CN101099440A

CN101099440A - Method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage

Info

Publication number: CN101099440A
Application number: CNA2006100863603A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 糜林
Original assignee: Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Hilly Area
Current assignee: Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Hilly Area
Priority date: 2006-07-03
Filing date: 2006-07-03
Publication date: 2008-01-09

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of fruit tree cultivation technology, in the concrete, it relates to a method for protecting ficus carica tree from freezing injury. Said method includes the following two procedures: A, form pruning and B, overwintering under mulch. Besides, said invention also provides the concrete requirements of above-mentioned every procedure and its concrete operation steps.

Description

Method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage

Technical field

The invention belongs to fruit tree planting technique, relate to method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage.

Background technology

Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig originated in California, introduced Japan in 1909, introduced China afterwards again.This kind go into operation morning, instant effect, income height, field planting then just can be born fruit then, just can obtain quite high output in 1 year, and the Cheng Yuanhou per mu yield can reach 4000 ~ 5000 jin, and per mu yield is worth 6000 ~ 8000 yuan; Fruit shape is big, quality better is eaten raw liking of consumer deeply, can also be processed into multiple converted products such as fruit wine, preserved fruit, chankings, tea beverage simultaneously.But a little less than the anti-low temperature ability of these improved seeds, freeze injury will take place when the minimum air temperature is lower than subzero 7.2 ℃, therefore, north subtropical and to the north of the cold zone outdoor cropping be subjected to very big threat, make these improved seeds the Yangtze river basin and to the north of the suitable scope of planting in vast zone be restricted.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig tree that can make to survive the winter in cold regional safety, thereby can enlarge the suitable method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage of planting scope of the clothing Tao Fen of wheat department fig.

Method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage of the present invention includes following steps:

A. pruning is stayed after the i.e. fruit tree field planting and is done high 10-15 centimetre and cut and cut, and cultivates 2 young sprouts and makes the preparation major branches, and pull into it horizontal and fix with timber or iron wire autumn and winter, forms to hang down the shaping of trunk " " font; 1 year spring in the major branch both sides at interval the 20-25 centimetre of staggered young sprout of selecting and remain make fruit bearing shoot, branch behind the result stays the 2-3 bud to deeply prune in autumn and winter, bearing basal shoot as the coming year, only allow to send a root knot fruit branch on the every bearing basal shoot, still stay the 2-3 bud to repeat to prune behind the result, setting fruit position is controlled in the scope apart from ground 10-20 centimetre forever;

B. cover and survive the winter, promptly fig major branch and the bearing basal shoot after strong pruning the in December covers with dry rice straw, and the mu overlay capacity of straw is 600～800 kilograms, adds a cover the unregistered land film of 0.3 millimeters thick on the straw again, survives the winter with soil pressure is real around the film of unregistered land.The straw overlay capacity is main, and Han Leng regional straw overlay capacity is big more according to the different and difference to some extent of cold degree, and in the Yangtze river basin, 750 kilograms of mu mulching straws can be resisted the freeze injury that low temperature causes below-8 ℃.

Method of the present invention proves through experiment in cultivation for years, can guarantee Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig tree safe overwintering in the Yangtze river basin, does not suffer freeze injury fully, has expanded the cultivation scope of Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig tree greatly.In addition, employed straw can carry out straw-returning on the ground 1 year spring in this method, was good organic matter after rotting, and helped culture fertility; The unregistered land film also can carry out ground in spring and cover, not only preserve moisture, save the drought resisting water, and suppressed the growths of weeds, saved the recruitment of hoeing up weeds, the more important thing is by plastic mulching, cut off the pathogen of practising the fig eqpidemic disease of residence in soil and propagated, significantly reduced the generation of disease to overground part.

Embodiment

Embodiment:

The inventive method is applied to the Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig tree in Yangtze river basin cultivation, may further comprise the steps:

A. pruning is done high 10-15 centimetre and is cut and cut staying after the field planting of the clothing Tao Fen of wheat department fig tree, cultivates 2 young sprouts and makes the preparation major branches, and pull into it horizontal and fix with timber or iron wire autumn and winter, forms to hang down the shaping of trunk " " font; 1 year spring in the major branch both sides at interval the 20-25 centimetre of staggered young sprout of selecting and remain make fruit bearing shoot, branch behind the result stays the 2-3 bud to deeply prune in autumn and winter, bearing basal shoot as the coming year, only allow to send a root knot fruit branch on the every bearing basal shoot, still stay the 2-3 bud to repeat to prune behind the result, setting fruit position is controlled in the scope apart from ground 10-20 centimetre forever;

B. cover and survive the winter, fig major branch and bearing basal shoot in December after strong the pruning cover with dry rice straw, and the mu overlay capacity of straw is 750 kilograms, adds a cover the unregistered land film of 0.3 millimeters thick on the straw again, survive the winter with soil pressure is real around the film of unregistered land.

Said method was used in the fig tree with the clothing Tao Fen of wheat department in continuous 8 years, and the relevant data record is as follows:

The actual frost damage prevention effect of following table after for the method for using the foregoing description:

Time	Straw consumption/mu (kilogram)	Use the mu number	The extreme minimum air temperature and date		Extremely minimum surface temperature and date		The strain rate of enduring cold (%)
			The extreme minimum air temperature and date		Extremely minimum surface temperature and date			℃	Day/the moon	℃	Day/the moon
			1998	750	30	-7.3		℃	Day/the moon	℃	Day/the moon	19/1	-5.4	19/1	0
1999	750	30	1998	750	30	-7.3	-7.5	22/12	-8.3	22/12	0	19/1	-5.4	19/1	0
1999	750	30	2000	750	30	-8.1	-7.5	22/12	-8.3	22/12	0	27/1	-14.3	27/1	0
2001	750	27	2000	750	30	-8.1	-5.3	15/1	-6.0	25/12	0	27/1	-14.3	27/1	0
2001	750	27	2002	750	27	-5.7	-5.3	15/1	-6.0	25/12	0	26/12	-6.7	27/12	0
2003	750	26	2002	750	27	-5.7	-7.5	5/1	-10.3	4/1	0	26/12	-6.7	27/12	0
2003	750	26	2004	750	26	-6.9	-7.5	5/1	-10.3	4/1	0	25/1	-8.2	25/1	0
2005	750	26	2004	750	26	-6.9	-7.2	18/12	-8.2	18/12	0	25/1	-8.2	25/1	0

In addition, to the open country ground day minimum temperature that detects year January in December, 1998-1999 with used the ground minimum temperature after the inventive method comparison shows that: most of date open country surface temperature is below 0 ℃, and during whole range of temperature at 14 ℃; And used the ground minimum temperature after the inventive method all the time more than 0 ℃, and range of temperature is 8 ℃ during whole.None escapes by luck open country without any the Mai Siyi Tao Fen fig of antifreezing measures, all suffers freeze injury, and adopts the fig of embodiment of the invention method not have a strain to suffer freeze injury.

Claims

1, a kind of method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage includes following steps:

A. pruning is stayed after the i.e. fruit tree field planting and is done high 10-15 centimetre and cut and cut, and cultivates 2 young sprouts and does to prepare major branches, and pull into it horizontal and fix with timber or iron wire autumn and winter; 1 year spring in the major branch both sides at interval the 20-25 centimetre of staggered young sprout of selecting and remain make fruit bearing shoot, branch behind the result stays the 2-3 bud to deeply prune in autumn and winter, bearing basal shoot as the coming year, only allow to send a root knot fruit branch on the every bearing basal shoot, still stay the 2-3 bud to repeat to prune behind the result, setting fruit position is controlled in the scope apart from ground 10-20 centimetre forever;

B. cover and survive the winter, promptly fig major branch and the bearing basal shoot after strong pruning the in December covers with dry rice straw, adds a cover the unregistered land film of 0.3 millimeters thick on the straw again, survives the winter with soil pressure is real around the film of unregistered land.

2, method for preventing masui dauphine fig tree from freezing damage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step b, the mu overlay capacity of straw is 600～800 kilograms.