CN107716521A - A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste - Google Patents
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107716521A CN107716521A CN201711085810.1A CN201711085810A CN107716521A CN 107716521 A CN107716521 A CN 107716521A CN 201711085810 A CN201711085810 A CN 201711085810A CN 107716521 A CN107716521 A CN 107716521A
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- Prior art keywords
- electronic waste
- ecological
- metal
- powder
- environmental protective
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/025—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from manufactured products, e.g. from printed circuit boards, from photographic films, paper, or baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, and operating procedure is as follows：1）Electronic waste is broken for powder by pulverizer；2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, first separating plastic powder is kept completely separate with metal dust；3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing, using density difference, isolates gold, iron, copper, tin crude product successively by three-stage cyclone separator in whirlwind；4）By step 3）The metal crude product of middle separation carries out chemical composition analysis；5）With reference to step 4）The result of analysis, design metal separation system；6）Metal dust is put into smelting furnace and melted, forms multilayer melt structure；7）Each layer melt separate using mechanical means.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the separation and recovery that electronic waste is realized in completely enclosed equipment, non-environmental-pollution, and separate fine, rate of recovery height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of Environment Protection, and in particular to the processing method of electronic waste, more particularly to a kind of ecological, environmental protective
The method for reclaiming electronic waste.
Background technology
Electronic product refers to be made up of electronic components such as integrated circuit, transistor, electron tubes, application electric technology（Bag
Include）The equipment that software plays a role.Mainly include：Wrist-watch, smart mobile phone, phone, television set, video disc player（VCD、 SVCD、
DVD）, video recorder, video camera, radio, radio cassette player, combination sound box, compact disc player（CD）, computer, mobile communication product etc..Cause
The main therefore named electronic product of the original paper based on electron tube of early production.Electronic technology is the western countries such as the European U.S. 19
The end of the century, earlier 1900s start the emerging technology to grow up, earliest by American Morse invention telegram in 1837,
American Alexandria Bel's invention phone in 1875, English physicist Fleming invention electron tube in 1902.Electronic product
It is most rapid in twentieth century development, it is most widely used, turn into an important symbol of modern science technology development.Electronic product with
Electron tube is core.Be born first transistor in the world at the forties end, and it is with compact, light, power saving, life-span
The features such as long, soon by various countries' application, electron tube is instead of in very large range.In the fifties latter stage, go out in the world
First piece of integrated circuit is showed, the electronic component integrations such as many transistors on one piece of silicon, are made electronic product to more by it
Miniaturization.Integrated circuit is developed rapidly to large scale integrated circuit and ultra-large integrated electricity from small scale integration
Road, so that electronic product develops towards high-effect low consumption, high accuracy, high stable, intelligentized direction.
With the arrival in Information technology epoch, the frequency of the update of electronic product is increased sharply, and is bringing people's life just
While prompt, the electron wastes of enormous amount are also generated.Because electron wastes have the toxic and dual category of resource
Property, if mishandling to its, sizable harm can have both been produced to environment, non-renewable resources can also have been caused irretrievable
Loss.China is faced with more serious electron wastes as maximum in the world electronic product producing country and country of consumption
Problem, and the everyway of China's recycling of WEEE processing at present is not perfect.
Electronic waste, refer to the electrical equipment or electronic equipment for going out of use and not using, mainly including refrigerator, air-conditioning, washing machine,
The elimination product of the electronics technologies such as the communication electronics product such as the household electrical appliance such as television set and computer.Electronic waste species are various,
It is broadly divided into two classes：One kind is that contained material is fairly simple, the Waste ammunition lighter to environmental hazard, as refrigerator,
The household electrical appliance such as washing machine, air conditioner and medical treatment, scientific research electrical equipment etc., disassembling and handling for this kind of product are relatively simple；
Another kind of is that contained material is more complicated, the Waste ammunition bigger to environmental hazard, in computer, television picture tube
Lead, arsenic, mercury and other harmful substances contained in computer components, arsenic, cadmium, lead in the raw material of mobile phone and other are a variety of
Persistently noxious material of drop and bioaccumulation etc..Report away from the issue of the United Nations Environment Programme of incomplete statistics 2010, I
State turns into second-biggest-in-the-world electronic waste producing country, produces more than 2,300,000 tons electronic wastes every year, is only second to the 300 of the U.S.
Ten thousand tons.To the year two thousand twenty, the waste computer in China will double to two kinds than 2007, and waste mobile telephone will increase by 7 times.Electronic waste
For thing during recovery and comprehensive utilization, there is pollution environment and the phenomenon of infringement health in various degree, it would be highly desirable to causes
Pay attention to.
Mainly it is made up of plastics and metal such as copper, gold, aluminium, tin etc., at present, existing electronic waste handles recovery technology master
If burning, copper, gold, aluminium, tin are obtained by burning removing organic plastics etc..But this method causes very big pollution to environment,
And cause the valuable wasting of resources such as plastics；Solvent method recovery can remove organic plastics and obtain metal, but equally cause
Environmental pollution and the waste of resource, and cost recovery is high, organic efficiency is low.
The content of the invention
For processing electronic waste at present, the present invention proposes a kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, complete
The separation and recovery of electronic waste, non-environmental-pollution are realized in provision for sealing, and separates fine, rate of recovery height.
To solve the above problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）Electronic waste is broken for powder by pulverizer；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing, according to density metal difference, passes through three-level mistake by three-stage cyclone separator
Cyclone separator separating metal powder species；
4）The metal dust of initial gross separation is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melts
Body, melt temperature is down to predetermined temperature insulation, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, then standing makes melt fully divide
From under gravity due to the influence of density contrast, formation multilayer melt structure；
5）The progress of each layer melt is finely separated using mechanical means.
Further, step 1）In electronic waste first pass through first disassemble be divided into it is available and not using part, can profit
With being partly directly used in production or putting goods on the market, powder is not broken for by pulverizer using part.
Further, step（1）Described to be broken for powder, preferable fineness was 50 mesh sieves, more thin more be advantageous to be embedded in
Metal separation in plastics.
Further, it is described not to be pyrolyzed using the electronic waste line of part by fluid bed at 600-800 DEG C.
Further, step 4）The temperature control of middle smelting furnace is at 1200-1800 DEG C.
Further, step 4）Middle formation multilayer melt structure is, it is necessary to first cool down 1-2min, then under the action of the centrifugal force
Separation, is cooled to room temperature.
A kind of method of present invention ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, compared with prior art, the characteristics of it is protruded and excellent
Different effect is：
1st, physical method is first passed through, electronic waste to be processed is subjected to physical decomposition, is reduced caused by chemical reagent dissolving
Environmental hazard.
2nd, separated by refining closely knit metal with nonmetallic, and it is different using copper, gold, iron, aluminium tin density, revolved in three-level
Wind separator is isolated successively.Further, plastic powders are introduced directly into screw extruder to be granulated.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows
The separation and recovery of electronic waste, non-environmental-pollution, rate of recovery height are realized in completely enclosed equipment.
3rd, for the metal of initial gross separation, using centrifugation layering is carried out under molten condition, melting and solidification is then extracted respectively
Metal level afterwards, separation are fine.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should not be interpreted as to the present invention
Scope be only limitted to following example.In the case where not departing from above method thought of the present invention, according to ordinary skill
The various replacements or change that knowledge and customary means are made, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）Electronic waste based on circuit board is broken for powder by pulverizer；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing by three-stage cyclone separator, isolate successively gold, iron, copper, aluminium tin it is thick
Product；
4）By step 3）The metal crude product of middle separation carries out chemical composition analysis；The result of binding analysis, design metal segregative line
System；Metal dust is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melt, melt temperature is dropped
It is incubated to predetermined temperature, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, then standing is sufficiently separated melt, under gravity
Due to the influence of density contrast, multilayer melt structure is formed；
5）The progress of each layer melt is finely separated using mechanical means.
Obtained gold, iron, copper, aluminium tin are analyzed, golden purity 64%, iron purity 87%, copper purity 89%, aluminium tin purity
92%, the rate of recovery of total metal reaches 82, and each metal purity finely separated is high.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）By electronic waste by crushing, grinding, the powder of 50 mesh sieves was broken for；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing by three-stage cyclone separator, isolated successively according to density gold, iron, copper,
The crude product of tin；
4）By step 3）The metal crude product of middle separation carries out chemical composition analysis；The result of binding analysis, design metal segregative line
System；Metal crude product decibel is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melt, by melt temperature
Degree is down to predetermined temperature insulation, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, and then standing is sufficiently separated melt, makees in gravity
Due to the influence of density contrast under, multilayer melt structure is formed；
5）The progress of each layer melt is further finely separated using mechanical means.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）By electronic waste by crushing, grinding, the powder of 50 mesh sieves was broken for；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing by three-stage cyclone separator, isolated successively according to density gold, iron, copper,
The crude product of tin；
4）By step 3）The metal crude product of middle separation carries out chemical composition analysis；The result of binding analysis, design metal segregative line
System；Metal crude product decibel is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melt, by melt temperature
Degree is down to predetermined temperature insulation, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, and then standing is sufficiently separated melt, makees in gravity
Due to the influence of density contrast under, multilayer melt structure is formed；The temperature control of smelting furnace is at 1550 DEG C；Form multilayer melt knot
Then structure separates, is cooled to room temperature, it is necessary to first cool down 1.5min under the action of the centrifugal force;
5）The progress of each layer melt is further finely separated using mechanical means.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）Electronic waste, which first passes through first to disassemble, to be divided into available and not using part, is directly reclaimed using part, can not be sharp
With part by crushing, grinding, the powder of 50 mesh sieves was broken for；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing by three-stage cyclone separator, isolated successively according to density gold, iron, copper,
The crude product of tin；
4）By step 3）The metal crude product of middle separation carries out chemical composition analysis；The result of binding analysis, design metal segregative line
System；Metal crude product decibel is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melt, by melt temperature
Degree is down to predetermined temperature insulation, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, and then standing is sufficiently separated melt, makees in gravity
Due to the influence of density contrast under, multilayer melt structure is formed；The temperature control of smelting furnace is at 1550 DEG C；Form multilayer melt knot
Then structure separates, is cooled to room temperature, it is necessary to first cool down 1.5min under the action of the centrifugal force；
5）The progress of each layer melt is further finely separated using mechanical means.
The rate of recovery of total metal reaches 79%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste, operating procedure are as follows：
1）Electronic waste is broken for powder by pulverizer；
2）Electronic waste after crushing is sent into airslide disintegrating mill, under high-pressure electrostatic effect, first separating plastic powder and metal
Powder is kept completely separate；Plastic powders import screw extruder and are granulated；
3）By step 2）Metal dust after processing, according to density metal difference, passes through three-level mistake by three-stage cyclone separator
Cyclone separator separating metal powder species；
4）The metal dust of initial gross separation is put into smelting furnace, regulates and controls the smelting temperature of liquid-phase separating system, mechanical agitation melts
Body, melt temperature is down to predetermined temperature insulation, adjusts the oscillation intensity of liquid-phase separating system, then standing makes melt fully divide
From under gravity due to the influence of density contrast, formation multilayer melt structure；
5）The progress of each layer melt is finely separated using mechanical means.
A kind of 2. method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）In electricity
Sub- rubbish first pass through first disassemble be divided into it is available and not using part, using being partly directly used in production or put goods on the market,
Powder is not broken for by pulverizer using part.
A kind of 3. method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）The powder
Last fineness was 50 mesh sieves.
A kind of 4. method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described not available
Partial electronic waste line is by fluid bed in 600-800 DEG C of pyrolysis.
A kind of 5. method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4）Middle smelting furnace
Temperature control at 1200-1800 DEG C.
A kind of 6. method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4）Middle formation
Then multilayer melt structure separates, is cooled to room temperature, it is necessary to first cool down 1-2min under the action of the centrifugal force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711085810.1A CN107716521A (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711085810.1A CN107716521A (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107716521A true CN107716521A (en) | 2018-02-23 |
Family
ID=61222786
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| CN201711085810.1A Pending CN107716521A (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | A kind of method of ecological, environmental protective recovery electronic waste |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111068915A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 首钢环境产业有限公司 | Method for purifying metal in slag |
| CN113751462A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-07 | 海南省量心环保科技有限公司 | Electronic garbage recycling and disassembling equipment and processing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111068915A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 首钢环境产业有限公司 | Method for purifying metal in slag |
| CN111068915B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-09-06 | 首钢环境产业有限公司 | Method for purifying metal in slag |
| CN113751462A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-07 | 海南省量心环保科技有限公司 | Electronic garbage recycling and disassembling equipment and processing method |
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Application publication date: 20180223 |