CN101113425A - Method for producing microorganism protein fodder by sunflower disc solid fermentation - Google Patents
Method for producing microorganism protein fodder by sunflower disc solid fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101113425A CN101113425A CNA2007101303139A CN200710130313A CN101113425A CN 101113425 A CN101113425 A CN 101113425A CN A2007101303139 A CNA2007101303139 A CN A2007101303139A CN 200710130313 A CN200710130313 A CN 200710130313A CN 101113425 A CN101113425 A CN 101113425A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing microbe protein feed by solid fermentation of microbe, in particular to a production technique for transforming the microbe protein feed with sunflower discs after solid fermentation of microbe multi-strains. The sunflower discs are transformed into high-quality microbe protein feed through solid fermentation of beneficial microbe, which not only takes full use of the abundant waste resource of the sunflower discs so as to provide a novel, high-quality, cheap biological protein feed for animal husbandry, but also solves the environment pollution caused by decay of the sunflower discs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing solid fermentation to produce microbial protein feeding stuff, especially a kind of floral disc of sunflower into that utilizes changes into the production technique of microbial protein feeding stuff behind many bacterial classifications of beneficial microorganism solid fermentation.
Background technology
" floral disc of sunflower into " is meant that the ratio of its nutritive ingredient is as follows with the floral disc of sunflower into after the seed removal among the present invention:
The main component ratio of floral disc of sunflower into
| Kind | Unit | Detected value |
| Crude protein | ％ | 8.31 |
| Crude fat | ％ | 2.68 |
| Robust fibre | ％ | 12.40 |
| Ash content | ％ | 11.92 |
| Moisture | ％ | 8.62 |
Nutritive ingredient in the floral disc of sunflower into is because of kind, the place of production according to the study, and harvest time is different and differ greatly.There is the gross protein value in the document announcement floral disc of sunflower into to have 8～15% not wait.Compare with alfalfa hay, though crude protein content is low slightly, the content of crude fat, nitrogen-free extract is higher than alfalfa hay, and coarse-fibred content is lower than alfalfa hay, the content of coarse ash and calcium, phosphorus is similar to alfalfa hay, and its nutritive value obviously is better than green hay, corn stalk, Wheat Straw etc.Contained fragrant fructose can promote the livestock and poultry appetite stimulator in the floral disc.Sunflower Receptacle is the annual herb plant of composite family Helianthus, mainly is distributed in the not high arid soil climatic zone of some productivity and alkaline earth and areas such as over-wet soil ground, peatlands.Have characteristics such as drought resisting, salt tolerant alkali, impoverishment tolerant.The Inner Mongol is the main plantation area of China Sunflower Receptacle.85.30 ten thousand tons on Sunflower Receptacle is produced in 1000～1,500 ten thousand mu of plantations in 2005, accounts for 30% and 18.22% of total cultivated area in the whole nation and ultimate production respectively, and no matter cultivated area and output all rank first in the country.Receptaculum Helianthi output is about as much as 40% of the yield of kernels according to the study, and by this reckoning, only the Inner Mongol in 2005 just produces 34.12 ten thousand tons of Receptaculum Helianthi.The processing mode of these floral disc of sunflower into has:
(1) behind the results sunflower seed, floral disc discarded or burns when fuel;
(2) with floral disc of sunflower into as rubbish or also the field handle;
(3) a small amount of floral disc of sunflower into is used to extract pectin, and food fiber is made gac;
(4) a small amount of floral disc of sunflower into is used for making up a prescription of traditional Chinese medical science prescription;
(5) a small amount of floral disc of sunflower into directly joins and feeds pig, ox, sheep in the daily ration.
First and second kind mode proportion is approximately more than 90%, causes the waste of resource and the pollution of environment.Third and fourth kind mode consumption is atomic, and the 5th kind of mode is because Receptaculum Helianthi has the most of animal food refusals of strong taste of traditional Chinese medicine.
In recent years, the raising of people's living standard and to the attention of quality of life, increasing to the needs of meat, egg, milk, the protein feed that it is essential that Developing of Animal Industry makes domestic animal more and more lacks.Adjustment along with China's structure of agricultural production; aquaculture is to mass-producing, industrialized development; breeding way is also by serving as main to develop to intensive culture to raise scattered; demand to cattle food is more and more big; because relevant feedstuff raw material price constantly raises up; feeding cost improves constantly, and has become the important factor that restricts China's livestock breeding industry development and influence Agricultural Economic Growth.Secondly, China has the fodder industry product now, it mainly is preparation forage with low content of technology, that feed conversion rate is lower, because such feed cost height, have more chemical additive composition, the pasture meat is relatively poor, and product is a little less than competitiveness in the international market, internal price and production cost are very nearly the same, have influenced the sustainable development of China's livestock industry greatly.Utilize microbial engineering, lower agricultural byproducts and the waste thereof of conversion nutritive value that can ferment becomes full nutrition, high feed conversion rate, and no chemical additive can strengthen the anti pathologic immunity power of livestock, improves the microbial protein feeding stuff of livestock product quality.Therefore, the novel biological protein feed source of exploitation super quality and competitive price is directions of China's fodder industry future development.
China is annual to produce about 1,000,000 tons of floral disc of sunflower into, because the floral disc of sunflower into protein content is lower, mainly is the robust fibre composition, and denseer Chinese medicine smell is arranged that the livestock food refusal must add during use and join other a large amount of compositions, so consumption seldom.The overwhelming majority is the direct returning to farmland or the usefulness that acts as a fuel still, had both caused the pollution of environment, has wasted resource again.The present invention can pass through microbial fermentation effectively and transform Receptaculum Helianthi production biological protein feedstuff, and reasonable, efficent use of resources reduce the pollution of environment, develops the biological protein feedstuff source that makes new advances for livestock industry.Because biologically active substances such as each seed amino acid that microorganism itself produced, enzyme, VITAMIN, microbiotic can promote growing of livestock, strengthen the anti pathologic immunity ability of livestock, reduce sickness rate, reduce the drug use amount, improve the quality and the output of livestock product greatly, for developing eco-agriculture, the realization livestock product are innoxious, impel that livestock industry is efficient, high added value, height are earned foreign exchange development, the economic benefit and the social benefit that improve agriculture production, livestock industry production have crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of method of utilizing microbial solid fermentation to produce biological protein feedstuff, and especially a kind of floral disc of sunflower into that utilizes changes into the production technique of microbial protein feeding stuff behind many bacterial classifications of microorganism solid fermentation.The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
(1) owing to Sunflower Receptacle kind, the place of production and collecting period difference, the carbon-nitrogen ratio difference of floral disc is very big, and it is 30: 1 by adding organic or inorganic nitrogenous source adjustment raw material C/N that floral disc of sunflower into is pulverized the back, promptly can be used as fermentation raw material after water content is adjusted into 40%～60%.The C/N conditioning agent can be one or more in the organic and inorganic nitrogenous substancess such as urea, ammoniacal liquor, ammonium nitrate or dregs of beans, the vegetable seeds dregs of rice, cottonseed meal.
(2) system fermentation mix bacterium agent, described mix bacterium agent contains aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Candida utilis bacterium (Candida utilis), lactobacillus delbruckii (Lactobacillus delbrueckii), its volume proportion is 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5, and wherein viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/g.
Required aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium are cultivated through test tube respectively, and different bacterial classifications adopts corresponding substratum, 25～35 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～72 hours;
Aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, the Candida utilis bacterium cultivated through test tube change the 1000ml shake-flask culture respectively over to, and culture temperature is 25～35 ℃, and rotating speed is 180-220 rev/min, incubation time 24-48 hour;
Then, will through the aspergillus niger of shake-flask culture, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium respectively by volume 5～10% inoculum sizes of per-cent insert seed tank culture respectively, culture temperature 25-35 ℃, incubation time 24-48 hour;
Through after the seed tank culture, the 5-10% of aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium difference per-cent by volume, change the aerobic cultivation of fermentor tank respectively over to, culture temperature 25-35 ℃, incubation time 24-72 hour, each jar difference microscopy after fermentor cultivation is finished, fermented liquid thalline number reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/ml, be bacteria suspension;
Lactobacillus delbruckii is that the static anaerobism of liquid is cultivated, progressively classification enlarged culturing, and 40～60 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours, viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as bacteria suspension during ml.
Aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, lactobacillus delbruckii bacteria suspension are mixed with the volume ratio of 0.5-5: 0.5-5: 0.5-5: 0.5-5: 0.5-5, insert the sterilization bran mass and cultivate after 24-72 hour for 25-35 ℃, the microscopy viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as the solid mix bacterium agent during g.
(3) will cultivate 1～10% inoculum size that sophisticated solid mix bacterium agent is pressed floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material weight, in the raw material of access, the secondary fermentation 24～72 hours that stirs, leavening temperature is 25～35 ℃; When the temperature of fermenting mixture rises to 40～45 ℃, and bigger sour-sweet fruit fragrance flavor is arranged, material contains probiotics (being mainly subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, lactobacillus delbruckii) and reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/g time fermentation finishes.
(4) make its water content less than 13% with the drying machine drying material that ferments.
(5) to send into the shaper extrusion molding be required particle shape for material that drying is good, promptly becomes a microbial proteinous material feed.
The present invention also can adopt the method for ensiling, the solid mix bacterium agent is pressed 1～10% inoculum size access good carbon-nitrogen ratio of adjusted of floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material weight and the floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material of moisture, after stirring, put into the ensiling pond, compacting, after adopting the method for conventional ensiling to carry out anaerobically fermenting 20-30 days, the livestock of can directly feeding.Can prolonged preservation or the granulation of dry back with this method fermentation materials.
The used bacterial classification of the present invention all is known bacterial classification, can obtain by known screening, commercial means or other approach.
Each used substratum all is the conventional substratum of the described microorganism of known suitable cultivation in the cultural methods such as test tube cultivation of the present invention, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture, enlarged culturing.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. above treatment process is applicable to that promptly all remove fresh or exsiccant floral disc of sunflower into behind sunflower seeds.
2. adopt modern advanced strain improvement technology, seed selection can efficiently transform all kinds of production bacterial classifications that floral disc of sunflower into becomes microbial protein feeding stuff, guaranteed to produce the high quality of bacterial classification.
3. the microbial protein feeding stuff produced of the present invention contains probiotics (being mainly subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, lactobacillus delbruckii) and reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/g, there is not any chemical additive composition, have the natural fruit fermenting aroma, protein content reaches about 20%, and contains multiple amino acids, VITAMIN and trace element, and the livestock palatability is strong, is a kind of nutrition microbial protein feeding stuff of super quality and competitive price
Embodiment
Example 1:
20 tons of the fresh floral disc of sunflower into of fermentative processing, its main component is: carbohydrate is about 20%, pectin 2～4%, robust fibre 12.4%, crude fat 2.68%, crude protein 8.31%, water content 40-60%.
Method for making:
(1) floral disc of sunflower into is pulverized, it is 30: 1 that the urea of adding 1-5% is adjusted its C/N, and water content is 40%～60%, promptly can be used as fermentation raw material.
(2) fermentation mix bacterium agent preparation: aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterial classification (commercially available) are carried out test tube cultivate, different bacterial classifications adopts corresponding substratum, 25～35 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～72 hours; Insert 1000ml then respectively and shake bottle, 25～35 ℃ of temperature, 200 rev/mins of speed, cultivate after 24-48 hour, by volume the 5-10% of per-cent inserts seeding tank, aeration-agitation respectively, 25～35 ℃ of temperature, cultivated 24-48 hour, distinguishing by volume then, the 5-10% of per-cent inserts fermentor tank, aeration-agitation, 25～35 ℃ of temperature, cultivated 24-72 hour, microscopy, fermented liquid contain viable count and reach 10
8～10
10Individual/ml, be ripe bacteria suspension;
Lactobacillus delbruckii is that the static anaerobism of liquid is cultivated, progressively classification enlarged culturing, and 40～60 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours, viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as ripe bacteria suspension during ml.
Aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, the ripe bacteria suspension of lactobacillus delbruckii were pressed 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio mixes, insert the sterilization bran mass by inoculum size 5-10%, cultivated 24-48 hour for 25-35 ℃, the microscopy viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as the solid mix bacterium agent during g.
(3) by weight 1～10% inoculum size inserts the solid mix bacterium agent in the floral disc of sunflower into fermentation materials, stirs 25～35 ℃ of fermentations of temperature 24～72 hours.When the temperature of fermenting mixture rises to 40～45 ℃, and bigger sour-sweet fruit fragrance flavor is arranged, material contains probiotics (being mainly subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, lactobacillus delbruckii) and reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/g time fermentation finishes.
After C, fermentation are finished, floral disc of sunflower into fermented product water content is 25～45%, below the dry moisture content to 13% of drying machine, be that available single-lead-screw extruding briquetting machine is required shape, size particles with the extrusion molding of floral disc of sunflower into fermented product, through weighing, packing, promptly become the floral disc of sunflower into microbial protein feeding stuff.
(4) moisture of floral disc of sunflower into organism of fermentation protein fodder is＜13%, useful viable count: 10
8～10
10Individual/g, in dry-matter: crude protein content 20%, crude fiber content 16%, ash 4%.
Embodiment 2
20 tons of the fresh floral disc of sunflower into of fermentative processing, its main component is: carbohydrate is about 20%, pectin 2～4%, robust fibre 12.4%, crude fat 2.68%, crude protein 8.31%, water content 40-60%.
Method for making:
(1), floral disc of sunflower into is pulverized, adding 1.5% urea, to adjust its C/N be 30: 1, and water content is 50%, promptly can be used as fermentation raw material.
(2) fermentation mix bacterium agent preparation: aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterial classification (commercially available) are carried out test tube cultivate, different bacterial classifications adopts corresponding substratum, 25～35 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～72 hours; Insert 1000ml then respectively and shake bottle, 25～35 ℃ of temperature, 200 rev/mins of speed, cultivate after 24-48 hour, by volume the 5-10% of per-cent inserts seeding tank, aeration-agitation, 25～35 ℃ of temperature respectively, cultivated 24-48 hour, distinguishing by volume then, the 5-10% of per-cent inserts fermentor tank, aeration-agitation, 25～35 ℃ of temperature, cultivated 24-72 hour, the microscopy fermented liquid contains viable count and reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/ml, be ripe bacteria suspension;
Lactobacillus delbruckii is that the static anaerobism of liquid is cultivated, progressively classification enlarged culturing, and 40～60 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours, viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as ripe bacteria suspension during ml.
Aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium, the ripe bacteria suspension of lactobacillus delbruckii were pressed 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 volume ratio mixes, insert the sterilization bran mass by inoculum size 5-10%, cultivated 24-48 hour for 25-35 ℃, the microscopy viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to can be used as the solid mix bacterium agent during g.
(3) adjusting water content after floral disc of sunflower into is pulverized is 50%, the urea of adding 1.5% is adjusted into 30: 1 with carbon-nitrogen ratio, 2% inoculum size of pressing weight of material inserts mix bacterium agent, stir, put into that ensiling pond heap is tight, compacting, adopt the method for the conventional ensiling livestock of directly to feed later in 20-30 days of fermenting.Can prolonged preservation or the granulation of dry back with this method fermentation materials.
(4) dry-matter＞50% of floral disc of sunflower into fermentation ensiling microbial protein feeding stuff, moisture is 25%-45%, useful viable count: 10
8～10
10Individual/g, in dry-matter: crude protein content 18%, crude fiber content 15%, ash 5%.
Utilize the present invention to handle fresh floral disc, technology is simple, and selected is sophisticated industrialization suite of equipment, and it is big to handle the floral disc amount.The product of being produced is of high nutritive value, and the livestock breeding palatability is strong, no chemical additive composition is fit to the nursing of all kinds of domestic animals, has solved the pollution and the wasting of resources problem of present floral disc of sunflower into, enterprise increases fair margin of profit, has significant environmental benefit, economic benefit and social benefit.The present invention is suitable for all kinds of floral disc of sunflower into and handles conversion, administers its pollution and wasting of resources to environment.
Claims (9)
1. method of utilizing producing microorganism protein fodder by sunflower disc solid fermentation, its processing step is as follows:
(1) floral disc of sunflower into is pulverized, it is 30: 1 that adding C/N conditioning agent is adjusted its carbon-nitrogen ratio, and water content is adjusted into 40%～60%, as fermentation raw material;
(2) with aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Candida utilis bacterium (Candida utilis), lactobacillus delbruckii (Lactobacillus delbrueckii) bacteria suspension by volume 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5: 0.5～5, be mixed into mixed bacteria liquid, insert sterilization wheat bran solid medium, cultivated 24～48 hours for 25～35 ℃, the microscopy viable count reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/as to be the solid mix bacterium agent during g;
(3) 1～10% inoculum size of the solid mix bacterium agent being pressed floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material weight inserts the floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material, the secondary fermentation 24～72 hours that stirs, and leavening temperature is 25～35 ℃; When the temperature of fermenting mixture rises to 40～45 ℃, and bigger sour-sweet aroma smell is arranged, material contains probiotics and reaches 10
8～10
10Individual/g, fermentation ends;
(4) make its water content less than 13% the floral disc of sunflower into drying that ferments, granulation promptly becomes the microbial proteinous granulated feed.
2. method according to claim 1,1～10% inoculum size of wherein the solid mix bacterium agent being pressed floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material weight inserts the floral disc of sunflower into fermentation raw material, after stirring, put into the ensiling pond, compacting, adopt the method for conventional ensiling to carry out anaerobically fermenting after 20～30 days, be biological protein feedstuff, the livestock of can directly feeding.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Candida utilis bacterium bacteria suspension are that they are cultivated through test tube respectively successively, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture, 5～10% of per-cent by volume insert the aerobic cultivation of fermentor tank liquid respectively and obtain again, lactobacillus delbruckii is that the static anaerobism of liquid is cultivated, progressively classification enlarged culturing obtains bacteria suspension, and various bacteria suspension viable counts reach 10
8～10
10Individual/ml.
4. method according to claim 1,25～35 ℃ of the culture temperature that wherein various bacterium test tubes are cultivated, incubation time 24～72 hours.
5. method according to claim 1, the culture temperature of wherein various bacterium shake-flask culture are 25～35 ℃, and rotating speed is 180～220 rev/mins, incubation time 24～48 hours.
6. method according to claim 1,25～35 ℃ of the culture temperature of wherein various bacterium seed tank culture, incubation time 24～48 hours.
7. method according to claim 1,25～35 ℃ of the culture temperature of wherein various bacterium fermentor cultivation, incubation time 24～72 hours.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein the static anaerobism of lactobacillus delbruckii liquid is cultivated progressively classification enlarged culturing, 40～60 ℃ of its culture temperature, incubation time 24～48 hours.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein said C/N conditioning agent are one or more in urea, ammoniacal liquor, ammonium nitrate, dregs of beans, rapeseed meal, the cottonseed meal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101303139A CN101113425A (en) | 2007-07-16 | 2007-07-16 | Method for producing microorganism protein fodder by sunflower disc solid fermentation |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101303139A CN101113425A (en) | 2007-07-16 | 2007-07-16 | Method for producing microorganism protein fodder by sunflower disc solid fermentation |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101558821B (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-07-04 | 刘键 | Animal feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103229902A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 蚌埠大成食品有限公司 | High-protein cattle forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN103461682A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 卞佳林 | Livestock and poultry biological feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104543372A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-29 | 新疆瑞源丰贸易有限公司 | Sunflower disk composite feed and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-07-16 CN CNA2007101303139A patent/CN101113425A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101558821B (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-07-04 | 刘键 | Animal feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103229902A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 蚌埠大成食品有限公司 | High-protein cattle forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN103461682A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 卞佳林 | Livestock and poultry biological feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104543372A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-29 | 新疆瑞源丰贸易有限公司 | Sunflower disk composite feed and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20080130 |