CN103005188B - Mixed feed for middle-sized penaeus vanname - Google Patents
Mixed feed for middle-sized penaeus vanname Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103005188B CN103005188B CN201210520921.1A CN201210520921A CN103005188B CN 103005188 B CN103005188 B CN 103005188B CN 201210520921 A CN201210520921 A CN 201210520921A CN 103005188 B CN103005188 B CN 103005188B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- meal
- fish meal
- feed
- mixed feed
- penaeus vannmei
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- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a mixed feed for middle-sized penaeus vanname. The mixed feed comprises, on the basis of weight percentage, 5 to 10 of imported steamed fish meal, 5 to 10 of imported direct-fired fish meal, 10 to 15 of domestic fish meal, 10 to 20 of dehulled soybean meal, 5 to 15 of peanut meal, 1 to 5 of fermented soybean meal , 1 to 5 of soy protein concentrate, 1 to 5 of fermented cotton meal, 20 to 30 of flour, 2 to 4 of cuttlefish paste, 1 to 2 of fish oil,1 to 3 of lecithin oil, 1.5 to 3 of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 to 0.3 of choline chloride, 0.2 to 0.4 of betaine, 0.1 to 0.2 of composite vitamin, 0.1 to 0.3 of a composite mineral matter, 0.1 to 0.3 of chitin, 0.1 to 0.3 of immune polysaccharide, 0.02 to 0.05 of an anti-oxidant and 0.05 to 0.2 of a mildew inhibitor, totaling a weight percentage of 100. The mixed feed for middle-sized penaeus vanname prepared in the invention is applicable to penaeus vanname with a body length of no less than 3 cm and has the advantages of good palatability, long duration of resistance to water soaking and easiness in digestion; with the mixed feed, a fast growth speed and a high survival rate of penaeus vanname, little feed waste, small water pollution and a low feed coefficient are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a shrimp feed, more relate to the feed formula of Penaeus Vannmei (penaeus vanname) Prawn.
Technical background
Penaeus Vannmei, all one of the three the highest large kinds of prawn ，Shi world shrimps in culture output of receiving of formal name used at school, in former being distributed in, South America, Ya Nan waters, the Pacific Ocean.Because the thin body of its shell is fertile, Fresh & Tender in Texture, nutritious and favored by consumer, cultivation amount increases year by year.Especially after the desalination cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei, broken the restriction of region, cultivation scope is progressively from the coastal inland that expands to, and cultured area increases considerably along with the raising of people's level of consumption.Penaeus Vannmei is for embracing food, and ingest time is long, so be difficult for lost to the requiring resistance to immersion, sink to the bottom of feed, soft and loose, nutriment.And Penaeus Vannmei Prawn (the long 3cm of body and more than) is the fastest period of growing, can overnutrition and waste if re-use juvenile prawn material, cause water pollution, if nutrition does not catch up with demand, can cause again the speed of growth not catch up with, affect economic benefit.And it is main that penaeus vannamei boone feed now mainly adopts animal protein, fish meal especially, less use vegetable protein.The increase of the number of animals raised needs more fish meal, but fish meal resource is limited, even because of overfishing and the marine pollution underproduction on the contrary, so price climbs up and up.White shrimp Prawn feed is the feed of use amount maximum in white shrimp breeding process, accounts for the more than 80% of whole use amounts.If open up applicable vegetable protein Peru Fish Dietary, produce Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed, just the use amount of saving fish meal that can be a large amount of is cost-saving, in fish meal resource is more and more tending towards deficient market competition, obtain first chance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the formula that Prawn feed in a kind of Penaeus Vannmei is provided, wherein use a large amount of vegetable protein Peru Fish Dietaries, and relatively large domestic fish meal replace imported fish meal, the mixed feed of being made by Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula of the present invention, the Penaeus Vannmei that is applicable to the long 3cm of body and grows with upper body, good palatability, the water-fast bubble time is long, digest, the Penaeus Vannmei fast growth of raising, survival rate is high, and feed waste is few, water pollutes little, and feed coefficient is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the percentage by weight of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula each component of the present invention adopts:
Inlet steam fish meal 5-10, the straight fiery fish meal 5-10 of import, domestic fish meal 10-15, dehulled soybean meal 10-20, peanut meal 5-15, fermented bean dregs 1-5, FSPC 1-5, fermentation cotton dregs 1-5, flour 20-30, cuttlefish cream 2-4, fish oil 1-2, phosphatide oil 1-3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5-3, Choline Chloride 0.1-0.3, betaine 0.2-0.4, B B-complex 0.1-0.2, composite mineral matter 0.1-0.3, plain 0.1-0.3 shells, immune polysaccharide 0.1-0.3, antioxidant 0.02-0.05, mould inhibitor 0.05-0.2, above each component percentage by weight sum is 100.
in formula:
Fish meal is the protein feed raw material of high-quality, amino acid Compositional balance, and good palatability, absorption easy to digest, is the essential protein sources of aquatic feeds.
1, inlet steam fish meal: generally come from the natural fishing ground of Peru's high-quality, the fish meal that whole piece fish is made through boiling, squeezing, steam drying, light grey, has the natural fragrance of fish meal, fluffy, is thread, and freshness is good, being of high quality of protein.
2, the straight fiery fish meal of import: generally come from the natural fishing ground of Peru's high-quality, whole piece fish is dried the fish meal of making, color belt brown through boiling, heated dry air, the smell of burning slightly in fish meal natural flavor, the quality of protein is better, poorer than inlet steam quality of fishmeal, and it is larger that price also differs.
3, domestic fish meal: domestic fish meal is mainly from China Shandong, Zhoushan and other places, the fish meal that whole piece fish, small fish or leftover bits and pieces are directly dried after boiling.Of poor quality because of raw material, quality is also poor compared with inlet steam fish meal and the straight fiery fish meal of import, and price is also compared and is differed greatly.But because of the resting period short, freshness is good, good to the attractant of Penaeus Vannmei.
4, dehulled soybean meal is the byproduct of soybean after peeling, squeezing, lixiviate, it is the protein raw materials of high-quality the most in vegetable protein, good palatability, in special aquatic products feed, with vegetable protein, replace animal protein, in order to joint, reduce costs, and because of peeling, digestic property is better, and the outward appearance of feed is brighter and cleaner.
5, peanut meal, peanut through shelling, the accessory substance after squeezing, lixiviate peanut oil, fine to Penaeus Vannmei palatability, but the prohibitive amount because lysine content is few, but arginic content is high, use with fish meal, dregs of beans collocation, play good complementation, become the good protein sources that substitutes animal protein.
6, fermented bean dregs, to utilize the solid-fermented technique that modern biological project fermented bacterium technology is traditional with China to combine, take dehulled soybean meal as primary raw material, microbe inoculation, the ANFs in dregs of beans is eliminated in fermentation by microorganism to greatest extent, degrading soybean protein is the little peptide protein sources of high-quality effectively, and can produce probio, oligopeptides, glutamic acid, lactic acid, vitamin, UGF isoreactivity material, there is raising palatability, improving nutrient digestion absorbs, promote the functions such as growth, the test of Jing Wo company, in aquatic feeds, a small amount of Peru Fish Dietary has good effect.Fermentation cotton dregs are exactly the novel protein feed that utilizes microorganism fermentation, zymolysis technique exploitation to form.Take cotton dregs as primary raw material, adopt the homogeneous mixture after many strain combined fermentations, liquid-spawn inoculation fermentation, mixing, oven dry, pulverizing.Fermentation cotton dregs are the novel protein feeds that utilize microorganism fermentation, zymolysis technique exploitation to form.Take cotton dregs as primary raw material, adopt the homogeneous mixture after many strain combined fermentations, liquid-spawn inoculation fermentation, mixing, oven dry, pulverizing, can improve protein, energy, mineral matter utilization rate reduction feed formula cost.
7, FSPC, to remove after water-soluble or the non-protein part of alcohol dissolubility with high-quality dregs of beans, the prepared 65%(butt that contains) soy protein products of above protein, there is high gelation, emulsibility or polymolecularity, stability in the outward appearance of feed and water is had to good effect, various amino acid contents are extremely abundant, digestibility is high, ANFs is extremely low, palatability, high and the Compositional balance of amino acid content is the plant material of good a small amount of Peru Fish Dietary through test.
8, flour is most important energy source, and plays the effect of adhesive, has good glutinous viscosity after high temperature gelatinization, having to pass and acting on containing powder rate, pulverization rate, water stability for feed.
9, phosphatide oil, for the thick material of yellow color, it is the byproduct when producing soybean oil and coming unstuck, through vacuum drying, prepared product decolours, Main Ingredients and Appearance is: lecithin, cephalin and lipositol, soya-bean oil etc., being widely used in food and medicine field, is one of white shrimp feed nutrition hardening agent.And to producing the lubrication of machine, be conducive to granulate.
10, cuttlefish cream is to be raw material with cuttlefish fish and internal organ thereof, treated, the lotion that fermentation, sterilization post-drying are made, has strong food calling effect to white shrimp, improves palatability and the utilization rate of feed, the steroid shell stimulin being rich in, effectively promoting shellfish shell, containing abundant protein and amino acid Compositional balance, is the protein sources of high-quality, but because price is high and cadmium content often exceeds standard, limiting its consumption, is also one of necessary raw material.
11, fish oil composition is mainly triglyceride, phosphorus glycerin ether, lipoid, liposoluble vitamin and protein degradation thing etc., is one of anakinetomer, provide energy and necessary aliphatic acid, and fishlike smell has good food calling effect to white shrimp in feed.
12, calcium dihydrogen phosphate is to provide phosphorus and calcium for Penaeus Vannmei Prawn.
13, Choline Chloride, is that human body maintains the necessary molecular compound of physiological function, plays and regulates fat metabolism and conversion, the fat deposition in prevention fatty liver and kidney and the effect of structural transformation.
14, betaine, has strong food calling effect to southern white shrimp, to fatty metabolism, maintain the function of liver, the shelling of prawn, improve survival rate and vigor has great role.
15, shelling element is to promote that Penaeus Vannmei shells in time, promotes growth.
16, B B-complex and composite mineral matter are that body carries out the necessary nutriment of normal physiological metabolism.
17, antioxidant and mould inhibitor are in production and processing and storage process, to be oxidized, to go mouldy for preventing or slowing down feed.
In described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, the B B-complex content of per kilogram can adopt: vitamin A 8,000,000 IU, vitamin D
32000000 IU, vitamin E 55g, vitamin K
312g, Cobastab
15g, Cobastab
215g, Cobastab
610g, Cobastab
1220mg, biotin 80mg, nicotinic acid 40g, calcium pantothenate 25g, folic acid 2.5g, inositol 150g, VC monophosphate fat 300g, antioxidant 150g, anti-caking agent 150g, the rest is defatted rice bran.
In described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, the composite mineral matter content of per kilogram can adopt: described composite mineral matter is the intermixture of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, cobalt, iodine, selenium.In every kilogram of composite mineral matter: calcium 40g, phosphorus 30g, potassium 90g, magnesium 12g, iron 1g, zinc 10g, copper 3g, cobalt 160mg, iodine 60mg, selenium 3.5mg, the rest is carrier zeolite powder.
In described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, require inlet steam fish meal thick protein to reach more than 65%, the straight fiery fish meal thick protein of import reaches more than 65%, domestic fish meal thick protein reaches more than 60%, dehulled soybean meal thick protein reaches more than 45%, shelling element can adopt cholesterol, and antioxidant can adopt dibutyl hydroxy toluene or butylated hydroxy anisole, and mould inhibitor can adopt Sodium Benzoate or sodium sorbate.Anti-caking agent can adopt silica.
In described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, immune polysaccharide adopts the privilege king of province academy of agricultural sciences, Guangzhou herding research institute, is beta glucan, manna oligosacchride FOS, the mixture of oligoisomaltose etc.
In described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, betaine adopts the betaine of 30% content of Beijing challenge group production.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of percentage by weight of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula optimum formula each component adopts:
Inlet steam fish meal 6.2, the straight fiery fish meal 9 of import, domestic fish meal 12, dehulled soybean meal 20, peanut meal 12.5, fermented bean dregs 2.2, FSPC 2.3, fermentation cotton dregs 2, flour 25.3, cuttlefish cream 2, fish oil 1, phosphatide oil 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5, Choline Chloride 0.18, betaine 0.2, B B-complex 0.1, composite mineral matter 0.2, shelling element 0.1, immune polysaccharide 0.1, antioxidant 0.02, mould inhibitor 0.1.
Above-mentioned component precentagewise is taken, after fully mixing, carry out ultramicro grinding, require 80% by 80 mesh standard sieves, after modified, compression is granulation into 1.3mm particle diameter, and the feed granules that length is 1.5-2mm, can feed Penaeus Vannmei Prawn.
Embodiment 2:
The percentage by weight of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula each component of the present invention can adopt:
Inlet steam fish meal 10, the straight fiery fish meal 6 of import, domestic fish meal 11.2, dehulled soybean meal 15, peanut meal 10.6, fermented bean dregs 4, FSPC 4, fermentation cotton dregs 3, flour 26.1, cuttlefish cream 3, fish oil 1.5, phosphatide oil 2, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, Choline Chloride 0.1, betaine 0.4, B B-complex 0.2, composite mineral matter 0.26, shelling element 0.2, immune polysaccharide 0.2, antioxidant 0.04, mould inhibitor 0.2.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
The percentage by weight of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula each component of the present invention can adopt:
Inlet steam fish meal 8, the straight fiery fish meal 8 of import, domestic fish meal 15, dregs of beans 18, peanut meal 8, fermented bean dregs 3, FSPC 3.5, fermentation cotton dregs 3, flour 22, cuttlefish cream 4, fish oil 2, phosphatide oil 1.5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5, Choline Chloride 0.2, betaine 0.3, B B-complex 0.16, composite mineral matter 0.14, shelling element 0.2, immune polysaccharide 0.27, antioxidant 0.03, mould inhibitor 0.2.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Utilize above-mentioned feed formula, to Penaeus Vannmei, adopt the method for being satiated with food to throw something and feed, with white shrimp (average weight 2.15g/ tail), be divided into test group and control group (employing conventional feed), feeding volume every day (kilogram/ten thousand tails): 0.25-2.20, the number of times of throwing something and feeding day: 4 times, feed 4 weeks.Test group and control group prawn average weight reach respectively 5.83g/ tail and 3.82g/ tail, and test group prawn average weight is higher than control group 2.01 g/ tails, and experimental group growth result is better than control group.
The mixed feed of being made by Penaeus Vannmei Prawn compound feed prescription of the present invention, in Jiangsu, the place such as Zhejiang, Shanghai is through applying, to Penaeus Vannmei good palatability, the water-fast bubble time is long, digests the Penaeus Vannmei fast growth of raising, survival rate is high, feed waste is few, and water pollutes little, and feed coefficient is low.
Claims (4)
1. a Penaeus Vannmei Prawn mixed feed, is characterized in that the percentage by weight of mixed feed each component is: inlet steam fish meal 6.2, the straight fiery fish meal 9 of import, domestic fish meal 12, dehulled soybean meal 20, peanut meal 12.5, fermented bean dregs 2.2, FSPC 2.3, fermentation cotton dregs 2, flour 25.3, cuttlefish cream 2, fish oil 1, phosphatide oil 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5, Choline Chloride 0.18, betaine 0.2, B B-complex 0.1, composite mineral matter 0.2, shelling element 0.1, immune polysaccharide 0.1, antioxidant 0.02, mould inhibitor 0.1.
2. a kind of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn mixed feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the B B-complex content of per kilogram in described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula adopts: vitamin A 8,000,000 IU, vitamin D
32000000 IU, vitamin E 55g, vitamin K
312g, Cobastab
15g, Cobastab
215g, Cobastab
610g, Cobastab
1220mg, biotin 80mg, nicotinic acid 40g, calcium pantothenate 25g, folic acid 2.5g, inositol 150g, VC monophosphate fat 300g, antioxidant 150g, anti-caking agent 150g, the rest is defatted rice bran.
3. a kind of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn mixed feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in every kilogram of composite mineral matter: calcium 40g, and phosphorus 30g, potassium 90g, magnesium 12g, iron 1g, zinc 10g, copper 3g, cobalt 160mg, iodine 60mg, selenium 3.5mg, the rest is carrier zeolite powder.
4. a kind of Penaeus Vannmei Prawn mixed feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described Penaeus Vannmei Prawn feed formula, inlet steam fish meal thick protein reaches more than 65%, the straight fiery fish meal thick protein of import reaches more than 65%, domestic fish meal thick protein reaches more than 60%, and dehulled soybean meal thick protein reaches more than 45%.
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| CN103431227B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-04-29 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Mid-term cultivation compound feed for penaeus vanmamei |
| CN103478446B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-02-18 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Compound feed used in penaeus vannamei farming earlier stage |
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| CN110338311A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 | Penaeus Vannmei post larval growth promotion mixed feed |
| CN115736094A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-07 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Trachinotus ovatus feed adopting fermented cottonseed meal as well as preparation method and application of Trachinotus ovatus feed |
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