CN101274464A - 模具 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN101274464A
CN101274464A CNA2007102003485A CN200710200348A CN101274464A CN 101274464 A CN101274464 A CN 101274464A CN A2007102003485 A CNA2007102003485 A CN A2007102003485A CN 200710200348 A CN200710200348 A CN 200710200348A CN 101274464 A CN101274464 A CN 101274464A
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mould
master mold
medium
male model
medium channel
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张浚元
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Kang Zhun Electronical Technology Kunshan Co ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CNA2007102003485A priority Critical patent/CN101274464A/zh
Priority to US11/956,350 priority patent/US7798803B2/en
Publication of CN101274464A publication Critical patent/CN101274464A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0025—Applying surface layers, e.g. coatings, decorative layers, printed layers, to articles during shaping, e.g. in-mould printing
    • B29C37/0028—In-mould coating, e.g. by introducing the coating material into the mould after forming the article
    • B29C37/0032—In-mould coating, e.g. by introducing the coating material into the mould after forming the article the coating being applied upon the mould surface before introducing the moulding compound, e.g. applying a gelcoat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/10—Forming by pressure difference, e.g. vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0025—Applying surface layers, e.g. coatings, decorative layers, printed layers, to articles during shaping, e.g. in-mould printing
    • B29C37/0028—In-mould coating, e.g. by introducing the coating material into the mould after forming the article
    • B29C2037/0042—In-mould coating, e.g. by introducing the coating material into the mould after forming the article the coating being applied in solid sheet form, e.g. as meltable sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B29C2045/14213—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure deforming by gas or fluid pressure in the mould cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
    • B29C2045/14286—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure means for heating the insert
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C2045/1486—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
    • B29C2045/14868—Pretreatment of the insert, e.g. etching, cleaning
    • B29C2045/14877—Pretreatment of the insert, e.g. etching, cleaning preheating or precooling the insert for non-deforming purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14008—Inserting articles into the mould
    • B29C45/14016—Intermittently feeding endless articles, e.g. transfer films, to the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14688—Coating articles provided with a decoration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种模具，包括一母模及一与母模相配合的公模，该母模开设一模穴与至少一将模穴内气体排出的排气槽，该公模开设一介质通道，介质通道可与一介质源连通以向该模具内通入介质。本模具可通过在母模侧通过排气槽抽真空与公模侧通入介质加压的双重作用，极大延伸公母模间箔膜本身的拉伸长度，且可达到使得箔膜即便是在小角度及大深度情况下也可与母模模穴完美贴合的效果。

Description

模具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种模内装饰装置，特别涉及一种模内装饰用的模具。
背景技术
模内装饰(IMD，In Mold Decoration)是目前广泛应用于信息及家电产品的表面装饰技术，常用在笔记本计算机外壳，手机窗口镜片及外壳、洗衣机控制面板、冰箱控制面板、空调控制面板、汽车仪表盘、电饭煲控制面板多种领域的面板、标志等外观件上。
IMD又分为IML(In Mold Label)、IMR(In Mold Roller)，这两种工艺的最大区别就是产品表面是否有一层透明的保护薄膜。
IML的中文名称为模内镶件注塑，其工艺非常显著的特点是：表面是一层硬化的透明薄膜，中间是印刷图案层，背面是塑料层，由于油墨夹在中间，可使产品防止表面被刮花和耐磨擦，并可长期保持颜色的鲜明不易退色。
IMR的中文名称为模内转印，此工艺是将图案印刷在箔膜(foil)上，通过送膜机将箔膜与塑模模穴贴合，贴合方式是采用在常温状态抽真空将箔膜吸附定位于模穴内，之后进行注塑，注塑后有图案的油墨层与箔膜分离，油墨层留在塑件上而得到表面有装饰图案的塑件，在最终的产品表面是没有一层透明的保护膜，箔膜只是生产过程中的一个载体。IMR的优势在于生产时的自动化程度高和大批量生产的成本较低。
现有IMR制程中，仅依靠母模侧在常温状态抽真空将箔膜吸附定位于母模模穴内，因此箔膜拉深深度受限于箔膜基体层本身在常温状态时的拉伸极限，例如当箔膜本身被拉伸超过其自然状态20％时可能会破损或被拉断；再者当母模模穴设计有小角度(特别是锐角角度时)结构时，由于抽真空产生的负压的大小及箔膜基体层材料的常温变形的限制，箔膜亦不易完全的与模穴的形状相契合。
基于以上现有技术的缺失，业界已出现对箔膜预先加热的制程，如现有技术中揭示了一种在合模前对箔膜进行加热的独立加热装置，该加热装置是独立于模具外部，当需要加热时需另外的传送装置将该加热装置送至公母模具之间对箔膜加热，加热后，再由该传送装置将该加热装置从公母模之间移出。因此，现有技术不仅需要设计加热装置及配合其使用的传送装置，致使整个设备结构庞大，成本较高；并且导致整个制程时间增长，效率较低。且该项技术中亦存在箔膜拉深深度及小角度结构有所限制的缺失。
发明内容
基于以上，有必要提供一种可增加箔膜拉深深度及角度范围的模具。
一种模具，包括一母模及一与所述母模相配合的公模，所述母模开设一模穴与至少一将模穴内气体排出的排气槽，所述公模开设一介质通道，介质通道可与一介质源连通以向所述模具内通入介质。
本模具可通过在母模侧通过排气槽抽真空与公模侧通入介质加压的双重作用，极大延伸公母模间箔膜本身的拉伸长度，且可达到使得箔膜即便是在小角度及大深度情况下也可与母模模穴完美贴合的效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明模具的较佳实施方式的剖视图。
图2是本发明模具的较佳实施方式的母模的剖视图。
图3与图4是本发明模具的较佳实施方式的公模的介质通道部分的剖视图，分别表示其两个不同的状态。
图5是本发明模具的较佳实施方式的母模与箔膜相贴合的剖视图。
图6是本发明模具的较佳实施方式合模后并向模穴内充气状态的剖视图。
图7是本发明模具的较佳实施方式合模后射胶成型状态的剖视图。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1，一种模内转印装置用于在注射成型的同时将箔膜100上的图案转印于工件上，其包括送膜装置10、公模20、母模30、压合框40及热介质源90。
请一并参阅图2，该母模30开设一模穴31，模穴31包括一第一表面A1，一第二表面A2及一第三表面A3，模穴31开口位置第一表面A1与第二表面A2间的连线长度为L，母模30于模穴31内及其周围开设有若干排气槽32，排气槽32一端与抽真空装置相连。母模30周缘与排气槽32间设置有密封圈33。
请继续参阅图1，公模20包括一与母模30的模穴31相对应的配合部21，邻近公模20的配合部21开设若干排气槽23，每一排气槽23连接一可调泄压阀80，泄压阀80的泄压阀值可根据成型条件所需的压力变化作调节。该公模20周缘与排气槽23之间开设有收容对应压合框40的收容槽25，收容槽25内装设有密封圈27。
请一并参阅图3与图4，该公模20穿过该配合部21开设若干介质通道29，介质通道29包括一开设于配合部21的喇叭口状的开口291及自开口291的较细端向公模20内延伸的通道本体295。介质通道29的通道本体295远离开口291处开设一流道296并通过一管路91与热介质源90相连。介质通道29的通道本体295远离开口291的一端为一固定体298，固定体298开设一通孔。可以理解，该介质通道29的数量应视产品实际需求而定。介质通道29内装设一开关装置，本实施方式中该开关装置为柱塞70，柱塞70包括与介质通道29的形状相配合的圆台状柱塞头71、一与柱塞头71相连的杆部73及一可固定于该杆部73另一端的固定件75，该柱塞头71用于封闭该介质通道29的开口291，柱塞70的杆部73远离柱塞头71的一端穿过该固定体298的通孔并穿设于一弹性元件内，该弹性元件在本实施方式中为一弹簧79，该固定件75固定于该杆部73的末端将该弹簧79限制于该固定体298与该固定件75之间。
该热介质源90可为气体，气体可通过一电阻丝或者红外线加热器(IR Heater)加热后通过一调压阀与管路91连通，其中电阻丝可以为可变电阻，因而可以根据成型条件对气体温度作调节。另外，气体也可以利用模具水道产生的热量加温。调压阀可根据成型压力需要调节输出气体的气压。
送膜装置10包括分设于模具上下游的两箔膜传送轮13及对箔膜传送方向导向的两导向轮15。
箔膜100包括一基体层与印刷于基体层的转印层，基体层一般为PC/PBT等高分子材料制成，转印层一般为用油墨或涂料印刷至基体层上的图案或文字。
请一并参阅图5，合模前，送膜装置10通过传送轮13的传送及导向轮15的导向，将箔膜100沿竖直方向自上而下地送入公母模之间并定位，箔膜100覆盖于母模30表面，之后压合框40将箔膜100压制于母模30表面，同时配合密封圈33，使箔膜100与模穴31之间形成一第一气密空间。抽真空装置通过排气槽32将该第一气密空间的部分空气抽出，将箔膜100向模穴31内吸入一部分。
请一并参阅图6，合模时，压合框40收容于公模20的收容槽25内并压抵公模20的密封圈27，使箔膜100与公模20之间形成一第二气密空间。此时排气槽23与该第二气密空间相通。关闭泄压阀80，并对泄压阀80设定一泄压阀值。热介质源90通过管路91向介质通道29内通一定压力的热介质(本实施方式中为热空气)，热空气推动柱塞70向母模30侧运动，露出介质通道29的开口291，热空气通过介质通道29向箔膜100吹气并加压(如图4所示)，箔膜100的基体层软化，且在母模30侧通过排气槽32抽真空及通过公模20介质通道29的注入的热空气加温与加压的共同作用下箔膜100完全贴附于母模30的模穴31内壁。热介质源90停止供气，柱塞70在弹簧79的回复力作用下反向运动，将介质通道29封闭。
请一并参阅图7，向母模30模穴31内射胶，当母模30模穴31内气压大于泄压阀阀值时，泄压阀80自动打开，将母模30模穴31内的气体泄出，继续射胶，直到充满母模30的模穴31。保压冷却，最后开模，取出成型品，箔膜100的转印层将附着于成型品表面，其基体层由于压合框40的压制将同转印层剥离。之后松开压合框40，继续开动送膜装置10，箔膜100位于前一成型周期内的基体层自公母模30间移出，并开始下一成型周期。
本发明的技术方案中通过合模后对箔膜加热及在母模30侧抽真空与公模20侧吹气加压的双重作用，可极大延伸箔膜本身的拉伸长度，且可达到使得箔膜100即便是在小角度及大深度情况下也可与母模30的模穴31完美贴合的效果。例如当母模30的模穴31的第一表面A1、第二表面A2及第三表面A3的尺寸关系符合关系式a1+a2+a3＞＝(1+20％)*L时，其中第一表面A1的长度为a1，第二表面A2的长度为a2，第三表面A3的长度为a3，也可达到箔膜100与母模30的模穴31完美贴合的效果。
作为本发明的另一实施方式，其中介质通道29的开关装置亦可为装设于介质通道29开口的可打开及自动关闭的阀门。另外，介质源10中的介质也可为液体(如水)，公模20相应地设置将液体介质排出的通道。

Claims (10)

1. 一种模具，包括一母模及一与所述母模相配合的公模，所述母模开设一模穴与至少一将模穴内气体排出的排气槽，其特征在于：所述公模开设一介质通道，介质通道可与一介质源连通以向所述模具内通入介质。
2. 如权利要求1所述的模具，其特征在于：所述介质源的介质为气体，相应地所述公模还开设有至少一排气槽，所述排气槽连通一泄压阀。
3. 如权利要求1所述的模具，其特征在于：所述模具还包括一用于压合箔模的压合框，所述公模开设一收容所述压合框的收容槽。
4. 如权利要求3所述的模具，其特征在于：所述公模与母模中至少之一设有与所述压合框相压抵的密封圈。
5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的模具，其特征在于：所述介质通道包括一朝向母模的开口，所述介质通道内设有一弹性约束的开关装置，所述介质可推动所述开关装置向母模方向移动，使所述开口打开。
6. 如权利要求5所述的模具，其特征在于：所述开关装置为一柱塞。
7. 如权利要求6所述的模具，其特征在于：所述介质通道的开口呈喇叭口状，所述柱塞包括一柱塞头，所述柱塞头的形状与所述介质通道的开口相匹配。
8. 如权利要求7所述的模具，其特征在于：所述柱塞还包括一与柱塞头相连的杆部，所述杆部远离柱塞头的一端连接一弹性元件，所述弹性元件用于使所述柱塞移动后复位。
9. 如权利要求8所述的模具，其特征在于：所述弹性元件为一弹簧。
10. 如权利要求5所述的模具，其特征在于：所述开关装置为一可打开及自动关闭的阀门。
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