The results in table 2 show that the feed provided by the invention is rich and balanced in nutrition, wherein the contents of various nutritional ingredients in the feed provided by examples 1 and 2 are more abundant than those in examples 3-4.
The properties of the feed were examined and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 pellet feed Properties
Figure BDA0001380984650000071
Table 3 shows the properties of the feed of example 1, and the properties of the feed produced in the other examples are similar to those of the feed produced in the other examples, but the feed of examples 1 to 2 is significantly superior to those of examples 3 to 4 in palatability.
When the feed of each embodiment is used for feeding the groupers, the retroembryonic development of the groupers is mainly divided into a larval stage, a juvenile stage and a juvenile stage according to the change of yolk sacs, the growth and contraction of long fin spines and the appearance of scales and body color stripes. And (3) during a juvenile fish period: the whole body of the fry is covered with scales in the period, the body forms stripes, and the individual fry is similar to adult fish in shape and habit.
The invention takes the grouper in the juvenile fish stage as an experimental object, and the culture period is 6 weeks. The experiment was carried out in the same water area, 50 fish tails per group, and was raised at 0.5m3The fish is fed for 2 times a day, and the feeding rate is 3-5% of the weight of the fish each day. Each experiment is repeated for three times, the experiment is finished, and the growth performance, the feed utilization rate, the grouper morphological index and the muscle nutrient content are detected, and the results are shown in a table 4:
TABLE 4 growth Performance, feed utilization and morphology indices
Figure BDA0001380984650000072
Figure BDA0001380984650000081
The results show that the grouper fed by the feed provided by the invention is moderate in fatness and body ratio, the feed of the embodiment 1 is remarkably superior to the feed of the embodiments 2-4 in the three aspects of fish body weight increment, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, and p is less than 0.05; the feed coefficient of the feed of the example 1 is obviously lower than that of the examples 2-4, and p is less than 0.05.
TABLE 5 Total Fish and muscle Nutrition ingredients
Figure BDA0001380984650000082
The results show that the grouper fed with the feed provided by the invention is rich in nutrient components, the grouper fed with the feed of the embodiment 1 is high in crude protein content in the muscle, and the feeding effect is not significantly different from that of the feed which takes fish meal and casein as protein sources in the embodiment 2 (p is greater than 0.05), but the crude protein content in the muscle of the grouper fed with the embodiments 1-2 is significantly better than that of the embodiments 3-4 (p is less than 0.05). No significant difference in fat and ash content was seen in the muscle of grouper fed in each example (p > 0.05).
The detection result of the whole fish shows that the crude protein content of the grouper fed in example 1 is obviously higher than that of the grouper fed in examples 2-4, and p is less than 0.05; in terms of fat and ash, the grouper bred in examples 1 and 2 is significantly lower than the grouper bred in examples 3-4, and p is less than 0.05.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The aquatic feed is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
552.5 parts of fish meal;
90.0 parts of soybean protein concentrate;
50.0 parts of casein;
25.0 parts of shrimp shell powder;
181.5 parts of flour;
20.0 parts of cassava flour;
15.0 parts of soybean oil;
15.0 parts of fish oil;
15.0 parts of cuttlefish paste;
10.0 parts of vitamin;
10.0 parts of mineral;
5.0 parts of choline chloride;
10.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate;
1.0 part of VC phosphate;
the vitamins comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.85 part of VA; VB3 0.17 part; VE 1.04 parts; VK3 0.13 part; VB1 0.03 part; VB2 0.42 part; VB2 0.42 part; VB6 0.33 part; VC 1.56 parts; 1.04 parts of nicotinic acid; 1.12 parts of calcium pantothenate; 0.08 part of folic acid; VB12 0.2 part; 0.22 part of biotin;
the mineral comprises the following components in parts by mass: 125 parts of calcium, 100 parts of magnesium, 125 parts of phosphorus, 1 part of copper, 60 parts of iron, 1 part of manganese and 7.5 parts of zinc;
the aquatic feed is used for feeding groupers.
2. A process for the preparation of an aquaculture feed as claimed in claim 1 wherein the raw materials are crushed and passed through a 60 mesh sieve; mixing with water, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve; then extruding, granulating and drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to prepare the aquatic feed; the mass of the water is 50% of the total mass of the raw materials.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the extruded strand is extruded into a strand having a diameter of 2.5mm ± 5 mm; the granulation is carried out to prepare granules with the diameter of 2.5mm +/-5 mm.
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CN101491302A (en) * 2008-01-25 2009-07-29 天津农学院 Special feed for malaber reefcod
CN104509723A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-15 浙江海洋学院 Epinephelus akaara feed and formula thereof
CN106306601A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-11 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 Expanded feed for grouper and processing method of expanded feed

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CN101491302A (en) * 2008-01-25 2009-07-29 天津农学院 Special feed for malaber reefcod
CN104509723A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-15 浙江海洋学院 Epinephelus akaara feed and formula thereof
CN106306601A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-11 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 Expanded feed for grouper and processing method of expanded feed

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