CN101243750B - Method for accelerating rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye - Google Patents
Method for accelerating rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye Download PDFInfo
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- CN101243750B CN101243750B CN2008100574354A CN200810057435A CN101243750B CN 101243750 B CN101243750 B CN 101243750B CN 2008100574354 A CN2008100574354 A CN 2008100574354A CN 200810057435 A CN200810057435 A CN 200810057435A CN 101243750 B CN101243750 B CN 101243750B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method to promote the rejuvenation and plant growth of leymus chinensis, which is characterized in that, during the turning green period or before the rains on the growth declination period of leymus chinensis, root cutting operation is performed to leymus chinensis grass lawn. The method has the advantages that, permeability is improved by cutting the roots, and the high yield of leymus chinensis is maintained; in addition, during the root cutting operation, the vegetative soil structure of the leymus chinensis is loosen and improved, and the soil hardening factor restricting the vegetative propagation of leymus chinensis is eliminated; therefore the permeability of the soil is improved; good environment is created for grassland vegetation growth, and the productivity of grasslands is improved; the method is suitable for the ecological restoration and management of naturally degraded leymus chinensis grass lawn; the service life of artificial leymus chinensis grass lawn is prolonged, and leymus chinensis with good quality is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grassland ecology and administer and the recovery field, particularly relate to a kind of short generation method of mechanization rejuvenation on sexual involution sheep's hay meadow of hardening that is used to improve.
Background technology
With the sheep's hay is that the Leymus Chinensis Steppe that constructive species forms is peculiar a kind of grassland, grassland region east, Eurasia type, only be distributed in the east, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Northeast of Russia outer Baikal area, Mongolian Republic east and middle part and China, also there is distribution on ground such as the Hebei of China, Ningxia.The sheep's hay meadow accounts for 50%～60% of China's meadow gross area, is one of China's most representative meadow type, and sheep's hay is best in quality, good palatability, all kinds of domestic animals are all liked food throughout the year, and the sheep's hay meadow belongs to first-class meadow, are the most valuable grassland resourcess of China's development pasture animal husbandry.
Sheep's hay is a rhizome grass family herbaceos perennial, and growth year reaches 10～20 years.Sheep's hay has the very flourishing underground horizontal rhizome of walking, and root can reach 1.0～1.5m deeply, mainly is distributed in the above soil layer of 200mm, and the main root and the root of tillering are intertwined and are netted.Perennial sheep's hay in natural environment based on vegetative propagation (rely on rhizome breeding), sexual propagation (seed) is auxilliary, does not herd and extensive management owing to there being the overload of resting and take nourishing food to build up one's health recuperate for a long time on natural sheep's hay meadow, the sheep's hay rhizome is deep-rooted in addition, make the bulk density of soil become big, voidage descends, soil compaction presents the sexual involution that hardens, hardening layer thickness reaches 150～200mm, these problems have greatly suppressed the vegetative propagation of sheep's hay, make the reverse succession of grassland vegetation plant community, some areas sheep's hay deteriorates to companion species by constructive species, and the grassland quality seriously descends; Sheep's hay year, border output dynamically showed, the sheep's hay meadow of artificial planting causes plough horizon to harden because of root growth is dense and causes bad permeability after plantation 5～6 years, and grass yield sharply descends, and for keeping long-time high yield, must take grass group renewal measure in good time.Utilized the sheep's hay reproductive characteristic that degeneration sheep's hay meadow is carried out rejuvenation, short given birth to improvement and more and more come into one's own in recent years.
The flourishing relatively country of external livestock breeding adopts the mode of loosening the soil to improve soil structure with the improvement deteriorate grassland, promotes vegetation growth.Studies show that: the shallow loose improvement method of mechanization can increase the gas permeability of soil, is fit to improvement and degeneration occurs hardening because of trampling; Silty soil is carried out loosing soil at bottom, the unit weight of soil is obviously descended, porosity obviously improves, the soil water property that flows is better, and the root system reproduction speed is accelerated; From the loosing soil effect, natural meadow do not overturn soil layer tillage method than the upset soil layer mode be more conducive to, this tillage method can make the soil conservation rarefaction 3～4 years.But this mode of ameliorating only has general applicability for the meadow of the sexual involution that slightly hardens.
Domesticly launching research aspect the mechanization improvement deteriorate grassland.There is the researcher to carry out desk study at the variation that several different ameliorative measures recover soil physical properties, moisture, nutrient situation in the improvement deteriorate grassland process, think can educate by envelope, plough, state that cake is regulated and control soil physical, make it to be beneficial to utilization and plant growing to natural rainfall; Some scholars have carried out a lot of pilot studies around the basic skills, technology of improvement deteriorate grassland and the aspects such as effect after the improvement, think that the fence envelope is educated, gently the rake several ameliorative measures such as scarifying soil and after-culture of loosening the soil, plough shallowly can improve the meadow productivity.Wherein, some scholars implement to cut the root improved test that loosens the soil at the meadow steppe deteriorate grassland and show: after cutting root and loosening the soil 1 year, grassland water content in 0～10cm and 11～20cm soil layer increases by 0.32% and 1.55% respectively, unit weight reduces by 0.08% and 0.11% respectively, total porosity increases by 3.02% and 4.15% respectively; After the grassland was cut root and loosened the soil 3 years, sheep's hay density doubled above, hay yield improves between 26.8%～48.3%, from put into practice verified can be by mechanization pattern the sheep's hay meadow carried out that rejuvenation is short gives birth to improvement.Sum up present achievement in research, mechanization mode of ameliorating such as shallow plowing is turned over, heavy cake, dark pine are applicable to because of long-term does not have artificially sown pastures that natural sheep's hay meadow that the overgrazed of resting and take nourishing food to build up one's health recuperate makes that soil compaction is degenerated and plantation year reach 7-8, yet these researchs only rest in the simple evaluation that improves back vegetation growth situation and effect at present, and sheep's hay biological property and genetic development based on vegetative propagation in the self-sow environment do not given full play in the ameliorative measure of proposition; Simultaneously, the farmland mechanized technology pattern that mechanized modes such as cake and dark pine are directly indiscriminately imitated is turned over, weighs in the shallow plowing that puts forward in the research, it is fragile to have ignored Grassland ecosystems, more shallow these special circumstances of grassland soil organic horizon, occur in the operation process turn over upturned soil, to throw phenomenons such as soil big to the grassland soil disturbance, causes that easily grassland vegetation is impaired, grassland soil desertifies.
Though some schemes have utilized the asexual multiplication ability feature of sheep's hay to have breakthrough in the sheep's hay cultivation field, but suppress the vegetative factor of sheep's hay in the sheep's hay process of growth, be that the high problem of soil compaction, consolidation still exists, realize that from the factor of breeding its rejuvenation, short key technical problem of giving birth to are not resolved as yet by eliminating the restriction sheep's hay.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solution sexual involution meadow sheep's hay vegetative propagation of hardening and suppressed, grassland vegetation and soil are damaged the method that less, can not cause grassland desertification, a kind of short generation method of mechanization rejuvenation on sexual involution sheep's hay meadow of hardening that is used to improve particularly is provided.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of method that promotes rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye, before sheep's hay period of seedling establishment or the rain of sheep's hay growth decline phase the root operation is cut on the sheep's hay meadow.
Wherein, described unidirectional root or the two-way in length and breadth netted root of cutting cut of root operation employing of cutting.
Wherein, after October or in 3-6 month, cut the root operation.
Wherein, the described root degree of depth of cutting of cutting the root operation is 100-200mm, and cutting the root spacing is 30-50cm, and width of slit is not more than 15mm.
Wherein, described cut the root operation after, grassland soil layer subsurface stratum is harmless, and the finedraw that short-term produced backfill at once, recovers face of land original appearance.
Wherein, taboo is herded 1-2 after cutting the root operation.
Technique scheme only is an optimal technical scheme of the present invention, has following advantage: promote that by the horizontal root system of walking that cuts off sheep's hay sheep's hay tillers, one strain is become many strains, form more plant individual, the sheep's hay meadow of Li Yonging increases permeability by cutting off rhizome for many years, keeps the sheep's hay high yield.When cutting the root operation, the also loose soil structure that improves the sheep's hay growth has been eliminated the vegetative edaphic factor that hardens of restriction sheep's hay, and soil is ventilative, water penetration thereby improve, and creates a favorable environment for the grassland vegetation growth, improves the grassland productivity.This method is applicable to the ecological recovery and the improvement on natural degeneration sheep's hay meadow, also is beneficial to prolong artificial sheep's hay grassland service life, provide the high-quality sheep's hay, so application prospect is extensive.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Be subjected to suppress, plough shallowly at present mechanized modes such as turning over, weigh cake, dark pine to key technology difficult problems such as soil disturbance are big in order to solve the sexual involution meadow sheep's hay vegetative propagation of hardening, the present invention proposes a kind of short technology of giving birth to of mechanization rejuvenation of the sexual involution sheep's hay meadow of hardening, for the natural sheep's hay grassland ecology of China recovers to provide approaches and methods with guaranteeing the meadow high quality forage production of artificial sheep's hay.
Involved in the present inventionly be fit to the sheep's hay be constructive species or deteriorate to companion species, soil and present typical grassland, meadow steppe and the growth of the sexual involution that hardens year on the artificial sheep's hay grassland more than 5 years to the improved process pattern;
Mechanization rejuvenation among the present invention is short gives birth to technology and relates generally to the meadow and break ground and cut the mechanization means of root (promptly cutting the root operation).Breaking ground and cut root in the meadow is to coil tooth-like cutting knife by the cutter shaft drive of high speed rotating, breaks a narrow slit on the high grassland soil hardening layer of consolidation, cuts off the horizontal rhizome of walking of subsurface stratum sheep's hay; The meadow compartment is loose to be the characteristic that hardens at real pine, topsoil down on the meadow under the high consolidation soil condition, when cutting the root operation, also is equivalent to soil has been carried out loosening the soil operation, realizes that the grassland is loose at interval.
According to purpose needs of the present invention, break ground and cut the requirement of root operation technique in the meadow that relates to, and the activity duration is to carry out before the rain of the sheep's hay growth decline phase after the sheep's hay period of seedling establishment of the annual 3-6 month or October; It is 100-200mm that technological requirement is cut the root degree of depth, cut the root spacing is that 30-50cm, width of slit are not more than 15mm, can adopt unidirectional root or the two-way in length and breadth netted root of cutting cut; Do not have the upturned soil of turning over when technological requirement breaks the high grassland soil hardening layer of consolidation, gather around soil, throw phenomenon such as soil, except that forming joint-cutting, soil is not had disturbance; Straw winding when technological requirement is cut root, the phenomenon of not destroying turf, grass roots displacement dislocation not occurring or taken out of soil layer.
According to purpose needs of the present invention, after carrying out that the mechanization rejuvenation is short and giving birth to operation, need to prohibit and herd 1-2.
The inventor has carried out short the giving birth to of mechanization rejuvenation and has improved operation on the degeneration sheep's hay meadow at Guyuan, Hebei Grassland ecosystems country field science observation study station.This experiment centre is positioned at the southeast ligule extension strip of Nei Mongol Plateau, be commonly called as middle part, plateau on the dam, join with prairie, Siklingelei, belong to typical case grassland, Eurasia, the zonal vegetation type is " sheep's hay+gram formula Stipa capillata+weeds class ", natural sheep's hay grassland soil characteristic and vegetation in standing can be represented carelessly feature of typicalness sheep's hay, and its degraded condition can reflect the degenerative character on the type meadow.After measured, the every physicochemical property numerical value of this regional soil is as shown in table 1, and sheep's hay grass population density less than 30% belongs to moderate and degenerates.
Table 1 soil physical chemistry eigen value
The inventor uses the root cutter that breaks ground to carry out breaking ground in experiment centre in June, 2007 and cuts the short living improvement operation of root rejuvenation according to the technological requirement in the invention.Cutting the root degree of depth is 100mm and 200mm, cuts root spacing 40cm, and having realized does not break ground cuts root, and nothing is gathered around soil, thrown native phenomenon, and no rhizome is hauled out the phenomenon on the face of land, and other operation situation is as shown in table 2.Observe improved effect October, original sheep's hay vegetation did not damage after the operation technique that requires according to the present invention was cut root, and grew the sheep's hay tender shoots along joint-cutting, and good effect has promptly been received in improvement then.And shallow plowing in the past turn over cut the root operating type then sheep's hay can't grow.
Table 2 is cut root operation information slip
Use the present invention, reached the vegetative propagation of promotion sheep's hay, rely on the purpose of sheep's hay, avoided the destruction of mechanized simultaneously, have extensive use grassland vegetation and soil from numerous ability realization rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the embodiment of the invention function of breeding certainly that makes full use of the sheep's hay rhizome cuts that root is short gives birth to.Sheep's hay belongs to stem type gramineous forage grass, and the horizontal root system of walking that cuts off it can promote that herbage tillers, and a strain is become many strains, forms more plant individual, and the sheep's hay meadow of Li Yonging is by cutting off rhizome increase permeability, maintenance sheep's hay high yield for many years.Turn over shallow plowing in the past that the mode Qie Genbi of being completely cured breaks ground and to influence the growth of sheep's hay then different; the present invention cuts in the root process not to be had to destroy to ground sheep's hay vegetation substantially; guarantee that the herbage root system is not drawn out soil; aging root is retained in the soil; make it to decompose, increase soil fertility, the structure of improving the soil; cut off the annual weed rhizome simultaneously, suppress weed growth protection chinense seedlings.When cutting the root operation, be equivalent to the loose soil structure that improves the sheep's hay growth, eliminated the vegetative edaphic factor that hardens of restriction sheep's hay.Sheep's hay is strict to the air capacity of soils of soil, is quick on the draw.If being difficult to enter the activity that soil will make deep subsoil carry out anaerobic bacteria, air make the oxide of top layer leaching be reduced into protoxide.For this reason, create one and be suitable for the moving soil condition of aerobe words, by can not absorbing state resolving into absorbable mineralized rapidly for the herbage growth needs.The present invention has improved gas permeability, the water penetration of soil, creates a favorable environment for the grassland vegetation growth, improves the grassland productivity.The present invention has all proposed specific requirement to aspects such as activity duration, method, implementation step, control measures, promptly be applicable to the ecological recovery and the improvement on natural degeneration sheep's hay meadow, also be beneficial to and prolong artificial sheep's hay grassland service life, provide the high-quality sheep's hay, so application prospect is extensive.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. method that promotes rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye, it is characterized in that: before sheep's hay period of seedling establishment or the rain of sheep's hay growth decline phase, the root operation is cut on the sheep's hay meadow, the described two-way in length and breadth netted root of cutting of root operation employing of cutting, the described root degree of depth of cutting of cutting the root operation is 100-200mm, cutting the root spacing is 30-50cm, and width of slit is not more than 15mm, and the soil horizon subsurface stratum of cutting root process row one-tenth is harmless, the finedraw that is produced backfill at once recovers face of land original appearance.
2. the method for promotion rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, cuts the root operation after October or in 3-6 month.
3. the method for promotion rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, prohibits after cutting the root operation and herds 1-2.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100574354A CN101243750B (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2008-02-01 | Method for accelerating rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100574354A CN101243750B (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2008-02-01 | Method for accelerating rejuvenation and potency growth of Chinese wildrye |
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| CN101243750A CN101243750A (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| CN101243750B true CN101243750B (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144519B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-09-05 | 湖北一佳冬枣开发有限公司 | Root cutting and high-yield method for nutrition control of winter jujube tree |
| CN103004391A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for improving Chinese wild rye biomass and seed yield of saline-alkali soil |
| CN103329654A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-10-02 | 内蒙古大学 | Typical root-cutting method for grazing-induced retrogression leymus chinensis steppe in grassland |
| CN103931416B (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-06-10 | 辽宁大学 | Method for updating deteriorated grassland bluegrass lawn at low cost in north |
| CN104067703B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-02 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of Chinense Grassland improvement facility and improvement method thereof |
| CN104541622B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-22 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of grassland improvement of degenerating is with cutting root land leveller and the modification method on degeneration meadow |
| CN106034717A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-26 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for amending deteriorated guinea grass meadow through root cutting and fertilizer application |
| CN106068751B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-02-09 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of method and device for abolishing degeneration meadow soil root complex structure |
| CN111083959A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | Method for recovering deteriorated grassland in northern arid area |
| CN117770074B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-17 | 吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心) | Degraded grassland restoration method for promoting natural vegetation updating |
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