CN101333192A - 作为钠通道阻滞剂的联芳基取代吡唑 - Google Patents
作为钠通道阻滞剂的联芳基取代吡唑 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101333192A CN101333192A CNA2008101000982A CN200810100098A CN101333192A CN 101333192 A CN101333192 A CN 101333192A CN A2008101000982 A CNA2008101000982 A CN A2008101000982A CN 200810100098 A CN200810100098 A CN 200810100098A CN 101333192 A CN101333192 A CN 101333192A
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- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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Abstract
联芳基取代吡唑化合物为钠通道阻滞剂,用于治疗疼痛和其它病症。药物组合物包含有效量的单独的或与一种或多种治疗活性化合物组合的本发明化合物,以及药物可接受载体。包括急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内脏疼痛、炎性疼痛和神经病性疼痛的病症的治疗方法包括单独给予或与一种或多种治疗活性化合物联合给予有效量的本发明化合物。
Description
本申请为分案申请,原申请的申请号为200480014916.7(PCT/US2004/009713),申请日为2004年3月30日,发明名称为“作为钠通道阻滞剂的联芳基取代吡唑”。
发明领域
本发明涉及一系列联芳基取代的吡唑化合物。具体地说,本发明涉及为钠通道阻滞剂的联芳基取代吡唑化合物,用于治疗慢性和神经病性疼痛。本发明化合物也用于治疗其它病症,包括例如中枢神经系统(CNS)障碍如癫痫、躁狂性抑郁、双相性精神障碍、抑郁、焦虑和糖尿病性神经病。
发明背景
电压门控离子通道允许电可兴奋细胞产生和传播动作电位,因此对于神经和肌肉功能是至关重要的。钠通道通过介导快速去极化而起特别作用,该去极化组成动作电位的上升期,反过来又激活电压门孔钙通道和钾通道。电压门控钠通道代表了多基因家族。至今已克隆和功能性表达了9种钠通道亚型[Clare,J.J.,Tate,S.N.,Nobbs,M.&Romanos,M.A.Voltage-gated sodium channels astherapeutic targets.Drug Discovery Today 5,506-520(2000)]。它们有差别地表达在肌肉和神经组织中,表现出不同的生物物理性质。所有电压门控钠通道的特征为相对其它离子对钠离子具有高度选择性和其电压依赖性门控[Catterall,W.A.Structure and function ofVoltage-gated sodium and calcium channels.Current Opinion inNeurobiology 1,5-13(1991)]。在负的或超极化的膜电位,钠通道关闭。在膜去极化后,钠通道快速开放,然后失活。钠通道只在开放状态传导电流,并且一旦失活,在重新开放之前必须回到静息状态,有利于膜超极化。不同钠通道亚型在它们激活和失活的电压范围以及激活和失活动力学上不同。
钠通道是各种药理学试剂的目标,包括神经毒素、抗心律失常药、抗惊厥药和局麻药。[Clare,J.J.,Tate,S.N.,Nobbs,M.&Romanos,M.A.Voltage-gated sodium channels as therapeutic targets.Drug Discovery Today 5,506-520(2000)]。钠通道二级结构中的某些区域涉及与这些阻滞剂的相互作用,大多数是保守的。实际上,大多数至今已知的钠通道阻滞剂以类似的效能与所有通道亚型相互作用。然而,已有可能生产具有治疗选择性和足够治疗窗的钠通道阻滞剂,用于治疗癫痫(例如拉莫三嗪、苯妥英和卡马西平)和某些心律失常(例如利多卡因,妥卡尼和美西律)。
众所周知的是,神经中的电压门控Na+通道在神经病性疼痛中起重要作用。外周神经系统的损伤常常导致最初损伤解决后长时间的持续神经病性疼痛。神经病性疼痛的实例包括但不限于带状疱疹后神经痛、三叉神经痛、糖尿病性神经病、慢性腰痛、假性肢痛、癌症和化疗导致的疼痛、慢性骨盆痛、复杂区域疼痛综合症和相关的神经痛。在人患者和神经病性疼痛的动物模型中已表明,初级传入感觉神经元的损伤可导致神经瘤形成和自发性活动,以及响应正常无害剌激的激发活动。[Carter,G.T.和B.S.Galer,Advances in themanagement of neuropathic pain.Physical Medicine and RehabilitationClinics of North America,2001.12(2):447-459页]。正常静息感觉神经元的异常活动被认为有助于神经病性疼痛的产生和维持。通常认为神经病性疼痛与受损神经中钠通道活性增加有关。[Baker,M.D.和J.N.Wood,Involvement of Na channels in pain pathways.TRENDS in Pharmacological Sciences,2001.22(1):27-31页]。
实际上,在外周神经损伤的大鼠模型中,受损神经中的异常活动对应于疼痛的行为信号。在这些模型中,钠通道阻滞剂和局麻药利多卡因的静脉内应用在不影响常规行为和运动功能的浓度下可抑制异常活动,并逆转触觉异常性疼痛。[Mao,J.和L.L.Chen,Systemiclidocaine for neuropathic pain relief.Pain,2000.87:7-17页]。这些有效浓度与在人体中表现出临床有效的浓度类似。[Tanelian,D.L.和W.G.Brose,Neuropathic pain ccan be relieved by drugs that areuse-dependent sodium channel blockers:lidocaine,carbamazepine andmexiletine.Anesthesiology,1991.74(5):949-951页]。在安慰剂对照研究中,连续注入利多卡因导致患有外周神经损伤的患者中疼痛分数降低,并且在独立的研究中,静脉内利多卡因降低与带状疱疹后神经痛(PHN)有关的疼痛强度。[Mao,J.和L.L.Chen,Systemiclidocaine for neuropathic pain relief.Pain,2000.87:7-17页.Anger,T.等,Medicinal chemistry of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channelblockers.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2001.44(2):115-137页]。以皮肤贴剂形式施用的利多卡因,是当前唯一FDA允许用于PHN的治疗。[Devers,A.和B.S.Galer,Topical lidocaine patchrelieves a variety of neuropathic pain conditions:an open-label study.Clinical Journal of Pain,2000.16(3):205-208页]。
除了神经病性疼痛,钠通道阻滞剂在治疗癫痫和心律失常中具有临床用途。来自动物模型的最新证据表明,钠通道阻滞剂在中风或神经损伤导致的局部缺血情况下和多发性硬化(MS)患者中可用于神经保护。[Clare,J.J.等和Anger,T.等]。
国际专利公开WO 00/57877描述了芳基取代的吡唑、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑和吡咯及其作为钠通道阻滞剂的用途。国际专利公开WO01/68612描述了芳基取代的吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪和三嗪及其作为钠通道阻滞剂的用途。国际专利公开WO 99/32462描述了用于治疗CNS障碍的三嗪化合物。但是,仍然需要比已知化合物副作用更少和效能更高的治疗性阻滞神经元钠通道的新化合物和组合物。
发明概述
本发明涉及为钠通道阻滞剂的联芳基吡唑化合物,用于治疗慢性和神经病性疼痛。本发明化合物也用于治疗其它病症,包括CNS障碍例如癫痫、躁狂性抑郁、焦虑、抑郁和双相性精神障碍。本发明提供包含单独或与一种或多种治疗活性化合物组合的本发明化合物,以及药物可接受载体的药物组合物。
本发明还包括与钠通道活性有关或由其导致的病症的治疗方法,所述病症例如急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内脏疼痛、炎性疼痛、神经病性疼痛,以及CNS障碍,包括但不限于癫痫、躁狂性抑郁、焦虑、抑郁和双相性精神障碍。
发明详述
本发明中描述的化合物表示为式(I)、(II)、(III)或(IV):
或其药物可接受盐,其中
HET为以下杂环的一种:
R1为
(a)H;
(b)C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基或C1-C4-烷基-[C3-C6-环烷基],它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-O-C1-C6-烷基、-O-C3-C6-环烷基、-S-C1-C6-烷基或-S-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(e)-OH;
(f)-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基,xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(g)-OCON(Ra)(Rb)或-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb);
(h)-SH或-SCON(Ra)(Rb);
(i)NO2;
(j)NRaRb、-N(CORa)Rb、-N(SO2Ra)Rb、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)2、-N(ORa)CONRaRb、-N(Ra)SO2Ra或-N(Ra)CON(Ra)2;
(k)-CH(ORa)Ra、-C(ORb)CF3、-CH(NHRb)Ra、-C(=O)Ra、C(=O)CF3、-SOCH3、-SO2CH3、COORa、CN、CONRaRb、-COCONRaRb、-SO2NRaRb、-CH2O-SO2NRaRb、SO2N(Ra)ORa、-C(=NH)NH2、-CRa=N-ORa、CH=CHCONRaRb;
(l)-CONRa(CH2)0-2C(Ra)(Rb)(CH2)0-2CONRaRb;
(m)四唑基、四唑啉酮基、三唑基、三唑啉酮基、咪唑基、咪唑酮基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡唑酮基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基或苯基,它们任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)Ra,v)C1-C6-烷基,vi)-O-Ra,vii)-NRaRb,viii)-C0-C4-烷基-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-C4-烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,x)-(C0-C4-烷基)-CO-NRaRb,xi)-S(O)0-2Ra,xii)-SO2NRaRb,xiii)-NHSO2Ra,xiv)-C1-C4-全氟烷基和xv)-O-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(n)-C(Ra)=C(Rb)-COORa或-C(Ra)=C(Rb)-CONRaRb;
(o)
(p)哌啶-1-基,吗啉-1-基,吡咯烷-1-基,哌嗪-1-基或4-取代哌嗪-1-基,它们任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)-CN,ii)-C(=O)(Ra),iii)C1-C6-烷基、iv)-ORa,v)-NRaRb,vi)-C0-C4-烷基-CO-ORa,vii)-(C0-C4-烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-C4-烷基)-CON(Ra)(Rb),ix)-SRa,x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-C4-全氟烷基和xiv)-O-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
Ra为
(a)H;
(b)C1-C4-烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、-OCONH2、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基)、-OCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、-OCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、NH2、NH(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、NHCONH2、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基)、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、-NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、N(C1-C4烷基)CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、COO-(C1-C4-烷基)、COOH、CN、CONH2、CONH(C1-C4烷基)、CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、SO2NH2、SO2NH(C1-C4烷基)、SO2NH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、SO2N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHSO2NH2、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)C0-C4-烷基-(C1-C4)-全氟烷基;或
(d)-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(C1-C4-烷基),v)-O(C1-C4-烷基),vi)-N(C1-C4-烷基)(C1-C4-烷基),vii)-C1-10烷基和viii)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
Rb为
(a)H;或
(b)C1-C6-烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、-OCONH2、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基)、NH2、NH(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHCONH2、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基)、-NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、COO-(C1-C4-烷基)、COOH、CN或CONH2;
R2为:
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C4-烷基、-C3-C6-环烷基或-C1-C4-烷基-(C3-C6)-环烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(d)芳基或-(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4-烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(e)-C(=O)(Ra)、-CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、-SO2Ra、N(Ra)CORa、-SO2N(Ra)(Rb);
R3为
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C4-烷基、-C3-C6-环烷基或-C1-C4-烷基-(C3-C6)-环烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(d)芳基或-(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基,其中芳基定义如上;
(e)-O-C1-C4-烷基、-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基、-O-芳基或-O(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基;
(f)-C(=O)(Ra)、-SO2Ra、-SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、CN、NRaRb、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、OCONRaRb、O(C1-C4-烷基)CONRaRb、-OSO2NRaRb、COORa、N(Ra)CORa或CONRaRb;
R4和R5各自独立为:
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C6-烷基、-C2-C6-烯基、-C2-C6-炔基或-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、-O-(C1-C4)烷基、CN、-N(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)CO-(C1-C4)烷基、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)或苯基;
(c)-O-C0-C6-烷基、-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;或
(e)CN、NH2、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I,OH、OCON(Ra)(Rb)O(C1-C4-烷基)CONRaRb、-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)或芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
R6、R7和R8各自独立为:
(a)H;
(b)C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基或C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、OCON(Ra)(Rb)、NRaRb、COORa、CN、CONRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、SO2NRaRb、S(O)0-2(C1-C4-烷基)、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-O-C1-C6-烷基、-O-C3-C6-环烷基、-S-C1-C6-烷基或-S-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、NH2、NH(C1-C4-烷基)、N(C1-C4-烷基)2、COOH、CN、CONH2、CONH(C1-C4-烷基)、CONH(C1-C4-烷基)2、SO2NH2、SO2NH(C1-C4-烷基)、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(e)-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C置换的-C1-10烷基;
(f)CN、N(Ra)(Rb)、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I、-ORa、-SRa、-OCON(Ra)(Rb)、-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)CON(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、-C(ORb)Ra、-C(ORa)CF3、-C(NHRa)CF3、-C(=O)Ra、C(=O)CF3、-SOCH3、-SO2CH3、-NHSO2(C1-6-烷基)、-NHSO2-芳基、SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、-CH2OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、SO2N(Rb)-ORa、-C(=NH)NH2、-CRa=N-ORa、CH=CH或芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C置换的-C1-10烷基;
或当R6和R7存在于相邻碳原子上时,R6和R7可与它们连接的环一起形成选自以下的二环芳环:萘基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹喔啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基和苯并咪唑基,它们的任何芳环任选被1-4个选自以下的独立取代基取代:i)卤素,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-CHO,v)-O-C1-4烷基,vi)-N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-O(C0-4烷基),viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-O(C0-4烷基),ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),x)-S(C0-4烷基),xi)-S(O)(C1-4烷基),xii)-SO2(C0-4烷基),xiii)-SO2N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),xiv)-NHSO2(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),xv)-C1-10烷基和xvi)其中一个或多个碳可被-N(C0-6烷基)-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(C0-6烷基)-、-N(C0-6烷基)-C(O)-、-N(C0-6烷基)-C(O)-N(C0-6烷基)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基。
在一方面,本发明提供化学式(I)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,连接在邻位上。
在第二个方面,本发明提供化学式(II)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,连接在邻位上。
在第三个方面,本发明提供化学式(III)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,连接在邻位上。
在第三个方面的一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(III)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第三个方面的另一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(HI)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第三个方面的又一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(III)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第三个方面的再一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(III)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第三个方面的再另一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(III)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第四个方面,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,连接在邻位上。
在第四个方面的一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第四个方面的另一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第四个方面的又一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第四个方面的再一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
在第四个方面的再一个实施方案中,本发明提供化学式(IV)所述化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
本文使用的“烷基”以及具有前缀“烷”的其它基团,例如烷氧基、烷酰基、烯基和炔基是指可为直链或支链或其组合的碳链。烷基的实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲-和叔丁基、戊基、己基和庚基。“烯基”、“炔基”和其它类似术语包括含有至少一个不饱和C-C键的碳链。
术语“环烷基”指不含杂原子的碳环,包括单环、二环和三环的饱和碳环,以及稠合环体系。这种稠合环体系可包含一个部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环,例如苯环,形成稠合环体系,例如苯并碳环。环烷基包括这种稠合环体系和螺接环体系。环烷基的实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、十氢化萘、金刚烷、2,3-二氢化茚基、茚基、芴基和1,2,3,4-四氢萘。类似地,“环烯基”指不含杂原子并含至少一个非芳族C-C双键的碳环,包括单环、二环和三环的部分饱和碳环,以及苯稠合环烯烃。环烯基的实例包括环己烯基和茚基。
术语“芳基”包括但不限于为单环或稠合多环的芳族取代基。当形成多环时,至少一个组成环为芳性。除另有具体说明外,术语“芳基”也包括杂芳基,因此包括稳定的5-7元单环和稳定的9-10元稠合二环杂环体系,它们由碳原子和1-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子组成,其中氮和硫杂原子可任选被氧化,并且氮杂原子可任选被季铵化。合适的芳基基团包括苯基、萘基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基和噁二唑基。
除另有具体说明外,术语“环烷基烷氧基(cycloalkyloxy)”包括通过短的C1-2烷基与氧连接原子相连的环烷基。
术语“C0-6烷基”包括含有6、5、4、3、2、1个碳原子或不含碳原子的烷基。不含碳原子的烷基当烷基为末端基团时为氢原子取代基,当烷基为桥接基团时为直接键。
除另有具体说明外,术语“杂”包括一个或多个O、S或N原子。例如,杂环烷基和杂芳基包括在环中含有一个或多个O、S或N原子(包括这种原子的混合)的环体系。杂原子置换环碳原子。因此,例如,C5杂环烷基为含有4-0个碳原子的5元环。杂芳基的实例包括吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、喹喔啉基、呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、吡咯基、吲哚基、吡唑基、吲唑基、噁唑基、苯并噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、苯并噻唑基、异噻唑基、咪唑基、苯并咪唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、三唑基和四唑基。杂环烷基的实例包括氮杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、四氢呋喃基、咪唑啉基、吡咯烷-2-酮、哌啶-2-酮和硫代吗啉基。
术语“C0-4杂烷基”指含有3、2、1个碳原子或不含碳原子的杂烷基。但是,必须存在至少一个杂原子。因此,作为实例,不含碳原子但含一个N原子的C0-4杂烷基作为桥接基团时为-NH-,作为末端基团时为-NH2。类似的桥接或末端基团对于O或S杂原子是显而易见的。
除另有具体说明外,术语“胺”包括伯胺、仲胺和叔胺。
除另有具体说明外,术语“羰基”当羰基为末端基团时包括C0-6烷基取代基。
术语“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴和碘原子。
术语“任选取代”包括取代和未取代。因此,例如,任选取代的芳基可表示全氟苯基或苯环。此外,任选取代的多部分如烷基芳基是指烷基和芳基基团任选被取代。如果只有多部分的一个部分任选被取代,其将被具体指出,例如“烷基芳基,所述芳基任选被卤素或羟基取代”。
本文所述化合物可含有一个或多个双键,因此可产生顺/反异构体以及其它构象异构体。除另有具体说明外,本发明包括所有这种可能的异构体以及这种异构体的混合物。
本文所述化合物可含有一个或多个不对称中心,因此可产生非对映异构体和光学异构体。本发明包括所有这种可能的非对映异构体以及它们的外消旋混合物、它们基本纯的拆分的对映异构体、所有可能的几何异构体和其药物可接受盐。上述化学式没有在某些位置表示出确定的立体化学。本发明包括化学式的所有立体异构体和其药物可接受盐。此外,也包括立体异构体的混合物以及分离的具体立体异构体。在用于制备这种化合物的合成方法的过程中,或在本领域技术人员已知的外消旋或差向异构化方法中,这种方法的产物可为立体异构体的混合物。
术语“药物可接受盐”指从药物可接受的无毒碱或酸制备的盐。当本发明化合物为酸性时,其相应的盐可方便地从药物可接受无毒碱、包括无机碱和有机碱制备。来自这种无机碱的盐包括铝盐、铵盐、钙盐、铜(一价和二价)盐、铁盐、亚铁盐、锂盐、镁盐、锰(三价和二价)盐、钾盐、钠盐、锌盐等。来自药物可接受有机无毒碱的盐包括伯铵、仲铵和叔铵的盐,以及环胺和取代胺(例如天然存在和合成的取代胺)的盐。可形成盐的其它药物可接受有机无毒碱包括离子交换树脂,例如精氨酸、甜菜碱、咖啡因、胆碱、N,N-联苄基乙二胺、二乙胺、2-二乙氨基乙醇、2-二甲氨基乙醇、乙醇胺、乙二胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-乙基哌啶、葡糖胺、组氨酸、海巴胺(hydrabamine),异丙胺、赖氨酸、甲基葡糖胺、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、聚胺树脂、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺,三丙胺和氨丁三醇。
当本发明化合物为碱性时,其相应的盐可方便地从药物可接受无毒酸、包括无机酸和有机酸制备。这种酸包括,例如乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、粘液酸、硝酸、双羟萘酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸等。
本发明药物组合物包含作为活性成分的式I、II、III或IV表示的化合物(或其药物可接受盐)、药物可接受载体和任选一种或多种其它治疗药物或辅药。这种其它治疗药物可包括,例如i)阿片激动剂或拮抗剂,ii)钙通道拮抗剂,iii)5HT受体激动剂或拮抗剂,iv)钠通道拮抗剂,v)NMDA受体激动剂或拮抗剂,vi)COX-2选择性抑制剂,vii)NK1拮抗剂,viii)非甾体抗炎药(“NSAID”),ix)选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(“SSRI”)和/或选择性5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(“SSNRI”),x)三环抗抑郁药,xi)去甲肾上腺素调节剂,xii)锂,xiii)丙戊酸盐和xiv)neurontin(加巴喷丁)。本发明组合物包括适合口服、直肠、局部和胃肠外(包括皮下、肌内和静脉内)给药的组合物,虽然在任何具体情况下最合适的途径取决于给予活性成分的具体宿主,以及病症的本质和严重性。药物组合物可方便地以单位剂量形式存在,通过任何药学领域已知的方法制备。
本发明化合物和组合物用于治疗慢性、内脏性、炎性和神经病性疼痛综合征。它们用于治疗由外伤性神经损伤、神经压迫或夹压、带状疱疹后神经痛、三叉神经痛和糖尿病性神经病导致的疼痛。本发明化合物和组合物也用于治疗慢性腰痛、假性肢痛、慢性骨盆痛、神经瘤疼痛、复杂区域疼痛综合症、慢性关节炎痛和相关神经痛,以及与癌症、化疗、HIV和HIV治疗诱导的神经病相关的疼痛。本发明化合物也可用作局麻药。本发明化合物用于治疗应激性结肠综合症和相关病症,以及节段性回肠炎。
本发明化合物具有治疗癫痫、部分性和全面强直癫痫发作的临床用途。它们也用于中风或神经外伤导致的局部缺血状态下的神经保护和治疗多发性硬化症。本发明化合物用于治疗心律失常。此外,本发明化合物用于治疗神经精神病障碍,包括心境障碍,例如抑郁,更具体是抑郁障碍,例如一过性(single episodic)或再发性重型(recurrentmajor)抑郁障碍和情绪恶劣性障碍或双相性精神障碍,例如双相I型障碍、双相II型障碍和循环情感性障碍;焦虑障碍,例如带或不带广场恐怖的恐慌病、无恐慌病史的广场恐怖、特殊恐怖例如特殊动物恐怖、社交恐怖、强迫障碍、包括创伤后精神紧张性障碍和急性精神紧张性障碍的精神紧张性障碍,以及广泛性焦虑障碍。
应理解的是,对于治疗抑郁或焦虑,本发明化合物可与其它抗抑郁药物或抗焦虑药物联合使用,例如去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)、单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI)、单胺氧化酶的可逆抑制剂(RIMA)、5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)、α-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂、非典型抗抑郁药、苯二氮、5-HT1A激动剂或拮抗剂尤其是5-HT1A部分激动剂、神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂、促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)拮抗剂和其药物可接受盐。
此外,应理解的是,可给予预防有效剂量水平的本发明化合物以预防上述病症和障碍,以及预防其它与钠通道活性有关的病症和障碍。
可局部使用含本发明化合物的乳膏剂、软膏剂、凝胶剂、溶液剂或混悬剂。对于本发明的目的,漱口水和漱口剂包括在局部使用的范围内。
使用每天约0.01mg/kg至约140mg/kg体重,或每位患者每天约0.5mg至约7g的剂量水平,来治疗炎性和神经病性疼痛。例如,通过给予每千克体重每天约0.01mg至约75mg的化合物,或每位患者每天约0.5mg至约3.5g的化合物,可有效治疗炎性疼痛。通过给予每千克体重每天约0.01mg至约125mg的化合物或每位患者每天约0.5mg至约5.5g的化合物,可有效治疗神经病性疼痛。
可与载体材料组合产生单剂量形式的有效成分的量根据待治疗宿主和具体给药途径而变化。例如,用于口服给予人类的制剂可方便地包含约0.5mg至约5g活性成分,其与适当和方便量的载体材料混合,载体的量为总组合物的约5%至约95%。单位剂量形式通常包含约1mg至约1000mg的活性成分,通常为25mg、50mg、100mg、200mg、300mg、400mg、500mg、600mg、800mg或1000mg。
但是应理解的是,对于任何具体患者,具体剂量水平根据各种因素而改变。这种患者-相关因素包括年龄、体重、一般健康状况、性别和患者的饮食。其它因素包括给药的时间和途径、排泄速率、联合用药和进行治疗的具体疾病的严重性。
实际上,式I、II、III和IV表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐可作为活性成分与常规药物混合技术的药物载体密切混合。载体可采用各种形式,取决于所需给药的制剂形式,例如口服或胃肠外(包括静脉内)给药。因此,本发明药物组合物可制备为适合口服给药的不连续单位,例如胶囊剂、扁囊剂或片剂,各自含有预定量的活性成分。此外,组合物可作为散剂、颗粒剂、溶液剂、水性液体中的混悬剂、非水性液体、水包油乳剂或油包水液体乳剂存在。除上述通常给药形式外,式I、II、III和IV表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐也可通过控释方式和/或传递装置给药。本发明组合物可通过任何药学方法制备。通常,这种方法包括将活性成分与组成一种或多种必须成分的载体混合的步骤。通常,通过将活性成分与液体载体或细小分散的固体载体或两者均一和密切地混合,制备组合物。然后产物可方便地成型为所需制剂。
因此,本发明药物组合物可包含药物可接受载体和式I、II、III或IV的化合物或其药物可接受盐。式I、II、III和IV的化合物或其药物可接受盐也可包含在药物组合物中,与一种或多种治疗活性化合物组合。
使用的药物载体可例如为固体、液体或气体。固体载体的实例包括乳糖、硬石膏、蔗糖、滑石粉、明胶、琼脂、果胶、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁和硬脂酸。液体载体的实例为糖浆、花生油、橄榄油和水。气体载体的实例包括二氧化碳和氮气。
在口服给药形式组合物的制备中,可使用任何合适的药物介质。例如,可使用水、乙二醇、油、醇、调味剂、防腐剂、着色剂等形成口服液体制剂,例如混悬剂、酏剂和溶液剂;可使用载体例如淀粉、糖、微晶纤维素、稀释剂、造粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和崩解剂形成口服固体制剂,例如散剂、胶囊剂和片剂。因为其易于给药,片和胶囊为优选的口服给药单位,因此使用固体药物载体。任选片剂可通过标准水性或非水性技术包衣。
含本发明组合物的片剂可通过任选与一种或多种辅助成分或辅药一起压制或模制制备。压制片可通过在合适的机器中,压制任选与粘合剂、润滑剂、惰性稀释剂、表面活性剂或分散剂混合的、自由流动形式如粉末或颗粒形式的活性成分而制备。模制片可通过在合适的机器中,模压用惰性液体稀释剂湿润的粉状化合物的混合物而制备。各片优选包含约0.1mg至约500mg的活性成分,各扁囊或胶囊优选包含约0.1mg至约500mg的活性成分。因此,片剂、扁囊剂或胶囊剂合适地包含0.1mg、1mg、5mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、200m g、300m g、400mg或500mg的活性成分,每次服用一个或两个片、扁囊或胶囊,每天一次、两次或三次。
适合胃肠外给药的本发明药物组合物可制备为活性化合物在水中的溶液剂或混悬剂。可包含合适的表面活性剂,例如羟丙基纤维素。也可在甘油、液体聚乙二醇及其混合物中制备分散体。此外,可包含防腐剂以防止微生物的有害生长。
适合可注射用途的本发明药物组合物包括无菌水性溶液或分散液。而且,组合物可为无菌粉末的形式,用于临时制备这种无菌可注射溶液或分散液。在所有情况下,最终可注射形式必须是无菌的,并且必须确实为液体以易于注射。药物组合物必须在生产和储存条件下稳定,因此应防腐以抵抗微生物例如细菌和真菌的污染作用。载体可为溶剂或分散介质,包含例如水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇和液体聚乙二醇)、植物油及其合适的混合物。
本发明药物组合物可为适合局部应用的形式,例如气雾剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂、洗剂和扑粉。此外,组合物可为适合用于透皮装置的形式。这些制剂可利用式I、II、III或IV表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐,通过常规加工方法而制备。作为实例,乳膏剂或软膏剂通过混合亲水材料、水和约5%至约10%重量的化合物,产生具有所需稠度的乳膏或软膏而制备。
本发明药物组合物可为适合直肠给药的形式,其中载体为固体,例如其中混合物形成单位剂量栓剂。合适的载体包括可可脂和其它本领域通常使用的材料。通过首先将组合物与变软的或熔化的载体混合,然后冷却并在模中成形,可方便地形成栓剂。
除上述载体成分外,上述药物制剂可合适地包含一种或多种其它载体成分,例如稀释剂、缓冲剂、调味剂、粘合剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、润滑剂和防腐剂(包括抗氧化剂)。而且,可包含其它辅药以使制剂与目标受者的血等渗。包含式I、II、III或IV所述化合物或其药物可接受盐的组合物可制备为散剂或浓缩液的形式。
已发现本发明化合物和药物组合物可阻滞钠通道。因此,本发明的一个方面是通过给予有效量的本发明化合物,治疗哺乳动物中可通过阻断神经元钠通道而改善的疾病,包括例如急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内脏疼痛、炎性疼痛和神经病性疼痛。术语“哺乳动物”包括人类以及其它动物,例如狗、猫、马、猪和牛。因此,应理解的是,治疗人类以外的哺乳动物是指治疗非人哺乳动物中与上述病症相关的病症。
此外,如上所述,本发明化合物可与一种或多种治疗活性化合物联合使用。具体地说,本发明化合物可有利地与以下化合物联合使用:i)阿片激动剂或拮抗剂,ii)钙通道拮抗剂,iii)5HT受体激动剂或拮抗剂,iv)钠通道拮抗剂,v)N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体激动剂或拮抗剂,vi)COX-2选择性抑制剂,vii)神经激肽受体1(NK1)拮抗剂,viii)非甾体抗炎药(NSAID),ix)选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)和/或选择性5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SSNRI),x)三环抗抑郁药,xi)去甲肾上腺素调节剂,xii)锂,xiii)丙戊酸盐和xiv)neurontin(加巴喷丁)。
本文使用的缩写具有下表所列的含义。除另有具体说明外,下表未列出的缩写具有其通常使用的含义。
烷基缩写
Me | 甲基 |
Et | 乙基 |
n-Pr= | 正丙基 |
i-Pr= | 异丙基 |
n-Bu= | 正丁基 |
i-Bu= | 异丁基 |
s-Bu= | 仲丁基 |
t-Bu= | 叔丁基 |
c-Pr= | 环丙基 |
c-Bu= | 环丁基 |
c-Pen= | 环戊基 |
c-Hex= | 环己基 |
下列体外和体内试验用于测定本发明化合物的生物活性。
化合物评价(体外试验):
钠通道抑制剂的鉴定基于当钠离子穿过激动剂修饰的通道时钠通道导致细胞去极化的能力。不存在抑制剂时,将激动剂修饰的通道暴露于钠离子会导致细胞去极化。钠通道抑制剂会防止由于钠离子经激动剂修饰钠通道移动而导致的细胞去极化。膜电位的改变可用电压敏感的荧光共振能量转移(FRET)染料对测定,该染料对使用两种成分,供体香豆素(CC2DMPE)和接受体oxanol(DiSBAC2(3))。Oxanol是亲脂性阴离子,根据膜电位跨膜分布。存在钠通道激动剂但不存在钠离子时,细胞内部相对细胞外部为负电荷,oxanol累积在膜外叶,香豆素的激发会导致FRET产生。加入钠会导致膜去极化,导致oxanol重分布到细胞内部,并且因此降低FRET。因此,在膜去极化后比例(供体/接受体)变大。存在钠通道抑制剂时,细胞去极化不会发生,因此oxanol的分布和FRET保持不变。
用PN1钠通道(HEK-PN1)稳定转染的细胞以约140,000细胞/孔的密度生长在聚赖氨酸包被的96孔板中。吸出培养基,细胞用PBS缓冲液洗涤,与100μL 0.02%pluronic酸中的10μM CC2-DMPE温育。在25℃温育45分钟后,除去培养基,细胞用缓冲液洗涤两次。细胞与100μL TMA缓冲液中的DiSBAC2(3)温育,缓冲液中包含20μM藜芦定、20nM双鞭甲藻毒素-3和受试样品。黑暗中在25℃温育45分钟后,平板置于VIPR仪中,记录CC2-DMPE和DiSBAC2(3)的荧光发射10秒。此时,向孔中加入100μL盐水缓冲液以测定钠依赖性细胞去极化的范围,再记录两种染料的荧光发射20秒。加入盐水缓冲液前CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3)的比例等于1。不存在抑制剂时,加入盐水缓冲液后比例大于1.5。当钠通道被已知标准品或受试化合物被完全抑制时,该比例仍为1。因此,有可能通过监测荧光比率的浓度依赖性改变而滴定钠通道抑制剂的活性。
电生理学试验(体内试验):
细胞制备:内部建立稳定表达PN1钠通道亚型的HEK-293细胞系。在含有0.5mg/mL G418、50单位/mL Pen/Strep和1mL热灭活胎牛血清的MEM生长培养基(Gibco)中37℃和10%CO2下培养细胞。对于电生理学记录,将细胞置于聚-D-赖氨酸包被的35mm平板上。
全细胞记录:通过全细胞电压钳(Hamill等,Pfluegers Archives391:85-100(1981)),使用EPC-9放大器和Pulse软件(HEKAElectronics,Lamprecht,Germany)测定稳定表达PN1钠通道亚型的HEK-293细胞。实验在室温进行。电极烧边至电阻为2-4MΩ。通过串连电阻补偿将电压误差减到最少,用EPC-9内置电路消除电容瞬变。在50kHz获得数据,在7-10kHz过滤。水浴溶液由40mM NaCl、120mM NMDG Cl、1mM KCl、2.7mM CaCl2、0.5mM MgCl2、10mMNMDG HEPES组成,pH 7.4,内部(移液管)溶液包含110mM甲磺酸铯、5mM NaCl、20mM CsCl、10mM CsF、10mM BAPTA(四铯盐)、10mM Cs HEPES,pH 7.4。
下列方案用于评估化合物对通道静息和失活状态的稳态亲合力(分别为Kr和Ki):
1)使用从-90mV维持电位到-60mV至+50mV去极化电压的8毫秒测试脉冲,构建电流-电压关系(IV曲线)。在实验的剩余部分使用IV曲线峰值附近的电压(通常为-10或0mV)作为测试脉冲电压。
2)通过测定在10秒调节脉冲(conditioning pulse)后的8毫秒测试脉冲至-120mV至-10mV的电位时激活的电流,构建稳态失活(有效性)曲线。
3)在20-50%通道失活的维持电位应用化合物,以2秒间隔监测8毫秒测试脉冲时的钠通道阻断。
4)在化合物平衡后,化合物存在时稳态失活的电压依赖性根据上述方案2)测定。阻断通道静息状态的化合物降低来自所有维持电位的测试脉冲引起的电流,而主要阻断失活态的化合物改变稳态失活曲线的中点。使用以下公式,用对照中和在化合物存在时在负维持电位的最大电流(Imax)和稳态失活曲线中点的不同(ΔV)计算Kr和Ki:(Drug,药物;control,对照)
在化合物不影响静息状态的情况下,KI使用以下公式计算:(Drug,药物)
大鼠福尔马林爪试验(体内试验):
评估化合物抑制注射50μL福尔马林(5%)引起的行为反应的能力。金属带固定到雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠的左后爪(Charles River,200-250g),各大鼠在塑料圆筒(直径15cm)内适应带60分钟。大鼠在尔马林刺激之前(局部)或之后(全身)给予载体或受试化合物。对于局部给药,化合物制备到1∶4∶5的乙醇、PEG400和盐水(EPEGS)载体中,在福尔马林前5分钟皮下注射到左后爪的背面。对于全身给药,化合物制备到EPEGS载体或吐温80(10%)/无菌水(90%)载体中,(福尔马林后15分钟通过尾侧静脉)静脉内注射或(福尔马林前60分钟)口服。使用自动伤害感受分析仪(UCSD Anesthesiology Research,SanDiego,CA)连续记录畏缩数60分钟。通过对比早期(0-10分钟)和晚期(11-60分钟)测定的总畏缩,用未配对t检验确定统计学显著性。
使用大鼠CFA模型的体内试验:
通过注射0.2ml完全弗氏佐剂(CFA:结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis),Sigma;悬浮在油/盐水(1∶1)乳液中;0.5mg分枝杆菌/mL)到左后爪的足底面引起单侧炎症。该剂量的CFA产生明显的后爪肿胀,但动物在实验过程中显示出正常的进食行为和体重增加。用Randall-Selitto试验在组织损伤后3天测定机械痛觉过敏。在Dunnett′s Post Hoc检验后重复测定ANOVA。
SNL:机械异常性疼痛(体内试验):
在神经损伤之前或之后两周用上-下范例采用校准的von Frey丝评价触觉异常性疼痛。动物置于带丝网底部的塑料袋内,在各试验期前适应15分钟。为测定50%反应阈值,将von Frey丝(强度为0.4-28.8g)施用于脚底面中部,持续8秒或直到退缩反应发生。在阳性反应后,试验较弱的刺激。如果对刺激没有反应,施加较强的刺激。最初的阈值交叉后,每个试验期每只动物重复给予该刺激过程4次。口服给予受试化合物后1小时和2小时测定机械敏感性。
在上述体外试验中,本发明所述化合物表现出约<0.1μM至约<50μM的钠通道阻滞活性。有利的是,在体外试验中化合物表现出<5μM的钠通道阻滞活性。更有利的是,在体外试验中化合物表现出<1μM的钠通道阻滞活性。再更有利的是,在体外试验中化合物表现出<0.5μM的钠通道阻滞活性。仍再有利的是,在体外试验中化合物表现出<0.1μM的钠通道阻滞活性。
合成方法
本发明化合物可根据下述流程以及实施例中提供的方法合成。以下流程和实施例进一步说明而不是限制本发明的范围。除另有定义或对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的外,取代基与上述式中相同。
本发明新化合物容易使用本领域技术人员已知的方法合成,例如在Advanced Organic Chemistry,March,4thEd.,John Wiley和Sons,New York,NY,1992;Advanced Organic Chemistry,Carey andSundberg,Vol.A和B,3rdEd.,P1enum Press,Inc.,New York,NY,1990:Protective groups in Organic Synthesis,Green and Wuts,2ndEd.,John Wilev and Sons,New York,NY,1991;Comprehensive Organic Transformations,Larock,VCH Publishers,Inc.,New York,NY,1988;Handbook of Heterocyclic Chemistry,Katritzky and Pozharskii,2ndEd.,Pergamon,New York,NY,2000和本文参考文献中所述的方法。本发明化合物的原料可从容易获得自商业来源的化学前体制备,所述商业来源包括Aldrich Chemical Co.(MilWaukee,WI);SigmaChemical Co.(St.Louis,MO);Lancaster Synthesis(Windham,N.H.);Ryan Scientific(Columbia,S.C.);Maybridge(Cornwall,UK);MatrixScientific(Columbia,S.C.);Arcos(Pittsburgh,PA)和Trans WorldChemicals(Rockville,MD)。
本文所述的合成本发明化合物的方法可包括一个或多个操作保护基团和纯化的步骤,例如重结晶、蒸馏、柱色谱、快速色谱、薄层色谱(TLC)、径向色谱和高压色谱(HPLC)。产物可通过使用各种化学领域已知的技术鉴定,包括质子和碳-13核磁共振(1H和13C NMR)、红外和紫外光谱(IR和UV)、X-射线晶体学、元素分析以及HPLC和质谱(LC-MS)。操作保护基团、纯化、结构鉴定和定量的方法是化学合成领域技术人员已知的。
本发明化合物可通过一种或多种以下流程制备:
流程1:
合适的1,3-二酮1可与芳基肼2反应,获得吡唑-3-甲酸酯3,其容易转化为相应的酰胺4。4与合适的苯基硼酸5在Pd催化的交叉偶联条件下反应[Suzuki等,Chem.Rev.,95:2457,(1995)],可产生所需联苯基吡唑6。已知为Suzuki反应的Pd-催化的交叉偶联反应为合成联芳基化合物最常用方法之一。在该反应中,合适的芳基溴、碘或三氟化合物例如3或4在钯催化剂如乙酸钯以及三苯基膦和碳酸钠水溶液存在下,在溶剂如甲苯和辅溶剂如正丙醇中与芳基硼酸反应[Suzuki等,Claean.Rev.,95:2457,(1995)]。各种芳基硼酸为市售,或通过将相应的芳基溴或碘转化为有机锂衍生物[Baldwin,J.E.等,Tetrahedron Lett.,39:707-710(1998)]或格氏试剂,然后用硼酸三烷基酯处理[Li,J.J.等,J.Med.Clare,38:4570-4578(1995)和Piettre,S.R.等,J.Med Chem.,40:4208-4221(1997)],可方便地从芳基溴或碘制备。
流程2:
在另一种方法中,吡唑6可如流程2中所示合成。可如上所述交叉偶联Boc保护的芳基酰肼8,获得保护的联芳基酰肼9。可在标准条件下在三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液中除去化合物9的Boc保护基团,获得酰肼10的TFA盐,其可用NaOH水溶液脱盐,并与二酮1反应,获得酯11。酯11水解为相应的酸12,其然后与DMF中的羰基二咪唑(CDI)反应,然后与乙酸铵或合适的胺反应,获得吡唑酰胺13。
流程3:
流程3中,联芳基化合物例如11和6可通过分别从相应的卤代化合物如3和4形成芳基硼酸酯(14和16)而制备。在这些Pd催化的偶联反应中芳基硼酸酯可用作芳基硼酸的替代[Giroux,A.等,Tetrahedron Lett.,38,3841(1997)]。硼酸酯容易使用Murata,M.等,J.Org.Chem.65:164-168(2000)中所述的方法,从芳基溴、碘和三氟甲磺酸酯制备。
流程4:
微波140℃持续1200秒
流程3中所述的化学过程也可通过原位形成硼酸酯,然后与合适的芳基卤18在微波加热下偶联,获得吡唑19而完成。
流程5:
吡唑3-甲酰胺21可如流程5中所示从相应的甲酸20制备。醛22可通过用还原剂如氢化二异丁基铝(DIBALH)在-78℃处理酯11而制备。但是,用DIBALH在0℃处理11可获得相应的醇23,其可按流程7转化为氨基甲酸酯27。
流程6:
酮25的合成可通过溴化甲基镁与酰胺24的反应来完成。
流程7:
烯衍生物26可如流程7中所述容易地从醛14制备,其可进一步加工获得合适的本发明化合物。
流程8:
制备异构体吡唑32和33的方案中,α-酮酯29与合适的取代肼反应获得吡唑酯的混合物,其可通过色谱分离。然后单独的酯衍生物与氨反应获得30和31,其在与芳基硼酸的反应后获得32和33。
流程9:
合成吡唑4-甲酰胺38的典型流程如流程9中所示。合适的肼与34反应获得3-氨基-吡唑-4-甲酸酯35,其可在THF中用亚硝酸异戊酯处理(参见例如J.Het.Chem 1987,267页)获得脱氨基吡唑36。
流程10:
流程10中,吡唑酯39可通过与硼氢化锂和格氏试剂的混合物在非质子溶剂如THF中反应,转化为仲醇40。或者,酯39可通过任何某些还原剂还原为伯醇42,还原剂包括氢化锂铝(LAH)、氢化二异丁基铝(DIBALH)和硼氢化钠(NaBH4)。醇40或42可进一步通过任何方法衍化。在一个实施例中,醇40可通过各种氧化剂氧化为酮41,氧化剂包括基于铬的试剂和Swern型试剂(DMSO和草酰氯)。
流程11:
醇48也可如流程11中所示,通过低温下在二氯甲烷中与二乙氨基三氟化硫(DAST)反应,转化为氟衍生物43。
流程12:
吡啶基-吡唑-3-甲酰胺48可如流程12中所示制备。
合适的溶剂为至少部分溶解一种或所有反应物并不不利地与反应物或产物相互作用的溶剂。合适的溶剂包括芳烃(例如甲苯、二甲苯)、卤化溶剂(例如二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯苯)、醚(例如二乙基醚、二异丙基醚、叔丁基甲基醚、二甘醇二甲醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷、苯甲醚)、腈(例如乙腈、丙腈)、酮(例如2-丁酮、二乙基酮(dithyl ketone)、叔丁基甲基酮)、醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、叔丁醇)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)和水。可使用两种或更多溶剂的混合物。通常,合适的碱为碱金属氢氧化物、碱土金属氢氧化物,例如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钡和氢氧化钙;碱金属氢化物和碱土金属氢化物,例如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾和氢化钙;氨基碱金属,例如氨基锂、氨基钠和氨基钾;碱金属碳酸盐和碱土金属碳酸盐,例如碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸氢钠和碳酸氢铯;碱金属醇盐和碱土金属醇盐,例如甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾和乙醇镁;烷基碱金属,例如甲基锂、正丁基锂、仲丁基锂、叔丁基锂、苯基锂和卤化烷基镁;有机碱例如三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙基胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、哌啶、N-甲基哌啶、吗啉、N-甲基吗啉、吡啶、三甲基吡啶、二甲基吡啶和4-二甲氨基吡啶;以及二环胺例如DBU和DABCO。
如上所述,在口服给药剂型组合物的制备中,可使用任何常用药物介质。例如,对于口服液体制剂例如混悬剂、酏剂和溶液剂,可使用水、乙二醇、油、醇、调味剂、防腐剂、着色剂等;或者对于口服固体制剂例如散剂、胶囊剂和片剂,可包含载体例如淀粉、糖、微晶纤维素、稀释剂、造粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂等。由于它们容易给药,片和胶囊代表最有利的口服给药单位形式,其中显而易见地使用固体药物载体。如果需要,片剂可通过标准水性或非水技术包衣。除上述常见给药形式外,给予本发明化合物和组合物时也可使用控释方法和/或传递装置。
应理解的是,合适时,可使用本领域技术人员已知的标准官能团转化技术,进一步操作上述流程中所述化合物中存在的官能团,获得本发明中所述的所需化合物。
除另有具体说明外,实验方法在以下条件下进行:所有操作在室温或环境温度下进行;即在18-25℃范围内进行。溶剂的蒸发使用旋转蒸发仪,在减压(600-4000帕斯卡:4.5-30毫米汞柱)、水浴温度最高60℃下进行。反应过程通过薄层色谱(TLC)监测,给出反应时间仅仅作为说明。熔点未校正,“d”表示分解。给出的熔点从如所述制备的材料获得。多晶形可导致某些制备中分离出具有不同熔点的材料。所有最终产物的结构和纯度通过至少一种以下技术确定:TLC、质谱、核磁共振(NMR)谱或微量分析数据。当给出时,产量仅仅用作说明。当给出时,NMR数据为主要特征性质子δ值的形式,以相对作为内标的四甲基甲硅烷(TMS)的百万分之一(ppm)部分给出,在300MHz、400MHz或500MHz使用所示溶剂测定。用于信号形状的传统缩写为:s.单峰;d.双峰;t.三重峰;m.多重峰;br.宽峰等。此外,“Ar”表示芳族信号。化学符号具有其常见意义;使用以下缩写:v(体积),w(重量),b.p.(沸点),m.p.(熔点),L(升),mL(毫升),g(克),mg(毫克),mol(摩尔),mmol(毫摩尔),eq(当量)。
实施例1
5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺
步骤1:
1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯:
盐酸3-溴苯基肼(2g,8.9mmol)和2,4-二氧代戊酸乙酯(1.69g,10.7mmol)的乙酸溶液(44ml)回流16小时。反应物冷却至室温,减压浓缩。残留物在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。用水、饱和碳酸氢盐和盐水洗涤有机相,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。这样获得的粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(4.8∶0.2己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得产物(2.34g,84%)的淤浆。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.71(s,1H),7.65(d,1H),7.38(d,1H),7.32(t,1H),6.76(s,1H),4.45(q,2H),2.38(s,3H),1.42(t,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 310.3(M+2)+。
步骤2:
1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺:
1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(4.28g,17.8mmol)的2N NaOH溶液(17.85ml)回流16小时。反应物冷却至室温,用10%柠檬酸中和,用乙酸乙酯提取。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩,获得1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸(3.29g,89%)。
向甲酸(3.79g,14.1mmol)的DMF溶液(47ml)中加入1,1-羰基二咪唑(3.45g,21.2mmol),混合物在室温下搅拌3小时。然后加入无水乙酸铵(10.9g,141mmol),反应在室温下再搅拌16小时。反应混合物在乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸氢钠之间分配。有机相用水和盐水洗涤,然后硫酸钠干燥并浓缩。所得粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(2∶3己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得产物的白色固体(3.23g,82%)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.69(s,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.44-7.39(m,2H),6.81(br s,1H),6.77(s,1H),5.50(br s,1H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 281.2(M+1)+。
步骤3:
2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基硼酸:
-78℃下将正丁基锂(5.9ml,9.5mmol)加入1-溴-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯(2g,8.2mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(28ml)中,搅拌45分钟。向反应混合物中滴加硼酸三异丙酯(2.58ml,11.1mmol),将溶液经16小时缓慢升至室温。反应混合物用水猝灭,用2N NaOH调至碱性,用乙酸乙酯提取。水溶液用2N HCl酸化,室温下搅拌1小时,提取至乙酸乙酯中。用水和盐水溶液洗涤有机相,硫酸钠干燥。过滤并浓缩,获得产物的白色固体(1.10g,65%)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.96(dd,J=7.2,1.6Hz,1H),7.53(ddd,J=9.1,7.3,1.8Hz,1H),7.38(td,J=7.3,0.7Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.25(br s,2H)。MS:m/e 206.9(M+1)+。
步骤4:
5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺:
向乙基1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(0.237g,0.8mmol)和2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(0.262g,1.2mmol)的正丙醇/甲苯(1.27ml∶0.42ml)混合溶液中加入四(三苯基膦)合钯(0.019g,0.01mmol)和2M碳酸钠(0.84ml)。反应混合物在90℃加热16小时,然后冷却,在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥和浓缩。粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(3.5∶1.5己烷/丙酮)纯化,获得产物(0.270g,88%)的固体。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.64-7.57(m,3H),7.53-7.41(m,5H),6.85(br s,1H),6.79(s,1H),5.49(br s,1H),2.42(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e:362.0(M+1)+。
实施例2
5-叔丁基-1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺:
盐酸3-溴苯基肼(0.5g,2.2mmol)和5,5-二甲基-2,4-二氧代己酸乙酯(0.54g,2.68mmol)的乙酸溶液(10ml)回流16小时。反应冷却至室温,减压除去溶剂。残留物在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机相用水、饱和碳酸氢盐和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗品通过柱色谱(4.8∶0.2己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得1-(3-溴苯基)-5-叔丁基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(0.59g,74%)的淤浆。
向1-(3-溴苯基)-5-叔丁基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯和2-氯苯基硼酸(0.279g,1.78mmol)的正丙醇∶水(2.35ml∶0.482ml)混合溶液中加入乙酸钯(0.005g)、三苯基膦(0.016g)和2N碳酸钠(0.497ml),溶液回流16小时。向反应物中加入2N NaOH溶液(1.5ml),再回流2小时。冷却溶液,用10%柠檬酸酸化,提取至乙酸乙酯中。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩获得0.212g 5-叔丁基-1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸。
向甲酸(0.062g,0.17mmol)的DMF溶液(1ml)中加入pyBOP(0.138g,0.26mmol)、HOBT(0.035g,0.2mmol)、二乙基异丙胺(0.147ml,0.87mmol)和氯化铵(0.056g,1.05mmol)。反应混合物室温下搅拌16小时,然后冷却,在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过硅胶色谱(3∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得产物(0.062g,64%)的固体。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.61-7.56(m,2H),7.54-7.49(m,2H),7.43(d,1H),7.38-7.321(m,3H),6.80(s,1H),6.75(br s,1H),5.39(br s,1H),1.26(s,9H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 354.2(M+1)+。
实施例3
5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
通过将1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(来自实施例1步骤1)与2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基硼酸(来自实施例1步骤3)在实施例1步骤4所述条件下反应,制备标题化合物。
MS(ESI):m/e 391.0(M+1)+。
实施例4
5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸
将5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(0.39g,1mmol)(来自实施例3)的MeOH(5ml)和2N NaOH(2ml)混合溶液回流16小时。然后冷却反应,用水稀释,用10%柠檬酸酸化,用乙酸乙酯提取。有机相用水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠)并真空浓缩,获得标题产物。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.64-7.57(m,3H),7.53-7.41(m,5H),6.79(s,1H),2.42(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 363.0(M+1)+。
实施例5
1-[4′-氟-2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺:
向乙基1-(3-溴苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(来自实施例1步骤2)(0.069g,0.24mmol)的DMSO溶液(1.14mL)中加入二硼酸二频哪醇酯(0.075g,0.3mmol),然后加入乙酸钾(0.072g,0.74mmol)和PdCl2(dppf)2(0.005g,3mol%)。140℃下在Smith CreatorTM微波反应器(Personal Chemistry,Inc.市售)中加热溶液1200秒。反应混合物冷却至室温,向反应混合物中加入2-溴-5-氟三氟甲苯(0.12g,0.5mmol)、PdCl2(dppf)2(0.005g,3mol%)和2M碳酸钠(0.61mL,1.2mmol)。然后反应在140℃微波辐射2800秒。冷却室温后,反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经10分钟45%-100%乙腈)纯化,获得0.036mg产物(41%产率,保留时间5.1分钟)。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.63-7.59(m,3H),7.49-7.44(m,4H),6.71(s,1H),2.38(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 363.2(M+1)+。
总结于表1中的以下其它实施例使用上述实施例1-5中所述的方法制备:
表1
EX.# | R8 | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R1 | MS(m/e)(M+1) |
6 | H | H | CF3 | H | H | CH3 | 302.9 |
7 | H | H | OCF3 | H | H | CH3 | 319.0 |
8 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | H | 318.8 |
9 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | H | 303.1 |
10 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | CH3 | 316.9 |
11 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CH3 | 332.8 |
12 | H | H | Cl | H | H | CF3 | 323.2 |
13 | H | H | Cl | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 312.0 |
14 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 345.9 |
15 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOCH3 | 361.0 |
16 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 346.9 |
17 | H | H | Cl | H | t-Bu | COOH | 389.2 |
18 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | COOCH3 | 377.1 |
19 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 362.0 |
20 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 363.1 |
21 | H | H | OCF3 | H | COOEt | CH3 | 391.2 |
22 | H | H | CF3 | H | COOEt | CH3 | 375.0 |
23 | H | H | OCF3 | H | COOH | CH3 | 363.1 |
24 | H | H | CF3 | H | COOH | CH3 | 347.0 |
25 | H | H | OH | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 294.2 |
26 | H | H | O-Ph | H | CH3 | COOH | 370.9 |
27 | H | H | O-Ph | H | CH3 | COOMe | 385.0 |
28 | H | H | O-Ph | H | CH3 | COOEt | 399.2 |
29 | H | H | O-Ph | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 370.1 |
30 | H | H | CHO | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 306.1 |
31 | H | 4-Cl | Cl | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 346.0 |
32 | H | 4-CF3 | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 346.0 |
33 | H | 3-CF3 | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 345.8 |
34 | 5-Cl | 3-Cl | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 346.1 |
35 | H | 3-F | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 296.0 |
36 | 5-CF3 | 3-CF3 | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 414.1 |
EX.# | R8 | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R1 | MS(m/e)(M+1) |
62 | H | 4-COCH3 | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 320.1 |
63 | H | 3-COCH3 | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 320.0 |
64 | H | 3-CH3 | CH3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 316.0 |
65 | H | 4-COOH | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 321.9 |
66 | H | 4-CHO | H | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 306.0 |
67 | H | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 414.0 |
68 | H | 6-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 413.9 |
69 | H | 6-F | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 364.1 |
70 | H | 5-F | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 363.9 |
71 | H | 4-Cl | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 380.0 |
72 | H | 3-Cl | Cl | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 346.2 |
73 | H | H | OCH2CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 376.0 |
74 | H | H | OCF3 | F | CH3 | COOEt | 425.0 |
75 | H | H | OCF3 | F | CH3 | CONH2 | 379.9 |
76 | H | H | OCF3 | F | COOEt | CH3 | 424.8 |
77 | H | H | OCF3 | F | CONH2 | CH3 | 380.1 |
78 | H | 3-Cl | Cl | F | CH3 | CONH2 | 409.1 |
79 | H | 4-CF3 | CF3 | F | CH3 | CONH2 | 432.1 |
80 | H | H | OCF3 | F | CH3 | COOH | 381.0 |
81 | H | 5-F | OH | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 312.0 |
82 | H | 5-NMe2 | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 405.1 |
83 | H | 4-F | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 365.0 |
84 | H | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 415.0 |
85 | H | 4-CF3 | F | H | CH3 | COOH | 364.8 |
86 | H | 3-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 414.9 |
87 | H | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CF3 | 386.0 |
88 | H | H | OCF3 | H | t-Bu | CONH2 | 404.1 |
89 | H | H | OCF3 | H | OCH2CH3 | CH3 | 363.0 |
EX.# | R8 | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R1 | MS(m/e)(M+1) |
90 | H | 5-F | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 364.9 |
91 | H | 3-Cl | Cl | H | CH3 | COOH | 347.1 |
92 | H | 4-Cl | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 337.0(M-CO2+1)+ |
93 | H | 3-Cl | Cl | F | CH3 | COOH | 365.0 |
94 | H | 6-Cl | Cl | H | CH3 | COOH | 346.9 |
95 | H | 6-Cl | Cl | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 346.0 |
96 | H | 6-F | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 365.0 |
97 | H | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 345.9 |
98 | H | 6-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | 415.1 |
99 | H | 6-Cl | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | 380.0 |
以下其它实施例也使用实施例1-5中所述的方法制备,总结于表2:
表2
实施例112
1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺:
盐酸3-溴苯基肼(1g,4.4mmol)和2-(乙氧基亚甲基)-4,4,4-三氟-3-氧代丁酸乙酯(1.16g,4.8mmol)的AcOH溶液(20ml)回流16小时,冷却至室温。减压除去溶剂,残留物在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机相用水、饱和碳酸氢盐和盐水溶液洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。获得的粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(使用6%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化,获得标题化合物(0.75g,92%)的淤浆。
向1-(3-溴苯基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯(0.5g,1.37mmol)和2-氯苯基硼酸(0.28g,1.78mmol)的正丙醇∶水(2.35ml∶0.482ml)混合溶液中加入乙酸钯(0.005g)、三苯基膦(0.016g)和2N碳酸钠(0.497ml)。混合物回流16小时。然后加入2N NaOH(1.5ml),再继续回流2小时。冷却反应物,用10%柠檬酸酸化,用乙酸乙酯提取。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩,获得0.402g的1-(3-溴苯基)-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸。
向上述甲酸(0.103g,0.2mmol)的1.4mol DMF溶液中加入pyBOP(0.219g,0.42mmol)、HOBT(0.056g,0.4mmol)、二乙基异丙基乙胺(0.236ml,1.4mmol)和氯化铵(0.090mg,1.6mmol),混合物室温下搅拌16小时。反应混合物在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配,有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(使用60%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化,获得产物(0.034g,32%)的固体。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):8.01(s,1H),7.63-7.52(m,3H),7.42(s,1H),7.52-7.48(m,1H),7.45(d,1H),7.38-7.32(m,2H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 366.2(M+1)+。
实施例113
3-氨基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺:
步骤1:3-氨基-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯:
向盐酸3-溴苯基肼(2.25g,10.1mmol)的乙酸(15.1mL)和水(5.04mL)溶液中加入(乙氧基亚甲基)氰基乙酸乙酯(1.88g,11.1mmol)和乙酸钠(3.02g,22.2mmol),溶液回流16小时。冷却反应,用冰水猝灭。过滤形成的沉淀,用水洗涤,真空干燥24小时,获得2.95g标题化合物(93%产率)。
步骤2:3-氨基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯:
向步骤1产物(0.452g,1.45mmol)的甲苯溶液(4mL)中加入2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(0.450g,2.18mmol)、四(三苯基膦)合钯(0.050g,3mol%)和2M碳酸钠(1.45mL,2.9mmol)。反应回流16小时,然后冷却,在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥。真空浓缩滤液,粗产物通过硅胶色谱使用4%EtOAc/己烷纯化,获得0.42g产物(73%产率)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.83(s,1H),7.63(s,1H),7.62-7.60(d,2H),7.53-7.39(m,5H),5.39(s,2H),4.34(q,2H),1.39(t,3H)。
MS:m/e 392.2(M+1)+。
步骤3:3-氨基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺:
向步骤2的酯(0.215g,5.49mmol)的甲醇溶液中(2.74mL)加入2N NaOH(549mL,1.09mmol),混合物回流3小时。然后冷却反应,用10%柠檬酸酸化,用EtOAc提取。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩,获得0.199g相应的甲酸,其可如此用于随后步骤。
向甲酸(0.186g,5.12mmol)的DMF溶液(2.1mL)加入1,1′-羰基二咪唑(0.25g,1.54mmol),溶液室温下搅拌4小时。加入乙酸铵(0.5g,6.48mmol),室温下继续搅拌16小时。反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配,有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩,获得粗产物。使用反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经12分钟10%-90%乙腈)纯化,获得标题化合物(0.036mg),产率19%(保留时间6.53分钟)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.85(s,1H),7.68-7.65(m,2H),7.58(t,2H),7.53-7.42(m,4H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 363.3(M+1)+。
实施例114
1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺:
步骤1:3-氨基-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯:
向盐酸3-溴苯基肼(2.25g,10.1mmol)的15.1mL乙酸溶液和5.04mL水中加入(乙氧基亚甲基)氰基乙酸乙酯(1.88g,11.1mmol)和乙酸钠(3.02g,22.2mmol),溶液回流16小时。溶液冷却至室温,加入冰水。过滤形成的沉淀,用水洗涤,真空干燥24小时,获得2.95g产物(93%产率)。
步骤2:1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯
向步骤1的酯(0.5g,1.61mmol)的THF溶液(4.3mL)中加入亚硝酸异戊酯(0.434mL,3.23mmol),混合物回流16小时。冷却至室温,浓缩,干燥,无需任何纯化即可用于随后步骤。
步骤3:1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯:
向步骤2产物(0.477g,1.6mmol)的正丙醇溶液(2.76mL)和水(0.56mL)中加入2-氯苯基硼酸(0.328g,2.1mmol)、乙酸钯(0.001g,0.3mol%)、三苯基膦(0.004g,0.9mol%)和2M碳酸钠(0.96mL,1.9mmol),反应回流16小时。冷却反应混合物,在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠、盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥。然后过滤,浓缩,通过色谱使用20%EtOAc/己烷纯化,获得0.412g产物(79%)。
步骤4:1-(2′-氯-1,1′-联苯-3-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺:
步骤3的酯(215mg,0.6mmol)的甲醇(2.19mL)和2N NaOH(0.66mL,1.3mmol)混合溶液回流3小时,然后冷却,用10%柠檬酸酸化。混合物用EtOAc提取。有机相用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩,获得0.2g相应的甲酸。
向甲酸(0.2g,0.6mmol)的DMF溶液(2.6mL)中加入PyBOP(0.522g,1mmol)、HOBT(0.135g,1mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.562mL,3.3mmol)和氯化铵(0.071g,1.3mmol),混合物室温下搅拌16小时。反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配,有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩获得粗产物,其通过快速色谱使用30%EtOAc/己烷纯化,获得0.125g标题产物(63%)。
1HNMR((CD3)2SO)(δ,ppm):8.9(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.84(d,2H),7.62-7.58(m,2H),7.52-7.39(m,4H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 298.3(M+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表3)使用上述实施例113和114中所述方法制备:
表3
实施例123
{5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-基}甲醇:
向冷(0℃)的5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(实施例3)(1.1g,2.82mmo1)的无水二氯甲烷溶液(10mL)中加入DIBAL-H的甲苯溶液(1.0M,6.8mL,6.8mmol)。反应在0℃搅拌30分钟,然后加入0.5mL甲醇。反应升至室温,再连续搅拌30分钟。加入5g Celite和5g无水MgSO4后,滴加饱和NH4Cl水溶液。所得淤浆激烈搅拌1小时。然后过滤混合物,浓缩获得粗产物。获得的粗品醇通过快速硅胶柱色谱纯化,获得纯标题产物的黄色油(0.9g,93%产率)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.52-7.35(m,8H),6.19(s,1H),4.69(s,2H),2.34(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 348.9(M+1)+。
实施例124
5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲醛:
-78℃下,向5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(来自实施例3)(1.1g,2.82mmol)的无水二氯甲烷溶液(10mL)中加入DIBAL-H的甲苯溶液(1.0M,6.8mL,6.8mmol)。在该温度搅拌20分钟后,如实施例123中所述用甲醇猝灭反应。如实施例123中所述进一步处理和纯化,产生标题化合物。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.52-7.35(m,8H),6.19(s,1H),4.69(s,2H),2.34(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 347(M+1)+。
实施例125
{3-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-基}甲醇:
通过以实施例123中所述的方式将3-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯(实施例21)与DIBALH反应,制备标题化合物。
MS(ESI):m/e 349(M+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表4和5)使用上述方法,从实施例123和124的产物制备。
表4
表5
实施例132
甲基氨基甲酸{5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-
基}甲基酯
向实施例123的醇(0.050g,0.14mmol)的无水二氯甲烷溶液(3mL)中加入1,1′-羰基二咪唑(0.023g,0.14mmol)。反应溶液室温下搅拌1小时,然后加入甲胺。反应在相同温度下搅拌过夜。反应用10%HCl水溶液猝灭,用二氯甲烷提取(3次)。合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。产物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化。获得氨基甲酸酯的白色固体,0.0565g,97%产率。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.56-7.37(m,10H),6.37(s,1H),5.59(s,2H),2.36(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 428.0(M+Na)+。
实施例133
氨基甲酸{5-甲基-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-基}
甲基酯
向实施例123的醇(0.050g,0.14mmol)的乙醇溶液(2mL)中加入异氰酸三甲基甲硅烷酯(0.023g,0.14mmol)。反应溶液回流2小时。反应冷却至室温,浓缩。产物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化。获得氨基甲酸酯的白色固体,0.055g,97%产率。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.68-7.24(m,9H),6.20(s,1H),5.15(bs,1H),4.70(s,2H),2.35(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 349.9(M-CONH2+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表6)使用实施例132中所述方法制备。
表6
实施例137
5-甲基-1-{6-[2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]吡啶-2-基}-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
步骤1:
1-(6-氯吡啶-2-基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
向2-氯-6-吡啶肼(0.23g,1.6mmol)的乙酸溶液(5mL)中加入2,4-二氧基戊酸乙酯(0.278g,1.78mmol)。反应在室温下搅拌12小时。浓缩反应物,残留物乙酸乙酯提取,用0.5N HCl和盐水洗涤。获得的粗产物通过快速硅胶柱色谱纯化,获得纯吡唑的白色固体0.165g,产率38%。其相应的区域异构体分离为白色固体,0.214g(50%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):8.01(d,J=8Hz,1H),7.84(t,J=9Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=8Hz,1H),6.74(s,1H),4.46(q,J=7.5,21.5Hz,2H),2.76(s,3H),1.46(t,J=7.0Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 266.0(M+1)+。
步骤2:
5-甲基-1-{6-[2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]吡啶-2-基}-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
向2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(0.192g,0.92mmol)和步骤1的2-氯吡啶化合物(0.165g,0.62mmol)的甲苯-正丙醇溶液(3mL∶3mL)中加入四(三苯基膦)合钯(0.072g,0.062mmol)和碳酸氢钠水溶液(2.0M,0.62mL,1.2mmol)。反应混合物在90℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温后,经Celite垫过滤混合物,用乙酸乙酯洗涤(3次)。浓缩滤液。所得残留物溶于乙酸乙酯,用饱和碳酸钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩后,粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱获得标题化合物的黄色油30mg,产率12.3%。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.95-7.90(m,2H),7.71(m,2H),7.46-7.29(m,3H),6.69(s,1H),4.20(q,J=7.5,21.5Hz,2H),2.41(s,3H),1.51(t,J=7.0Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 413.6(M+Na)+。
实施例138
5-甲基-1-{6-[2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]吡啶-2-基}-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺
实施例137步骤2的酯(0.025g,0.064mmol)的铵-甲醇溶液(7.0M,3mL)(置于密封的试管中)在70℃搅拌2天。冷却后,浓缩反应物获得标题化合物的黄色粉末(0.02g)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.94-7.77(m,3H),7.60(d,J=5Hz,1H),7.46-7.35(m,3H),6.79(s,1H),5.64(bs,1H),5.40(bs,1H),2.35(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 363.1(M+1)+。
实施例139
2-{3-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-1-基}吡啶:(A)
2-{5-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-1-基}吡啶:(B)
步骤1:3-(二甲氨基)-1-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯基-3-基]丙-2-烯-1-酮:
向1-(2′-三氟甲基-1,1′-联苯-3-基)乙酮(0.325g,1.3mmol)的DMF溶液(1.45mL)中加入1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基甲胺(0.18mL,1.43mL),溶液在Smith CreatorTM微波反应器(Personal Chemistry,Inc.市售)中165℃下加热1200秒。混合物冷却至室温,在EtOAc和水之间分配,用盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩获得0.395g粗产物(95%),其如此用于随后步骤。
步骤2:2-{3-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-1-基}吡啶:(A)
2-{5-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-1-基}吡啶:(B)
向步骤1产物(0.224g,0.7mmol)的乙醇溶液(3.5mL)中加入2-肼基吡啶(0.076g,0.7mmol),溶液回流16小时。冷却反应物,用EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥。过滤有机相,浓缩,粗产物通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经12分钟30%-100%乙腈)纯化,获得产物A(0.033g,产率29%,保留时间5.28分钟)和区域异构体产物B(0.021g,产率18%,保留时间7.25分钟)。
产物A:1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):8.39(s,1H),7.93(t,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.60(t,1H),7.52(t,1H),7.49(d,1H),7.48-7.39(m,3H),7.34(d,1H),7.28(d,1H),7.09(s,1H),6.67(s,1H)。MS(ESI):m/e 366.5(M+1)+。
产物B:1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):8.63(s,1H),8.43(d,1H),8.06(d,1H),8.00(d,1H),7.97(t,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.82(d,1H),7.69(t,1H),7.58(t,1H),7.58(t,1H),7.50(t,1H),7.45(d,1H),7.33-7.30(m,2H),6.94(s,1H)。MS(ESI):m/e 366.2(M+1)+。
实施例140
1-甲基-3-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1)
1-甲基-5-[2′-(三氟甲基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(2)
步骤1:3-(3-溴苯基)-3-氧代丙酸乙酯:
0℃下向氢化钠(0.361g,9mmol)的DMF(9.4mL)混悬液中加入3-溴苯乙酮(0.99mL,9.53mmol),室温下搅拌35分钟。反应混合物冷却至0℃,加入草酸二乙酯(1.32mL,9.7mmol),然后室温下搅拌16小时。反应物倾入冰水,用1N HCl酸化。过滤形成的固体沉淀,用冷水洗涤,真空干燥获得标题产物(2.1g,93%)的黄色固体。
步骤2:3-(3-溴苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯:(3)
5-(3-溴苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯:(4)
步骤1的3-(3-溴苯基)-3-氧代丙酸乙酯(1g,3.3mmol)的乙醇溶液(16.5mL)和甲基肼(0.177ml,3.3mmol)回流16小时。冷却反应,用EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠、水和盐水洗涤,然后硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过硅胶色谱,使用20%EtOAc纯化,获得两种区域异构的吡唑酯3和4。
产物3:1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.98(s,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.46(d,1H),7.31(s,1H),7.14(s,1H),4.40(q,2H),4.25(s,3H),1.43(t,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 309.2(M+1)+。
产物4:1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.61(s,2H),7.38(m,2H),6.8(s,1H),4.45(q,2H),3.98(s,3H),1.43(t,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 309.2(M+1)+。
步骤3:3-(3-溴苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(5)
5-(3-溴苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(6)
步骤2的3(0.090g,0.29mmol)的甲醇溶液用氨气饱和,置于密封的试管中,室温下搅拌48小时。然后浓缩反应物,真空干燥获得0.086g标题产物5(95%产率)。类似地从4制备产物6。
步骤4:1-甲基-3-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺
(1)
1-甲基-5-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺
(2)
如实施例137步骤2中所述,甲酰胺5(0.042g,0.1mmol)与2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸反应。获得的粗产物在硅胶色谱上使用(3.5∶1.5;己烷/EtOAc)纯化,获得0.025g(54%)的标题产物1。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.89(s,1H),7.82(d,1H),7.55-7.42(m,6H),7.20(s,1H),4.18(s,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 362.1(M+1)+。
类似地从甲酰胺6(步骤3)获得标题产物2。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.62-7.55(m,5H),7.50-7.44(m,3H),6.84(s,1H),3.96(s,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 362.1(M+1)+。
实施例141
3-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺:
步骤1:3-氧代-3-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]丙酸乙酯:
0℃下将1-(2′-三氟甲氧基-1,1′-联苯-3-基)乙酮(0.63g,2.3mmol)的DMF溶液(3mL)用氢化钠处理,室温下搅拌10分钟。然后加入草酸二乙酯(0.4mL,2.9mmol),室温下继续搅拌16小时。反应混合物倾入冰水,用1N HCl酸化,过滤形成的固体,真空干燥获得标题产物(0.80g,91%产率)。
步骤2:3-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯:
步骤2的酯(0.23g,0.6mmol)、乙醇(2mL)和水合肼(0.026mL,0.9mmol)的混合物回流16小时,冷却至室温,在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过色谱使用20%EtOAc/己烷纯化,获得标题产物(0.095g,42%)的固体。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.88(s,1H),7.81(d,1H),7.57-7.43(m,6H),7.18(s,1H),4.40(q,2H),1.40(t,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e377.5(M+1)+。
步骤3:3-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺:
如实施例140步骤2中所述,在密封的试管中用氨气处理步骤2的吡唑酯(47mg,0.1mmol),通过反相HPLC纯化(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经11分钟40%-100%乙腈),获得标题化合物,产率74%(0.036g,保留时间6.57分钟)。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.84(s,1H),7.77(d,1H),7.57-7.53(m,2H),7.49-7.42(m,3H),7.12(s,1H)。MS(ESI):m/e 348.1(M+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表7)使用实施例141中所述方法制备。
表7
其它本发明实施例总结于表8。
表8
实施例165
1-[6-氟-2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺
步骤1:
1-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
3-氯-4-氟苯基肼(2g,12.4mmol)和2,4-二氧代戊酸乙酯(2.36g,14.9mmol)的乙醇溶液(40ml)回流16小时,然后冷却至室温,在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢盐和盐水溶液洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,通过硅胶柱色谱使用4%EtOAc/己烷纯化,获得产物(2.45g,71%)的固体。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.76(dd,1H),7.56-7.53(m,1H),7.47(t,1H),6.77(s,1H),4.37(q,2H),2.23(s,3H),1.39(t,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 283.1(M+1)+。
步骤2:
1-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺
向冷却的1-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(来自步骤1)(1.0g,3mmol)的MeOH溶液(1.5ml)中通入氨气5分钟。所得混合物置于密封的试管中,室温下搅拌2天。然后真空浓缩反应物,获得的残留物真空干燥,获得标题产物(0.72g,80%)的固体。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.79(dd,1H),7.58-7.54(m,1H),7.45(t,1H),6.71(s,1H),2.39(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 254.2(M+1)+。
步骤3:1-[6-氟-2′-(三氟甲氧基)-1,1′-联苯-3-基]-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-
甲酰胺
向甲酰胺(来自步骤2)(0.063g,0.2mmol)和2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(0.076g,0.37mmol)的二噁烷溶液(1mL)中加入NiCl2(dppf)2(0.002g,1mole%)和磷酸钾(0.158g,0.74mmol),混合物在95℃搅拌16小时。冷却后,反应物在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥。浓缩有机相获得的粗产物通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经10分钟10%-90%乙腈)纯化,获得标题产物(0.009g,9.5%)。
1HNMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.66-7.63(m,1H),7.58-7.39(m,6H),6.71(s,1H),2.37(s,3H)。MS(ESI):m/e 380.1(M+1)+。
以下酰胺类似物(表9)使用实施例1步骤2的方法,用合适的胺代替乙酸铵而制备。
表9
实施例179
步骤1:1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3,5-二甲酸二乙酯:
空气中将3,5-吡唑二甲酸二乙酯(1.0g,4.71mmol)、3-溴苯基硼酸(1.89g,9.42mmol)和氯化二(μ-羟)·二[(N,N,N′,N′-四甲基亚乙基二胺)合铜(II)](0.21g,0.47mmol)在二氯甲烷(22mL)中的混合物搅拌36小时。经短硅胶垫过滤,浓缩,通过柱色谱(己烷∶乙酸乙酯;90∶10)纯化,获得1.45g(85%)产物的白色固体。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.64(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.61-7.60(m,1H),7.51(s,1H),7.40-7.38(m,1H),7.33(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.44(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.27(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),1.27(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 367.2(M+1)+。
步骤2:1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3,5-二甲酰胺:
0℃下向1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3,5-二甲酸二乙酯(0.71g,1.96mmol)的乙醇溶液(5.9mL)中通入氨气5分钟。溶液室温下搅拌16小时。浓缩反应物,通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经15分钟25%-90%乙腈)纯化,获得标题二酰胺(140mg,产率23%,保留时间4.05分钟)的白色固体。
1H NMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.57(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.65-7.63(m,1H),7.52-7.50(m,1H),7.42(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.31(s,1H)。
MS (ESI):m/e 309(M+1)+。
从该反应也获得以下两种其它产物:
5-氨基羰基-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(160mg,产率24%,保留时间6.71分钟)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.73-7.72(m,1H),7.62-7.60(m,1H),7.47-7.45(m,1H),7.35(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.31(s,1H),5.95(br s,1H),5.78(br s,1H),4.48(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.27(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 338.1(M+1)+;和
3-氨基羰基-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯(130mg,产率19%,保留时间7.35分钟)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.63-7.62(m,2H),7.54(s,1H),7.40-7.34(m,2H),6.78(br s,1H),5.53(br s,1H),4.27(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.28(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 338.1(M+1)+。
步骤3:1-[2′-(三氟甲基)联苯-3-基-1]-1H-吡唑-3,5-二甲酰胺:
向1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3,5-二甲酰胺(90mg,0.28mmol)和2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(116mg,0.56mmol)的乙醇/甲苯混合溶液(0.23mL∶0.70mL)中加入四(三苯基膦)合钯(6.5mg,0.005mmol)和2N碳酸钠(0.28mL,0.56mmol)。在90℃加热反应混合物16小时,冷却,在乙酸乙酯和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,浓缩。粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱(0.5∶4.5己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得产物(65mg,59%)的白色固体。
1H NMR(CD3OD)(δ,ppm):7.61(s,1H),7.59-7.55(m,4H),7.51-7.42(m,3H),7.29(s,1H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 391.4(M+1)+。
实施例180
3-(氨基羰基)-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯:
向(3-氨基羰基)-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸乙酯(62mg,0.18mmol)的乙醇溶液(0.61mL)中加入2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(75mg,0.36mmol),然后加入PdCl2(dppf)2(2.4mg,0.003mmol)。溶液在Smith CreatorTM微波反应器(Personal Chemistry,Inc.市售)中150℃下加热1000秒。冷却至室温后,反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,然后硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经15分钟25%-90%乙腈)纯化,获得55mg产物(72%产率,保留时间8.9分钟)的白色固体。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.65-7.63(m,1H),7.60-7.57(m,3H),7.52-7.39(m,5H),6.84(br s,1H),5.51(br s,1H),4.28(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.27(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 420.1(M+1)+。
实施例181
5-(氨基羰基)-1-[2′-(三氟甲氧基)联苯-3-基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯
向5-(氨基羰基)-1-(3-溴苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲酸乙酯(62mg,0.18mmol)的乙醇溶液(0.61mL)中加入2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(75mg,0.36mmol),然后加入PdCl2(dppf)2(2.4mg,0.003mol)。溶液在SmithCreatorTM微波反应器中(Personal Chemistry,Inc.市售)在150℃下加热1000秒。冷却至室温后,反应混合物在EtOAc和水之间分配。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠和盐水洗涤,硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物通过反相HPLC(乙腈/水体系)(梯度:经15分钟25%-90%乙腈)纯化,获得45mg产物(59%产率,保留时间8.6分钟)的白色固体。
1HNMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.61-7.51(m,4H),7.46-7.39(m,5H),6.14(br s,1H),5.88(br s,1H),4.44(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 420.1(M+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表10)使用实施例179-181中所述的方法制备。
表10
实施例# | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R2 | R1 | MS:m/e(M+1) |
182 | H | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 375 |
183 | H | OCF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 391 |
184 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 443 |
185 | 5-F | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 393 |
186 | 5-CF3 | OCF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 459 |
187 | H | OCHF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 373 |
188 | 5-CF3 | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 443 |
189 | 6-F | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 393 |
190 | 4-F | OCH2CF3CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 473 |
191 | 6-CF3 | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 443 |
192 | H | OCH(CH3)2 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 365 |
193 | 3-OCF3 | OCH2CF3CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 539 |
194 | 3-CF3 | OCH2CF3CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 523 |
195 | 5-F | OCH2CF3CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 473 |
196 | 5-F | OCF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 409 |
197 | 4-F | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 393 |
198 | H | CF3 | H | CONH-Et | H | CONH-Et | 431 |
199 | H | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | CONH-Et | 403 |
200 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CONH2 | H | CONH2 | 409 |
201 | H | OCF3 | H | CONH-Et | H | CONH2 | 419 |
202 | H | OCF3 | H | COOEt | H | COOEt | 449 |
203 | H | CF3 | H | COOEt | H | COOEt | 433 |
204 | H | OCF3 | H | COOEt | H | CONH2 | 420 |
205 | H | CF3 | H | COOEt | H | CONH2 | 404 |
206 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | COOEt | H | CONH2 | 472 |
实施例# | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R2 | R1 | MS:m/e(M+1) |
207 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | COOEt | 472 |
208 | H | OCF3 | H | CONH2 | H | COOEt | 420 |
209 | H | CF3 | H | CONH2 | H | COOEt | 404 |
210 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | COOH | H | COOEt | 439 |
211 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | COOH | H | CONH2 | 410 |
212 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CONH2 | H | COOEt | 438 |
213 | H | OCF3 | H | COOH | H | CONH2 | 392 |
214 | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | COOMe | COOEt | 449 |
215 | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | COOH | 407 |
216 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | COOH | 459 |
217 | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 405 |
218 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 457 |
219 | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | COOH | 391 |
220 | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 389 |
221 | 5-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 457 |
222 | 5-CF3 | CF3 | H | CH3 | COOH | COOH | 459 |
223 | H | CF3 | 4-OCF3 | CH3 | COOMe | COOH | 488 |
224 | H | OCF3 | 4-OCF3 | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 489 |
225 | H | CF3 | 4-OCF3 | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 473 |
226 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CH3 | COOEt | COOEt | 481 |
227 | H | CF3 | 4-F | CH3 | COOEt | COOEt | 465 |
228 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CH3 | COOEt | CONH2 | 451 |
229 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 423 |
230 | H | CF3 | 4-F | CH3 | COOEt | CONH2 | 435 |
231 | H | CF3 | 4-F | CH3 | CONH2 | CONH2 | 407 |
232 | H | OCF3 | 4-F | CH3 | COOH | COOH | 425 |
233 | H | Cl | H | H | CONH-Me | H | 311 |
234 | H | Cl | H | H | CONH2 | CF3 | 365 |
235 | H | OCF3 | H | H | COOEt | NH2 | 391 |
236 | H | CF3 | H | H | COOEt | NH2 | 376 |
237 | H | OCF3 | H | H | COOH | H | 349 |
实施例# | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R2 | R1 | MS:m/e(M+1) |
238 | H | OCF3 | H | H | COOEt | H | 377 |
239 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | H | COOEt | NH2 | 444 |
240 | H | OCF3 | H | H | COOH | NH2 | 364 |
241 | H | OCF3 | H | H | CONH2 | H | 347 |
242 | H | OCF3 | H | H | CONH2 | NH2 | 363 |
243 | H | OCF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | CH3 | 376 |
244 | H | Cl | H | H | CONH2 | H | 297 |
实施例245
步骤1:
向冷的(0℃)5-硝基-3-吡唑甲酸(500mg,3.2mmol)的无水甲醇溶液(5mL)中滴加亚硫酰氯(417mL,3.5mmol)。反应在0℃搅拌30分钟,回流1小时。真空浓缩反应溶液,获得甲酯盐酸盐的白色固体570mg,MS(ESI):m/e 172.03(M+1)+。氮气下将上述甲酯溶于甲醇,老化20分钟后,小心加入10%碳载Pd,混合物在氢气氛下搅拌6小时。经Celite垫滤出Pd催化剂。浓缩所得溶液,获得黄白色固体419.5mg,两步产率93%。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):6.02(s,1H),6.20-5.70(bs,2H),3.87(s,3H),3.47(s,1H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 109.95(M-OMe)+。
步骤2:
向5-氨基-3-吡唑甲酯(400mg,2.84mmol)(来自步骤1)的无水二氯甲烷溶液(3mL)中加入3-溴苯基硼酸(800mg,4.0mmol)和氯化二(μ-羟)·二[(N,N,N′,N′-四亚甲基二胺)合铜(II)](264mg,0.57mmol)。反应混合物在空气下回流24小时。然后经Celite垫过滤。滤饼用二氯甲烷(3X)洗涤,真空浓缩合并的有机相。粗产物(区域异构体的混合物)经硅胶柱色谱纯化,获得标题产物的黄色固体(140mg,17%产率)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.62(s,1H),7.54(d,1H,J=8Hz),7.42(bs,1H),7.36(d,1H,J=7Hz),7.31(m,2H),6.44(bs,1H),3.84(s,3H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 298.06(M+1)+。
步骤3:
在密封的试管中将3-溴苯基吡唑甲酯(300mg,1mmol)(来自步骤2)与氨-甲醇(7.0N,4mL)混合,在70℃加热过夜。冷却后,浓缩反应混合物,获得相应的酰胺产物的黄色泡沫220mg(73%)。向2-三氟甲氧基苯基硼酸(134mg,0.65mmol)和上述3-溴苯基吡唑酰胺(130mg,0.46mmol)的甲苯(4mL)和甲醇(1mL)溶液中加入四(三苯基膦)合钯(106mg,0.13mmol)和碳酸钠水溶液(2.0M,0.5mL,1.3mmol)。反应混合物在90℃搅拌14小时。冷却至室温后,经Celite垫过滤混合物,用乙酸乙酯洗涤(3X)。真空浓缩合并的滤液,所得残留物溶于乙酸乙酯。有机相用饱和碳酸钠水溶液和盐水洗涤,然后经无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩后,粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,获得标题化合物的黄色固体(125mg,75%产率)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)(δ,ppm):7.80-7.70(m,3H),7.59-7.44(m,6H),6.79(bs,1H),5.40(bs,1H)。
MS(ESI):m/e 363.16(M+1)+。
以下其它实施例(总结于表11和12)使用实施例141中所述的方法制备。
表11
实施例# | R7 | R6 | R4 | R3 | R2 | R1 | MS:m/e(M+1) |
263 | H | OCF3 | F | H | COOH | H | 380 |
264 | 5-CF3 | CF3 | H | H | COOH | H | 401 |
265 | 5-CF3 | CF3 | H | H | CONH2 | H | 400 |
266 | H | CF3 | H | CH3 | CONH2 | t-Bu | 402 |
267 | H | OCF3 | H | H | COOH | t-Bu | 405 |
268 | H | OCF3 | H | H | CONH2 | t-Bu | 404 |
269 | 6-F | CF3 | H | H | CONH3 | H | 350 |
270 | 6-F | CF3 | H | H | COOH | H | 351 |
271 | 5-F | OCF3 | H | H | COOH | H | 367 |
272 | 5-F | OCF3 | H | H | CONH2 | H | 366 |
273 | 4-CF3 | CF3 | H | H | CONH2 | H | 400 |
274 | H | OCF3 | H | H | CONHNMe2 | H | 391 |
表12
其它变化或修改对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的,在本发明的范围和教导内。本发明只被以下权利要求限制。
Claims (44)
1.一种式(I)、(II)、(III)或(IV)表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐:
其中
HET为以下杂环的一种:
R1为
(a)H;
(b)C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基或C1-C4-烷基-[C3-C6-环烷基],它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-O-C1-C6-烷基、-O-C3-C6-环烷基、-S-C1-C6-烷基或-S-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(e)-OH;
(f)-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(g)-OCON(Ra)(Rb)或-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb);
(h)-SH或-SCON(Ra)(Rb);
(i)NO2;
(j)NRaRb、-N(CORa)Rb、-N(SO2Ra)Rb、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)2、-N(ORa)CONRaRb、-N(Ra)SO2Ra或-N(Ra)CON(Ra)2;
(k)-CH(ORa)Ra、-C(ORb)CF3、-CH(NHRb)Ra、-C(=O)Ra、C(=O)CF3、-SOCH3、-SO2CH3、COORa、CN、CONRaRb、-COCONRaRb、-SO2NRaRb、-CH2O-SO2NRaRb、SO2N(Ra)ORa、-C(=NH)NH2、-CRa=N-ORa、CH=CHCONRaRb;
(l)-CONRa(CH2)0-2C(Ra)(Rb)(CH2)0-2CONRaRb;
(m)四唑基、四唑啉酮基、三唑基、三唑啉酮基、咪唑基、咪唑酮基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡唑酮基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基或苯基,它们任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)Ra,v)C1-C6-烷基,vi)-O-Ra,vii)-NRaRb,viii)-C0-C4-烷基-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-C4-烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,x)-(C0-C4-烷基)-CO-NRaRb,xi)-S(O)0-2Ra,xii)-SO2NRaRb,xiii)-NHSO2Ra,xiv)-C1-C4-全氟烷基和xv)-O-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(n)-C(Ra)=C(Rb)-COORa或-C(Ra)=C(Rb)-CONRaRb;
(o)
(p)哌啶-1-基,吗啉-1-基,吡咯烷-1-基,哌嗪-1-基或4-取代哌嗪-1-基,它们任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)-CN,ii)-C(=O)(Ra),iii)C1-C6-烷基、iv)-ORa,v)-NRaRb,vi)-C0-C4-烷基-CO-ORa,vii)-(C0-C4-烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-C4-烷基)-CON(Ra)(Rb),ix)-SRa,x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-C4-全氟烷基和xiv)-O-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
Ra为
(a)H;
(b)C1-C4-烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、-OCONH2、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基)、-OCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、-OCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、NH2、NH(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、NHCONH2、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基)、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、-NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、N(C1-C4烷基)CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、COO-(C1-C4-烷基)、COOH、CN、CONH2、CONH(C1-C4烷基)、CON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、SO2NH2、SO2NH(C1-C4烷基)、SO2NH(C1-C4烷基-芳基)、SO2N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHSO2NH2、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)C0-C4-烷基-(C1-C4)-全氟烷基;或
(d)-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(C1-C4-烷基),v)-O(C1-C4-烷基),vi)-N(C1-C4-烷基)(C1-C4-烷基),vii)-C1-10烷基和viii)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
Rb为
(a)H;或
(b)C1-C6-烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、-OCONH2、-OCONH(C1-C4烷基)、NH2、NH(C1-C4烷基)、N(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、NHCONH2、NHCONH(C1-C4烷基)、-NHCON(C1-C4烷基)(C1-C4烷基)、COO-(C1-C4-烷基)、COOH、CN或CONH2;
R2为:
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C4-烷基、-C3-C6-环烷基或-C1-C4-烷基-(C3-C6)-环烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(d)芳基或-(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4-烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(e)-C(=O)(Ra)、-CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、-SO2Ra、N(Ra)CORa、-SO2N(Ra)(Rb);
R3为
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C4-烷基、-C3-C6-环烷基或-C1-C4-烷基-(C3-C6)-环烷基,任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、S(O)0-2-(C1-C4)烷基、O-CONRaRb、NRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、COO-(C1-C4)烷基、COOH、CN、CONRaRb、SO2NRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(d)芳基或-(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4-烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(e)-O-C1-C4-烷基、-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基、-O-芳基或-O(C1-C4-烷基)-芳基;
(f)-C(=O)(Ra)、-SO2Ra、-SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、CN、NRaRb、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、OCONRaRb、O(C1-C4-烷基)CONRaRb、-OSO2NRaRb、COORa、N(Ra)CORa或CONRaRb;
R4和R5各自独立为:
(a)H;
(b)-C1-C6-烷基、-C2-C6-烯基、-C2-C6-炔基或-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、-O-(C1-C4)烷基、CN、-N(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)CO-(C1-C4)烷基、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)或苯基;
(c)-O-C0-C6-烷基、-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;或
(e)CN、NH2、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、OCON(Ra)(Rb)O(C1-C4-烷基)CONRaRb、-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)或芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基;
R6、R7和R8各自独立为:
(a)H;
(b)C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基或C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、OCON(Ra)(Rb)、NRaRb、COORa、CN、CONRaRb、N(Ra)CONRaRb、N(Ra)SO2NRaRb、SO2NRaRb、S(O)0-2(C1-C4-烷基)、-C(=NH)NH2、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(c)-O-C1-C6-烷基、-O-C3-C6-环烷基、-S-C1-C6-烷基或-S-C3-C6-环烷基,它们任选被一个或多个以下取代基取代:F、CF3、OH、O-(C1-C4)烷基、NH2、NH(C1-C4-烷基)、N(C1-C4-烷基)2、COOH、CN、CONH2、CONH(C1-C4-烷基)、CONH(C1-C4-烷基)2、SO2NH2、SO2NH(C1-C4-烷基)、四唑基、三唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、吡咯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基或哌嗪基;
(d)-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基或-O-C0-C4-烷基-C1-C4-全氟烷基;
(e)-O-芳基或-O-C1-C4-烷基-芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C置换的-C1-10烷基;
(f)CN、N(Ra)(Rb)、NO2、F、Cl、Br、I、-ORa、-SRa、-OCON(Ra)(Rb)、-OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、COORb、CON(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)CON(Ra)(Rb)、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、-C(ORb)Ra、-C(ORa)CF3、-C(NHRa)CF3、-C(=O)Ra、C(=O)CF3、-SOCH3、-SO2CH3、-NHSO2(C1-6-烷基)、-NHSO2-芳基、SO2N(Ra)(Rb)、-CH2OSO2N(Ra)(Rb)、SO2N(Rb)-ORa、-C(=NH)NH2、-CRa=N-ORa、CH=CH或芳基,其中芳基为苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、三唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基或噁二唑基,它们的任何芳基任选被1-3个选自以下的取代基取代:i)F、Cl、Br、I,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-C(=O)(Ra),v)-ORa,vi)-NRaRb,vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-ORa,viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-ORa,ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(Ra)(Rb),x)-S(O)0-2Ra,xi)-SO2N(Ra)(Rb),xii)-NRaSO2Ra,xiii)-C1-10烷基和xiv)其中一个或多个烷基碳可被-NRa-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-C(O)-N(Ra)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)-、-C=C-或-C≡C置换的-C1-10烷基;
或当R6和R7存在于相邻碳原子上时,R6和R7可与它们连接的环一起形成选自以下的二环芳环:萘基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹喔啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基和苯并咪唑基,它们的任何芳环任选被1-4个选自以下的独立取代基取代:i)卤素,ii)-CN,iii)-NO2,iv)-CHO,v)-O-C1-4烷基,vi)-N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),vii)-C0-4烷基-CO-O(C0-4烷基),viii)-(C0-4烷基)-NH-CO-O(C0-4烷基),ix)-(C0-4烷基)-CO-N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),x)-S(C0-4烷基),xi)-S(O)(C1-4烷基),xii)-SO2(C0-4烷基),xiii)-SO2N(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),xiv)-NHSO2(C0-4烷基)(C0-4烷基),xv)-C1-10烷基和xvi)其中一个或多个碳可被-N(C0-6烷基)-、-O-、-S(O)1-2-、-O-C(O)-、-C(O)-O-、-C(O)-N(C0-6烷基)-、-N(C0-6烷基)-C(O)-、-N(C0-6烷基)-C(O)-N(C0-6烷基)-、-C(O)-、-CH(OH)、-C=C-或-C≡C-置换的-C1-10烷基。
2.权利要求1的化合物或其药物可接受盐,所述化合物由式(I)表示。
3.权利要求2的化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,并连接在邻位上。
4.权利要求1的化合物或其药物可接受盐,所述化合物由式(II)表示。
5.权利要求4的化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,并连接在邻位上。
6.权利要求1的化合物或其药物可接受盐,所述化合物由式(III)表示。
11.权利要求6的化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中HET为
12.权利要求6的化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,并连接在邻位上。
13.权利要求1的化合物或其药物可接受盐,所述化合物由式(IV)表示。
19.权利要求13的化合物或其药物可接受盐,其中R6不是H,并连接在邻位上。
20.一种下式表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐
25.一种下式表示的化合物或其药物可接受盐
28.权利要求1的化合物或其药物可接受盐,所述化合物由下式表示
30.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含治疗有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐,以及药物可接受载体。
31.权利要求27的药物组合物,所述组合物还包含第二种选自以下的治疗药物:i)阿片激动剂,ii)阿片拮抗剂,iii)钙通道拮抗剂,iv)5HT受体激动剂,v)5HT受体拮抗剂,vi)钠通道拮抗剂,vii)NMDA受体激动剂,viii)NMDA受体拮抗剂,ix)COX-2选择性抑制剂,x)NK1拮抗剂,xi)非甾体抗炎药,xii)选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂,xiii)选择性5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂,xiv)三环抗抑郁药,xv)去甲肾上腺素调节剂,xvi)锂,xvii)丙戊酸盐和xviii)加巴喷丁。
32.一种治疗或预防疼痛的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
33.一种治疗慢性、内脏性、炎性和神经病性疼痛综合症的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
34.一种治疗以下情况导致或与其相关的疼痛的方法,所述情况为外伤性神经损伤、神经压迫或夹压、带状疱疹后神经痛、三叉神经痛、糖尿病性神经病、癌症和化疗,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
35.一种治疗慢性腰痛的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
36.一种治疗假性肢痛的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
37.一种治疗以下疼痛的方法,所述疼痛为HIV和HIV治疗引起的神经病、慢性骨盆痛、神经瘤疼痛、复杂区域疼痛综合症、慢性关节炎性疼痛和相关神经痛,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
38.一种施用局部麻醉的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
39.一种治疗应激性结肠综合症和节段性回肠炎的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
40.一种治疗癫痫以及部分性和全面强直癫痫发作的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
41.一种在中风或神经外伤导致局部缺血的情况下保护神经的方法,所述方法包括给予向有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
42.一种治疗多发性硬化症的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
43.一种治疗双相性精神障碍的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
44.一种治疗心律失常的方法,所述方法包括给予有需要的患者治疗有效量或预防有效量的权利要求1化合物或其药物可接受盐的步骤。
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EP (1) | EP1615895A4 (zh) |
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CN (2) | CN101333192A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004230854A1 (zh) |
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- 2004-03-30 JP JP2006509477A patent/JP2006522130A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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CN109369617A (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-22 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 一种1-(2-吡啶基)-吡唑-3-甲酸及其衍生物的合成方法 |
CN109369617B (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-07-31 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 一种1-(2-吡啶基)-吡唑-3-甲酸及其衍生物的合成方法 |
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CN1798738A (zh) | 2006-07-05 |
WO2004092140A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
EP1615895A1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
US20060183785A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
EP1615895A4 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
JP2006522130A (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
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CA2520804A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
US7589116B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
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