CN101462386B - 涂层切削刀具和制造涂层切削刀具的方法 - Google Patents

涂层切削刀具和制造涂层切削刀具的方法 Download PDF

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CN101462386B
CN101462386B CN2008101884057A CN200810188405A CN101462386B CN 101462386 B CN101462386 B CN 101462386B CN 2008101884057 A CN2008101884057 A CN 2008101884057A CN 200810188405 A CN200810188405 A CN 200810188405A CN 101462386 B CN101462386 B CN 101462386B
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托里尔·米尔特韦特
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具包括具有涂层的基体，该涂层包括置于至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统之间的金属中间层，其中所述金属中间层包括至少60at％的金属元素，所述金属元素从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr，或它们的混合物中的一种或者多种中选择，并且其中所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统是氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合中的一种或者多种，并且其中所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统的厚度是金属中间层的厚度的3到200倍。与金属中间层交替的非金属功能层或者层系统的数目至少为3。本发明还涉及一种制造根据本发明的切削刀具的方法。根据本发明的切削刀具将具有增加的刀具寿命。

Description

涂层切削刀具和制造涂层切削刀具的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具在两个非金属功能层或者层系统之间包括一个或者多个金属中间层。根据本发明的切削刀具由于韧度增加将展示出优良的寿命，因此显示出承受负载变化的更好能力。另外，本发明便于沉积较厚的PVD的涂层而没有沿着刃线剥落的风险，因此能够沉积具有更好的抗后刀面磨损性的较厚的涂层。涂层的更高韧度性质有助于甚至在锐利或者研磨刀刃上的适度厚的涂层。
背景技术
通常，如果将涂层沉积到切削刀具的表面上，则所述切削刀具的寿命显著地增加。今天的大多数切削刀具均涂覆有PVD或者CVD涂层如Ti(C，N)、TiN、(Ti，Al)N、(Ti，Si)N、(Al，Cr)N或者Al2O3。与CVD涂层相比，PVD涂层具有几种吸引人的性质，例如在沉积状态中更加精细的颗粒涂层和压缩应力，这给出更好的容忍负载变化的能力。然而，PVD涂层通常必须非常薄，这是因为自然地、通常围绕刃线、或者在加工期间，较厚的PVD涂层会引起剥落、碎裂、所谓的刃线剥落和崩刃。
在剥落发生之前能够在刀具上沉积的最大涂层厚度依赖于刀刃半径ER。具有小ER的锐利刀刃以及研磨刀刃特别地易于沿着刃线发生剥落和崩刃，并且因此通常沉积薄的涂层。然而，如果刃线能够保持完好，则稍微较厚的涂层将是优选的，这是因为较厚的涂层在大多数情形将由于更好的耐磨性而产生延长的刀具寿命。
利用PVD技术沉积金属层是在PVD工艺中已被确定的技术。为人熟知的是，在沉积其余涂层之前将金属层直接地沉积到基体表面上能够加强涂层的粘附力。
并且曾经很少作出对在非金属层之间沉积金属层的尝试。
US2002/0102400A描述了一种包括交替的金属层和陶瓷层的耐磨涂层。该涂层将具有带有低的微观韧性的精细颗粒表面。该涂层优选地被沉积到钢、钛或者碳化物(例如TiC)的基体上，但是优选地被沉积到钢的基体上。基体优选地为牙科刀具、外科刀具或者切削刀具的形式。在该实例中，钢制刮牙器具有所述涂层。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具具有即使在锐利几何形状和研磨刀刃上也不易于剥落、碎裂、所谓的刃线剥落和崩刃的PVD涂层，因此获得具有增加的刀具寿命的刀具。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具具有锐利的未涂覆刀刃半径ER和厚的PVD涂层，而不存在刃线剥落、碎裂、崩刃等风险，因此获得具有增加的刀具寿命的刀具。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具带有改进的抗后刀面磨损性。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种制造具有以上所披露的益处的涂层切削刀具的方法。
已经令人惊讶地发现，通过提供一种包括置于两个非金属功能层或者层系统之间的金属中间层的涂层切削刀具，能够实现以上目的。
附图说明
图1示出刀片的刀刃的抛光横截面。分别绘出平行于和垂直于支撑面的两条线。从这两条线上找到两个参考点，我们从此进一步找到中心。ER现在被定义为在从中心到刀刃的五个不同角度的平均距离。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具包括具有涂层的硬质合金、金属陶瓷、陶瓷、立方氮化硼、或者高速钢的基体，该涂层包括置于至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统之间的金属中间层，其由
-所述金属中间层包括至少60at％的金属元素，从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr中的一种或者多种中选择所述金属元素，并且
-其中所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统是氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合中的一种或者多种。
所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统的厚度是金属中间层的厚度的3到200倍。与金属中间层交替的非金属功能层或者层系统为数目至少为3，优选地在3和20之间、更加优选地在3和15之间、并且最优选地在3到8之间的非金属功能层或者层系统。
金属中间层在这里指的是包括至少60at％、优选地至少70at％、更加优选地至少80at％、并且最优选地至少90at％的金属元素的层，从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr中的一种或多种中选择所述金属元素。
金属中间层还可以包括少量的其它元素，但是所述量处于相应于技术意义上的杂质的水平上，因此不会显著地影响层的延展性。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述金属中间层是纯金属层，其中从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr，优选地从Ti、Mo、Cr、Al、V、Ta和Zr，最优选地从Ti、Al、Zr和Cr，或者它们的混合物中选择所述金属，其中这些元素中的一种构成纯金属层的至少50at％。
在本发明的另一实施例中，金属中间层是亚化学计量陶瓷，优选地是氮化物、氧化物、碳化物、或者硼化物，更加优选地是氮化物MeN，其中Me是金属，所述金属可以是如上所述在纯金属中间层的情形中所包括的金属中的一种或多种金属。金属元素的量为亚化学计量陶瓷的至少60at％、优选地至少70at％、更加优选地至少80at％、并且最优选地至少90at％。
金属中间层的平均厚度可为从5到500nm、优选地从10到200nm、并且最优选地从20到70nm。
在这里给出的所有厚度均指在位于从目标的直接视线中的适度平坦表面上执行的测量。关于在沉积期间被安装于杆上的刀片，它指的是已经在后刀面侧的中间测量的厚度。关于诸如在例如钻和端铣刀上的那些不规则的表面，在这里给出的厚度指的是在任何适度平坦表面或者具有较大曲率并且距任何刀刃或者角部一定距离的表面上测量的厚度。例如，在钻上，在周边上执行测量，并且在端铣刀上，在后刀面侧上执行测量。
非金属功能层或者层系统能够具有任何适用于切削刀具的组分，例如氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物、或者它们的组合。优选地该涂层包括(Al，Ti)N，TiN，(Al，Cr)N，CrN，ZrN，Ti(B，N)，TiB2，(Zr，Al)N，(Ti，X)N，Al、Zr和Cr中的一种或者多种的氧化物，更加优选地(Al，Ti)N、Ti(B，N)、(Ti，X)N中的一种或者多种构成的、并且最优选地为(Al，Ti)N构成的一个或者多个层，X可以是Si、Ta、V、Y、Cr、Nb和Zr中的一种或者多种。
根据本发明的非金属功能层或者层系统能够具有在涂层切削刀具领域中常见的任何涂层结构。
在之间设置金属中间层的所述至少两个层或者层系统在结构和组分上能够是彼此相同的或者不同的。层系统在这里指的是在彼此的顶部上所沉积的至少两个层，而之间不存在任何金属中间层。这种层系统的一个实例是包括至少5个单独层的多层结构。然而，这种多层式结构能够包括多达几千个单独层。
非金属功能层或者层系统的平均厚度能够是0.3-5μm、优选地0.3-2μm、最优选地0.4-1.5μm。
非金属层或者层系统显著地比金属中间层厚，非金属层或者层系统的厚度优选地是金属中间层的厚度的3-200倍、更加优选地5-150倍、最优选地10-100倍。
包括金属层和非金属层或者层系统这两者的整个涂层的厚度能够为从0.6到15μm、优选地为从1到10μm、并且最优选地为从2到9μm。
适用于本发明的基体优选地为切削刀具刀片或者圆形刀具，比如钻、端铣刀等。基体优选地由硬质合金、金属陶瓷、陶瓷、立方氮化硼、或者高速钢中的任何一种制成，更加优选地由硬质合金制成。硬质合金在这里指的是主要包括碳化钨和作为粘结相的钴的基体。基体能够被预涂覆有内层，该内层被直接地沉积到基体上以保证与基体的良好粘附力，该内层包括纯金属和/或氮化物，优选地为Ti和/或TiN，所述层为0.02-0.5μm厚、优选地为0.05-0.1μm厚。
刀片的刀刃通常显示出被称为刀刃半径ER的弧形。能够从垂直于切削刃截取的刀片的抛光横截面测量ER。通过绘制平行于刀片支撑面的线和垂直于第一条线的另一条线而限定ER。刀片形状相切或者偏离这些直线所处的两个点被称为参考点(RP1和RP2)。从这两个参考点，平行于所述两条第一线绘制另两条线(L1和L2)。通过参考点的两条线的交点被称为中心(C)。在0、22.5、45、67.5和90度(R1、R2...R5)测量从中心到刀刃的距离并且计算平均值，给出ER。在图1中示出所述过程。关于刀刃在前刀面侧处具有平台或者当刀刃被研磨时的情形，如例如在整体钻或者端铣刀上的这种情形，ER被定义为圆的半径，所述的圆具有位于两个被研磨表面之间或者被研磨表面和后刀面侧之间的平分线上的中心，并且使用最小二乘法将ER拟合到圆弧。
在本发明的一个实施例中，涂层的厚度是刀刃半径ER的至少10％、优选地大于15％、最优选地大于20％，但是小于刀刃半径ER的45％、优选地小于40％、并且最优选地小于35％。
在本发明的一个实施例中，基体是具有小于35μm的未涂覆ER的切削刀具刀片，并且涂层厚度从6到11μm。
在本发明的另一实施例中，基体是具有小于20μm的未涂覆ER的切削刀具刀片，并且涂层厚度从4到7μm。
在本发明的另一实施例中，基体是具有小于1 5μm的未涂覆ER的钻或者端铣刀，并且涂层厚度从2到5μm。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述至少两个非金属层或者层系统是(Ti，Al)N并且具有在0.5到2μm之间的厚度，并且薄金属中间层是厚度优选地在20到50nm之间的Ti。
在本发明的一个实施例中，金属中间层是Ti和Al的合金。
在本发明的又一个实施例中，金属中间层是Al和Cr的合金。
本发明还涉及一种制造根据上述的涂层切削刀具的方法。该方法包括提供基体、利用涂覆工艺涂覆所述基体的步骤，所述涂覆工艺包括以下步骤：
a).沉积至少一个非金属功能层或者层系统，
b).沉积至少一个金属中间层，
c).在所述金属中间层上沉积至少一个非金属功能层或者层系统，
如上所述的步骤b)和c)被重复至少1次、优选地在1和14次之间、更加优选地在1和9次之间、并且最优选地在1和7次之间，直至所期望的总涂层厚度得以达到。
金属中间层在这里指的是包括至少60at％、优选地至少70at％、更加优选地至少80at％、并且最优选地至少90at％的金属元素的层，从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr中的一种或多种中选择所述金属元素。
优选地通过将气氛从反应气体改变为惰性气体，例如He、Ar、Kr、Xe或者这些气体的组合，而在与功能层相同的涂覆序列中沉积金属中间层。
在本发明的一个实施例中，金属中间层是纯金属层，其中从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr，优选地从Ti、Mo、Cr、Al、V、Ta和Zr，最优选地从Ti、Al、Zr和Cr，或者从它们的混合物中选择所述金属，其中这些元素中的一种构成纯金属层的至少50at％。
在本发明的另一实施例中，金属中间层是亚化学计量陶瓷，优选地是氮化物、氧化物、碳化物、或者硼化物，更加优选地是氮化物MeN，其中Me是金属，所述金属可以是如上所述在纯金属中间层的情形中所包括的金属或者它们的混合物中的一种或多种金属。金属元素的量为亚化学计量陶瓷的至少60at％、优选地至少70at％、更加优选地至少80at％、并且最优选地至少90at％。
金属中间层的平均厚度优选地为从5nm到500nm、更加优选地从10nm到200nm、并且最优选地从20nm到70nm。
根据本发明的非金属功能层或者层系统能够具有任何适用于切削刀具的组分，比如氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合。优选地该涂层包括(Al，Ti)N，TiN，(Al，Cr)N，CrN，ZrN，Ti(B，N)，TiB2，(Zr，Al)N，(Ti，X)N，Al、Zr和Cr中的一种或者多种的氧化物，更加优选地(Al，Ti)N、Ti(B，N)、(Ti，X)N中的一种或者多种构成的、并且最优选地为(Al，Ti)N构成的一个或者多个层，其中X可以是Si、Ta、V、Y、Cr、Nb和Zr中的一种或者多种。
根据本发明的非金属功能层或者层系统能够具有在涂层切削刀具领域中常见的任何涂层结构。之间放置金属中间层的所述至少两个层或者层系统在结构和组分上能够是彼此相同的或者不同的。
非金属功能层或者层系统的平均厚度能够是0.3-5μm、优选地0.3-2μm、最优选地0.4-1.5μm。
非金属层或者层系统显著地比金属中间层厚，非金属层或者层系统的厚度优选地是金属中间层的厚度的3-200倍、更加优选地是5-150倍、最优选地是10-100倍。
包括金属层和非金属层或者层系统这两者的整个涂层的厚度能够从0.5到15μm、优选地从1到10μm、并且最优选地从2到9μm。
适用于本发明的基体优选地为切削刀具刀片或者圆形刀具，比如钻、端铣刀等。基体优选地由硬质合金、金属陶瓷、陶瓷、立方氮化硼、或者高速钢中的任何一种制成，更加优选地由硬质合金制成。基体能够被预涂覆有内层，该内层被直接地沉积到基体上以保证与基体的良好粘附力，该内层包括纯金属和/或氮化物，优选地为Ti和/或TiN，所述层为0.02-0.5μm厚、优选地为0.05-0.1μm厚，并且在与其余层相同的涂覆工艺中沉积。
在本发明的一个实施例中，涂层的厚度是刀刃半径ER的至少10％、优选地大于15％、最优选地大于20％，但是小于刀刃半径ER的45％、优选地小于40％、并且最优选地小于35％。
在本发明的一个实施例中，基体是具有小于35μm的未涂覆ER的切削刀具刀片，并且涂层厚度从6到11μm。
在本发明的另一实施例中，基体是具有小于20μm的未涂覆ER的切削刀具刀片，并且涂层厚度从4到7μm。
在本发明的另一实施例中，基体是具有小于15μm的未涂覆ER的钻或者端铣刀，并且涂层厚度从2到5μm。
当涂覆切削刀具时，通常使用的任何PVD技术能够被用于本发明的方法中。优选地使用阴极电弧蒸发或者磁控溅射，但是还能够使用正在出现的技术，比如HIPIMS(高功率脉冲磁控溅射)。即便根据本发明的涂层被称作“PVD涂层”，还能够利用例如PECVD技术(等离子体增强化学气相沉积)沉积该涂层，与传统的CVD涂层相比，PECVD技术将产生具有更加接近PVD涂层的性质的性质的涂层。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述沉积的非金属功能层或者层系统是厚度在0.5和2μm之间的(Ti，Al)N，并且所沉积的薄金属中间层是厚度优选地在20到70nm之间的Ti。
在本发明的另一实施例中，金属中间层是Ti和Al的合金。
在本发明的又一个实施例中，金属中间层是Al和Cr的合金。
具体实施方式
实例1
使用具有两种不同几何形状R290-12T308M-KM和R390-11T0308M-PM的硬质合金铣削刀片，其中刀片A根据现有技术涂覆有在后刀面侧上测量的6μm厚的均质Ti0.33Al0.67N层。在N2气氛中通过阴极电弧蒸发沉积涂层，并且刀片被安装在3维旋转基体台上。从两对Ti0.33Al0.67-靶沉积(Ti，Al)))))N涂层。
根据本发明涂覆刀片B。应用与用于刀片A的相同的沉积条件，不同之处是在已经沉积具有确定厚度的Ti0.33Al0.67N层之后停止沉积，并且反应器腔室填充有Ar并且一对Ti-靶被点燃，并且薄的、大致30nm的金属Ti层被沉积。然后，利用N2气体填充反应器并且沉积新的Ti0.33Al0.67N层。沉积Ti层和Ti0.33Al0.67N层的这些步骤被重复7次，直至达到6μm的总涂层厚度。Ti0.33Al0.67N层的平均厚度是1μm。
对实例2-5的说明：
下面的表述/术语通常被用于金属切削，并且在下表中予以解释：
Vc(m/分钟)：    切削速度，单位：米每分钟
fz(mm/齿)：     进给速率，单位：毫米每齿
z：(数目)       刀具中的齿数
ae(mm)：        径向切削深度，单位：毫米
ap(mm)：        轴向切削深度，单位：毫米
D(mm)：        刀具直径，单位：毫米
实例2
比较具有几何形状R390-11T0308M-PM以及具有20μm的ER的实例1的刀片。在淬火钢的肩台铣削中测试刀片。
工件材料：淬火钢，Sverker 21(HRc＝59)
Vc＝      60m/分钟，
fz＝      0.12mm/齿
ae＝      1mm
ap＝      4mm
z＝       1
D＝       32mm
冷却：    干燥条件
刀具寿命标准为大于0.2mm的后刀面磨损、大于0.3mm的熔结或者任何刀刃的刀刃损坏或者刀片断裂(slice fracture)。
刀片A(现有技术)遭受刃线剥落并且刀刃中的涂层厚度仅为2-2.5μm，大约是在距刀刃一定距离处后刀面侧厚度的一半。刀片B(本发明)未遭受刃线剥落，并且刀刃中的涂层厚度在这里稍微大于后刀面侧厚度，或者为6.5μm。
刀片A(现有技术)在这种操作中持续19分钟，而刀片B(本发明)持续25分钟。在磨损类型中用于增加刀具寿命的决定性差异是较轻的熔结。
实例3
在铣削操作中测试和比较具有几何形状R290-12T308M-KM以及30μm的未涂覆刀刃半径的实例1的刀片A(现有技术)和B(本发明)。
工件材料：    CGI(蠕墨铸铁)Sintercast
Vc＝          300m/分钟
fz＝          0.15mm/齿
ae＝          50mm
ap＝          3mm
z＝     3
D＝     63mm
注：    干燥条件
刀具寿命标准为作为在3个刀刃上的平均值的大于0.3mm的后刀面磨损、大于0.4mm的熔结、任何刀刃的刀刃损坏或者刀片断裂。
刀片A(现有技术)在该应用中持续9分钟，而刀片B(本发明)持续19分钟。在磨损类型中用于增加刀具寿命的决定性差异是较轻的熔结。
实例4
在下面的切削条件期间，在铣削操作中测试具有几何形状R390-11T0308M-PM、ER＝35μm的实例1的刀片A(现有技术)和B(本发明)：
工件材料：    低合金钢，SS2244
Vc＝          150，200m/分钟
fz＝          0.15mm/齿
ae＝          25mm
ap＝          3mm
z＝           2
D＝           25mm
冷却剂：      乳剂
刀具寿命标准为大于0.2mm的后刀面磨损或者大于0.3mm的熔结。
刀片A(现有技术)在该应用中持续30分钟，而刀片B(本发明)持续39分钟。
在增加的Vc＝200m/分钟下，刀片A(现有技术)持续20分钟，而刀片B(本发明)持续37分钟。
在磨损类型中用于增加刀具寿命的决定性差异是较轻的刃线崩裂以及较轻的后刀面磨损。感兴趣的是，刀片B(本发明)显示出缓慢并且稳态的磨损增加而刀片A(现有技术)遭受更加严重的失效。
实例5
在下面的切削条件期间，在铣削操作中测试具有几何形状R390-11T0308M-PM、ER＝35μm的实例1的刀片A(现有技术)和B(本发明)：
工件材料：    淬火钢，Sverker 21HRc＝59
Vc＝          40m/分钟
fz＝          0.12mm/齿
ae＝          2mm
ap＝          4mm
z＝           1
D＝           32mm
注：          冷却剂：乳剂
刀具寿命标准为大于0.2mm的后刀面磨损或者大于0.3mm的熔结。
刀片A(现有技术)在该应用中持续10.5分钟，而刀片B(本发明)持续14分钟。
在磨损类型中用于增加刀具寿命的决定性差异是在刃线较轻的崩裂以及较轻的后刀面磨损。

Claims (14)

1.一种涂层切削刀具，该涂层切削刀具包括具有涂层的硬质合金、陶瓷、立方氮化硼、或者高速钢构成的基体，该涂层包括置于至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统之间的金属中间层，其中层系统是指在彼此的顶部上所沉积的至少两个层，而之间不存在任何金属中间层，其中：
-所述金属中间层包括至少60at％的金属元素，所述金属元素从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr中的一种或者多种中选择，并且
-其中所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统是氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合中的一种或者多种，
其特征在于，所述至少两个非金属功能层或者层系统的厚度是所述金属中间层的厚度的3到200倍，并且与金属中间层交替的非金属功能层或者层系统的数目至少为3。
2.根据权利要求1的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，所述非金属功能层或者层系统的组分是(Al，Ti)N，TiN，(Al，Cr)N，CrN，ZrN，Ti(B，N)，TiB2，(Zr，Al)N，(Ti，X)N，Al、Zr和Cr中的一种或者多种的氧化物中的一种或者多种，其中X可以是Si、Ta、V、Y、Cr、Nb和Zr中的一种或者多种。
3.根据前述权利要求中任何一项的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，所述金属中间层是纯金属层，其中从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr或者它们的任何混合物中选择所述金属。
4.根据权利要求1-2中任何一项的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，所述涂层的厚度至少是所述基体的未涂覆刀刃半径ER的10％，但是小于其45％。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任何一项的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，所述金属中间层的厚度从5nm到500nm。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任何一项的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，总涂层厚度是0.5到15μm。
7.根据权利要求1的涂层切削刀具，其特征在于，基体由金属陶瓷构成。
8.一种制造涂层切削刀具的方法，其特征在于，提供硬质合金、陶瓷、立方氮化硼、或者高速钢构成的基体并且利用PVD、PECVD或HIPIMS涂覆工艺涂覆所述基体，所述涂覆工艺包括以下步骤：
a).沉积包括氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合的至少一个非金属功能层或者层系统，
b).沉积至少一个金属中间层，所述金属中间层包括至少60at％的金属元素，从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr中的一种或多种中选择所述金属元素，
c).在所述金属中间层上，沉积包括氮化物、氧化物、硼化物、碳化物或者它们的组合的至少一个非金属功能层或者层系统，
其中重复步骤b)和c)至少1次，并且层系统是指在彼此的顶部上所沉积的至少两个层，而之间不存在任何金属中间层，并且其特征在于，所述非金属功能层或者层系统的厚度是所述金属中间层的厚度的3到200倍，并且与金属中间层交替的非金属功能层或者层系统的数目至少为3。
9.根据权利要求8的方法，其特征在于，利用PVD技术沉积所述涂层。
10.根据权利要求8或者9的方法，其特征在于，沉积的所述涂层的厚度至少是所述基体的未涂覆刀刃半径ER的10％，但是小于其45％。
11.根据权利要求8-9中任何一项的方法，其特征在于，所述沉积的非金属功能层或者层系统是(Al，Ti)N，TiN，(Al，Cr)N，CrN，ZrN，Ti(B，N)，TiB2，(Zr，Al)N，(Ti，X)N，Al、Zr和Cr中的一种或者多种的氧化物中的一种或者多种，其中X可以是Si、Ta、V、Y、Cr、Nb和Zr中的一种或者多种。
12.根据权利要求8-9中任何一项的方法，其特征在于，所述沉积的金属中间层是纯金属层，其中从Ti、Mo、Al、Cr、V、Y、Nb、W、Ta和Zr或者它们的任何混合物中选择所述金属。
13.根据权利要求8-9中任何一项的方法，其特征在于，所述金属中间层的厚度从5nm到500nm。
14.根据权利要求8的方法，其特征在于，基体由金属陶瓷构成。
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