US2252966A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 19, 1941.

E. FOGELS'QN 2,252,966 7 LOCK Filed June 15, 1938 f7?! v F242 INVENTOR.

, g fmi/e fqe/san ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 19, 1941 {UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK Emile Fogelson, New York, N. Y.

Application June 15, 1938, Serial No. 213,760

Claims.

The purpose of this invention is to provide improvements in looks of the pin tumbler type which makes it practically impossible to pick locks of this type which also makes it possible to reduce the length of the lock; or means adapted to be used in combination with locks for making picking more difficult.

The invention is a lock of the type having pins adapted to be set to operative positions by keys, in which the pins are divided into sections, and in which the plug in which the key is inserted is surrounded by a sleeve or sleeves, and the movement of the plug and sleeves is controlled by the relative positions of the pins, and, the movements of the plug and sleeves are also independently controlled by projections from one member extending into slots in another, and in which each projection and slot permits partial rotation of the respective parts. In the structure shown, the movement of the outer sleeve is restricted to a certain number of degrees, the movement of the inner sleeve to a similar number of degrees, although, when moving in combination with the outer sleeve, the movement of the inner sleeve is twice that of the outer sleeve, and the movement of the plug in relation to the inner sleeve is also limited to a certain number of degrees, but the movement of the plug in combination with the movement of the sleeves provides a complete revolution or 360", and, therefore, to obtain opening of the lock, the individual sections of the pins must register with the intersections of the plug and sleeves.

Tumbler, pin or ball locks, in which a key sets the locking means to register or not to register, are limited in the possibility of large numbers of combinations, and, where the pins are divided into sections, they can be set in registering position by a master key so that one may pick the lock more readily by setting all of the pins in either the regular or master key positions; however, with the present lock it is not only necessary to set all of the pins to register at one plane, but so that there is a registration also at all of the planes, to permit a complete revolution of the plug. This complete revolution of the plug is possible only when each of the sleeves turns a fractional part of a revolution. It is also possible to provide a sequence or series of movements on locks now in use by adding an intermediate unit between the plug and roll back or bolt, in which the same plug is turned through an additional revolution, or through two additional revolutions as may be desired, before the bolt is moved,

The object of this invention is, therefore, to provide additional movements in looks of the pin tumbler type which makes it more difficult to set the pins to open the lock without a key.

Anotherob-ject is to provide improvements in a lock of, the type having pins in combination with inner rotating sleeves, in which means is provided for permitting a partial turning of the plug without setting the pins to the opening po- S1 lOIl.

Another object is to provide means in a lock of the pin tumbler type for permitting several movements of the plug of key housing which prevent a complete opening movement unless all of the pins are set to the correct position for opening the lock.

A further object is to provide means in a lock of the pin tumbler type which makes it possible to reduce the length of the lock and of a key therefor.

And a still further object is to provide a lock of the pin tumbler type, in which it is substantially impossible to set the operating parts to the lock opening position without the proper key,.which is of a simple and economical con struction.

With these ends in view the invention embodies a lock of the cylinder type having a cylinder, plug, and pins, with intermediate sleeves and means engaging and moving said sleeves when released by divisional parts of the pins, through several movements, and with the complete movement preferably completing 360, or a complete revolution. The invention also involves the use of similar sleeves,or other suitable means, in combination with the roll-back of substantially any lock of this type, whereby the independent members are picked up and operated in sequence in order to open the lock.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a View showing a cross section through a simple form of a lock of this type with the proper key inserted for locking and unlocking purposes.

Figure 2 is a view looking toward the back of the lock with the roll back omitted.

Figure 3 is a similar view with the parts turnedthrough a complete revolution, and with portions of the different parts shown in section.

Figure 4 is a View looking toward the back of a device which is adapted to be attached to any lock of the pin tumbler type.

Figure 5 is a cross section through the parts shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a detail showing an alternate design in which the rings shown in Figures 4 and. 5 are positioned upon a central stem.

Figure '7 is a cross section through the device shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view also similar to that shown in Figure 4, showing another alternate design in which the rotating movements are controlled by a traveling member moving in a screw thread.

Figure 9 is a cross section through the device shown in Figure 8.

In the drawing the lock is shown as .it may be made, wherein numeral I indicates the case or cylinder, numeral 2, an outer sleeve, numeral 3, an inner sleeve, and numeral 4, the plug.

The case or cylinder I may be of any type or design, may be of any size, and may have any number of pins or the like for arresting and releasing the movement of the plug and sleeves.

In the design shown, the plug and sleeves are eccentrically positioned in the casing, as shown in Figure 2, and the plug is provided with a key slot 5 in which a key 6 may be inserted, and the inner end is connected to a bar 1 through a backplate 8, and the parts are arranged so that, with the proper key, pins 9 and I!) will assume positions to permit the plug to rotate through a certain number of degrees, and then the plug, through a lug II on the plug and taking in a slot i2 of the inner sleeve 3, will pick up the sleeve 3 and move it through a certain number of degrees, at which time a lug l3 on the sleeve 3, and operating in a slot l4 of the sleeve 2, will pick up the sleeve 2 and cause it to rotate through a certain number of degrees. In the design shown, the degrees of each movement of each of the respective parts is 120, making a total of 360, and, at this time, the key and plug have made a complete revolution which operates or releases the lock bolt. The movement of the outer sleeve 2 is limited by a pin l5 shown in Figure l, and in dotted lines in Figure .2, and it will be noted that the pin is provided with a head It that extends into a slot ll of the outer sleeve 2, the said slot extending from the point 18 to the point l9, both of which are indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2. It will be understood, however, that any means may be provided on the plug and sleeves for causing the respective parts to pick up and move the other parts, or to limit their movements.

The pin tumblers 9 and I0 formed of a plurality of pins and disks as shown in Fig. 1 are slidably held in openings 2|] and 2| extending through the plug, sleeves, and into the casing, and these openings are provided with shoulders 22 and 23 limiting the upward movement of the pins, preventing them being moved out of engagement with the sleeves, and, at the same time, preventing undue strain on springs 24 and 25 by which the pins are held downward. The pins 9 and ID are divided into a plurality of sections, and the parts 26 and 21 of the key 6 may be shaped to hold the pins, so that these sections of the pins register with the intersection of the plug, sleeves and casing, and it will be noted that, although one may determine the positions of the pins for permitting some of the movements or a partial revolution of the plug or sleeves, and think they have set the pins to the proper position, this position may only permit the plug to turn 120 aloneor with one or bothsleeves', or the plug and one of the sleeves to turn 24.0", and,

as that would be insufiicient to open the lock, it would be necessary to return the parts to the original position in order to set the pins to another position, so that, with this plurality of registering parts, it may be considered impossible to place all of the pins in such a position that all the parts would register with the intersections of the plug and sleeves.

A somewhat similar series of movements may also be applied to substantially any lock by use of the different parts shown in Figures 4. to 9, in which an outer case 28 may be attached to the rear end of the plug of the lock, and, when this is rotated through a complete revolution, a pin 29, extending inward therefrom, will engage and rotate an inner sleeve 30, and then, as this is turned through another revolution, a pin 3|, extending inward from said inner sleeve, will engage a pin 32 on a disc 33 and cause the disc to rotate, which, in turn, will rotate the bar 34 which will operate the lock bolt to open the lock. In the modification shown in Figures 6 and 7, the same movement is accomplished by a stud 35 which may be attached to the plug of the lock, and this is provided with a pin 36 that operates a sleeve 31, and the sleeve is provided with a pin 38 that operates another sleeve 39, and it will be noted that, as the plug is rotated through one revolution, the sleeve 31 will remain stationary, and, during the second revolution, it will "cause the sleeve 31 to rotate through one revolution, and then, as it is rotated through another revolution, it will rotate the sleeve 39, thereby providing a sequence of movements before the lock may be opened.

In themodification shown in Figures 8 and 9, the lock bolt operating bar 48 is of a rectangular shape, and this extends into a similarly shaped opening 4| in a disc 42 that may be attached to the lock plug, and slidably mounted on the bar as is a follower 43 having a projection 44 extending into a spiral groove or thread 45 of an outer bolt operating case 46, and it will be noted that any number of grooves or threads may be provided to cause any number of revolutions before the f0llower"43 engages a set collar 4'! and causes the roll back or part 46 to rotate to operate the lock bolt. It will be. appreciated, therefore, that any number of devices may be provided in combination with a lock of this type for providing a sequence of movements through which a lock bolt may be operated, thereby making it substantially impossible to pick a lock of this type. V I

It will also be understood that parts 43 and dd may be in the form of a screw, and, with this turning in a thread in combination with a nut, any desired movement or number of turns may be obtained.

It will beund'erstood that other changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. One of which changes may be in the use of a greater or lesser number of the sleeves 2 and 3, or of the pins 9 and H).

The construction will be readily understood from the foregoing description. In use the device may be provided as, shown and described, and, with the case mounted in a door or any suitable object, and the bar 'I connected to a lock bolt by any means, the key maybe inserted in the plug, and, when the proper key is used, it may be turned through a complete revolution with the sleeves and plug turning together, and with the outer sleeve stopping after turning and the inner sleeve stopping after turning 240", or the plug may first be rotated through an angle of 120, at which time it will pick up the inner sleeve 3 and rotate this sleeve through another 120, and, at this time, the inner sleeve will pick up the outer sleeve and rotate it through another 120, making a complete revolution, at which time the lock will open. It will be understood, however, that any number of similar movements may be provided in this type of lock, and the number of degrees may be varied at will, and also the exact point at which one operating part picks up another may be changed as desired. It will be i noted that master keys may be used in combination with locks of this type, and, in fact, several master keys may be provided, each of which will set one or more tumbler pins to different positions for opening the lock.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a lock of the cylinder type having tumbler pins, a plug and a bolt operating bar and, 2. cylinder; an intermediate sleeve through which said pins pass and means other than said tumbler pins whereby said plug causes said intermediate sleeve to rotate during an opening and closing movement of the plug through a fractional part of the movement of said plug.

2. A look as described in claim 1, a plurality of additional intermediate sleeves and means other than the tumbler pins whereby the rotation of the plug causes each sleeve successively to rotate during an opening and closing movement of the plug through a fractional part of the movement of said plug.

3. In a look as described in claim 1, a plurality of sleeves and a plug and means other than the tumbler pins causing the rotation of said sleeves so that the rotation of the plug is the sum of the rotations of the plug with respect to the adjacent sleeve and. the relative rotations of the sleeves with respect to one another and the rotation of the sleeve adjacent to the housing with respect to said housing.

4. A lock, as described in claim 1, in which the pins are held in respective openings in the cylinder, and the openings are provided with shoulders intermediate of their lengths restricting the upward movement of the pins.

5. In a'lock as described in claim 1, means other than the tumbler pins by which the plug rotates said sleeve, so that the rotation of the plug is the sum of the degree of rotation of the plug with respect to the sleeve and the degree of rotation of the sleeve with respect to the stationary housing.

EMHIE FOGELSON.

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