A kind of feed addictive that promotes that prawn casts off a skin
Technical field
The present invention relates to the feeding additive aquatic animal field, be specifically related to a kind of feed addictive that promotes that prawn casts off a skin.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei, formal name used at school Litopenaeus vannamei originates in waters, pacific rim, America, and Peru the north to the Gulf of Mexico that mainly distributes is littoral, and is the most concentrated with the littoral distribution of Ecuador.Penaeus Vannmei has advantages such as individuality is big, shell approaches body fertilizer, delicious meat, contain meat rate height, nutritious growth is fast, nutritional need is low, premunition is strong; Adaptive capacity to the water environment factor variations is stronger;, dressing percentage low to the forage protein content requirement up to more than 65%, advantage such as the dried up time-to-live is long; Being the improved seeds of intensification high yielding culture, also is the highest shrimp species of single rate in the present three big cultured prawns in the world.
Support in the shrimp proverb and have " support shrimp want success, crucial protect liver, liver decreases then diease occurrence " saying, explain the protection liver importance and and the disease generation between relation.The prawn liver is bearing huge function of detoxification, promptly transforms decomposition to the various noxious materials in the body.When Penaeus Vannmei gets into the stage of growth fast; Various harmful bacterias in the shrimp pool, when organic pollution is more and more; The prawn liver receives infringement in various degree and when infecting, and enlargement, rubescent, pathology such as bleach will take place the liver of shrimp, form the prawn liver diseases.Penaeus Vannmei hepatonecrosis disease often at high temperature season and breed middle and later periods (after 30 days) pilosity, also has generation during normal temperature.This disease produces main cause to be had: prawn pond water temperature is high between the megathermal period, and the prawn growth is fast, and it is many to eat feed, causes in the pool organic matter accumulation too much, and germ reproduction is fast, and prawn liver load is heavier; Water quality index (pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc.) exceeds standard, feed is mouldy or be added with forbidden drug, long-time heavy dose of some nonstandard medicines of use etc. all can cause the liver poisoning; The prawn liver receives harmful bacterium infringement and infection in various degree, finally causes the liver morbidity.If the raiser finds untimely, when the prawn hepatic disease is serious, generally heal than refractory, suffer heavy losses.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above; The purpose of this invention is to provide the feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn casts off a skin, can effectively improve prawn immunity, promote that effectively prawn casts off a skin; Promote growth to reach, improve the effect of resistance, survival rate and raising raiser economic worth.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention taked is following:
The feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn casts off a skin comprises following component: sugared source raw material, fatty raw material, amino acid complex, vitamin compound, mineral salt compound, compound Chinese medicinal preparation, premix material additive.
The feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn of the present invention casts off a skin, its nutritional labeling are formed: crude protein 10-25, crude fat 6-10, total reducing sugar 15-35%, crude fibre 5-30, moisture 7-15%.
Preferably; Described sugared source raw material is wheat flour, sucrose, glucose or its mixture; Fat source is fish oil, phosphatide oil or its mixture, and amino acid complex is one or more in lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, histidine and the arginine.
Preferably, in air dry matter amount percentage, comprising: flour 12-25%, sucrose 5-10%; Glucose 2-6%, the 2-6% of refined fish oil, phosphatide oil 1-5%; Ispol 5-8%, shrimp shell meal 2-5%, B B-complex 10-15%; Composite mineral matter 10-15%, compound Chinese medicinal preparation 10-12%, premix material additive 12%; The percentage by weight sum of above-mentioned each component is 100%.
Preferably, described compound Chinese medicinal preparation is mixed 30% the Radix Astragali, 15% honeysuckle, 15% matrimony vine, 20% rhizoma alismatis, 10% Radix Glycyrrhizae, 10% Radix Codonopsis and is crossed 200 mesh sieves through ultramicro grinding and be prepared from.
Preferably, described 12% premix material additive is a betaine 2%, anti-oxidant 0. 2%, mould inhibitor 0.5%, adhesive 1, Choline Chloride 2%, l-cn 2%, fly maggot powder 1%, yeast extract 2%, premix 1.3%.
Per kilogram vitamin compound content in the feed addictive prescription that said effective promotion prawn casts off a skin is: vitamin A 8,000,000 IU, cholecalciferol 2,000,000 IU, vitamin E 100g, prokeyvit 12g; Vitamin B1,5 g, vitamin B2 15g, vitamin B6 10g; Cobalamin 20mg, biotin 80mg, nicotinic acid 40g, calcium pantothenate 25g; Folic acid 2. 5g, inositol 150g, the single phosphoric acid fat of VC 300g the rest is defatted rice bran.
Content in the per kilogram mineral complex in the feed addictive prescription that said effective promotion prawn casts off a skin: calcium 6g, phosphorus 8g, potassium 90g, magnesium 120g, iron 10g, zinc 100g, copper 30g, cobalt 1.6g, iodine 600mg, selenium (selenium methionine) 100mg the rest is zeolite powder.
Said anti-oxidant can adopt dibutyl through basic toluene or ethoxyquinoline or both compounds.
Said mould inhibitor can adopt Sodium Benzoate or formic acid or both compounds.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, owing to added multiple lipotropic factor active ingredients such as betaine, l-cn, yeast extract in the feed addictive that the present invention effectively promotes prawn to cast off a skin; Show through experiment; Feeding Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention can effectively prevent fatty infiltration, and once strong liver function improves the disappearance absorbability; Improve food utilization efficiency, promote the healthy growth of prawn;
Owing to added multiple food calling active ingredient such as ispol in the feed addictive that the present invention effectively promotes prawn to cast off a skin, show that 2, the present invention is the Penaeus Vannmei efficient of ingesting effectively through experiment; Reduce the waste in the water; Thereby reduced water pollution, made amino acid balance more in the feed simultaneously, met the amino acid nutrient demand of Penaeus Vannmei more; Effectively promote prawn to synthesize the body protein of self, reduced the discharging of nitrogen;
3, owing to adding fly maggot powder and Chinese herbal compound preparation in this feed, the Penaeus Vannmei of this feed of feeding, premunition is strong, and survival rate is high, and culture benefit is remarkable;
4, the addition of the present invention in the Penaeus Vannmei feed is merely 1-2%, directly add before the feed granulating or before the finished product siccative uses, add the water spice also can, easy to use, be convenient to promote;
5, because the equal steady sources of employed raw material is cheap, meet national feed addictive and use standard, meet the state's laws rules, can not produce harmful effect to the nutritive value and the food security of Penaeus Vannmei.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
The feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn casts off a skin in air dry matter amount percentage, comprises following component: flour 20%, sucrose 8%; Glucose 5%, refined fish oil 4%, phosphatide oil 4%; Ispol 7%, shrimp shell meal 3%, B B-complex 15%; Composite mineral matter 10%, compound Chinese medicinal preparation 12%, premix material additive 12%.
Contain crude protein 18% in the present embodiment, crude fat 8%, total reducing sugar 25%, crude fibre 25, moisture 12%, composition proportion is reasonable.
In sluice gate cultivation base, Zhuhai, Guangdong, experimental group adopts present embodiment according to 1.5% addition, with the control group contrast test; Raise first starting weight and be 0.27 gram Penaeus Vannmei (3 mu on every mouthful of pool, every mu 50,000 tail, experimental group and control group totally 8 mouthfuls of pools; 1,200,000 tails) 70 days; Adopt the Penaeus Vannmei that adds the present embodiment feed, survival rate (97.2%) is higher by 14% than control group (85.2%), and feed coefficient (1.02) is more lower slightly than control group (1.09); Protein efficiency ratio, PER (2.18) is then than control group (2.05) height, and the specification of identical fate (70 days) prawn reaches the every tail of average weight 15.6 grams (control group has only 14.8 grams).Because the big selling price of specification exceeds 0.5 yuan of shrimp per jin, total culture benefit is earned 90 yuan than every mu of control group more.
The control group feed is the following component that contains air-dry mass percent: fish meal 30%, dregs of beans 23%, shrimp shell meal 3%, peanut press pulp 10%, cotton dregs 4%, the dish dregs of rice 4%, wheat flour 20%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, all the other additives 2%.
Embodiment 2
The feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn casts off a skin in air dry matter amount percentage, comprises following component: flour 18%, sucrose 9%; Glucose 6%, refined fish oil 4%, phosphatide oil 4%; Ispol 7%, shrimp shell meal 3%, B B-complex 15%; Composite mineral matter 10%, compound Chinese medicinal preparation 12%, premix material additive 12%.
Contain crude protein 18% in the present embodiment, crude fat 8%, total reducing sugar 25%, crude fibre 25, moisture 12%, composition proportion is reasonable.
In the Xiaoshan, Zhejiang cultivation base, adopt present embodiment and control group contrast test, raise first starting weight and be 0.36 Penaeus Vannmei (4 mu on every mouthful of pool of restraining; Every mu 50,000 tail; Experimental group and control group be totally 8 mouthfuls of pools, 1,600,000 tails) 74 days, adopt the Penaeus Vannmei that adds the present embodiment feed; Survival rate (96.2%) is higher by 14% than control group (84.2%); Feed coefficient (1.04) is more lower slightly than control group (1.11), and protein efficiency ratio, PER (2.28) is then than control group (2.15) height, and the specification of identical fate (74 days) prawn reaches the every tail of average weight 15.9 grams (control group has only 14.7 grams).Because the big selling price of specification exceeds 0.5 yuan of shrimp per jin, total culture benefit is earned 100 yuan than every mu of control group more.
The control group feed is the following component that contains air-dry mass percent: fish meal 30%, dregs of beans 23%, shrimp shell meal 3%, peanut press pulp 10%, cotton dregs 4%, the dish dregs of rice 4%, wheat flour 20%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, all the other additives 2%.
Embodiment 3
The feed addictive that a kind of effective promotion prawn casts off a skin in air dry matter amount percentage, comprises following component: flour 17%, sucrose 10%; Glucose 6%, refined fish oil 5%, phosphatide oil 4%; Ispol 7%, shrimp shell meal 3%, B B-complex 15%; Composite mineral matter 10%, compound Chinese medicinal preparation 12%, premix material additive 12%.
Contain crude protein 18.5% in the present embodiment, crude fat 8.8%, total reducing sugar 24%, crude fibre 24, moisture 12%, composition proportion is reasonable.
In cultivation base, Wenchang, Hainan, adopt present embodiment and control group contrast test, raise first starting weight and be 0.42 Penaeus Vannmei (5 mu on every mouthful of pool of restraining; Every mu 60,000 tail; Experimental group and control group be totally 10 mouthfuls of pools, 3,000,000 tails) 68 days, adopt the Penaeus Vannmei that adds the present embodiment feed; Survival rate (96.2%) is higher by 14% than control group (84.2%); Feed coefficient (1.09) even also more lower slightly than control group (1.10), protein efficiency ratio, PER (2.34) are then than control group (2.25) height, and the specification of identical fate (68 days) prawn reaches the every tail of average weight 17.3 grams (control group has only 16.8 grams).Because feed cost is more per ton than 54 yuan of control group reductions, the big selling price of specification exceeds 0.45 yuan of shrimp per jin, and total culture benefit is earned 110 yuan than every mu of control group more.
The control group feed is the following component that contains air-dry mass percent: fish meal 30%, dregs of beans 23%, shrimp shell meal 3%, peanut press pulp 10%, cotton dregs 4%, the dish dregs of rice 4%, wheat flour 20%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, all the other additives 2%.