CN101185935A - Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101185935A CN101185935A CNA2007101250381A CN200710125038A CN101185935A CN 101185935 A CN101185935 A CN 101185935A CN A2007101250381 A CNA2007101250381 A CN A2007101250381A CN 200710125038 A CN200710125038 A CN 200710125038A CN 101185935 A CN101185935 A CN 101185935A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and an equipment of recycling solid waste with metals. The invention comprises the procedures as follows: (1) the solid waste with metals is rough shattered by a slicer, a primary crushed is carried out by a shear mode crusher and a second crushed is carried out by a speed variable hammer crusher; (2) the material is extracted into a gravity separator and a cyclone separator by a centrifugal fun after being second shattered. (3) Dust with metal which is less than 60 meshes is sent into a vibrating screen after falling into a dust collecting hopper of the cyclone separator. (4) Material powder which is more than 60 meshes goes into the vibrating screen. The separation of metal from nonmetal can be realized by a high pressure electrostatic separator. The high pressure electrostatic separator which is used in the invention comprises a body and dust collecting polar plates which can continuously rotate. A plurality of dust collecting polar plates are fixed and connected in series by central axis. The central axis is connected with a motor. A discharge electrode and a scraper are arranged between every two dust collecting polar plates. The invention has high metal recovery rate and the system of the invention operates automatically, which is harmless to the environment and has obviously economical benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of containing metal solid waste recovery method and equipment.
Background technology
Along with the global electronic model change is constantly quickened, scrapping electronic device quantity increases severely just day by day, cause the severe contamination of environment and the huge waste of resource, the renewable resources problem of electron wastes needs to be resolved hurrily, and wherein the difficult problem of electron wastes removal process maximum is the recycling of printed substrate.
It is that cyanide reclaims noble metals such as gold that traditional wiring board waste material and electronic waste reclaim technology, and waste material burns or the water mill wet processing process reclaims metals such as copper; Cyanide reclaims this kind of noble metal treatment process and produce the cyanide that contains severe toxicity in a large number, acid, alkali waste water and the acid waste gas of high concentration in processing procedure; Burn to reclaim waste gas such as producing a large amount of dust and poisonous and harmful (as Dioxin, i.e. dioxin) in the metal process.
Shenzhen and a large amount of waste and old electric and the wiring board waste disposal modes of periphery have two kinds at present: a kind of processing mode is that the various metals of recovery are burned in the remote districts of transferring to Foshan, Qingyuan City, Shantou, the South Sea and Hunan Province's periphery, and the local air pollution that burning causes is quite serious; Another kind of recovery method is that the wet method water mill is handled, this kind processing mode is not high owing to metal recovery rate in processing procedure, cause the waste of metals resources, simultaneously owing in processing procedure, can produce a large amount of waste water, the metal dust that contains in waste water branch in the middle part of sewage body process is received in inflow forms heavy metal ion and causes heavy metal pollution of water body, simultaneously contain certain metal dust at isolated non-metal powder, these waste materials belong to hard-degraded substance basically, relevant environmental regulation is defined as can not the landfill material, but because the non-metal powder that produces in the processing procedure is because dehydration exists too high than big difficulty or dehydration cost, can't be back to fiberglass and fill base material, the present processing approach of these non-metal powders can only arrive the refuse landfill landfill, wherein metal dust can form heavy metal ion gradually and cause heavy metal pollution behind landfill, non-metal powder causes landfill yard landfill capacity to reduce greatly owing to can't degrade, big leap ahead of closing cycle is difficult to realize harmless treatment.
Current China waste electric appliance quantity just with nearly speed development more than 1,000,000 tons in every year, all contains wiring board in the waste electric appliance, account for 8% as wiring board content in the host computer.Contain a lot of toxic materials in the waste printed circuit board,, simultaneously, contain precious metal materials such as gold, silver, copper in the printed circuit board (PCB) again, have very high added value as lead, bromine, benzene, cadmium etc.Lamina cupric 5%～6%, doubling plate cupric 10%～12%, multi-layer sheet cupric 20%～30%; All the other are resin and glass fibre, and resin accounts for 30%～50% of both total amounts usually, and glass fibre accounts for 50%～70%; Contain 10%～20% bromine in the epoxy resin, bromine is a pernicious gas.If waste printed circuit board is mishandling, not only can causes new environmental pollution, and can cause the serious waste of resource.Therefore, the harmless treatment of waste printed circuit board, not only can greatly reduce its harm to environment, the resource of a large amount of preciousnesses is utilized again, this all has great importance to utilization again and the sustainable development that improves existent environment of people, resource.
Industrially developed country all pays much attention to the innoxious recycling of waste printed circuit board.Mainly contain the associated companies of states such as Sweden, Germany, Japan, Canada.Wherein Sweden Scandinavian recovery company is one of maximum in the world recovery company, has developed with the rotational shear disintegrating machine metal material of printed circuit board (PCB) and nonmetallic materials are peeled off, and adopts pneumatic separating that metal powder is separated with non-metal powder again; Germany Daimler Benz Ulm research center becomes broken printed circuit board with shear breaker the particle of 2cm * 2cm earlier, magnetic separation then, use cooled with liquid nitrogen, be ground into tiny powder with the compaction type pulverizer again, the metal material and the nonmetallic materials of printed circuit board (PCB) are peeled off, with electrostatic sorting method metal powder is separated with non-metal powder at last; MAT adopts shearing and impact crusher to make wiring board be ground into the powder of 0.1～0.3mm, adopts the whirlwind sorting technology again, and metal powder is separated with non-metal powder.Moral company of Canada association also adopts and pulverizes the method recycling waste printed circuit board that adds electrostatic separation; Japan NEC Corporation earlier is ground into 100～300 μ m with waste printed circuit board, separates with whirlwind again, the metal part is separated with electrostatic method again, and the rate of recovery of metal is about 90%, metal purity about 82%.This device processes amount 300kg/h needs more than 200,000,000 yuan of yen approximately, and is quite expensive.
Present domestic scrap wire road recycling all has the similar technology of employing, but mainly contains following several defective: 1, not exclusively broken or can't use because of the undesired recovery system that makes of broken process running; 2, assorting room is coarse relatively, and separation rate is not high; 3, reclaiming the back non-metal powder can't handle; 4, fragmentation and separation process energy consumption are big, are difficult to realize innoxious separation.
Be used in above-mentioned technology that high-pressure electrostatic sorting basic functional principle that the containing metal solid waste reclaims is charged by gas ionization, grit, plurality of processes such as the heavy collection of grit and deashing form.
(1) gas ionization: on corona discharge electrode, apply high voltage direct current, produce corona discharge, make gas ionization, produce a large amount of negative ions;
(2) grit is charged: if electronegative near the corona discharge electrode, then cation is attracted and loses ionization, and free electron and anion are subjected to the effect of electric field force, just moves to dust collecting electrode, contacts with grit in the dust-contained airflow, makes grit charged;
(3) the heavy collection of grit: charged grit is heavy the collection on the dust collecting electrode surface after arriving dust collecting electrode under the effect of electric field force;
(4) the slow non-conductive material (as nonmetal dust) of the velocity of discharge, because the negative electrical charge of self is not released, and be subjected to the strong repulsion of deviating electrode, just firm is adsorbed on the dust collector pole surface, has only by the mode of rapping or cleaning dust adsorbed is removed; The negative electrical charge of the conductive material (as metallic dust) self that the velocity of discharge is fast is released very soon, just can not adsorbed by pole plate and directly separate from pole plate under the gravity effect.
The high-pressure electrostatic separator is exactly to utilize the electrical difference and realize a kind of method of sorting in high voltage electric field of each component in the solid material, the charged back of dust granules is adsorbed by dust collecting pole plate, metallic particles is owing to have electric conductivity preferably, the pole plate absorption back static that is grounded is eliminated very soon, just separate by gravity from pole plate, non-metal powder is still adsorbed by pole plate owing to its relatively poor electric conductivity, thereby realizes that metal separates with non-metal powder.
Existing in the market high voltage electrostatic equipment mainly is the very electrostatic separator of cylindrical structure that gathers dust as separator, the drum surface area is as the dust collecting pole plate area, rotate by the driven by motor drum, by scraper plate the non-metal powder on drum surface is separated, the collecting region that metal dust is fallen into below the separator realizes that metal separates with nonmetal, this kind mode is because the powder of absorption is constantly fallen on the drum surface by drag flight descaling, make the surface of drum remain clean relatively, the stability that pole plate gathers dust better, but because have only the drum surface area as the dust collecting pole plate area, being difficult to the realization large tracts of land gathers dust, be difficult to rationally be provided with discharge electrode simultaneously, the charged efficient of dust is reduced greatly, metal and nonmetal separation rate and treating capacity are all lower, thereby the metal purity that causes this type of electrostatic separator to sub-elect is very low, and the efficiency of separation is not high; The structure of another kind of high-pressure static cleaner mainly is fixed anode dust collection plate and fixed discharge electrode structure, the electric field structure design is ripe relatively, can realize bigger specific collection area and dust collection effect preferably, by test, it is very good to be used in the effect that metal separates with non-metal powder, but can only carry out the polar board surface deashing by the dismounting artificial deashing of pole plate or by the mode of rapping, there is following defective in this kind processing mode: the one, and equipment can not move continuously, equipment can not be worked when deashing or vibration dust-cleaning, also can produce a large amount of dust during deashing; The 2nd, metal collecting region and nonmetal collecting region are difficult to be provided with, and are difficult to realize automatic operation, yet there are no the data record this kind equipment is used as electrostatic separation equipment.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of metal separation rate height, environmentally friendly, containing metal solid waste recovery method and equipment that processing cost is low.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of containing metal solid waste recovery method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the containing metal solid waste by slicer carry out slightly broken, shear crusher carries out the one-level fragmentation, the adjustable speed hammer mill carries out two-stage crushing;
(2) material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower, and gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose powder particles, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust by blower fan;
(3) send into vibratory sieve after falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator less than 60 purpose containing metal dust, isolated nonmetal dust enters sack cleaner;
(4) enter vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, select 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials by vibrosieve; Wherein 10 orders are sent into the adjustable speed hammer mill again with interior material and are carried out two-stage crushing; Send into the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials, rotate separating metal and non-metal powder by the fixing dust collecting pole plate of central shaft serial connection by a plurality of;
(5) metal dust after separating is realized the high purity separation of various metals by the electrolysis production line, and the non-metal powder material uses as the inserts of phenolic fiberglass reinforced plastics.
Containing metal solid waste of the present invention slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer.
High-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention, comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate that can rotate continuously, described dust collecting pole plate is a plurality of and fixing by the central shaft serial connection, and described central shaft is connected to motor, between described per two dust collecting pole plates a discharge electrode and scraper plate is installed.
Dust collecting pole plate of the present invention is a disk, and the insulating sleeve of two same spacings is installed between the disk.
It is concentric annulus with central shaft that discharge electrode of the present invention is one, and the many discharge prickles that distribute equably all around of annulus are not established the discharge prickle but reserve a fan type zone on same plane.
The extension site of discharge prickle of the present invention is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece, and the two ends of electrode connecting piece are fixed on the shell of equipment by insulated terminal again, and the discharge electrode inner ring sleeve is on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance.
Be provided with a rubber flap between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate of position, fan type of the present invention zone correspondence.
The left upper end of body of the present invention is provided with charging aperture, and its corresponding vertical direction lower end is provided with the metallic dust collecting region, and nonmetal dust collecting region is located at the bottom righthand side of body.
The present invention compared with prior art, existing pyrogenic attack metal recovery rate only is about 85%, the purity of metal is about 95%, but processing procedure can produce a large amount of poisonous and hazardous gases, serious environment pollution, and the ton waste material burns a cost and is about 500 yuan/ton; The wet crushing metal recovery rate is about 90%, and the purity of metal is about 85%, but processing procedure can produce a large amount of waste water and a large amount of nonmetal waste material, and ton waste disposal cost is about about 450 yuan; Existing dry milling treatment facility is big because of broken power consumption, and metal recovery rate only is about 90%, and the purity of metal is about 80%, and ton waste disposal cost is about about 550 yuan, and the treatment system fault rate is higher; The present invention can realize that metal recovery rate is greater than 95%, the metal purity of sorting is greater than 90%, ton wiring board processing cost is about 200-300 yuan, and system's fully automatic operation, no dust waste gas, waste water in the processing procedure, and noise is controlled, far below other mode processing costs, economic benefit is considerable, can not cause any infringement to environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural front view of high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along A-A.
Fig. 3 is the side view of high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of high-pressure electrostatic separator dust collecting pole plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of high-pressure electrostatic separator central shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of high-pressure electrostatic separator discharge electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the scheme of installation of high-pressure electrostatic separator dust collecting pole plate of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 8, containing metal solid waste of the present invention slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer, adopt shearing gyratory crusher that material is carried out the one-level fragmentation, by impact type rotation hammer mill crumbling method discarded circuit board being carried out secondary again pulverizes, this grinding mode that combines by shearing gyratory crusher and impact type rotation grater can effectively be pulverized discarded circuit board, simultaneously to metal in the wiring board and nonmetal can dissociating effectively, the abandoned printed circuit board material of charged sub-element does not dissociate to be issued to fully at 1.2mm, and the abandoned printed circuit board of charged sub-element then dissociates below 0.6mm fully; With the shearing fragmentation of existing technology one-level, secondary hammer crushing, rotating speed of motor is fixing method and compares in the shattering process, the present invention adopts that slicer is slightly broken, the fragmentation of shear crusher one-level, adjustable speed hammer mill two-stage crushing, this kind crumbling method is compared the great energy consumption that has improved the operating efficiency of disintegrating machine and reduced broken process with existing two-stage crushing, after wherein having increased the slice type disintegrating machine, the crushing efficiency of shear crusher has increased by one times; Rotating speed by regulating disintegrating machine can effective broken different-thickness and the electronic waste of unlike material.It is low that above-mentioned crumbling method and existing domestic crumbling method relatively have energy consumption, and the crushing efficiency height comes comparison with the break process system of 200kg/h, and the existing domestic required energy consumption of crushing system is about 60kw, and crushing system energy consumption of the present invention is no more than 30kw; The live load that graded crushing mode of the present invention can solve disintegrating apparatus moves in reasonable range, and fault rate reduces greatly, and the equipment continuous running of making becomes possibility.
Secondly, carry out gravity separation, whirlwind sorting and electrostatic separation: material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower, gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose dust granules, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust by blower fan, metallic dust is sent into vibratory sieve after can falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator, isolated dust enters sack cleaner, and this class dust is by metal-containing powders not substantially after analyzing; Enter vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, can sub-elect 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials by vibratory sieve; Wherein about 2mm, metal does not separate with nonmetal 10 orders as yet fully with the most of particle diameter of interior material, continues broken so send into secondary breaker again; Can realize that respectively metal separates with nonmetal by the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials.Using the efficient that metallic dust separates with nonmetal dust behind the high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention can improve greatly, the content of nonmetal dust reduces greatly in the isolated metallic dust simultaneously, generally can realize that by the one-level electrostatic separation dust content is less than 5%.
The 3rd, metal after the separation and nonmetal processing: contain various metals such as gold, palladium, silver, copper, tin, nickel, aluminium, zinc because of metal dust, can realize various metal high purity separation by setting up a cover electrolysis production line, thereby realize the utilization once more of metal; The physics recovery and treatment method of waste printed circuit board must have a lot of nonmetallic materials and produce, if can not get effective utilization, will cause secondary pollution to environment, causes the waste of resource.The non-metal powder material is some brominated epoxy resin, and organic substances such as glass fibre constitute, and have excellent insulation property energy and fire resistance, and the inserts as phenolic fiberglass reinforced plastics after using by research can make it to turn waste into wealth.
The dry method impact type grinding mode that the present invention adopts in shattering process can reach good crushing effect to printed substrate.Top load, high strain rate percussion are its cardinal principles, with shearing, milling.If but these effects do not take appropriate measures and just may cause amount of localized heat accumulation and cause the resin thermal decomposition to discharge organic pollution, or even brominated huge toxicant, thermal decomposition product may comprise bromo-hydrocarbons, toluene, bromobenzene, toluene bromide and a spot of phenol, cresols, bromine phenol etc.Localized hyperthermia causes the basic reason that the pyrolysis pollutant discharges and accumulates in the pulverizing, therefore being necessary to improve disintegrating process is limited in below the cracking temperature local temperature rise, correlation test studies show that, be lower than 275 ℃ of organic materials and can not produce cracking basically, 275 ℃ of beginnings, the strand of polymer begins fracture, comprises end group elimination and skeleton cracking etc.; And double bond structure may be caught other free radical such as H, OH, Br etc. and generated alkane, alcohol and bromo-hydrocarbons cracking the time, can produce the existence of materials such as benzene monomer, toluene, ethylbenzene, bromobenzene, toluene bromide simultaneously, most of organic matter just has stench and strong toxicity and (selects from 2006 the 46th the 12nd phases of volume of Tsing-Hua University's journal (natural science edition): experimental study---the Zhao Ming that pyrolysis is polluted in the waste printed circuit board pulverization process in the product under minimum concentration, Li Jinhui, Yu Keli, Zhu Fenfen, warm snowy peak).Because of there is not high temperature in project in production process, working environments such as high pressure, all process steps all is to move at normal temperatures and pressures, the situation that each disintegrating machine can exist local temperature to raise in the physics shattering process, but broken apart whole process is to extract broken material by blower fan, as long as the air quantity of blower fan is provided with rationally, the situation that just can not occur the temperature accumulation in the shattering process, regulate rotating speed of motor by frequency converter simultaneously, can effectively control local temperature in the shattering process and be no more than 275 ℃ of critical-temperatures that produce cracking, normal broken link outfit of equipment temperature is no more than 40 degrees centigrade in process of the test, also do not have simultaneously any stench peculiar smell and produce, therefore can tentatively get rid of crushing process can produce thermal cracking.But be perfectly safe reliably in order to control production process, air quality to workshop in the normal productive process must be provided with monitoring equipment, and reinforcement workshop open air exhaust amount, exhaust gas discharged is introduced high altitude discharge after by sack cleaner in the production process, operations such as simultaneously production process is slightly broken, one-level is broken, two-stage crushing and electrostatic separation all can realize automatic charging, production process can be implemented in operation in the airtight system, put the great potential safety hazard that produces in the production process of having eliminated by above arranging, can realize safety in production.Wiring board is mainly bromination or high brominated epoxy resin as another, bromine content can reach 10%～50%, the fire resistance of sheet material also is provided in the time of as matrix resin, this type of dust has perfect insulating properties and fire resistance, there is not the danger of burning or blast, so do not have fire and explosive potential safety hazard in the production process; Power equipment is atmospheric pressure state simultaneously, safety operation system routinely just can realize safety in production, wherein high voltage electrostatic equipment is because of the high voltage and the low current parameter of use, can not cause the human injury even the discharge position occurs touching because of carelessness in use yet, do not have potential safety hazard yet, thus in the production process safety problem fully in controllable scope.
The high-pressure electrostatic separator that the present invention uses in electrostatic separation technology, not only can effectively solve the nonmetal automatic ash removing problem of equipment, do not influence simultaneously the continuous running of equipment, the dust collecting pole plate cleanliness factor of equipment maintains a level preferably all the time, thereby can realize the effect of the nonmetal dust of absorption of stability and high efficiency, metal and nonmetallic purity and fractional dose significantly improve, and dust is controlled easily in the separation process, equipment line service amount and difficulty are all very little, be difficult for forming floating dust, can realize automatic operation simultaneously.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, high-pressure electrostatic separator of the present invention, comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate 8 that can rotate continuously, described dust collecting pole plate 8 is a plurality of and fixing by central shaft 7 serial connections, between per two dust collecting pole plates 8 discharge electrode 9 and scraper plate are installed, discharge electrode 9 is by electrode connecting piece 10 connections and be connected to anodal inlet wire 17.Dust collecting pole plate 8 is a disk (as shown in Figure 4), central shaft 7 is a rigidity circular shaft (as shown in Figure 5), central shaft 7 passes the center of circle of multi-disc disk, the multi-disc disk is contacted, the insulating sleeve 3 of two same spacings is installed to keep stable distance between plates between the disk, insulating sleeve 3 two ends are fixing by hold-down nut 4, thereby disk evenly is fixed on the central shaft 7, disk and central shaft 7 keep in touch well, the two sides of every disk all is effective specific collection area, and the area that stacks up can be suitable with the area of fixing chip electrostatic apparatus; It is concentric annulus with central shaft 7 that single discharge electrode 9 is one, the many discharge prickles that distribute uniformly all around of annulus on same plane, but reserve a fan type zone and do not establish discharge prickle (as shown in Figure 6), the discharge field structure is that a discharge electrode 9 is installed between per two dust collecting pole plates 8, the extension site of each prickle that discharges is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece 10, the two ends of electrode connecting piece 10 are fixed on the shell of equipment by insulated terminal 2 again, and discharge electrode 9 inner ring sleeves are on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance (as shown in Figure 7).Central shaft 7 two ends are provided with anti-tooth, and wherein an end is connected with bearing 5 and belt pulley 6, are connected with motor 11 by driving belt 14, and the other end is connected with bearing and negative pole is subjected to electric groove.Body is made up of upper body 15 and following body 1, is fixed on this body support frame 12 by this body support frame nut 16.Charging aperture 101 is located at the left upper end of equipment, the lower end of corresponding vertical direction is provided with metallic dust collecting region 201 and metallic dust collecting bag 202, nonmetal dust collecting region 301 is located at the bottom righthand side of equipment, be non-metallic dust collecting bag 302 under it, rubber flap 13 is arranged between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate 8 in fan type position, zone that the discharge prickle is not installed.
Send into the charging aperture of equipment by vibratory sieve when containing metal and nonmetallic dust, vibratory sieve can enter high voltage electric field uniformly with the dust of same particle size, wherein the charged back of metallic dust since its good electrical conductivity with the discharge electrode that is grounded very soon of electric charge discharge, become uncharged particle, under the gravity effect, enter the metallic dust collecting region, but not the charged back of metallic dust is because its relatively poor electric conductivity, charged particle is adsorbed by dust collecting pole plate under effect of electric field, the rotation that dust collecting pole plate does not stop under the drive axle of motor effect, just scraped into flue-dust retainer when forwarding the nonmetal dust that adsorbs on the dust collecting pole plate behind the rubber flap district to by rubber flap, so circulation is carried out, thereby realizes that metal efficiently separates with nonmetal dust.Because dust collecting pole plate is constantly maintained clean relatively state behind the drag flight descaling always, thereby keep electric field to be in the duty of an efficient stable all the time, thereby realize the stability and the high efficiency of dust collection effect, be used in effect on the separator and be and nonmetally the metallic dust purity that flows into the metal collecting region is improved greatly by the efficient absorption of dust collecting pole plate, thus realize metal and nonmetal dust efficiently separate continuous operation with equipment.
The present invention has successfully solved a broken difficult problem in the lab scale stage, the pilot scale stage can be implemented in selection by winnowing, the electrostatic separation aspect can accomplish that metal recovery rate reaches more than 95%, metal purity about 92%, by handling the 200kg/h waste printed circuit board, total cost is no more than 1,000,000 RMB, and system's fully automatic operation, no dust waste gas in the processing procedure, waste water, and noise is controlled, ton wiring board processing cost is about 200-300 yuan, processing cost far below burning and other modes, and the value bill panel that reclaims can be realized the economic well-being of workers and staff of 2000-2500 unit/ton, and the multiaspect plate can be realized the economic well-being of workers and staff of nearly 10000 yuan of/ton RMB, and economic benefit is considerable, simultaneously can not cause any infringement, really can realize economic benefit and environmental benefit bumper harvests environment.
Claims (8)
1. containing metal solid waste recovery method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the containing metal solid waste by slicer carry out slightly broken, shear crusher carries out the one-level fragmentation, the adjustable speed hammer mill carries out two-stage crushing;
(2) material is extracted into gravity separator and cyclone separator through behind the two-stage crushing by centrifugal blower, and gravity separator will be sent into vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose powder particles, send into cyclone separator less than 60 purpose dust by blower fan;
(3) send into vibratory sieve after falling into the flue-dust retainer of cyclone separator less than 60 purpose containing metal dust, isolated nonmetal dust enters sack cleaner;
(4) enter vibratory sieve greater than 60 purpose material powder, select 60 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders and 10 purpose materials by vibrosieve; Wherein 10 orders are sent into the adjustable speed hammer mill again with interior material and are carried out two-stage crushing; Send into the high-pressure electrostatic separator less than 20 purpose materials, rotate separating metal and non-metal powder by the fixing dust collecting pole plate of central shaft serial connection by a plurality of;
(5) metal dust after separating is realized the high purity separation of various metals by the electrolysis production line, and the non-metal powder material uses as the inserts of fiberglass.
2. containing metal solid waste recovery method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described containing metal solid waste slightly breaks into the coarse fodder of width less than 15cm by slicer.
3. high-pressure electrostatic separator that is used for the described method of claim 1, comprise body and the dust collecting pole plate that can rotate continuously, it is characterized in that: described dust collecting pole plate is a plurality of and fixing by the central shaft serial connection, described central shaft is connected to motor, between described per two dust collecting pole plates a discharge electrode and scraper plate is installed.
4. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described dust collecting pole plate is a disk, and the insulating sleeve of two same spacings is installed between the disk.
5. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: it is concentric annulus with central shaft that described discharge electrode is one, the many discharge prickles that distribute equably all around of annulus are not established the discharge prickle but reserve a fan type zone on same plane.
6. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the extension site of described discharge prickle is connected respectively on the unidirectional electrode connecting piece, the two ends of electrode connecting piece are fixed on the shell of equipment by insulated terminal again, and the discharge electrode inner ring sleeve is on the between centers insulating sleeve but keep certain clearance.
7. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: be provided with a rubber flap between the every two-layer dust collecting pole plate of position, described fan type zone correspondence.
8. high-pressure electrostatic separator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the left upper end of described body is provided with charging aperture, and its corresponding vertical direction lower end is provided with the metallic dust collecting region, and nonmetal dust collecting region is located at the bottom righthand side of body.
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| CN2007101250381A CN101185935B (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2007-12-17 | Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal |
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| CN2007101250381A CN101185935B (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2007-12-17 | Method and apparatus for recovering solid waste material containing metal |
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