CN101144346B - 二进制密码钥匙和防撬锁闩 - Google Patents

二进制密码钥匙和防撬锁闩 Download PDF

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CN101144346B
CN101144346B CN2007101676365A CN200710167636A CN101144346B CN 101144346 B CN101144346 B CN 101144346B CN 2007101676365 A CN2007101676365 A CN 2007101676365A CN 200710167636 A CN200710167636 A CN 200710167636A CN 101144346 B CN101144346 B CN 101144346B
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key
cap
groove
sleeve pipe
lock bolt
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CN101144346A (zh
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J·H·维克斯
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Southco Inc
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Southco Inc
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B19/00Keys; Accessories therefor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B35/00Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor
    • E05B35/008Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor for simple tool-like keys
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/0025Devices for forcing the wing firmly against its seat or to initiate the opening of the wing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/04Devices for coupling the turning cylinder of a single or a double cylinder lock with the bolt operating member
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B35/00Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05CBOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C3/00Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively
    • E05C3/02Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively without latching action
    • E05C3/04Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively without latching action with operating handle or equivalent member rigid with the bolt
    • E05C3/041Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively without latching action with operating handle or equivalent member rigid with the bolt rotating about an axis perpendicular to the surface on which the fastener is mounted
    • E05C3/042Fastening devices with bolts moving pivotally or rotatively without latching action with operating handle or equivalent member rigid with the bolt rotating about an axis perpendicular to the surface on which the fastener is mounted the handle being at one side, the bolt at the other side or inside the wing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05CBOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C5/00Fastening devices with bolts moving otherwise than only rectilinearly and only pivotally or rotatively
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08Bolts
    • Y10T292/0863Sliding and rotary
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08Bolts
    • Y10T292/0863Sliding and rotary
    • Y10T292/0864Combined motion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08Bolts
    • Y10T292/0886Sliding and swinging
    • Y10T292/0887Operating means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08Bolts
    • Y10T292/0886Sliding and swinging
    • Y10T292/0887Operating means
    • Y10T292/0891Rigid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/50Special application
    • Y10T70/5093For closures
    • Y10T70/5155Door
    • Y10T70/5199Swinging door
    • Y10T70/5246Dead bolts
    • Y10T70/5296Single
    • Y10T70/5301Sliding and swinging
    • Y10T70/531Key operable only
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/50Special application
    • Y10T70/5093For closures
    • Y10T70/5155Door
    • Y10T70/5199Swinging door
    • Y10T70/5246Dead bolts
    • Y10T70/5296Single
    • Y10T70/5314Sliding and rotary
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441Key
    • Y10T70/7486Single key
    • Y10T70/7508Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7559Cylinder type
    • Y10T70/7588Rotary plug
    • Y10T70/7593Sliding tumblers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441Key
    • Y10T70/778Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791Keys
    • Y10T70/7842Single shank or stem
    • Y10T70/7847Round rigid
    • Y10T70/7853Tubular
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441Key
    • Y10T70/7915Tampering prevention or attack defeating
    • Y10T70/7921Armoring
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441Key
    • Y10T70/7915Tampering prevention or attack defeating
    • Y10T70/7932Anti-pick

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有套管的锁闩,该套管至少有一个用于阻止未经允许的工具插入而使得锁闩致动器旋转的套管凸块或者装置。仅允许其外部钥匙凹槽与套管凸块相匹配的钥匙插入。锁闩的帽组件由凸块构成,所述凸块具有与钥匙凹槽相同的尺寸并且设于使得凸块能够与该钥匙的内部凹槽相匹配的位置,从而允许该帽组件能够进入钥匙的孔道,并使得钥匙上的内部凹槽和帽组件上的凸块匹配啮合。由于帽部分可在帽组件的上端部自由转动,其中帽组件是由钥匙驱动的帽的一部分,所以在这种配置下,利用旋转帽部分的工具旋转芯轴并依次旋转棘爪都是不可能的或者至少是非常困难的。

Description

二进制密码钥匙和防撬锁闩
参考的相关申请
本申请要求申请日为2006年9月17日,名称为“二进制密码钥匙和防撬锁闩”,申请序列号为60/845,335的临时美国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钥匙及钥匙控制的锁闩致动器。
本发明尤其涉及一种具有管状芯杆的钥匙和具有容纳该管状钥匙的芯键的锁闩致动器。
本发明中的钥匙和锁闩致动器相互配合,并且能够制成多种二进制码的形式以使得特殊形式的锁闩仅能够通过一个对应锁闩致动器二进制码配置的钥匙打开。
背景技术
锁闩用来紧闭门、板或者其它构件。要求当锁闩处于非工作状态时,该锁闩能够可靠的锁紧,从而阻止未经许可的用户使用,未经许可的用户是指没有开启锁闩的钥匙或者工具的人。一旦解锁,锁闩就可开启然后就关闭。
尽管在现有技术中已有许多锁闩,但现有技术都设有讲授或提出本发明的特征或实现本发明的优点。
发明内容
本发明指的是一种能够使得两个构件紧密结合在一起的锁闩和开启该锁闩的钥匙。该锁闩可连接在其中一个构件上,例如板上。该锁闩可由使用者通过钥匙开启。在授予Bisbing的美国专利4,878,367和4,583,775中以锁闩的形式进行说明和描述在此将其说明书内容合并引用,所述钥匙和锁闩致动器可应用于所述锁闩。
在关闭构件或者门上装有锁闩,该锁闩具有支承座和用于旋转棘爪的芯轴或装置,所述棘爪可安装于该芯轴上。该棘爪可关于芯轴做旋转运动,也可以沿芯轴的纵向或轴向运动。为了将门锁在门框上,该棘爪应旋转至与门框一致的位置。本发明的一个实施例中,该棘爪随后做纵向移动以使其能与门框边缘啮合。
钥匙具有管状芯杆。该芯杆部分有一个具有内圆环面的孔道,该内圆环面在选定位置上具有预定环向宽度的凹槽。由于本发明凹槽的位置及其环向宽度随着钥匙的不同而不同,因此,每一把钥匙都与其它钥匙不同。
锁闩的致动器包括帽部,帽组件和套管。套管至少包括一个阻止钥匙插入的套管凸块或者装置,以使得只有当外部钥匙匙凹槽与该套管的凸块相匹配时才能将钥匙插入套管,从而允许钥匙的插入。帽由凸块构成,所述凸块具有与钥匙凹槽相同的尺寸并且设于使其能够与该钥匙凹槽相匹配的位置以允许该帽能够进入钥匙的孔道,从而在其中形成匹配的啮合。
在本发明的一个优选的实施例中,套管独立于帽旋转并且该帽的帽部分独立于帽组件旋转,该帽组件包括帽的剩余部分或部件。由于该帽部分可从帽组件自由旋转,所述帽组件是帽的一部分,该帽由钥匙驱动,所以在这种配置下,使用除了与锁闩致动器的帽组件相匹配的管状钥匙外的其它工具来旋转芯轴并依次旋转棘爪都是不可能的或者至少是非常困难的。
在本发明的另一个的实施例中,可独立于帽组件自由旋转的帽部分通过铆钉固定在帽组件上。
附图说明
本发明将参照相应的附图描述如下:
图1示出了本发明锁闩一个实施例的侧面图,该锁闩安装在板上并处于锁紧状态;
图2示出了图1中锁闩处于锁紧状态下的透视图;
图3示出了图1中本发明锁闩的侧面图,该锁闩安装在板上并处于开启状态;
图4示出了图1中锁闩处于开启状态下的透视图;
图5为本发明的钥匙的透视图;
图6为图7中锁闩沿线6-6切开的剖面图;
图7为图5中钥匙的侧面图;
图8为图5中钥匙的底面图;
图9为图8中一部分的局部放大图;
图10为图1中锁闩的分解图;
图11为图14中处于开启状态的锁闩的剖面图和图7中钥匙的剖面图;
图12为图14中处于锁紧状态的锁闩的剖面图和图7中钥匙的剖面图;
图13为图14中锁闩的顶面图;
图14为本发明一个实施例的锁闩的侧面图,该锁闩处于没有棘爪的开启状态;
图15为图14中锁闩的底面图;
图16为图14中锁闩支承座的顶面图;
图17为图14中锁闩支承座的侧面图;
图18为图14中锁闩支承座的底面图;
图19为图14中锁闩在图20中示出的芯轴的顶面图;
图20为图14中锁闩的芯轴的侧面图;
图21为图20中芯轴的底面图;
图22为图14中锁闩的定位环的侧面图;
图23为图14中锁闩的定位环的顶面图;
图24为图14中锁闩的套管的顶面图;
图25为图14中锁闩的套管的侧面图;
图26为图14中锁闩的O形环的顶面图;
图27为图14中锁闩的O形环的侧面图;
图28为图14中锁闩的凸轮的顶面图;
图29为图14中锁闩的凸轮的前视图;
图30为图14中锁闩的凸轮的侧面图;
图31为图14中锁闩的凸轮的底面图;
图32为图14中锁闩的管套的顶面图;
图33为图14中锁闩的管套的侧面图;
图34为图14中锁闩的管套的底面图;
图35为图14中锁闩的帽部分的顶面图;
图36为图14中锁闩的帽部分的侧面图;
图37为图14中锁闩的帽部分的底面图;
图38为图14中锁闩的帽的透视图;
图39为图14中锁闩的帽的底面图;
图40为图39中锁闩的帽沿线40-40的剖面图;
图41为图14中锁闩的帽的侧面图;
图42为图14中锁闩的帽的顶面图;
图43为图14中锁闩的帽的另一个实施例;
图44为图43中帽的顶面图;
图45为图43中帽的侧面图;
图46为图44中的帽沿线46-46的剖面图;
图47为图43中帽的透视图;
图48为图43中帽的底面图;
图49为图14中锁闩的销钉的顶面图;
图50为图14中锁闩的销钉的侧面图;
图51为图14中锁闩的弹簧的顶面图;
图52为图14中锁闩的弹簧的侧面图;
图53为本发明钥匙的另一个实施例的部分底面图;
图54为本发明套管的另一个实施例的侧面图;
图55为图54中套管的顶面图。
具体实施方式
如前述已指出的,本发明所指的是密码钥匙及锁闩致动器,现将对这些内容进行详细地说明。
参看图5-9,钥匙80有一个平手柄81和一短管状芯杆83。圆锥形部分82在平手柄81与管状芯杆部分83之间起加强作用。管状套筒83有一个具有内圆环面的孔道,该内圆环面在选定位置上具有预定环向宽度的凹槽85。在图5和图9中可清楚地看到凹槽85。凹槽85的位置和其环向宽度随着钥匙的不同而不同,优选依据二进制码来设置。因此,每一把钥匙都与其它钥匙不同。
目前把钥匙编码表示为二进制数字较为方便,单个切口或凹槽看作“0”,在其间插入的单个无槽口位置记为“1”。例如,假设管状钥匙80孔道的内圆环面被分成十二等分。假定从图9中的一个点开始计数,并且按顺时针方向进行计数。钥匙编码可表示如下:001101001101。也就是说,从假定的点开始,沿顺时针方向计数,这一把钥匙有两个凹槽,两个非凹槽,一个凹槽,一个非凹槽,两个凹槽,两个非凹槽,一个凹槽和一个非凹槽。
图12中,钥匙80的管状二进制码芯杆83可插入到环形腔13中,如此操作可与锁闩致动器的可容纳钥匙的帽组件10相啮合,该锁闩致动器也包括套管9和帽部分8。由图38-42可以看出,帽组件10配有芯键,所述芯键具有凸块15,所述凸块15具有与钥匙80的凹槽85相同的尺寸并且设置在使其能够与该钥匙80的凹槽85相匹配的位置,从而允许该帽组件10的芯键能够插入钥匙80的孔道。如图11和12,当钥匙80的管状二进制码芯杆83插入环形腔13中时,芯杆83的外圆环面进入与套管9的套管壁7滑动啮合状态。
套管9至少具有用于阻止未经许可的工具插入的套管凸块6或者装置,以使得只有当外部钥匙凹槽86与套管凸块6相匹配时,钥匙80才能够插入套管9中,从而允许钥匙80的插入。帽组件10配有芯键,所述芯键具有凸块15,所述凸块15具有与钥匙80的凹槽85相同的尺寸并且设于以使其能够与该钥匙80的凹槽85相匹配的位置,从而允许该帽组件10的芯键能够插入钥匙80的孔道,使得钥匙80上的凹槽85和芯键上的凸块15匹配啮合。在本发明的另一个实施例中,套管9可有两个或更多个如图54和55的套管凸块6以阻止除钥匙80之外的任何其它工具的插入,钥匙80具有对应于套管凸块6并允许该钥匙通过的外部钥匙凹槽86。
帽部分8可独立于帽的剩余部分或部件所组成的帽组件10旋转。本发明的优选实施例中,套管9独立于帽部分8和帽组件10旋转。由于帽部分8可从帽组件10自由旋转,所述帽组件10是帽的一部分,该帽由钥匙80驱动,所以在这种配置下,使用除了与锁闩致动器的帽组件10上的芯键相匹配的管状钥匙80外的任何工具来旋转该芯轴50并依次旋转棘爪70都是不可能的或者至少是非常困难的。
图1-4示例了一种运用了新二进制密码钥匙和防撬锁闩致动器的锁闩,这是由于本发明并不局限于图1和2所示的特殊的锁闩。
示出的锁闩用单个横向销钉60固定于支承它的芯轴50之上,该芯轴50装有棘爪70。单个横向销钉60可同时起到凸轮随动件和运动控制销钉的作用。凸轮槽25用于接纳横向销钉60的每一个端部。两组交叉的运动控制槽,即轴向槽41和环向槽42设置在管套40上。当横向销钉60位于轴向运动控制槽42中时,棘爪70仅可能做轴向运动。当横向销钉60位于横向运动控制槽41或凹槽中时,棘爪70仅可能做环向运动。这种结构配置使得锁闩1在一单独连续的旋转运动中,横向销钉60从一个运动控制槽41转移到另一个,从而实现开锁时锁闩棘爪70依次做轴向运动和环向运动,以及实现锁紧时锁闩棘爪70依次作环向运动和轴向运动。然而,锁闩结构形式的改变可能会使得上述顺次步骤颠倒。
本发明锁闩的主要组件有驱动插头或帽组件10,套管9,支撑座30,可旋转的有槽的套状凸轮20,固定的有槽的运动控制管套40,芯轴50,以及锁闩棘爪70。芯轴50携有横向销钉60,该销钉60可同时起到凸轮随动件和运动控制销钉的作用。
由图11和12可以看出,图示的帽组件10可有与钥匙80上的内凹槽85相匹配的凸块15。从图12可以看出,帽组件10上具有一个用于容纳芯轴50外端的圆柱形的孔道18。帽组件10可在支撑座30内旋转。定位环14阻止套管9在芯轴50内的轴向运动,该定位环14被收纳于套管9和支撑座30内预定位置处的沟槽13之中。O形环5安装在帽组件10的沟槽19中以阻止潮气和尘埃的进入。
从图10可以看出,帽组件10的内端部设置了一对用于容纳耳件21的凹口16,耳件21从一个管套状的凸轮20轴向的向外突出。因此,当帽组件10随钥匙80旋转时,该管套状的凸轮20也随之旋转。
该管套状的凸轮20配有一对在圆周方向间隔180度的凸轮插槽25,每一个凸轮插槽25都可在环向和轴向部件的方向上移动。
在芯轴50和一个固定的运动控制管套40之间同轴的位置上装有管套状的凸轮20,该管套40有一对轴向的槽41和一对环向的槽42。每一对中的插槽都间隔180度。每一个轴向槽41的内端部都与一个环向槽42的一端相连。运动控制管套40相对于支撑座30的旋转运动被一对耳件44所阻止,该耳件44在支撑座30上的内端部32上向内轴向突出进入凹槽45。
支撑座30通常是一个中空圆柱形构件,安装于柜门2上的矩形或正方形的切口部分3中,同时管套部件131通过门2的洞或者开口向内伸入。支撑座30的内端部32是关闭的,除非芯轴50穿过中心孔。固定的运动控制管套40的内端部和可旋转的管套状的凸轮20紧靠于支撑座30的端部32。
每对固定在运动控制管套40内的各轴向和环向槽41和42分别起轴向运动控制槽和横向运动控制槽的作用。下面将描述这些运动控制槽依次,按一种次序或另一种次序,来容纳横向销钉60的相对端部。
芯轴50为长条形轴,其外端部或头端部容纳于帽组件10的内腔或孔道18中。芯轴50向内伸入穿过支撑座30上的内端部32中的孔,另外,如此支撑芯轴50使得芯轴50的轴心与运动控制管套40和凸轮20的轴心相重合。芯轴50的内端部54呈螺纹状,用于在其上固定锁闩棘爪70,棘爪70在芯轴50上的位置通过一对螺母71来固定并可沿轴向调整。
运动控制管套40和凸轮20之间的相对位置可以颠倒。也就是说,运动控制管套40可径向地环绕在凸轮20外部而非图中所示的内部。
固定在芯轴50上的横向销钉60在芯轴的两个方向上都横向突出。横向销钉60既可作为凸轮的随动件,又可作为运动控制销钉。
芯轴50的外端部配有一个中心孔道61,其内设置有螺旋的压缩弹簧62。该压缩弹簧62的外端部挤压帽10。因此,压缩弹簧62朝开启位置向内偏压芯轴50。该偏压荷载将横向销钉60的端部保持与凸轮槽口25的内壁22紧密接触。偏压弹簧62是合乎需要的但非必要的,因为即使是没有弹簧62,横向销钉60的端部也能随动凸轮槽口25。然而,凸轮凹槽25的宽度比横向销钉60的直径稍大,并且相应地,偏压弹簧62就能有效的保持横向销钉60分别紧靠于轴向和环向槽41和42的内壁上。不管是否跟随帽组件10的旋转,横向销钉60控制芯轴50并且棘爪70仅做轴向移动或仅做转动。这由销钉60的相对两端是位于轴向运动控制槽41中还是位于横向运动控制槽42中来决定。
具体实施方式
图11和12中能清楚的看出,当帽组件10随钥匙80旋转时,由于凸轮耳件21插入到帽组件10上的凹口16中,管套状的凸轮20也将随之旋转。当凸轮20旋转时,横向销钉60随之移动,但该运动究竟是轴向的还是横向的则取决于销钉60的端部究竟是在运动控制管套40的轴向凹槽还是横向凹槽内。
图12中锁闩处于完全锁紧状态,其棘爪70与撞针或者柜子框架(未示出)对准并啮合。当处于锁紧状态时,帽组件10处在完全关闭的位置,并且横向销钉60的两个相对端部突出穿过运动控制管套40上的轴向槽41并插入到凸轮凹槽25的封闭的最外端。
为了将门2从柜子框架4上开启,帽组件10会如图1、2所示沿逆时针方向转动。该过程完成时,帽组件10和凸轮20作为一个整体旋转。横向销钉60无法旋转运动因为它的相对端部位于固定的运动控制管套40上与直径相对的轴向槽41内。因此,当凸轮20逆时针旋转至图4中示出的位置时,偏压弹簧62的压力使得横向销钉60的相对端部随动于相对的凸块凹槽25上的内壁22,同时,横向销钉60也因此与芯轴50和锁闩棘爪70一起向内沿开锁方向运动直到销钉60的端部到达横向槽42。
在帽组件10和凸轮20作为一个整体旋转后,横向销钉60完成向内轴向移动,并对准进入相对的横向槽42内。横向销钉60的相对端部移入相对的横向环状槽42中时,此时帽组件10和凸轮20的进一步旋转会促使横向销钉60,芯轴50和棘爪70的旋转运动。棘爪70以这种方式移动出与框架构件4相对齐的位置,并在进一步旋转后,门2被完全开启,如图4所示。
锁紧运作与上述开启运作是完全相反的过程。在锁紧运作中,由于帽组件10作顺时针转动,横向销钉60的相对端部在横向环形槽42中横向运动,同时芯轴50围绕其轴线转动。然后横向销钉60转变为轴向向外。凸轮凹槽25的凸轮壁22促动这些连续的运动,它推动横向销钉60的端部沿横向或环向方向穿过横向的运动控制环向槽42,直至横向销钉60的端部与轴向运动控制槽41的边缘相邻接。此后,凸轮凹槽25的凸轮壁22推动横向销钉60的端部轴向的向外穿过轴向槽41。因此,为了沿锁紧方向以连续动作转动帽组件10,凸轮20和运动控制凹槽,即轴向槽41和环向槽42促使转向运动和轴向运动依次进行。
由图1-4可以看出,支承座30在门2的外表面上有一个环形的部件138。管套部件131通过门上的孔向内伸入,其外表面上车有螺纹,并且螺母156在管套部件131上旋转直至螺母156紧贴在门2的内表面上。锁紧垫圈157可根据需要用于螺母和56与门2之间。通过这种方式,锁闩1得以牢固地安装于门2之上。前面已经描述了新型的锁闩如何安装在可移动门2之上。这是优选的定位方式。然而,一个包含本发明基本思想的锁闩可以装配在固定的柜子上而非门上。在这种情况下,芯轴和锁闩棘爪会环向移动以与安装在门内部的定位件相啮合,然后轴向向内移动以将门牵引至紧闭状态。当锁闩固定于门之上时,这种反向的轴向运动可将门牢固地关闭。
图43-48示出本发明的另一个实施例,阐述了一种包括凸肩铆钉182的两块的帽组件,如图46所示,凸肩铆钉182插入到帽环183之中并在端部展开。在凸肩铆钉182的端部展开后,帽环183仍然可以随帽基座184自由旋转。
锁闩以及所有外围部件可以是高强度、高韧性不锈钢材料以保证其防撬性。
在不脱离本发明的范围和主旨的情况下锁闩的各种改进对本领域技术人员而言都是显而易见的,这就意味着本发明涵盖了在所附的权利要求及其等效观点范围内的所有锁闩的改进和变化。

Claims (4)

1.一种二进制密码钥匙和与其匹配的锁闩致动器的组合装置,其包括:
(a)钥匙,包括一个具有内部孔道的管状芯杆,所述管状芯杆在其内圆周壁的预定位置上具有预定数量的径向凹槽;
(b)可旋转的锁闩致动器,该致动器包括一个帽组件,所述帽组件有芯键构件,该芯键构件具有从那里突出的径向芯键凸块,所述芯键凸块的尺寸和设置位置都与所述管状芯杆内壁上的凹槽相一致,从而允许所述芯键构件能够插入到所述钥匙上所述管状芯杆的孔道之中,并且随着钥匙的转动,所述帽组件旋转致动锁闩致动器;
(c)所述可旋转的锁闩致动器还包括一个帽部分,所述帽部分与所述芯键构件相啮合,在此所述帽部分能被所述钥匙的所述管状芯杆的孔道所容纳,并且所述帽部分能独立于所述帽组件而旋转;
(d)所述管状芯杆的内圆周壁的表面看作沿周向划分成预定数量的等份,每等份对应于二进制码中的“0”或“1”来表示该等份是凹槽还是非凹槽;以及
(e)所述芯杆上凹槽的数量和位置与所述二进制码相一致。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合装置,其特征在于:
(a)所述芯杆在其外圆周壁上至少具有一个外部钥匙凹槽;
(b)所述可旋转的锁闩致动器进一步包括套管,所述套管包括一个套管孔道,该处形成一个套管环形内表面,该环形内表面至少有一个从那里突出的径向套管凸块,所述的至少一个套管凸块的尺寸和设置位置与位于所述管状芯杆的外圆周壁上的所述至少一个外部钥匙凹槽相对应,以允许所述钥匙能够插入到所述套管的套管孔道中。
3.如权利要求2所述的的组合装置,其特征在于,所述帽部分包括:
(a)一个帽环,其中心处设有一个通孔;和
(b)一个凸肩铆钉,所述凸肩铆钉穿过所述帽环的通孔并插入到所述帽组件的芯键构件中。
4.一种如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的组合装置中的可旋转的锁闩致动器。 
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KR20080025352A (ko) 2008-03-20
US7441427B2 (en) 2008-10-28
CN101144346A (zh) 2008-03-19
DE102007044088A1 (de) 2008-03-27
GB2441891B (en) 2008-09-24
DE102007044088B4 (de) 2018-11-15
DE102007044088B9 (de) 2019-01-10
US20080105014A1 (en) 2008-05-08
GB2441891A (en) 2008-03-19
GB0718046D0 (en) 2007-10-24

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