CN101185594B - 可张开的椎间植入物 - Google Patents

可张开的椎间植入物 Download PDF

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CN101185594B
CN101185594B CN2007101927838A CN200710192783A CN101185594B CN 101185594 B CN101185594 B CN 101185594B CN 2007101927838 A CN2007101927838 A CN 2007101927838A CN 200710192783 A CN200710192783 A CN 200710192783A CN 101185594 B CN101185594 B CN 101185594B
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intervertebral implant
wedge
support component
shaped
joint element
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CN101185594A (zh
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W·马蒂斯
L·比德曼
J·哈姆斯
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Biedermann Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/4465Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30518Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements with possibility of relative movement between the prosthetic parts
    • A61F2002/30523Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements with possibility of relative movement between the prosthetic parts by means of meshing gear teeth
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30579Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with mechanically expandable devices, e.g. fixation devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements

Abstract

一种可张开的椎间植入物,其包括:前壁(1);与前壁隔开的后壁(2);和两个侧壁(3,4),所述侧壁在它们各自的端部连接前壁(1)和后壁(2),所述壁限定空间(5);底面;顶面;至少一个接合元件(30,30’),所述接合元件具有与椎体的端板接合的接合表面(34,34’);第一调节元件(20)和第二调节元件(20’),所述第一和第二调节元件分别由第一支撑元件(11)和第二支撑元件(11’)支撑,并且与各自的支撑元件配合,使得接合元件(30,30’)可在第一端部位置和第二端部位置之间往复移动,在第一端部位置中接合表面(34,34’)不伸出底面或顶面,在第二端部位置中接合表面(34,34’)至少部分地向外伸出底面或顶面,其中第一和第二支撑元件(11,11’)由连接机构(15;150,151;160)连接。

Description

可张开的椎间植入物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可张开(expandable)的椎间植入物,其包括:前壁、后壁以及连接前壁和后壁的两个侧壁,所述壁限定具有开口底部和顶部的腔;和在所述腔中可从第一位置运动到第二位置的至少一个元件,在第一位置中所述元件的表面不伸出所述腔,在第二位置中所述元件的表面至少部分地伸出所述腔。所述植入物可主动地(actively)从两个侧面之一张开。此外,所述植入物具有解剖学形状。
背景技术
在取出椎间盘之后插入椎间植入物以用于稳定椎间区域直到同时填充在其中的骨材料生长成骨质连接和增强。
可张开的椎间植入物可从US6,176,882 B1获知。所述椎间植入物包括:两个隔开的侧壁,在其一端连接侧壁的前壁,在其另一端连接侧壁的后壁,所述壁限定壁内的相应空间;底面、顶面,每个面横向于所述壁延伸;布置在由所述壁限定的空间内的至少一个接合元件,所述接合元件具有朝着底面和顶面之一定向的表面;和两个楔形元件,所述楔形元件由螺纹轴支撑在前壁和后壁中,所述螺纹轴具有两个端部和带有相反螺距的两个部分,螺纹轴的一个端部可旋转地支撑在前壁中,另一个端部可旋转地支撑在后壁中。两个楔形元件支撑在所述空间内,使得当螺纹轴沿一个方向旋转时楔形元件之间的距离减小,并且当螺纹轴沿相反方向旋转时楔形元件之间的距离增加。楔形元件可操作以往复移动接合元件。可张开的椎间植入物的外部轮廓是矩形的。所以,楔形元件可以支撑在单螺纹轴上。
另一种可张开的椎间植入物例如可从WO2005/058209A2获知。所述植入物包括:主体,该主体具有纵向轴线并且包括沿着横向轴线隔开的第一和第二轴向壁;在互连的第一和第二轴向壁之间延伸的第一和第二横向端壁。所述椎间植入物包括张开元件,该张开元件与轴向壁共同作用以沿着横向轴线张开主体。在平行于椎体的端板的平面中该植入物的外部轮廓也是矩形的。带有矩形轮廓的椎间植入物并不完美地适合椎体的端板的形状。对于某些应用解剖学形状的椎间植入物是理想的。
US2005/0125062公开了一种高度可调节的椎间植入物,该植入物具有解剖学形状。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可张开的椎间植入物,其允许方便插入并且同时具有改进的操作简单的张开机构。
根据权利要求1所述的椎间植入物解决了所述目的。在从属权利要求中给出了进一步研发结果。
所述椎间植入物是解剖学形状的,尤其是,它具有香蕉形或肾形。然而,由于根据本发明的椎间植入物的张开机构,它可以容易地适于具有更加适合椎体的端板的自然形状的其它形状。
所述椎间植入物可以通过从任一侧接近它进行张开。
各种连接机构可以用于将用于张开所述植入物的一个支撑元件的旋转运动连接到另一个支撑元件。
附图说明
通过参考结合附图的以下具体描述,本发明的进一步特征和优点将变得显而易见并且将最佳地被理解。
图1示出根据第一实施例的椎间植入物的分解透视图。
图2示出组装好的图1的椎间植入物的主视透视图。
图3示出省略上接合元件的图1和2的椎间植入物的俯视透视图。
图4以放大图部分地在截面图中示出图3的细节。
图5示出图3中所示的植入物的传动机构。
图6示出图5中所示的连接机构的连接元件的主视透视图。
图7示出图6的连接元件的俯视图。
图8示出图6的连接元件的侧视图。
图9示出图6的连接元件的另一侧视图。
图10示出带有改进的连接机构并且省略上接合元件的根据图1和2的植入物的透视图。
图11示出改进的连接机构的细节;
图12示出图11中所示的连接机构的侧视图。
图13示出另一改进的连接机构的俯视透视图。
图14示出图13的元件的俯视图。
图15示出第一实施例中的植入物的接合元件的侧视图。
图16示出图15的接合元件的俯视透视图。
图17示出图15的接合元件的仰视透视图。
图18示出图15的接合元件的外部的透视图。
图19示出根据第二实施例的植入物的接合元件的侧视图。
图20示出图19的接合元件的俯视透视图。
图21示出接合元件处于缩回位置(retracted position)的可张开的椎间植入物的主视图。
图22示出接合元件处于张开位置(expanded position)的可张开的椎间植入物的主视图。
图23部分地在截面图中示出植入物,其中图19的接合元件处于缩回位置。
图24部分地在截面图中示出植入物,其中图19的接合元件处于张开位置。
图25a-25e示出椎间植入物的组装步骤。
具体实施方式
如图1-7中所示,可张开的椎间植入物包括前壁1、与前壁隔开的后壁2、第一侧壁3和第二侧壁4,第一侧壁3在它们的一端连接前壁1和后壁2,第二侧壁4与第一侧壁相对用于在它们的相对的另一端连接前壁和后壁。如图1中最佳地示出的,底面和顶面敞开使得四个壁限定具有开口底部和开口顶部的腔5。前壁1和后壁2具有基本相同的长度并且沿基本相同的方向弯曲。侧壁3和4较短并且连接前壁和后壁使得由壁限定基本香蕉形或肾形的轮廓。各个前壁和后壁以及侧壁的长度和曲率可以被选择成适合植入物插入其间的椎体的相对端板的尺寸和形状。前壁和后壁的高度朝着壁的中心稍微增加(参见图21-24)以便适合椎体的端板的相应凹陷部分。前壁1和后壁2优选具有多个开孔6,所述开孔在所示的实施例中具有菱形形状。然而,开孔的形状也可以是圆形的、卵形的或其它形状的。
特别如图1和2中所示,侧壁3和4基本在它们的中心包括孔7、7’。在图4中可以最佳地看到,孔7和相应的相对孔7’各自分别具有带有第一孔径的第一部分8和随后的第二部分9,第一部分8邻近侧壁的外部,第二部分9通向腔5并且具有稍小于第一孔径的第二孔径。由此,第二部分9限定台肩。
轴承元件(或轴承轴颈)10、10’分别插入到孔7、7’中。每个轴承元件10、10’具有带有第一外径的第一圆柱形部分和与其相邻的带有第二外径的第二圆柱形部分,所述第二外径匹配孔7、7’的第一部分8和第二部分9的内径,使得轴承元件安置在台肩上。轴承元件10、10’的尺寸使得轴承元件10、10’分别通过压配合保持在孔7、7’中。
植入物进一步包括两个螺纹轴11、11’,每个螺纹轴具有圆柱形的第一端部12、12’,其在自由端带有用于与工具(未示出)接合的凹槽13、13’,优选是六边形凹槽。圆柱形的第一端部12、12’的外径稍小于轴承10、10’的内径,使得螺纹轴的第一端部12、12’可以插入到轴承10、10’中并且可以可旋转地保持在其中。每个螺纹轴进一步具有与第一端部12、12’相对的圆柱形第二端部14、14’。
螺纹轴11、11’的螺距彼此相反。螺纹轴的长度使得当螺纹轴保持在轴承10、10’中并且伸入腔5中时,螺纹轴的第二端部14、14’不会彼此接触。
在图3-5中尤其可以看到,螺纹轴11、11’通过连接元件15连接第二端部14、14’。图1-7中所示的实施例中的连接元件15设计成弧形管部分,其具有沿圆周方向延伸的狭槽16。狭槽彼此偏移使得一个圆周线的狭槽覆盖相邻圆周线的至少不设置狭槽的部分。连接元件15的内径使得连接元件15例如可以借助于压配合连接而连接到螺纹轴的圆柱形端部14、14’。连接元件的曲率和长度使得它适合螺纹轴11、11’的纵向轴线L、L’彼此围成的角α。这意味着连接元件15的曲率基本对应于植入物的前壁1和后壁2的曲率。狭槽16的数量、宽度和长度被选择成能够为管提供预期的弯曲挠性,同时提供足够的抗扭刚度。
如在图3中可以看到的,圆形凸缘17、17’可以设在每个螺纹轴11、11’的端部14、14’以提供止动装置(stop),该止动装置的功能将随后进行描述。凸缘17、17’在相对侧面上具有突起18,其安置在分别设在前壁1和后壁2的内侧面的台肩19上。凸缘17、17’也为螺纹轴和连接元件提供导向和/或支撑。
尤其如在图1和3-5中可以看到的,楔形元件20、20’设在每个螺纹轴11、11’上。每个楔形元件由顶面21、21’和相对的底面22、22’限定,所述顶面和底面彼此之间包括一个角度以限定楔形形状。每个楔形元件20、20’包括平坦前壁23、23’和弧形后壁和平坦侧壁。平坦前壁23、23’和顶壁21、21’和底壁22、22’被布置成使得顶壁和底壁之间的距离沿着远离前壁的方向增加。楔形元件20、20’包括具有内螺纹的螺纹孔,所述内螺纹分别对应于螺纹轴11、11’的外螺纹。楔形元件20、20’被拧到相应的螺纹轴11、11’上处于这样的位置使得它们的相应顶面21、21’和底面22、22’朝着彼此倾斜。尤其如在图3中可以看到的,楔形元件的后壁弯曲使得它们适合植入物的侧壁3、4的内侧面的曲率。
如图1、2和15-18中最佳地示出的,第一接合元件30和第二接合元件30’分别放置在楔形元件20、20’的相互倾斜的顶面21、21’和相互倾斜的底面22、22’(称为楔面)之间。每个接合元件30、30’在其面对楔形元件的下面上分别具有两个相互倾斜的倾斜表面31、32和31’、32’。表面31、32和31’、32’的倾斜角分别对应于楔形元件的楔角。在左和右倾斜表面31、32和31’、32’之间,接合元件30、30’包括基本为弧形的圆柱形凹槽33、33’,所述圆柱形凹槽的尺寸设计成允许容纳包括凸缘17、17’的连接元件15。凹槽33、33’分别伸出到倾斜表面31、32和31’、32’中。接合元件30、30’的倾斜表面和楔形元件20、20’的楔面可以在彼此之上滑动。为了增强滑动能力,所述面可以涂有涂层或者可以被抛光。
尤其如在图16和17中可以看到的,接合元件的轮廓大致为香蕉形或肾形并且对应于如图1和2中所示的植入物主体的轮廓。接合元件30的顶表面34在所示的实施例中具有相对于彼此有微小倾斜度的右部34a和左部34b,所述倾斜度与下侧面上的倾斜表面31、32的倾斜度相反。第二接合元件31’具有带有倾斜部分34a’、34b’(未示出)的相应顶表面34’。顶表面34进一步具有接合结构35,该接合结构可以设计成从表面突出的齿或肋或适合与椎体的端板的表面接合的任何其它结构。
如在图1、2和15、16中可以看到的,每个接合元件30、30’包括从顶表面34、34’延伸到距其一定距离处的基本为U形的狭槽36、36’。前壁1和后壁2均包括位于侧壁之间的中心的孔38、38’,一个在上半部中,一个在下半部中。两个销39、39’延伸通过相对的孔38穿过腔5。销39、39’分别接合接合元件30、30’的U形狭槽36。借助于此,形成防止接合元件30、30’掉出的止动装置。U形狭槽36还形成接合元件30、30’的导向件。
销39、39’的布置和U形狭槽36、36’的深度彼此匹配使得相应的接合元件在底面和顶面上的向外运动的最大高度由销39、39’的相对位置和狭槽36的深度确定。
楔形元件20、20’,螺纹轴11、11’和接合元件30、30’的尺寸以及螺纹的螺距设计成允许接合元件从图21中所示的第一位置移动到图22和24中所示的第二位置,在第一位置中顶表面34、34’位于腔5中,在第二端置中顶表面34、34’伸到植入物的腔5上方。
植入物由生物相容材料,例如钛、生物相容塑料材料或其它生物相容材料制成。连接元件15例如由不锈钢或钛制成,以提供足够的强度。
在操作中,首先,使楔形元件20、20’位于图3所示的位置中,其中通过旋转螺纹轴之一使后壁与植入物的侧壁34的内侧面接触。这导致每个接合元件30、30’占据其最低位置,其中顶表面34、34’的接合结构35不伸出植入物的腔5。所以植入物可以容易地插入到两个椎骨之间的区域中并且不会有损伤椎骨的端板的软部的风险。由于植入物的轮廓大致为香蕉形,因此与矩形植入物的插入相比插入方便。植入物可以插入使得前壁沿背侧方向定向,并且后壁沿腹侧方向定向,并且侧壁侧向地定向。前壁、后壁和侧壁的指示并不限制植入物用于插入的特定方式而仅仅是为了相对于彼此区分壁。当将植入物正确地定位在椎骨之间时,通过用工具从侧壁3、4之一接近螺纹轴,例如用六角扳手接合螺纹轴的凹槽13、13’来接合螺纹轴11、11’之一使两个楔形元件20、20’朝着彼此运动。通过旋转螺纹轴之一,旋转运动由连接元件15传递到另一螺纹轴。在图1-7所示的实施例中,连接元件由于其形成弱化部分的狭槽16而具有带有足够抗扭刚度的弯曲能力,这允许将一个螺纹轴的旋转运动传递到另一螺纹轴。通过旋转螺纹轴之一,两个相对的楔形元件20、20’的相互倾斜的楔形表面21、22和21’、22’将力施加在相应的接合元件30、30’的倾斜表面31、32和31’、32’上,以使接合元件升高直到顶表面34、34’的接合结构伸出腔5,由此接合相应椎骨的端板。接合元件30、30’的上升运动由特别如图24中所示的销39、39’形成的止动装置限制。凸缘17、17’也可以为楔形元件的运动提供止动装置。
工具的旋转通过一个螺纹轴传递到另一个螺纹轴和从楔形元件传递到接合元件允许精确调节接合元件的张开并且允许植入物单独适合个体患者的椎骨的端板的解剖学结构。
螺纹轴防止接合元件自身变松。接合元件30、30’可以仅仅通过使用工具向后旋转而缩回,由此由椎骨施加在接合元件上的压力将接合元件压回到植入物的腔5中。这样从椎骨的端板释放接合结构。
图19和20示出接合元件的备选实施例。接合元件300与接合元件30、30’的区别在于:它具有邻近U形凹槽36的两个相对的倾斜表面301a、301b,其倾斜度平行于接合元件300的下侧面上的倾斜表面31、32。倾斜表面301a、301b不具有接合结构。借助于该实施例的接合元件在端板的外部提供支撑,在那里提供最高骨强度。
在图10-12中示出将旋转运动从一个螺纹轴传递到另一个螺纹轴的连接机构的进一步改进。所述连接机构可以由包括彼此接合的两个小齿轮150、151的锥齿轮传动装置形成。每个小齿轮不可旋转地连接到螺纹轴11、11’。
在图13-14中示出将一个螺纹轴的旋转运动传递到另一个螺纹轴的连接机构的进一步改进实施例。它包括挠性管160,该挠性管具有类似于图1-7中所示的连接元件15的曲率和尺寸并且尺寸设计成压配合连接到螺纹轴的端部14、14’。连接元件160通过挠性材料的变形传递旋转运动。连接元件160可以例如由具有弯曲挠性但是有抗扭刚度的镍或挠性塑料材料制成。
图25a-25e示出植入物的组装步骤。在图25a所示的第一步骤中,首先,将在其上拧有相应楔形元件的第一螺纹轴插入到腔和相应轴承中。作为下一步骤,将连接元件15连接到第一螺纹轴。然后,插入第二楔形元件,第二螺纹轴通过第二孔导向并且通过第二楔形元件拧入直到它可以与连接元件的凸缘连接。然后,插入第二轴承(图25a和25b)。如图25c和25d中所示,当包括楔形元件的螺纹轴插入并且由连接元件连接时可以插入接合元件并且通过孔38、38’放置销39、39’,如图25e中所示。
尽管壁被描述成前壁、后壁和侧壁,这不应当被理解成对椎骨之间的植入物的定向的限制。植入物的形状并不限于香蕉形或肾形。例如,所述形状可以是环形或四分之一环或半环或任何其它形状。
也可以设想在两个以上的支撑元件上提供彼此围成一个角度的两个以上的楔形元件。例如可以提供彼此围成120°角的三个支撑螺纹轴和三个调节或楔形元件。
可想到其它连接机构,例如波纹管、万向接头或波顿钢缆。甚至没有机械连接,例如可以是磁连接。

Claims (16)

1.一种可张开的椎间植入物,其包括:
前壁(1),
与前壁隔开的后壁(2),和
两个侧壁(3,4),所述侧壁在它们各自的端部连接前壁(1)和后壁(2),
这些壁限定空间(5),
底面,
顶面,
至少一个接合元件(30,30’),所述接合元件具有与椎体的端板接合的接合表面(34,34’),
第一调节元件(20)和第二调节元件(20’),所述第一和第二调节元件分别由第一支撑元件(11)和第二支撑元件(11’)支撑,并且与各自的支撑元件配合,使得接合元件(30,30’)能够在第一端部位置和第二端部位置之间往复移动,在第一端部位置中接合表面(34,34’)不伸出底面或顶面,在第二端部位置中接合表面(34,34’)至少部分地向外伸出底面或顶面,
其中第一和第二支撑元件(11,11’)由连接机构(15;150,151;160)连接;
第一支撑元件(11)是可旋转的,第二支撑元件(11’)是可旋转的;以及
第一支撑元件(11)的旋转轴线和第二支撑元件(11’)的旋转轴线的夹角为不同于0度的角。
2.根据权利要求1所述的椎间植入物,其中所述连接机构(15;150,151;160)将第一支撑元件的旋转传递到第二支撑元件。
3.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述连接机构(15;150,151;160)包括一旋转接头。
4.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述连接机构包括挠性管(15;160)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的椎间植入物,其中所述连接机构包括锥齿轮传动装置、由刚性材料制成的带有弯部的管或挠性管传动装置。
6.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述第一和第二支撑元件(11,11’)形成为具有相反螺距的第一和第二螺纹轴(11,11’)。
7.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述调节元件(20,20’)是楔形元件,所述楔形元件操作以移动所述接合元件(30,30’)。
8.根据权利要求6所述的椎间植入物,其中所述第一和第二调节元件(20,20’)形成为楔形元件,第一螺纹轴(11)的一个端部(12)被可旋转地支撑在第一侧壁(3)中,第二螺纹轴(11’)的一个端部(12’)被可旋转地支撑在第二侧壁(4)中并且另一端部(14,14’)彼此可旋转地连接,并且
其中两个楔形元件被支撑在所述空间(5)内,使得当第一或第二螺纹轴沿一个方向旋转时两个楔形元件之间的距离减小,当螺纹轴沿相反方向旋转时两个楔形元件之间的距离增加,并且所述楔形元件操作以移动接合元件。
9.根据权利要求7所述的椎间植入物,其中所述接合元件(30,30’)在与所述接合表面(34,34’)相对的侧面上具有两个倾斜表面(31,32;31’,32’),并且其中所述楔形元件接合所述倾斜表面。
10.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中至少前壁(1)或后壁(2)是弯曲的。
11.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述植入物的所述壁弯曲,使得由所述壁形成的空间的轮廓基本为香蕉形的。
12.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述接合元件(30,30’)的接合表面(34,34’)包括用于穿刺到相邻骨材料中的接合结构(35)。
13.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,进一步包括限制接合元件(30,30’)的向外运动的止动装置(36,39)。
14.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,包括能够沿相反方向移动的两个接合元件(30,30’)。
15.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中第一支撑元件(11)和第二支撑元件(11’)各自支撑在所述壁(1,2,3,4)之一中。
16.根据权利要求1-2之一所述的椎间植入物,其中所述调节元件(20,20’)各自由两个壁(1,2,3,4)导向。
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