CN101185935B - Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101185935B CN101185935B CN2007101250381A CN200710125038A CN101185935B CN 101185935 B CN101185935 B CN 101185935B CN 2007101250381 A CN2007101250381 A CN 2007101250381A CN 200710125038 A CN200710125038 A CN 200710125038A CN 101185935 B CN101185935 B CN 101185935B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and an equipment of recycling solid waste with metals. The invention comprises the procedures as follows: (1) the solid waste with metals is rough shattered by a slicer, a primary crushed is carried out by a shear mode crusher and a second crushed is carried out by a speed variable hammer crusher; (2) the material is extracted into a gravity separator and a cyclone separator by a centrifugal fun after being second shattered. (3) Dust with metal which is less than 60 meshes is sent into a vibrating screen after falling into a dust collecting hopper of the cyclone separator. (4) Material powder which is more than 60 meshes goes into the vibrating screen. The separation of metal from nonmetal can be realized by a high pressure electrostatic separator. The high pressure electrostatic separator which is used in the invention comprises a body and dust collecting polar plates which can continuously rotate. A plurality of dust collecting polar plates are fixed and connected in series by central axis. The central axis is connected with a motor. A discharge electrode and a scraper are arranged between every two dust collecting polar plates. The invention has high metal recovery rate and the system of the invention operates automatically, which is harmless to the environment and has obviously economical benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of containing metal solid waste recovery method and equipment.
Background technology
Along with the global electronic model change is constantly quickened; Scrapping electronic device quantity increases severely just day by day; Cause the severe contamination of environment and the huge waste of resource; The renewable resources problem of electron wastes needs to be resolved hurrily, and wherein the maximum difficult problem of electron wastes removal process is the recycling of printed substrate.
It is that cyanide reclaims noble metals such as gold that traditional wiring board waste material and electronic waste reclaim technology, and waste material burns or the water mill wet processing process reclaims metals such as copper; Cyanide reclaims this kind of noble metal treatment process and in processing procedure, produces the cyanide that contains severe toxicity in a large number, acid, alkali waste water and the acid waste gas of high concentration; Burn to reclaim waste gas such as producing a large amount of dust and poisonous and harmful (like Dioxin, i.e. dioxin) in the metal process.
Present Shenzhen and a large amount of waste and old electric and the wiring board waste disposal modes of periphery have two kinds: a kind of processing mode is that the various metals of recovery are burned in the remote districts of transferring to Foshan, Qingyuan City, Shantou, the South Sea and Hunan Province's periphery, and the local air pollution that burning causes is quite serious; Another kind of recovery method is that the wet method water mill is handled; This kind processing mode is not high owing to metal recovery rate in processing procedure; Cause the waste of metals resources, owing in processing procedure, can produce a large amount of waste water, the metal dust that contains in waste water branch in the middle part of sewage body process is received in inflow forms heavy metal ion and causes heavy metal pollution of water body simultaneously; Simultaneously contain certain metal dust at isolated non-metal powder; These waste materials belong to hard-degraded substance basically, and relevant environmental regulation is defined as can not the landfill material, but since the non-metal powder that produces in the processing procedure because dehydration exists big difficulty or dehydration cost too high; Can't be back to fiberglass and fill base material; The present processing approach of these non-metal powders can only arrive the refuse landfill landfill, and wherein metal dust can form heavy metal ion gradually and cause heavy metal pollution behind landfill, and non-metal powder causes landfill yard landfill capacity to reduce greatly owing to can't degrade; Big leap ahead of closing cycle is difficult to realize harmless treatment.
Current China waste electric appliance quantity just with nearly speed development more than 1,000,000 tons in every year, all contains wiring board in the waste electric appliance, account for 8% like wiring board content in the host computer.Contain a lot of toxic materials in the waste printed circuit board,, simultaneously, contain precious metal materials such as gold, silver, copper in the printed circuit board (PCB) again, have very high added value like lead, bromine, benzene, cadmium etc.Lamina cupric 5%～6%, doubling plate cupric 10%～12%, multi-layer sheet cupric 20%～30%; All the other are resin and glass fibre, and resin accounts for 30%～50% of both total amounts usually, and glass fibre accounts for 50%～70%; Contain 10%～20% bromine in the epoxy resin, bromine is a pernicious gas.If waste printed circuit board is mishandling, not only can causes new environmental pollution, and can cause the serious waste of resource.Therefore; The harmless treatment of waste printed circuit board; Not only can greatly reduce its harm to environment, the resource of a large amount of preciousnesses is utilized again, this all has great importance to utilization again and the sustainable development that improves existent environment of people, resource.
Industrially developed country all pays much attention to the innoxious recycling of waste printed circuit board.Mainly contain the associated companies of states such as Sweden, Germany, Japan, Canada.Wherein Sweden Scandinavian recovery company is one of maximum in the world recovery company, has developed with the rotational shear disintegrating machine metal material of printed circuit board (PCB) and nonmetallic materials are peeled off, and adopts pneumatic separating that metal powder is separated with non-metal powder again; Germany Daimler Benz Ulm research center becomes broken printed circuit board with shear breaker the particle of 2cm * 2cm earlier; Magnetic separation then; Use cooled with liquid nitrogen; Be ground into tiny powder with the compaction type pulverizer again, the metal material of printed circuit board (PCB) and nonmetallic materials are peeled off, separate metal powder with non-metal powder with electrostatic sorting method at last; MAT adopts shearing and impact crusher to make wiring board be ground into the powder of 0.1～0.3mm, adopts the whirlwind sorting technology again, separates metal powder with non-metal powder.Moral company of Canada association also adopts and pulverizes the method recycling waste printed circuit board that adds electrostatic separation; Japan NEC Corporation earlier is ground into 100～300 μ m with waste printed circuit board, separates with whirlwind again, metal section and part is separated with electrostatic method again, and the rate of recovery of metal is about 90%, metal purity about 82%.This device processes amount 300kg/h needs more than 200,000,000 yuan of yen approximately, and is quite expensive.
Present domestic scrap wire road recycling all has the similar technology of employing, but mainly contains following several kinds of defectives: 1, not exclusively broken or can't use because of the undesired recovery system that makes of broken process running; 2, assorting room is coarse relatively, and separation rate is not high; 3, reclaiming the back non-metal powder can't handle; 4, fragmentation and separation process energy consumption are big, are difficult to realize innoxious separation.
Be used in above-mentioned technology that high-pressure electrostatic sorting basic functional principle that the containing metal solid waste reclaims is charged by gas ionization, grit, plurality of processes such as the heavy collection of grit and deashing form.
(1) gas ionization: on corona discharge electrode, apply high voltage direct current, produce corona discharge, make gas ionization, produce a large amount of negative ions;
(2) grit is charged: if electronegative near the corona discharge electrode, then cation is attracted and loses ionization, and free electron and anion receive the effect of electric field force, just moves to dust collecting electrode, contacts with grit in the dust-contained airflow, makes grit charged;
(3) the heavy collection of grit: charged grit is heavy the collection on the dust collecting electrode surface after arriving dust collecting electrode under the effect of electric field force;
(4) the slow non-conductive material (like nonmetal dust) of the velocity of discharge is because self negative electrical charge is not released, and receives the strong repulsion of deviating electrode, just firm being adsorbed on the dust collector pole surface has only through the mode of rapping or cleaning dust adsorbed is removed; The negative electrical charge of the conductive material (like metallic dust) self that the velocity of discharge is fast is released very soon, under the gravity effect with regard to can not be by pole plate absorption and from the pole plate direct separation come out.
The high-pressure electrostatic separator is exactly to utilize the electrical difference and realize a kind of method of sorting in high voltage electric field of each component in the solid material; The charged back of dust granules is adsorbed by dust collecting pole plate; Metallic particles is owing to have electric conductivity preferably, and the pole plate that is grounded absorption back static is eliminated very soon, just separates from pole plate through gravity; Non-metal powder is owing to its relatively poor electric conductivity is still adsorbed by pole plate, thereby the realization metal separates with non-metal powder.
Existing in the market high voltage electrostatic equipment mainly is the very electrostatic separator of cylindrical structure that gathers dust as separator, and the drum surface area rotates through the driven by motor drum as the dust collecting pole plate area; Through scraper plate the non-metal powder on drum surface is separated; The collecting region that metal dust is fallen into below the separator realizes that metal separates with nonmetal, and this kind mode makes the surface of drum remain clean relatively because the powder of absorption is constantly fallen on the drum surface by drag flight descaling; The stability that pole plate gathers dust better; But because have only the drum surface area, be difficult to the realization large tracts of land and gather dust, be difficult to rationally be provided with discharge electrode simultaneously as the dust collecting pole plate area; The charged efficient of dust is reduced greatly; Metal and nonmetal separation rate and treating capacity are all lower, thereby the metal purity that causes this type of electrostatic separator to sub-elect is very low, and the efficiency of separation is not high; The structure of another kind of high-pressure static cleaner mainly is fixed anode dust collection plate and fixed discharge electrode structure; The electric field structure design is ripe relatively; Can realize bigger specific collection area and dust collection effect preferably, through test, it is very good to be used in the effect that metal separates with non-metal powder; But can only carry out the polar board surface deashing through the artificial deashing of dismounting pole plate or through the mode of rapping; There is following defective in this kind processing mode: the one, and equipment can not move continuously, and equipment can not be worked when deashing or vibration dust-cleaning, also can produce amounts of dust during deashing; The 2nd, metal collecting region and nonmetal collecting region are difficult to be provided with, and are difficult to realize automatic operation, do not see also that at present the data record is used as electrostatic separation equipment with this kind equipment and uses.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention will solve provides containing metal solid waste recovery method and the equipment that a kind of metal separation rate is high, environmentally friendly, processing cost is low.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of containing metal solid waste recovery method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the containing metal solid waste by slicer carry out slightly broken, shear crusher carries out the one-level fragmentation, the adjustable speed hammer mill carries out two-stage crushing;
(2) material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower, and gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose powder particles, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust through blower fan;
(3) send into vibratory sieve after falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator less than 60 purpose containing metal dust, isolated nonmetal dust gets into sack cleaner;
(4) get into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, select 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials through vibrosieve; Wherein 10 orders are sent into the adjustable speed hammer mill again with interior material and are carried out two-stage crushing; Send into the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials, rotate separating metal and non-metal powder by the fixing dust collecting pole plate of central shaft serial connection through a plurality of;
(5) metal dust after separating is realized the high purity separation of various metals by the electrolysis production line, and the non-metal powder material uses as the inserts of phenolic fiberglass reinforced plastics.
Containing metal solid waste according to the invention slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer.
High-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention; Comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate that can rotate continuously; Said dust collecting pole plate is a plurality of and fixing by the central shaft serial connection, and said central shaft is connected to motor, between said per two dust collecting pole plates a discharge electrode and scraper plate is installed.
Dust collecting pole plate according to the invention is a disk, and the insulating sleeve of two same spacings is installed between the disk.
It is concentric annulus with central shaft that discharge electrode according to the invention is one, and the many discharge prickles that distribute equably all around of annulus are not established the discharge prickle but reserve a fan type zone on same plane.
The extension site of discharge prickle according to the invention is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece, and the two ends of electrode connecting piece are fixed on the shell of equipment through insulated terminal again, and the discharge electrode inner ring sleeve is on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance.
Be provided with a rubber flap between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate of position, fan type according to the invention zone correspondence.
The left upper end of body according to the invention is provided with charging aperture, and its corresponding vertical direction lower end is provided with the metallic dust collecting region, and nonmetal dust collecting region is located at the bottom righthand side of body.
The present invention compared with prior art has the pyrogenic attack metal recovery rate now and is merely about 85%, and the purity of metal is about 95%, but processing procedure can produce a large amount of poisonous and hazardous gases, serious environment pollution, and a ton waste material burning cost is about 500 yuan/ton; The wet crushing metal recovery rate is about 90%, and the purity of metal is about 85%, but processing procedure can produce great amount of wastewater and a large amount of nonmetal waste material, and ton waste disposal cost is about about 450 yuan; Existing dry milling treatment facility is big because of broken power consumption, and metal recovery rate is merely about 90%, and the purity of metal is about 80%, and ton waste disposal cost is about about 550 yuan, and the treatment system fault rate is higher; The present invention can realize metal recovery rate greater than 95%, and the metal purity of sorting is greater than 90%, and ton wiring board processing cost is about 200-300 yuan; And system's fully automatic operation; No dust waste gas, waste water in the processing procedure, and noise is controlled, far below other mode processing costs; Economic benefit is considerable, can not cause any infringement to environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural front view of high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along A-A.
Fig. 3 is the side view of high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of high-pressure electrostatic separator dust collecting pole plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of high-pressure electrostatic separator central shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the sketch map of high-pressure electrostatic separator discharge electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the scheme of installation of high-pressure electrostatic separator dust collecting pole plate of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further description.
As shown in Figure 8; Containing metal solid waste of the present invention slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer; Adopt shearing gyratory crusher that material is carried out the one-level fragmentation; Through impact type rotation hammer mill crumbling method discarded circuit board is carried out secondary again and pulverize, this grinding mode that combines through shearing gyratory crusher and impact type rotation grater can effectively be pulverized discarded circuit board, simultaneously to metal in the wiring board and nonmetal can dissociating effectively; The abandoned printed circuit board material of charged sub-element does not dissociate to be issued to fully at 1.2mm, and the abandoned printed circuit board of charged sub-element then dissociates below 0.6mm fully; With the shearing fragmentation of existing technology one-level, secondary hammer crushing; Rotating speed of motor is fixed method and compares in the shattering process; The present invention adopts that slicer is slightly broken, the shear crusher one-level is broken, adjustable speed hammer mill two-stage crushing; This kind crumbling method is compared great operating efficiency that has improved disintegrating machine and the energy consumption that has reduced broken process with existing two-stage crushing, wherein increased the slice type disintegrating machine after, the crushing efficiency of shear crusher has increased by one times; Rotating speed through regulating disintegrating machine can effective broken different-thickness and the electronic waste of unlike material.It is low that above-mentioned crumbling method and existing domestic crumbling method relatively have energy consumption, and crushing efficiency is high, comes comparison with the break process system of 200kg/h, and the existing domestic required energy consumption of crushing system is about 60kw, and crushing system energy consumption of the present invention is no more than 30kw; The live load that graded crushing mode of the present invention can solve disintegrating apparatus moves in reasonable range, and fault rate reduces greatly, and the equipment continuous running of making becomes possibility.
Secondly; Carry out gravity separation, whirlwind sorting and electrostatic separation: material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower; Gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose dust granules, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust through blower fan, and metallic dust is sent into vibratory sieve after can falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator; Isolated dust gets into sack cleaner, and this type dust is through metal-containing powders not basically after analyzing; Get into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, can sub-elect 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials through vibratory sieve; Wherein about 2mm, metal does not separate with nonmetal 10 orders as yet fully with the most of particle diameter of interior material, continues broken so send into secondary breaker again; Can realize that respectively metal separates with nonmetal through the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials.Using the efficient that metallic dust separates with nonmetal dust behind the high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention can improve greatly; The content of nonmetal dust reduces greatly in the isolated metallic dust simultaneously, generally can realize that through the one-level electrostatic separation dust content is less than 5%.
The 3rd; Metal after the separation and nonmetal processing: contain various metals such as gold, palladium, silver, copper, tin, nickel, aluminium, zinc because of metal dust; Can realize various metal high purity separation through setting up a cover electrolysis production line, thereby realize the utilization once more of metal; The physics recovery and treatment method of waste printed circuit board must have a lot of nonmetallic materials and produce, if can not get effective utilization, will cause secondary pollution to environment, causes the waste of resource.The non-metal powder material is some brominated epoxy resin, and organic substances such as glass fibre constitute, and has excellent insulation property ability and fire resistance, can make it to turn waste into wealth through the inserts as phenolic fiberglass reinforced plastics after the Application Research.
The dry method impact type grinding mode that the present invention adopts in shattering process can reach good crushing effect to printed substrate.Top load, high strain rate percussion are its cardinal principles, with shearing, milling.If but these effects do not take appropriate measures and just possibly cause amount of localized heat accumulation and cause the resin thermal decomposition to discharge organic pollution; Or even brominated huge toxicant, thermal decomposition product possibly comprise bromo-hydrocarbons, toluene, bromobenzene, toluene bromide and a spot of phenol, cresols, bromine phenol etc.Localized hyperthermia causes the basic reason that the pyrolysis pollutant discharges and accumulates in the pulverizing; Therefore being necessary to improve disintegrating process is limited in below the cracking temperature local temperature rise; Correlation test research shows, is lower than 275 ℃ of organic materials and can produce cracking basically, 275 ℃ of beginnings; The strand of polymer begins fracture, comprises end group elimination and skeleton cracking etc.; And double bond structure possibly caught other free radical such as H, OH, Br etc. and generated alkane, alcohol and bromo-hydrocarbons cracking the time; Can produce the existence of materials such as benzene monomer, toluene, ethylbenzene, bromobenzene, toluene bromide simultaneously; Most of organic matter just has stench and strong toxicity and (selects from 2006 the 46th the 12nd phases of volume of Tsing-Hua University's journal (natural science edition): experimental study---the Zhao Ming that pyrolysis is polluted in the waste printed circuit board pulverization process in the product under minimum concentration; Li Jinhui; Yu Keli, Zhu Fenfen, warm snowy peak).Because of there are not working environments such as high temperature, high pressure in project in production process; All process steps all is to move at normal temperatures and pressures; The situation that each disintegrating machine can exist local temperature to raise in the physics shattering process, but broken apart whole process is to extract broken material through blower fan, as long as the air quantity of blower fan is provided with rationally; Situation that just can the appearance temperature accumulation in the shattering process; Regulate rotating speed of motor through frequency converter simultaneously, can effectively control local temperature in the shattering process and be no more than 275 ℃ of critical-temperatures that produce cracking, normal broken link outfit of equipment temperature is no more than 40 degrees centigrade in process of the test; Also do not have simultaneously any stench peculiar smell and produce, therefore can tentatively get rid of crushing process can produce thermal cracking.But be perfectly safe reliably in order to control production process; Air quality to workshop in the normal productive process must be provided with monitoring equipment; And reinforcement workshop open air exhaust amount; Exhaust gas discharged is introduced high altitude discharge after through sack cleaner in the production process, and operations such as production process is slightly broken simultaneously, one-level is broken, two-stage crushing and electrostatic separation all can realize automatic charging, and production process can be implemented in to be moved an airtight system in; Put the great potential safety hazard that produces in the production process of having eliminated through above arranging, can realize safety in production.Wiring board is mainly bromination or high brominated epoxy resin as another; Bromine content can reach 10%～50%; The fire resistance of sheet material also is provided in the time of as matrix resin; This type of dust has perfect insulating properties and fire resistance, does not have the danger of burning or blast, so does not have fire and explosive potential safety hazard in the production process; Power equipment is atmospheric pressure state simultaneously; Safety operation system by routine just can realize safety in production; Wherein high voltage electrostatic equipment is because of the high voltage and the low current parameter of use; Can not cause the human injury even the discharge position occurs touching because of carelessness yet, not have potential safety hazard yet in use, thus in the production process safety problem fully in controllable scope.
The high-pressure electrostatic separator that the present invention uses in electrostatic separation technology; Not only can effectively solve the nonmetal automatic ash removing problem of equipment, not influence the continuous running of equipment simultaneously, the dust collecting pole plate cleanliness factor of equipment maintains a level preferably all the time; Thereby can realize the effect of the nonmetal dust of absorption of stability and high efficiency; Metal and nonmetallic purity and fractional dose significantly improve, and dust is controlled easily in the separation process, and equipment line service amount and difficulty are all very little; Be difficult for forming floating dust, can realize automatic operation simultaneously.Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3; High-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention; Comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate 8 that can rotate continuously; Said dust collecting pole plate 8 is a plurality of and fixing by central shaft 7 serial connections, between per two dust collecting pole plates 8 discharge electrode 9 and scraper plate is installed, and discharge electrode 9 is by electrode connecting piece 10 connections and be connected to anodal inlet wire 17.Dust collecting pole plate 8 is a disk (as shown in Figure 4); Central shaft 7 is a rigidity circular shaft (as shown in Figure 5), and central shaft 7 passes the center of circle of multi-disc disk, and the multi-disc disk is contacted; The insulating sleeve 3 of between the disk two same spacings being installed is to keep stable distance between plates; Insulating sleeve 3 two ends are fixing by hold-down nut 4, thereby disk evenly is fixed on the central shaft 7, and disk and central shaft 7 keep in touch well; The two sides of every disk all is effective specific collection area, and the area that stacks up can be suitable with the area of fixing chip electrostatic apparatus; It is concentric annulus with central shaft 7 that single discharge electrode 9 is one; The many discharge prickles that distribute uniformly all around of annulus on same plane; But reserve a fan type zone and do not establish discharge prickle (as shown in Figure 6); The discharge field structure is that a discharge electrode 9 is installed between per two dust collecting pole plates 8; The extension site of each prickle that discharges is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece 10, and the two ends of electrode connecting piece 10 are fixed on the shell of equipment through insulated terminal 2 again, and discharge electrode 9 inner ring sleeves are on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance (as shown in Figure 7).Central shaft 7 two ends are provided with anti-tooth, and wherein an end is connected with bearing 5 and belt pulley 6, is connected with motor 11 through driving belt 14, and the other end is connected with bearing and negative pole receives electric groove.Body is made up of upper body 15 and following body 1, is fixed on this body support frame 12 through this body support frame nut 16.Charging aperture 101 is located at the left upper end of equipment; The lower end of corresponding vertical direction is provided with metallic dust collecting region 201 and metallic dust collecting bag 202; Nonmetal dust collecting region 301 is located at the bottom righthand side of equipment; Be non-metallic dust collecting bag 302 under it, rubber flap 13 is arranged between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate 8 in fan type position, zone that the discharge prickle is not installed.
Send into the charging aperture of equipment through vibratory sieve when containing metal and nonmetallic dust; Vibratory sieve can get into high voltage electric field uniformly with the dust of same particle size; Wherein the charged back of metallic dust since its good electrical conductivity with the discharge electrode that is grounded very soon of electric charge discharge, become uncharged particle, entering metallic dust collecting region under the gravity effect; But not the charged back of metallic dust is because its relatively poor electric conductivity; By dust collecting pole plate absorption, just scraped into flue-dust retainer by rubber flap when forwarding the nonmetal dust that adsorbs on the dust collecting pole plate behind the rubber flap district to by the rotation that dust collecting pole plate does not stop under the drive axle of motor effect under effect of electric field for charged particle; So circulation is carried out, thereby realizes metal and nonmetal dust high efficiency separation.Because dust collecting pole plate is constantly maintained clean relatively state behind the drag flight descaling always; Thereby keep electric field to be in the duty of an efficient stable all the time; Thereby realize the stability and the high efficiency of dust collection effect; The effect that is used on the separator is nonmetal efficiently absorption by dust collecting pole plate the metallic dust purity that flows into the metal collecting region to be improved greatly, thereby realizes metal and the high efficiency separation of nonmetal dust and the continuous operation of equipment.
The present invention has successfully solved a broken difficult problem in the lab scale stage, and the pilot scale stage can be implemented in selection by winnowing, the electrostatic separation aspect can accomplish that metal recovery rate reaches more than 95%, metal purity about 92%; By handling the 200kg/h waste printed circuit board, total cost is no more than 1,000,000 RMB, and system's fully automatic operation; No dust waste gas, waste water in the processing procedure, and noise is controlled, and ton wiring board processing cost is about 200-300 yuan; Processing cost far below burning and other modes; And the value bill panel that reclaims can be realized the economic well-being of workers and staff of 2000-2500 unit/ton, and the multiaspect plate can be realized the economic well-being of workers and staff of nearly 10000 yuan of/ton RMB, and economic benefit is considerable; Simultaneously can not cause any infringement, really can realize economic benefit and environmental benefit bumper harvests environment.
Claims (8)
1. containing metal solid waste recovery method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the containing metal solid waste by slicer carry out slightly broken, shear crusher carries out the one-level fragmentation, the adjustable speed hammer mill carries out two-stage crushing;
(2) material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower, and gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose powder particles, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust through blower fan;
(3) send into vibratory sieve after falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator less than 60 purpose containing metal dust, isolated nonmetal dust gets into sack cleaner;
(4) get into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, select 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials through vibrosieve; Wherein 10 orders are sent into the adjustable speed hammer mill again with interior material and are carried out two-stage crushing; Send into the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials, rotate separating metal and non-metal powder by the fixing dust collecting pole plate of central shaft serial connection through a plurality of;
(5) metal dust after separating is realized the high purity separation of various metals by the electrolysis production line, and the non-metal powder material uses as the inserts of fiberglass.
2. containing metal solid waste recovery method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said containing metal solid waste slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer.
3. high-pressure electrostatic separator that is used for the said method of claim 1; Comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate that can rotate continuously; It is characterized in that: said dust collecting pole plate is a plurality of and fixing by the central shaft serial connection; Said central shaft is connected to motor, between said per two dust collecting pole plates a discharge electrode and scraper plate is installed.
4. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said dust collecting pole plate is a disk, and the insulating sleeve of two same thickness is installed between the disk.
5. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: it is concentric annulus with central shaft that said discharge electrode is one; The many discharge prickles that distribute equably all around of annulus are not established the discharge prickle but reserve a fan type zone on same plane.
6. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: the extension site of said discharge prickle is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece; The two ends of electrode connecting piece are fixed on the shell of equipment through insulated terminal again, and the discharge electrode inner ring sleeve is on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance.
7. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the scraper plate between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate of position, said fan type zone correspondence is a rubber flap.
8. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the left upper end of said body is provided with charging aperture, and its corresponding vertical direction lower end is provided with the metallic dust collecting region, and nonmetal dust collecting region is located at the bottom righthand side of body.
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| CN2007101250381A CN101185935B (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2007-12-17 | Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal |
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