CN101069129A - 可辐射固化的涂料 - Google Patents
可辐射固化的涂料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101069129A CN101069129A CNA2005800415850A CN200580041585A CN101069129A CN 101069129 A CN101069129 A CN 101069129A CN A2005800415850 A CNA2005800415850 A CN A2005800415850A CN 200580041585 A CN200580041585 A CN 200580041585A CN 101069129 A CN101069129 A CN 101069129A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- alkyl
- coating
- optional substituted
- aryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 iodine, sulfone Chemical class 0.000 claims description 198
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- FXKQPQOOZSXQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyltriazine Chemical class CC1=CC=NN=N1 FXKQPQOOZSXQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 claims description 7
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine N-oxide Chemical class [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid Chemical compound CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogenborate Chemical compound OB(O)[O-] URSLCTBXQMKCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004953 trihalomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002319 barbital Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000003200 peritoneal cavity Anatomy 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 23
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 13
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical group CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical class COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000982 direct dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N xanthone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012956 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl-ketone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001016 thiazine dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004343 1-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- XHLHPRDBBAGVEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetralone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)CCCC2=C1 XHLHPRDBBAGVEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTUVQQKHBMGYEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C1=NC=NC=N1 QTUVQQKHBMGYEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-yl)-2-phenylethanone Chemical compound OC(C(=O)c1cccc2Oc12)c1ccccc1 NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTPLXRHDUXRPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxyacetophenone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1 NTPLXRHDUXRPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940063013 borate ion Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006115 industrial coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAQJJMHZNSSFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylglyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FAQJJMHZNSSFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IVDFJHOHABJVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinacol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(C)(C)O IVDFJHOHABJVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C)=CC=C21 SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- MEZLFEBZUZORBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dichloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MEZLFEBZUZORBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) 2,4-dichlorobenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHYWKBKHMYRNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VMHYWKBKHMYRNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJHSIDUUJPTLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJHSIDUUJPTLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBKHNGHPZZZJCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-aminophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RBKHNGHPZZZJCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXUBWWRCKOZPDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-bromophenyl)methyl-diphenylsulfanium Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 GXUBWWRCKOZPDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTDVNFPRWNZHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-butoxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KTDVNFPRWNZHMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTOWCKDEJVXWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-fluorophenyl)-diphenylsulfanium Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JTOWCKDEJVXWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCOCMILJXXUEHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)-diphenylsulfanium Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCOCMILJXXUEHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-nitrophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYMCBJWUWHHVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFEWNFVBWPABCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethane-1,2-diol Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C(O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MFEWNFVBWPABCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKSUVRWJZCEYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethylbenzene Chemical compound COC(C)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 XKSUVRWJZCEYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFCBTKNHSQRRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxy-2H-pyridine Chemical compound CON1C(C=CC=C1)OC CFCBTKNHSQRRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenyl-2-propan-2-yloxyethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC(C)C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHKJKVIZTFFFSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylbutan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UHKJKVIZTFFFSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLEGUYRYQGNIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethoxy-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CON1CC=C(OC)C=C1 YLEGUYRYQGNIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKEGCUDAFWNSSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-dibromooctane Chemical compound BrCCCCCCCCBr DKEGCUDAFWNSSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-hydroperoxycyclohexyl)peroxycyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(O)OOC1(OO)CCCCC1 UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYSHDKCRCGTKRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylsulfanyl-4-tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1SCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYSHDKCRCGTKRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJNHKVGTQYJHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-(trichloromethylsulfonyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1 PJNHKVGTQYJHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWQSENYKCGJTRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-iodobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 GWQSENYKCGJTRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2Cl BOCJQSFSGAZAPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCPYTNCQOSFKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound ClC=CC=C PCPYTNCQOSFKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC=C OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIMQAWYQAKXUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-methyl-2H-pyridine Chemical compound C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)C KIMQAWYQAKXUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOCDMCGYVQGBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2H-pyridine-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)C#N UOCDMCGYVQGBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSNAQLAHCVPEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CCON1CC=CC=C1 WSNAQLAHCVPEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RONZTWINTSZKFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-4-phenyl-2H-pyridine Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CCN(C=C1)OCC RONZTWINTSZKFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJIQKMLBYBYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-2-methyl-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CON1C=CC=CC1C RJIQKMLBYBYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USMLYDFNYPQLHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CON1CC=CC=C1 USMLYDFNYPQLHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYIFQHFENLYTRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyridine Chemical compound CON1CC(=CC=C1)C LYIFQHFENLYTRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBGXEJDANLCMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-4-phenyl-2H-pyridine Chemical compound CON1CC=C(C=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BBGXEJDANLCMOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVADYZMJDUHARM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-ylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CN1CCOCC1 WVADYZMJDUHARM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQLIGMASAVJVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthalen-1-ylethanone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)C)=CC=CC2=C1 QQLIGMASAVJVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAHPVQDVMLWUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylhexan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MAHPVQDVMLWUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQVIVQDHNKQWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-iodobenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(I)C=C1 WQVIVQDHNKQWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine Substances CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIMQKKFOOYOQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GIMQKKFOOYOQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHUHPERZCBUMRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethoxypyridine Chemical compound COC1=CC=CN=C1OC QHUHPERZCBUMRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUYLXVQKVBXUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound CC=1C=CNC=1C OUYLXVQKVBXUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRKORVYTKKLNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di(propan-2-yl)thioxanthen-9-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(C)C)=CC(C(C)C)=C3SC2=C1 BRKORVYTKKLNKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZGQKVQCXROHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-(tribromomethylsulfonyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C(Br)(Br)Br)C(Cl)=C1 BZGQKVQCXROHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARQDHBHBXSGQQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-(trichloromethylsulfonyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C(Cl)=C1 ARQDHBHBXSGQQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC(CC)=C3SC2=C1 BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC(C)=C3SC2=C1 LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethoxyphenol Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1O KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical class CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003456 2,6-dinitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C(*)C(=C1[H])[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 description 1
- ZOYHTWUFFGGARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butylpiperidine Chemical class CC(C)(C)C1CCCC(C(C)(C)C)N1 ZOYHTWUFFGGARK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWQZLVPKEVXEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tribromomethyl)-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)C1=NC=NC=N1 CWQZLVPKEVXEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Acetylthiazole Chemical group CC(=O)C1=NC=CS1 MOMFXATYAINJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C21 XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKDQLNOZQAMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C(=O)C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 LKDQLNOZQAMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DZZAHLOABNWIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DZZAHLOABNWIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003006 2-dimethylaminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC=C PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIUJWWBOMGMSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCC(C)OC=C PIUJWWBOMGMSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROUWQQRXUBECT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylacrylic acid Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(O)=O WROUWQQRXUBECT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O AIDLAEPHWROGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMWZLYTVXQBTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CCCCC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UMWZLYTVXQBTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGIJRRREJXSQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-thiazine Chemical compound N1SC=CC=C1 AGIJRRREJXSQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWPKTBMRVATCBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[1-[1-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]piperidin-4-yl]-1h-benzimidazol-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CN1CCC(N2CCC(CC2)N2C(NC3=CC=CC=C32)=O)CC1 CWPKTBMRVATCBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASMMPYNWAUBNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-1-ethoxy-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CCON1CC(Br)=CC=C1 ASMMPYNWAUBNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl Chemical group [CH2]CCO QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical group CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFSPIWLYKLVASD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxyperoxycarbonyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O OFSPIWLYKLVASD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTBCOQFMQSTCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromobenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 FTBCOQFMQSTCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 1
- SUSQFNPQGIKDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-2-methyl-1-(trichloromethylsulfonyl)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl SUSQFNPQGIKDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGVRJVHOJNYEHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UGVRJVHOJNYEHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UASQKKHYUPBQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-decylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 UASQKKHYUPBQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWXICGTUELOLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KWXICGTUELOLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMBNQNDUEFFFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCOC=C HMBNQNDUEFFFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUHUWFIYJDRPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 AUHUWFIYJDRPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-butyl Chemical group [CH2]CCCO SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVWCPGVLSILMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[2,1-b:2',1'-f][7]annulen-11-one Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C21 BMVWCPGVLSILMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKICNJBYRWRABI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-thioxanthene 10-oxide Chemical class C1=CC=C2S(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3CC2=C1 PKICNJBYRWRABI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLCHQRKZFHWNRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C1=C(C([N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(CC)CC)C=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(C)C1=C(C([N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(CC)CC)C=CC=C1 LLCHQRKZFHWNRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCUKFHPKSZZYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)Br Chemical compound C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)Br RCUKFHPKSZZYLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIOGUJDMMVVSQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JIOGUJDMMVVSQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEZGIRKLNYIZEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)Cl Chemical compound C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)Cl SEZGIRKLNYIZEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXEDABJXLGBIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)OC Chemical compound C(C)ON1C(C=CC=C1)OC UXEDABJXLGBIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNYJIBCGXXZBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)C Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)C SNYJIBCGXXZBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHZOPWNXZECBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NTHZOPWNXZECBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMENPZVSVJOWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)Cl Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)Cl KMENPZVSVJOWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCXIQGDCIXGRFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)OC Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC(=CC=C1)OC NCXIQGDCIXGRFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFUIHOAMKKAZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)Br Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)Br JFUIHOAMKKAZTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPHYHNYSEUMIFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)Cl Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)Cl PPHYHNYSEUMIFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POXKEELAYQJYMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)OC Chemical compound C(C)ON1CC=C(C=C1)OC POXKEELAYQJYMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFERDKMSOGYJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C(C)(C)C)(C)C Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[N+](C(C)(C)C)(C)C HFERDKMSOGYJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZXDGLQOQALUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C=1CN(C=CC1)OC Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C=1CN(C=CC1)OC XZXDGLQOQALUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGOQDABVCOAPHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC=1NSC=CC1 Chemical class CC=1NSC=CC1 FGOQDABVCOAPHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)C ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrolein Chemical compound CC(=C)C=O STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VBCIIZFTFUSCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1C(C=CC=C1)Br Chemical compound O(C)N1C(C=CC=C1)Br VBCIIZFTFUSCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCTGKBSSBABIBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound O(C)N1C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCTGKBSSBABIBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LULNRVKGOQIWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1CC(=CC=C1)Br Chemical compound O(C)N1CC(=CC=C1)Br LULNRVKGOQIWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIUIWVXYWAEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1CC(=CC=C1)OC Chemical compound O(C)N1CC(=CC=C1)OC OIUIWVXYWAEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQIHMMXFRVDONI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1CC=C(C=C1)Br Chemical compound O(C)N1CC=C(C=C1)Br LQIHMMXFRVDONI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJDDRDPGOQRULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(C)N1CC=C(C=C1)C#N Chemical compound O(C)N1CC=C(C=C1)C#N NJDDRDPGOQRULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Patent blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=CC=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WAPGDSXORKBCRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-diphenylsulfanium Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)C[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WAPGDSXORKBCRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVWADWOERKNWRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phenylmethanone Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RVWADWOERKNWRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORIYPYYJBNPAEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[N+](=O)([O-])C=1C=C(C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC1 Chemical compound [I].[N+](=O)([O-])C=1C=C(C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC1 ORIYPYYJBNPAEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000008062 acetophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- WKONIGTVYCOOJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzhydryl-hydroxy-oxo-sulfanylidene-lambda6-sulfane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(S(=O)(=S)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WKONIGTVYCOOJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPDLSYSNVXVNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(diphenyl)sulfanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BPDLSYSNVXVNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNCYIAWLGISVQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl-ethyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C(C)C)(C(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RNCYIAWLGISVQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC=C PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonoperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(O)=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001033 copper pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002026 crystalline silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYPABJGVBDSCIT-UPHRSURJSA-N cyclododecene Chemical compound C1CCCCC\C=C/CCCC1 HYPABJGVBDSCIT-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVQJWUUZCXSOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylsulfonyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOS(=O)(=O)C1CCCCC1 BSVQJWUUZCXSOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004772 dichloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004188 dichlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJOFIRSIYJDPSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(C(C)C)C(C)C IJOFIRSIYJDPSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004212 difluorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005805 dimethoxy phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical group CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl formate Chemical compound CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCUPRSGLHYWGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-methyl-di(propan-2-yl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(C(C)C)C(C)C BCUPRSGLHYWGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyltrimethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(C)C YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoren-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNXSIUBBGPHDDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N indan-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)CCC2=C1 QNXSIUBBGPHDDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl-benzene Natural products CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylethylethylene Natural products CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000983 mordant dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000206 moulding compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIWRFSMVIUAEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-1-phenylmethanamine Chemical compound CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 RIWRFSMVIUAEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methylisopropylbenzene Natural products CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKIFVPLJBNCZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenacyl(diphenyl)sulfanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NKIFVPLJBNCZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPAFOABSQZMTHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HPAFOABSQZMTHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(4-phenylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ROMWNDGABOQKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyliodanuidylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[I-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ROMWNDGABOQKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical compound C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical group CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000988 sulfur dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000979 synthetic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MVQLEZWPIWKLBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-benzoylbenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MVQLEZWPIWKLBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N tert-butyl-[(1r,3s,5z)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-(2-diphenylphosphorylethylidene)-4-methylidenecyclohexyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=C)\C1=C/CP(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical group [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004288 tosilate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001003 triarylmethane dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZUBRRXYUOJBRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethylsulfonylbenzene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VZUBRRXYUOJBRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsulfonium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012953 triphenylsulfonium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKGLSKVNOSHTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N valerophenone Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XKGLSKVNOSHTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/029—Inorganic compounds; Onium compounds; Organic compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/031—Organic compounds not covered by group G03F7/029
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及包含NIR光引发剂的可辐射固化的涂料,以及涉及新的NIR光引发剂的配料,及其用途。
Description
本发明涉及包含NIR光引发剂的可辐射固化的涂料,涉及新的NIR光引发剂配方及其用途。
EP 408 322描述包括菁染料和指定硼酸盐离子的盐形式的单组分光引发剂。
例如,公知的单组分光引发剂体系中,菁、呫吨鎓或噻嗪染料用作阳离子,硼酸盐化合物用作阴离子;参见EP-A 223 587。
与所有这些现有技术体系共同的特征是它们在油漆中具有相对低的溶解度,尤其是当它们以晶体形式沉淀时,导致油漆表面缺陷。
本发明描述了双组分的NIR光引发剂体系,其包含至少一种增感剂染料(也称为敏化剂)和至少一种自由基引发剂(也称为共引发剂)。
例如,现有技术经常使用菁、呫吨鎓或噻嗪染料作为增感剂染料,使用硼酸盐、锍盐、碘鎓盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物或卤代甲基噻嗪作为共引发剂。
菁染料由菁阳离子和相应的阴离子组成。它可以是分离的阴离子或其它内部阴离子;换句话说,阴离子基团是以化学方式连接到菁阳离子上的。通常在制备过程中它们作为简单盐而获得,例如卤化物,四氟硼酸盐,高氯酸盐或甲苯磺酸盐。迄今为止没有公开具有含有长链烷基或烷基取代的芳基的阴离子的菁染料。菁染料是商业可得的。
菁染料经常作为烷基磺酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、硫酸盐、氯化物等使用,例如参见US 6 014 930或EP-A 342 576。
DE-A 197 30 498和DE-A196 48 256公开了由分离的阳离子染料盐和硼酸盐制备的组合物,该组合物也可用于具有UV光引发剂的混合物中。
具有文献号10 2004 011 347.5的德国专利申请描述了菁染料作为NIR吸收剂用于激光辐射,它在印刷油墨中具有0.1重量%的最低溶解度,并且作为平衡离子它可以包含硼酸盐,所述硼酸盐在中央硼原子上携带经由四个氧原子连接的取代基。然而,这种硼酸盐是光化学惰性的,不能用作光引发剂。
本发明的目的是提供NIR光引发剂体系,它一方面具有良好的溶解度,另一方面通过NIR辐射具有良好的光化学活性。
该目的通过利用包含以下组分的混合物实现:
(A)至少一种吸收剂,其是离子性结构,包含菁阳离子Cya+和相应的阴离子1/m Anm-,该菁阳离子具有通式(I)、(II)、(III)或(IV)
其中n是1或2,基团R1~R9定义如下:
R1和R2各自独立地为直链或支化的具有1~20碳原子的烷基或芳烷基,烷基或芳烷基任选进一步被取代,
R3和R4各自独立地为H、CF3或CN,
R5和R6各自独立地为一种或多种相同或不同的取代基,该取代基选自-H、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-CN、-CF3、-SO2CF3、-R1、-OR1、芳基或-O-芳基,
R7是-H、-Cl、-Br、-I、-苯基、-O-苯基、-S-苯基、-N(苯基)2、-吡啶基、巴比妥酸基或双甲酮基,其中苯基还可以被进一步取代,和
R8和R9各自独立地为>C(CH3)2,-O-,-S-,>NR1或-CH=CH-,和
阴离子Anm-具有通式[AR10 k]m-,其具有极性离子头部基团A和k个非极性基团R10,其中
k是数字1、2或3,
m是1或2,和
非极性基团R10彼此独立地选自以下基团:
-具有6~30碳原子的直链、支化和环状的烷基,和
-通式-芳基-R11的烷基芳基,R11是具有3~30碳原子的直链或支化烷基,
或阴离子Anm-是通式(V)或(VI)的硼酸盐阴离子
其中R10如上定义,R12是至少一种选自以下组的取代基:氢和具有1~20碳原子的直链、环状或支化烷基,和
在基团R10、R11和R12中,不相邻的碳原子也可以任选地被氧原子取代,和/或基团R10、R11和R12可以被完全或部分地氟化,条件是基本上不影响基团的非极性特性,和
(B)至少一种式(VII)的共引发剂
其具有相应的抗衡离子1/x catx+,
其中,x是1或2,
cat是阳离子,
z1、z2、z3和z4各自独立地为0或1,
z1+z2+z3+z4的总和是0、1、2或3,优选0、1或2,更优选0或1,和非常优选为0,
Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4各自独立地为O、S或NR17,
R13、R14、R15和R16各自独立地为C1-C18烷基,任选地被一个或多个氧和/或硫原子和/或被一个或多个取代或未取代的亚氨基间隔的C2-C18烷基,或各自是C6-C12芳基,C5-C12环烷基或含有氧、氮和/或硫原子的五元至六元杂环,所述基团可以在各种情况下被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代,和
R17是氢、C1-C18烷基或C6-C12芳基,
条件是基团R13~R16中的至少一个是C1-C18烷基,和基团R13~R16中的至少一个是C6-C12芳基,所述基团可以在各种情况下被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代。
其中定义如下:
C1-C18烷基任选地被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代,其实例为:甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,正丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,戊基,己基,庚基,辛基,2-乙基己基,2,4,4-三甲基戊基,癸基,十二烷基,十四烷基,十七烷基,十八烷基,1,1-二甲基丙基,1,1-二甲基丁基,1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基,苄基,1-苯基乙基,2-苯基乙基,α,α-二甲基苄基,二苯甲基,对-甲苯基甲基,1-(对-丁基苯基)-乙基,对-氯苄基,2,4-二氯苄基,对-甲氧基苄基,间-乙氧基苄基,2-氰基乙基,2-氰基丙基,2-甲氧基羰基乙基,2-乙氧基羰基乙基,2-丁氧基羰基丙基,1,2-二(甲氧基羰基)乙基,2-甲氧基乙基,2-乙氧基乙基,2-丁氧基乙基,二乙氧基甲基,二乙氧基乙基,1,3-二氧戊环-2-基,1,3-二噁烷-2-基,2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基,4-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基,2-异丙氧基乙基,2-丁氧基丙基,2-辛氧基乙基,氯甲基,2-氯乙基,三氯甲基,三氟甲基,1,1-二甲基-2-氯乙基,2-甲氧基异丙基,2-乙氧基乙基,丁基硫代甲基,2-十二烷基硫代乙基,2-苯基硫代乙基,2,2,2-三氟乙基,2-羟乙基,2-羟丙基,3-羟丙基,4-羟基丁基,6-羟基己基,2-氨基乙基,2-氨基丙基,3-氨基丙基,4-氨基丁基,6-氨基己基,2-甲基氨基乙基,2-甲基氨基丙基,3-甲基氨基丙基,4-甲基氨基丁基,6-甲基氨基己基,2-二甲基氨基乙基,2-二甲基氨基丙基,3-二甲基氨基丙基,4-二甲基氨基丁基,6-二甲基氨基己基,2-羟基-2,2-二甲基乙基,2-苯氧基乙基,2-苯氧基丙基,3-苯氧基丙基,4-苯氧基丁基,6-苯氧基己基,2-甲氧基乙基,2-甲氧基丙基,3-甲氧基丙基,4-甲氧基丁基,6-甲氧基己基,2-乙氧基乙基,2-乙氧基丙基,3-乙氧基丙基,4-乙氧基丁基或6-乙氧基己基,
C2-C18烷基任选地被一个或多个氧和/或硫原子和/或由一个或多个取代或未取代的亚氨基间隔,其实例为5-羟基-3-氧杂-戊基,8-羟基-3,6-二氧杂-辛基,11-羟基-3,6,9-三氧杂十一烷基,7-羟基-4-氧杂-庚基,11-羟基-4,8-二氧杂-十一烷基,15-羟基-4,8,12-三氧杂十五烷基,9-羟基-5-氧杂-壬基,14-羟基-5,10-氧杂-十四烷基,5-甲氧基-3-氧杂-戊基,8-甲氧基-3,6-二氧杂-辛基,11-甲氧基-3,6,9-三氧杂十一烷基,7-甲氧基-4-氧杂-庚基,11-甲氧基-4,8-二氧杂-十一烷基,15-甲氧基-4,8,12-三氧杂十五烷基,9-甲氧基-5-氧杂-壬基,14-甲氧基-5,10-氧杂-十四烷基,5-乙氧基-3-氧杂-戊基,8-乙氧基-3,6-二氧杂-辛基,11-乙氧基-3,6,9-三氧杂十一烷基,7-乙氧基-4-氧杂-庚基,11-乙氧基-4,8-二氧杂-十一烷基,15-乙氧基-4,8,12-三氧杂十五烷基,9-乙氧基-5-氧杂-壬基或14-乙氧基-5,10-二氧杂-十四烷基。
氧和/或硫原子和/或亚氨基的数目没有限制。一般说来每个基团中的数目不大于5,优选不大于4和更优选不大于3。
此外,一般在两个杂原子之间有至少一个碳原子,优选至少两个碳原子。
取代和未取代的亚氨基可以例如是亚氨基、甲基亚氨基、异丙基亚氨基、正丁基亚氨基或叔丁基亚氨基。
进一步定义如下:
C6-C12芳基任选地被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代,其实例为苯基,甲苯基,二甲基苯基,α-萘基,β-萘基,4-联苯基,氯苯基,二氯苯基,三氯苯基,二氟苯基,甲基苯基,二甲基苯基,三甲基苯基,乙基苯基,二乙基苯基,异丙基苯基,叔-丁基苯基,十二烷基苯基,甲氧基苯基,二甲氧基苯基,乙氧基苯基,己氧基苯基,甲基萘基,异丙基萘基,氯萘基,乙氧基萘基,2,6-二甲基苯基,2,4,6-三甲基苯基,2,6-二甲氧基苯基,2,6-二氯苯基,4-溴苯基,2-或4-硝基苯基,2,4-或2,6-二硝基苯基,4-二甲氨基苯基,4-乙酰基苯基,甲氧基乙基苯基或乙氧基甲基苯基,
C5-C12环烷基任选地被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代,其实例为环戊基,环己基,环辛基,环十二烷基,甲基环戊基,二甲基环戊基,甲基环己基,二甲基环己基,二乙基环己基,丁基环己基,甲氧基环己基,二甲氧基环己基,二乙氧基环己基,丁基硫代环己基,氯代环己基,二氯代环己基,二氯代环戊基,或饱和或不饱和的二环体系,例如降冰片基或降冰片烯基,和
含有氧、氮和/或硫原子的五元或六元杂环的实例为呋喃基,苯硫基,吡咯基,吡啶基,吲哚基,苯并噁唑基,dioxolyl,dioxyl,苯并咪唑基,苯并噻唑基,二甲基吡啶基,甲基喹啉基,二甲基吡咯基,甲氧基呋喃基,二甲氧基吡啶基,二氟代吡啶基,甲基苯硫基,异丙基苯硫基或叔丁基苯硫基。
Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4各自独立地优选是氧或NR17,更优选氧。
R17优选是氢或C1-C4烷基。
本说明书中C1~C4烷基表示甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基,优选为甲基、乙基或正丁基,更优选为甲基或乙基,和非常优选为甲基。
R13、R14、R15和R16各自独立地优选为C1-C18烷基、C6-C12芳基或C5-C12环烷基,更优选C1-C18烷基和C6-C12芳基,非常优选自以下基团:甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,正丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,戊基,己基,庚基,辛基,2-乙基己基,2,4,4-三甲基戊基,癸基,十二烷基,十四烷基,十七烷基,十八烷基,1,1-二甲基丙基,1,1-二甲基丁基,1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基,苄基,1-苯基乙基,2-苯基乙基,α,α-二甲基苄基,二苯甲基,对甲苯基甲基,1-(对-丁基苯基)-乙基,苯基,甲苯基,二甲基苯基,α-萘基,β-萘基,4-联苯基,甲基苯基,二甲苯基,三甲基苯基,乙基苯基,二乙基苯基,异丙基苯基,叔-丁基苯基和十二烷基苯基,特别选自甲基、乙基、丙基、正丁基、己基、辛基、2-乙基己基、十二烷基、苄基、2-苯基乙基、苯基、甲苯基、α-萘基和β-萘基,尤其选自甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、苄基、苯基和甲苯基。
根据本发明,基团R13~R16中的至少一个是C1-C18烷基和至少一个是C6-C12芳基;优选至少一个是C1-C18烷基和至少一个是C6-C12芳基,并且其它两个是同样地选自C1-C18烷基和C6-C12芳基;更优选至少一个是C1-C18烷基和至少两个是C6-C12芳基;和非常优选一个是C1-C18烷基和三个是C6-C12芳基。
包含在本发明涂料中的增感剂染料的量可以由本领域技术人员选择以便获得足够的涂料光固化。一般原则是,该量少于5重量%是足够的。已证实,相对于涂料中的所有组分的总和,按重量计,特别合适的量为0.05%~4%;优选0.1%~3%,更优选0.2%~2.5%,非常优选0.3%~2.0%。根据本发明,必须保证加入的增感剂染料充分地溶于涂料中。
增感剂染料在涂料中的溶解度,按重量计,优选是至少0.2%,更优选至少0.5%,非常优选至少1.0%,例如是至少2%。
本发明中,增感剂染料是离子结构的吸收剂,包含菁阳离子Cya+和相应的阴离子1/m Anm-,其中m尤其可以采用1或2的值。
根据本发明,菁阳离子具有选自以下式(I)~(IV)的通式:
在这些式中,n是1或2,基团R1~R9具有以下定义:
R1和R2各自独立地为具有1~20碳原子的直链或支化烷基或芳烷基。实例包括甲基,乙基,1-丙基,2-丙基,1-丁基,2-丁基,叔丁基,1-戊基,1-己基,2-乙基-1-己基,1-辛基,1-癸基或1-十二烷基。尤其是它们是直链烷基。优选的基团是甲基,乙基,1-丁基或1-十二烷基。原则上,芳烷基是被芳基取代的烷基。实例包括苄基或苯基乙基。R1和R2可以彼此相同或不同。优选R1和R2是相同的基团。
R1和R2可以任选地被另外取代。这里尤其可以提到的官能团是例如氨基或羟基。如果存在,此类基团尤其是可以是位于烷基端部的官能团。
R3和R4各自独立地为-H、CF3或-CN。优选R3和R4是相同的基团。
基团R5和R6是不同的,或优选是相同的基团,选自-H、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-CN、-CF3和-SO2CF3。R5和R6也可以是基团-R1或-OR1,其中R1是如上定义的各种情况。此外,所述的基团也可以是芳基或-O-芳基,芳基优选是苯基。优选R5和R6是-H、-Cl、-Br或-I,或是烷基。在各种情况下,端基环也可以分别在环的不同位置具有两个或更多个相同或不同的取代基R5或R6。优选在每一环上有不超过两个取代基,更优选在每一情况下仅有一个取代基。
R7可以是-H、-Cl、-Br、-I、-苯基、-O-苯基、-S-苯基、-N(苯基)2、-吡啶基、巴比妥酸基或双甲酮基,其中苯基也可以被进一步取代。这种情况下,进一步的取代基可以是例如直链或支化烷基,实例是甲基或乙基,或可以是-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-CN或-CF3。
基团R8和R9是不相同的,或优选是相同的,选自>C(CH3)2、-O-、-S-、>NR1或-CH=CH-。尤其优选是>C(CH3)2。
菁阳离子的抗衡离子Anm-具有通式[AR10 k]m-。它包括至少一个极性离子头部基团A和k个非极性基R10,k是1、2或3的数值,m是1或2。优选阴离子仅具有一个R10基团。另外优选它是单价的阴离子。其中两个或更多个非极性基R10存在于该阴离子中,它们可以是不同的,或优选相同的。当然,抗衡离子也可以包含两种或多种不同阴离子的混合物。
基团R10可以是具有6~30碳原子的直链、支化或环状的烷基。优选基团R10具有6~12碳原子。合适基团的实例包括1-己基,环己基,2-乙基-1-己基,1-辛基,1-壬基,1-癸基,1-十一烷基,1-十二烷基或1-十四烷基。优选它们是直链烷基。
这些基团也可以是通式-芳基-R11的烷基芳基基团,其中R11是具有3~30碳原子的直链或支化烷基。适合基团的实例包括1-丙基,2-丙基,1-丁基,2-丁基,叔丁基,1-苯基,1-己基,环己基,2-乙基-1-己基,1-辛基,1-壬基,1-癸基,1-十一烷基,1-十二烷基或1-十四烷基。优选烷基R11具有6~12碳原子。更优选它们是直链烷基。
该芳基单元是通过从芳族烃上抽取相应数量的氢原子后形成的基团,芳族烃优选苯或萘。
该芳基单元尤其是亚苯基基团,优选1,4-亚苯基基团。合适的烷基芳基基团的实例包括-(C6H4)-C3H7,-(C6H4)-C6H13或-(C6H4)-C12H25。
极性离子头部基团A尤其是单价或二价酸基的阴离子。它可以是任何有机或无机酸基团。优选它是羧基或包括含有S、P和/或B的酸基。举例来说,酸基可以选自-SO3 -、-OSO3 -、-COO-、-PO3 2-、-OPO3 2-或(-O)PO2 -。
特别适合的阴离子的实例包括具有烷基、尤其是6~12碳原子的直链烷基的烷基磺酸根,例如正辛基磺酸根、正癸基磺酸根或正十二烷基磺酸根,以及具有6~12碳原子的4-烷基苯磺酸根,例如4-己基苯磺酸很、4-辛基苯磺酸根、4-癸基苯磺酸根或4-十二烷基苯磺酸根。这些阴离子原则上也包括具有不同长度的烷基的不同分布的工业级产品。
菁阳离子的抗衡离子Anm-也可以是通式(V)或(VI)的硼酸盐阴离子。
R10是如上定义的基团。在各种情况下,每一螯合物配体上可以有一个或两个相同或不同的取代基。优选在各种情况下是一个取代基。在各种情况下,R12包括一个或多个相同或不同的取代基,该取代基选自H和具有1~20碳原子的直链、环状或支化烷基,优选具有2~12碳原子的基团。优选仅存在一个烷基。例如,这种硼酸盐阴离子可由硼酸和相应的二醇获得。
在基团R10,R11和R12中不相邻的碳原子也可以任选地被氧原子取代,和/或基团R10、R11和R12被完全或部分氟化,条件是基本上不改变基团的非极性特征。在一个优选的实施方案中,该基团是未氟化的。
本发明的增感剂染料可以通过各种方法制备。例如,它们可以利用两个阶段工艺制备,其中在第一阶段,菁阳离子与通常的阴离子如碘化物、四氟硼酸盐、高氯酸盐或对甲苯磺酸盐合成。制备说明对本领域技术人员是公知的。例如,可以参考DE-A 37 21 850、EP-A 627 660和其中的引用文献。基于菁的增感剂染料也是可商业得到的。
然后,在第二阶段,使用合适的技术用本发明的阴离子Anm-替代通常的阴离子。
例如,这可以通过一起装入起始原料和相应的酸HmAn、水不混溶性有机溶剂来进行,其中吸收剂不溶是有必要的。特别适合的有机溶剂是挥发性的和具有特定极性的。可能的实例是二氯甲烷。有机溶液或悬浮液随后用水萃取,直到最初的阴离子完全从有机溶液中去除。本发明的增感剂染料可以通过从溶液中除去溶剂而获得。
该制备还可以使用酸性离子交换树脂进行。
离子交换也可以根据WO 03/76518中公开的工艺进行。
根据本发明,本发明的混合物同样地包含含有式(VII)阴离子硼化物的组分(B)。
这些阴离子硼化合物具有三倍于x的带正电荷的阳离子catx+作为其抗衡离子。例如,这些阳离子可以是碱金属、碱土金属或铵离子,例如Mg2+、Li+、Na+或K+,但是优选铵离子。
根据本发明目的的铵离子是包含至少一个四取代氮原子的离子化合物,该取代基选自C1-C18烷基和C6-C12芳基,优选是烷基。当然两个或更多个取代基也可以连接形成环,以使季氮原子成为五~七元环的一部分。
铵阳离子的实例是四正辛基铵,四甲基铵,四乙基铵,四正丁基铵,三甲基苄基铵,三甲基十六烷基铵,三乙基苄基铵,三正丁基苄基铵,三甲基乙基铵,三正丁基乙基铵,三乙基甲基铵,三正丁基甲基铵,二异丙基-二乙基铵,二异丙基乙基甲基铵,二异丙基乙基苄基铵,N,N-二甲基哌啶鎓,N,N-二甲基吗啉鎓,N,N-二甲基哌嗪鎓或N-甲基二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷。优选的烷基铵离子是四辛基铵,四甲基铵,四乙基铵和四正丁基铵,特别优选四辛基铵和四正丁基铵,尤其优选四正丁基铵。
包含环体系的铵离子实例是被甲基化、乙基化、正丁基化、十六烷基化或苄基化的哌嗪、哌啶、咪唑、吗啉、奎宁环、喹啉、吡啶或三乙撑二胺。
本发明的混合物包含:
-至少一种式1/m Anm-Cya+的组分(A),如上述定义,和
-至少一种具有抗衡离子1/x catx+的组分(B),式(VII)是优选的。
代替具有抗衡离子1/x catx+的式(VII)的硼化合物阴离子或另外地,本发明的混合物可以包含锍盐、碘鎓盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物或卤代甲基三嗪作为组分(B)。
合适的锍盐例如是DE-A1 197 30 498描述的那些,尤其是其中第3页28-39行描述的那些,该段落在此明确地引入本发明中作为参考。
优选下式表示的盐:
其中
R18和R19各自是任选被取代的芳基,和
R20是任选被取代的烷基、任选被取代的链烯基、任选被取代的脂环基、任选被取代的芳基或任选被取代的芳烷基,AnA-是阴离子。
尤其优选三苯基锍,二苯基茴香基锍,二苯基(4-甲苯基)锍,二苯基(4-氟苯基)锍,二苯基[4-(苯基-硫基)苯基)锍,二苯基苄基锍,二苯基(4-氯苄基)锍,二苯基(4-溴苄基)锍,二苯基(4-氰基苄基)锍,二(4-叔丁基苯基)苄基锍,二茴香基(4-溴苯基)锍,二苯基苯甲酰甲基锍,二苯基(4-氯苯甲酰甲基)锍,二苯基(4-氰基苯甲酰甲基)锍,二苯基烯丙基锍,二苯基甲磺酰基锍,二苯基-对甲苯磺酰基甲基锍,二苯基(二甲基锍基甲基)锍和二苯基-[4-(二苯基锍基)苯基]锍。
阴离子AnA-优选是BF4 -、PF6 -、AsF6 -、SbF6 -、CIO4 -、CI-、Br-、四苯基硼酸根、四(五氟苯基)硼酸根、苯磺酸根阴离子、对甲苯磺酸根阴离子和三氟甲烷磺酸根阴离子。
合适的碘鎓盐是DE-A1 197 30 498中描述的例子,尤其是其中第3页40-43行的内容,该段落在此明确地引入本发明中作为参考。
这些盐优选是以下式表示的盐:
R21-I+-R22 AnB-
其中
R21和R22是任选被取代的芳基,AnB-是阴离子。
尤其优选二苯基碘鎓,茴香基苯基碘鎓,二(4-叔丁基苯基)碘鎓,二(4-氯苯基)碘鎓,二甲苯基碘鎓和二(3-硝基苯基)碘鎓。
优选的阴离子AnB-是BF4 -、PF6 -、AsF6 -、SbF6 -、CIO4 -、CI-、Br-、四苯基硼酸根、四(五氟苯基)硼酸根、苯磺酸根阴离子、对甲苯磺酸根阴离子和三氟甲烷磺酸根阴离子。
合适的磺酸根是DE-A1 197 30 498中描述的例子,尤其是其中第4页1-12行的内容,该段落在此明确地引入本发明中作为参考。
优选下式表示的砜:
其中
R23是任选被取代的芳基,和基团R24各自是卤原子。
本说明书中的卤素包括氟、氯、溴和碘,优选氯和溴,更优选氯。
尤其优选三氯甲基苯基砜,三溴甲基苯基砜,三氯甲基4-氯苯基砜,三溴甲基4-硝基苯基砜,2-三氯甲基苯并噻唑砜,2,4-二氯苯基三氯甲基砜,2-甲基-4-氯苯基三氯甲基砜和2,4-二氯苯基三溴甲基砜。
合适的过氧化物是DE-A1 197 30 498中描述的例子,尤其是其中第4页13-24行的内容,该段落在此明确地引入本发明的内容中,作为参考。
优选下式表示的过氧化物:
其中
R25是任选被取代的芳基,和
R26是任选被取代的烷基,任选被取代的芳基或任选被取代的苯甲酰基,优选是式R25-(CO)-的基团。
尤其优选过氧化苯甲酰,2,4-过氧化二氯苯甲酰,叔丁基过苯甲酸酯,二(叔丁基过氧)间苯二甲酸酯,二(叔丁基过氧)对苯二甲酸酯,二(叔丁基过氧)邻苯二甲酸酯,2,5-二甲基二(苯甲酰基过氧)己烷和3,3’,4,4’-四(叔丁基过氧羰基)二苯甲酮。
合适的吡啶N-氧化物是DE-A1 197 30 498中描述的那些例子,尤其是其中第3页44-62行的内容,该段落在此明确地引入本发明中作为参考。
优选下式表示的N-氧化物:
其中,
R27、R28、R29、R30和R31各自独立地为氢原子、卤原子、氰基、任选被取代的烷基、任选被取代的烷氧基或任选被取代的芳基,R32是任选被取代的烷基,和AnC-是阴离子。
尤其优选N-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-2-甲基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-3-甲基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-2-甲基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-3-甲基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-4-溴吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-3-溴吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-2-溴吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-4-溴吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-3-溴吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-2-溴吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-4-氯吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-3-氯吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-2-氯吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-3-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-2-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-3-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-2-甲氧基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-4-苯基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-3-苯基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-2-苯基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-4-苯基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-3-苯基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-2-苯基吡啶鎓,N-甲氧基-4-氰基吡啶鎓,N-乙氧基-4-氰基吡啶鎓,N,N’-二甲氧基-4,4’-联吡啶鎓,N,N’-二乙氧基-4,4’-联吡啶鎓,N,N’-二甲氧基-2,2’-联吡啶鎓和N,N’-二乙氧基-2,2’-联吡啶鎓。
阴离子AnC-优选是BF4 -、PF6 -、AsF6 -、SbF6 -、CIO4 -、CI-、Br-、四苯基硼酸根、四(五氟苯基)硼酸根、苯磺酸根阴离子、对甲苯磺酸根阴离子和三氟甲烷磺酸根阴离子。
合适的卤代甲基三嗪是DE-A1 197 30 498中描述的例子,尤其是其中第4页25-40行的内容,该段落在此明确地引入本发明中作为参考。
优选下式表示的卤代甲基三嗪:
其中
R33、R34和R35各自独立地是三卤代甲基、任选被取代的烷基、任选被取代的链烯基或任选被取代的芳基,条件是这些基团中的至少一个是三卤代甲基。
尤其优选的是2,4,6-三(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2,4,6-三(三溴甲基)-s-三嗪,2,4-双(二氯甲基)-6-三氯甲基-s-三嗪,2-丙酰基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-苯甲酰基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氰基苯基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-硝基苯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氯苯基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-枯烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氨基苯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2,4-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-三氯甲基,2,4-双(3-氯苯基)-6-三氯甲基-s-三嗪,2-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氯苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氨基苯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2,4-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-三氯甲基-s-三嗪,2,4-双(3-氯苯基)-6-三氯甲基-s-三嗪,2-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氯苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4-氨基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(二氯甲基)-s-三嗪,2-(4’-甲氧基-1’-萘基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪和2-(6’-硝基-1’-萘基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪。
混合物可以另外包含至少一种溶剂(C)。例如,这些可以是酯,如乙酸丁酯或乙酸乙酯,芳族或(环)脂肪族烃,如二甲苯、甲苯或庚烷;酮,如丙酮、异丁基甲基酮、甲基乙基酮或环己酮;醇如乙醇,异丙醇,单体的或低级的低聚乙二醇或丙二醇,单-或二醚化的乙二醇醚或丙二醇醚;二醇醚乙酸酯,如甲氧基丙基乙酸酯;环醚如四氢呋喃;羧酰胺如二甲基甲酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮;和/或水。
本发明优选的混合物由以下组分组成:
-至少一种式1/m Anm-Cya+表示的组分(A),如上定义说明,
-至少一种具有抗衡离子1/x catx+的组分(B),优选由式(VII)表示,和
-如果合适,至少一种溶剂(C)。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,混合物不使用溶剂(C)。
式1/m Anm-Cya+中的组分(A)与本发明混合物中具有抗衡离子1/xcatx+的式(VII)的组分(B)之间的重量比优选为1∶1~1∶5,更优选1∶1~1∶4,非常优选1∶2~1∶4.
本发明的混合物高度可溶于涂料。溶解度受选择的阴离子和选择的阳离子上的取代基的影响。较长烷基链如基团R10、R11和/或R12和/或菁上的取代基一般也导致更好地溶解度。
本发明的增感剂染料一般具有波长范围700nm~1200nm内的最大吸收。增感剂染料的最大吸收受本领域技术人员在已知原则意义上选择的菁阳离子上取代基的影响。
用于光固化的NIR辐射可以是宽带辐射,如来自发光二极管(LED)、卤素灯、氙灯等。它还可以是窄带辐射或可以是特定波长的激光辐射。特别适合的激光是在NIR范围内发射的已知激光,实例是半导体二极管激光器。辐射可以连续地或脉冲供应,例如以闪光形式。
本发明另外提供包含本发明混合物的可辐射固化的涂料。
这种涂料材料典型地包含:
-至少一种式1/m Anm-Cya+表示的组分(A),如上定义说明,
-至少一种具有抗衡离子1/x catx+的组分(B),优选由式(VII)表示,和
-如果合适,至少一种溶剂(C),
-至少一种粘合剂(D),
-如果合适,至少一种反应性稀释剂(E),
-如果合适,至少一种UV光引发剂(F),
-如果合适,至少一种着色剂(G),和
-如果合适,另外的典型涂料添加剂(H)。
粘合剂(D)是具有可自由基聚合或可阳离子聚合的烯属不饱和基团的化合物。可辐射固化的材料包含优选按每1000g的可辐射固化的化合物计0.001~12、更优选0.1~8和非常地优选0.5~7mol的可辐射固化的烯属不饱和基团。
例如,适合的可辐射固化的化合物包括(甲基)丙烯酸类化合物,乙烯基醚,乙烯基酰胺,不饱和聚酯(例如基于马来酸或富马酸的聚酯),或马来酰亚胺/乙烯基醚体系。
优选的是(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物,如聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯,聚醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯,聚氨酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯,环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯,碳酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯,硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯化的聚丙烯酸酯。
优选至少40mol%、更优选至少60%的可辐射固化的烯属不饱和基团是(甲基)丙烯酸基团。
例如,可辐射固化的化合物可以是在有机溶剂或水中的溶液的形式,或是水分散体或粉末形式。
优选的可辐射固化的化合物以及可辐射固化的材料在室温下是流体。然而,将可辐射固化的化合物或涂料作为熔体或粉末(粉末涂料材料)施涂也是有益的。按重量计,可辐射固化的材料包含优选低于20%、尤其是低于10%的有机溶剂和/或水。优选它们是无溶剂的和无水的(即100%体系)。在这种情况下,可以优选省去干燥步骤。
例如,活性稀释剂(E)是(甲基)丙烯酸与具有1~20碳原子的醇形成的酯,实例是(甲基)丙烯酸甲基酯,(甲基)丙烯酸乙基酯,(甲基)丙烯酸丁基酯,(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯,丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯,丙烯酸4-羟丁基酯,丙烯酸二氢二环戊二烯基酯;乙烯基芳族化合物,实例是苯乙烯和二乙烯基苯;α,β-不饱和腈,实例是丙烯腈和甲基丙烯腈;α,β-不饱和醛,实例是丙烯醛和甲基丙烯醛;乙烯基酯,实例是乙酸乙烯酯和丙酸乙烯基酯;卤代烯属不饱和化合物,实例是氯乙烯和偏二氯乙烯;共轭的不饱和化合物,实例是丁二烯、异戊二烯和氯丁二烯;单不饱和的化合物,实例是乙烯,丙烯,1-丁烯,2-丁烯和异丁烯;环状单不饱和的化合物,实例是环戊烯,环己烯和环十二烯;N-乙烯基甲酰胺,烯丙基乙酸,乙烯基乙酸,具有3~8碳原子的单烯属不饱和羧酸以及它们的水溶性碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐,例如:丙烯酸,甲基丙烯酸,二甲基丙烯酸,乙基丙烯酸,马来酸,柠康酸,亚甲基丙二酸,巴豆酸,富马酸,中康酸和衣康酸,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮;N-乙烯基内酰胺,实例是N-乙烯基己内酰胺;N-乙烯基-N-烷基-羧酰胺或N-乙烯基羧酰胺,如N-乙烯基乙酰胺,N-乙烯基-N-甲基甲酰胺和N-乙烯基-N-甲基乙酰胺;或乙烯基醚,实例是甲基乙烯基醚,乙基乙烯基醚,正丙基乙烯基醚,异丙基乙烯基醚,正丁基乙烯基醚,仲丁基乙烯基醚,异丁基乙烯基醚,叔丁基乙烯基醚,4-羟基丁基乙烯基醚,以及它们的混合物。
说明书中(甲基)丙烯酸表示甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸,优选丙烯酸。
对于UV光引发剂(F),可以使用那些本领域技术人员已知的光引发剂,实例是在“Advances in Polymer Science”,第14卷,Springer Berlin 1974或在K.K.Dietliker,Chemistry and Technology of UV and EB Formulationfor Coatings,Inks and Paints,第3卷;Photoinitiators for Free Radical andCationic Polymerization,P.K.T.Oldring(Eds.),SITA Technology Ltd,London中说明的那些。相对于NIR光引发剂,UV光引发剂是基本上由波长范围λ=200~700nm、更优选λ=200~500nm和非常优选λ=250~400nm的光所激发的。
根据本发明应这样理解,那些曝光下可释放自由基的光引发剂可以引发自由基反应,如自由基聚合。
适合的实例包括氧化膦,二苯甲酮,α-羟基-烷基芳基酮,噻吨酮,蒽醌,苯乙酮,苯偶姻和苯偶姻醚,缩酮,咪唑或苯酰甲酸,和它们的混合物。
氧化膦例如是单-或双酰基氧化膦,例如EP-A 7 508、EP-A 57 474、DE-A 196 18 720、EP-A 495 751或EP-A 615 980所描述,实例是2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦、2,4,6-三甲基苯乙酰基苯基次膦酸乙基酯或双(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)-2,4,4-三甲基戊基氧化膦,
二苯甲酮类例如是二苯甲酮,4-氨基二苯甲酮,4,4’-双(二甲氨基)二苯甲酮,4-苯基二苯甲酮,4-氯二苯甲酮,米嗤酮,邻-甲氧基二苯甲酮,2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮,4-甲基二苯甲酮,2,4-二甲基二苯甲酮,4-异丙基二苯甲酮,2-氯代二苯甲酮,2,2’-二氯代二苯甲酮,4-甲氧基二苯甲酮,4-丙氧基二苯甲酮或4-丁氧基二苯甲酮;例如,α-羟基-烷基芳基酮是1-苯甲酰基环己-1-醇(1-羟基-环己基苯基酮),2-羟基-2,2-二甲基苯乙酮(2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-1-酮),1-羟基苯乙酮,1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-2-羟基-2-甲基-1-丙-1-酮或包含2-羟基-2-甲基-1-(4-异丙烯-2-基苯基)丙-1-酮的共聚形成的聚合物。
氧杂蒽酮和噻吨酮例如是10-噻吨酮,噻吨-9-酮,呫吨-9-酮,2,4-二甲基噻吨酮,2,4-二乙基噻吨酮,2,4-二异丙基噻吨酮,2,4-二氯噻吨酮或氯呫吨酮;
蒽醌例如是β-甲基蒽醌,叔丁基蒽醌,蒽醌甲酸酯,苯并[de]蒽-7-酮,苯并[α]蒽-7,12-二酮,2-甲基蒽醌,2-乙基蒽醌,2-叔丁基蒽醌,1-氯代蒽醌或2-戊基蒽醌,
苯乙酮类例如是苯乙酮,乙酰萘醌,戊酰苯,己酰苯,α-苯基丁酰苯,对吗啉代甲基乙基酮,二苯并环庚酮,4-吗啉子基二苯甲酮,对-二乙酰基苯,4’-甲氧基苯乙酮,α-四氢萘酮,9-乙酰基菲,2-乙酰基菲,3-乙酰基菲,3-乙酰基吲哚,9-芴酮,1-茚满酮,1,3,4-三乙酰基苯,1-萘乙酮,2-萘乙酮,2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基乙酰苯,2,2-二乙氧基-2-苯基乙酰苯,1,1-二氯苯乙酮,1-羟基苯乙酮,2,2-二乙氧基乙酰苯,2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-吗啉代丙-1-酮,2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-联苯基乙-2-酮或2-苄基-2-二甲基氨基-1-(4-吗啉代苯基)丁-1-酮,
苯偶姻和苯偶姻醚例如是4-吗啉子基去氧苯偶姻,苯偶姻,苯偶姻异丁基醚,苯偶姻四氢吡喃基醚,苯偶姻甲基醚,苯偶姻乙醚,苯偶姻丁基醚,苯偶姻异丙醚或7H-苯偶姻甲基醚;或
缩酮例如是苯乙酮二甲基缩酮,2,2-二乙氧基乙酰苯,或苯偶酰缩酮,如苯偶酰二甲基缩酮。
苯酰甲酸是在DE-A 198 26 712、DE-A 199 13 353或WO 98/33761中所描述的那些。
能够另外使用的光引发剂是苯甲醛,甲基乙基酮,1-萘醛,三苯膦,三-邻-甲苯基膦或2,3-丁二酮。
典型的混合物例如包含2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-2-酮和1-羟基环己基苯基酮,双(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)-2,4,4-三甲基戊基氧化膦和2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-1-酮,二苯甲酮和1-羟基环己基苯基酮,双(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)-2,4,4-三甲基-戊基氧化膦和1-羟基环己基苯基酮,2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦和2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-1-酮,2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮和4-甲基二苯甲酮,或2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮和4-甲基二苯甲酮和2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦。
在本发明一个优选的实施方案中,至少一种UV光引发剂存在于本发明的涂料中。
说明书中使用的着色剂(G)理解为是颜料和染料,优选为颜料。
颜料(G)是根据CD Rmpp Chemie Lexikon-Version 1.0,Stuttgart/New York:Georg Thieme Verlag 1995,参考DIN 55943,特别是″organic or inorganic,chromatic or achromatic colorants which arevirtually insoluble in the application medium″.
这里,“几乎不溶”意味着溶解度在25℃时低于1g/每1000g应用介质,优选低于0.5、更优选低于0.25、非常优选低于0.1和尤其是低于0.05g/每1000g应用介质。
按字面的意义来说,颜料的实例包含任何所需的吸收颜料和/或效应颜料(effect pigment)的体系,优选吸收颜料。颜料编号和选择不受任何限制影响。它们可以是适应于特殊要求的任意方法,例如所需的着色印象。举例来说,所有标准化油漆混合物体系的颜料组分可以用作底漆。
效应颜料意味着所有能显示出小片形结构并给予表面涂层以特定装饰性彩色效应的颜料。效应颜料是所有有效给予的颜料,该颜料一般可以应用在汽车表面修饰和工业涂层中。这种效应颜料的实例是纯金属颜料,例如铝、铁或铜颜料;干扰颜料,如二氧化钛涂覆的云母、氧化铁涂覆的云母、混合氧化物涂覆的云母(例如用二氧化钛和Fe2O3或二氧化钛和Cr2O3涂层)、金属氧化物涂覆的铝,或液晶颜料。
给予着色的吸收颜料是通常可用于油漆工业的有机或无机吸收颜料。有机吸收颜料的实例是偶氮颜料、酞菁颜料、喹吖啶酮颜料和吡咯并吡咯颜料。无机吸收颜料的实例是氧化铁颜料、二氧化钛和碳黑。
染料同样地是着色剂,它们与颜料的不同在于在应用介质中的溶解度,即它们在25℃时在应用介质中溶解度大于1g/1000g。
染料的实例是偶氮、吖嗪、蒽醌、吖啶、菁、噁嗪、聚甲炔、噻嗪和三芳基甲烷染料。这些染料可以用作碱性或阳离子染料,媒染染料,直接染料(direct dyes),分散染料,显色染料,还原染料,金属络合染料,活性染料,酸性染料,硫化染料,偶合染料或直接染料(substantive dyes)。
至今,可以使用的典型涂料添加剂(H)的实例是抗氧化剂、稳定剂、活化剂(促进剂)、填料、抗静电剂、阻燃剂、增稠剂、触变剂、表面活性剂、粘度调节剂、增塑剂或螯合剂。
作为热固化促进剂,可以使用的实例是辛酸锡、辛酸锌、月桂酸二丁基锡或二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷。
另外可以加入一种或多种光化学和/或热可活化的引发剂,实例是过硫酸钾,过氧化二苯甲酰,过氧化环己酮,二叔丁基过氧化物,偶氮二异丁腈,环己基磺酰基乙酰基过氧化物,过碳酸二异丙基酯,过辛酸叔丁基酯或苯频哪醇,以及例如那些在80℃的半衰期大于100小时的可热活化的引发剂,如过氧化二叔丁基,氢过氧化枯烯,过氧化二枯基,过苯甲酸叔丁酯,甲硅烷基化的频哪醇,它们商业可购得,例如,购自Wacker的商品名ADDID,或含有羟基的胺N-氧化物,如2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-N-烃氧基,4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四-甲基-哌啶-N-烃氧基等。
另外合适的引发剂的实例描述于“Polymer Handbook”,第2版,Wiley&Sons,New York中。
适合的增稠剂,除了可自由基(共)聚合的(共)聚合物之外,包括通常的有机和无机增稠剂,如羟甲基纤维素或膨润土。
可以使用的螯合剂实例包括乙二胺乙酸及其盐以及β-二酮。
彩色(coloristically)惰性填料是这样的材料/化合物:其一方面是彩色非活性的,即它们显示出极少的本征吸收和具有类似于涂料介质的折射指数,另一方面能够影响表面涂层(即施涂在油漆膜上)的效应颜料的取向(平行度调准)以及涂层或涂料的特性,如硬度或流变性能。可以使用的惰性物质/化合物通过举例的方式给出,但不局限于这些实例中彩色惰性、拓扑结构作用填料的概念。例如,符合定义的适合惰性填料可以是透明或半透明的填料或颜料,例如,塑料粒料,硅胶,硫酸钡粉,硅藻石,滑石,碳酸钙,石灰,高岭土,硫酸钡,硅酸镁,硅酸铝,晶体二氧化硅,无定形硅石,或氧化铝。另外作为惰性填料,可以使用任何想要的固体惰性有机颗粒,如尿素甲醛缩合物,微粉化聚烯烃蜡和微粉化酰胺蜡,在各种情况下,惰性填料也可以以混合物形式使用。然而,优选在各种情况下仅使用一种填料。
适合的稳定剂包含典型的UV吸收剂,如草酰替苯胺、三嗪、苯并三唑和二苯甲酮。它们可以单独使用或与适合的自由基清除剂一起使用,实例是位阻胺,如2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,2,6-二叔丁基哌啶或其衍生物,例如癸二酸双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯;稳定剂通常以0.1重量%~5.0重量%的量使用,基于包含于制剂中的固体组分计。
本发明的混合物可以用作NIR可活化的光引发剂,本发明的混合物在涂料和油漆体系中比NIR光引发剂的现有技术配方显示出更好的溶解度,其中式(VII)的硼酸盐离子用作菁阳离子的抗衡离子。结果是,一方面,光引发剂可以在油漆体系中更均匀地分布,在后续油漆中没有不溶性颗粒作为缺陷残留在油漆中,另一方面,产生较高的光反应性。现有技术中,NIR光引发剂化合物由于不足的溶解度而在一定程度上作为晶体沉淀在涂料中。
为了获得溶解度的改善,本发明的混合物与可辐射固化的化合物如粘合剂(D)和/或活性稀释剂(E)共混,或包含它们的制剂如涂料、油漆或油漆配料。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,可以将可辐射固化的化合物与至少一种如上定义的式1/m Anm-Cya+的组分(A)共混,任选地在溶剂中稀释,和分别地与至少一种具有抗衡离子1/x catx+的式(VII)的组分(B)共混,任选地在溶剂中稀释。
根据本发明,进行共混的方式是不重要的。例如,可以用机械搅拌器进行,如盘式、倾斜刮刀式、锚式、增强式或气体分散式的搅拌器,或通过泵压循环进行,如果合适的话通过长方形孔挡板进行,或在混合泵中进行,或通过手工或振荡双组分的简单混合。当然,也可以使用要求较高剪切能量的混合技术,如射流裂散、密集分散、超匀浆分散或超声分散。
NIR光引发剂的特别益处是这种光引发剂即使在色漆上也能够引发自由基聚合,因为活化辐射一般仅被颜料吸收极少量或完全不吸收,而活化UV光引发剂所需的UV辐射通常被颜料吸收和/或散射,由此具有低的穿透进入涂层的深度。因此本发明的优选实施方案是在着色涂料中使用本发明的混合物。
另外本发明有益的实施方案包括在具有高涂层厚度的涂料中使用本发明的混合物。因此,在一个优选的实施方案中,混合物用于涂料中,显示出大于30微米的涂层厚度,优选大于45微米和更优选大于60微米。涂料的厚度至多300微米,优选至多250微米和更优选至多200微米。
当然,也可以将该涂料施涂得更厚或更薄,例如10~1000微米。然而,在涂料施涂得非常厚的情况下,可能需要辐射两次或更多次。
可辐射固化的涂料优选可以以简单的方法施涂到要涂覆的制品上,例如通过喷涂、抹涂、散涂、刮涂、刷涂、辊、辊涂、浇铸、浸渍、层压、注塑或共挤出等,和如果合适的话还可以干燥。
固化通过采用电磁辐射的辐射进行,电磁辐射包括可见区和NIR范围,优选在NIR范围内,和更优选使用波长范围在700~900nm的电磁辐射。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,辐射也可以在无氧下进行。为此目的,进行辐射使得用NIR辐射进行辐射时,涂料暴露于低于18kPa的氧分压下。有关的区域是要涂覆的制品的表面区域,该区域在辐射时具有可辐射固化的涂料。优选氧分压不超过17kPa,更优选不超过15.3kPa,非常优选不超过13.5kPa,尤其是不超过10kPa,和尤其不超过6.3kpa。
完全无氧气通常是不必要的,因此氧分压没有必要低于优选0.5kPa,更优选0.9kPa,非常优选1.8kPa,尤其是2.5kPa。
一个观察到的在低氧分压下固化的优点是改进的抗划性。
这种低氧分压可以通过用至少一种惰性气体稀释含氧气氛或用至少一种惰性气体替换含氧气氛有利地进行,换句话说,在辐射固化条件下气体是非反应活性的。适合的惰性气体包括优选氮气、惰性气体、二氧化碳或燃烧气体。在进行辐射固化的气氛中,所述至少一种惰性气体的比例应该大于80%(按体积),优选至少85%,更优选至少90%,非常优选至少95%,和尤其是至少98%(按体积)。辐射可以另外在被透明介质覆盖的涂料上进行。透明介质是例如聚合物膜、玻璃或液体,例如水。特别优选如WO 01/14483描写的辐射过程,因此其全部内容引入作为参考。非常特别优选的辐射方法描述于DE A1 199 57 900,因此其全部内容引入作为参考。
本发明的涂料和油漆配方尤其适合于涂层基材如木材,优选松木、冷杉木、山毛榉、橡树或枫木,纸,薄纸板,纸板,织物,皮革,皮革代用品,无纺布,塑料表面,优选SAN、PMMA、ABS、PP、PS、PC或PA(缩写为DIN 7728),玻璃,陶瓷,矿物建筑材料,如水泥模塑制品和纤维-水泥块料,或无涂层或带涂层的金属,优选塑料或金属,其也可以是薄片(箔或膜)的形式。为了储存或输送的目的,也可以将带涂层或无涂层的金属形成辊,称为“卷带”。金属涂层可以包含典型的底漆涂层或阴极淀积涂料体系。
本发明特别优选的涂料适合于露天应用或暴露于日光下的应用,优选建筑或建筑部件,用于内部涂层以及在飞机和交通工具上的涂层。尤其是本发明的涂料用作或用于汽车内的透明涂层和外涂料以及用于油漆,尤其是用于外部建筑油漆、工业涂层、卷材涂层、模塑料、注模料或牙用料。另外的可能是使用本发明的混合物来固化建筑材料、砖、渣块、人造石、样板、石膏以及用于其涂层目的的涂料。本发明涂料可以有利地用于装饰涂层,尤其用于家具、木地板、层压材料和地毯涂层。
另外的可能是将本发明的涂料用于印刷工艺或印刷版生产,实例是立体平版印刷术,照相平版印刷术,用于筛网印刷,胶版印刷,平版印刷,凹板印刷或凸版印刷工艺以及用于墨喷工艺。
下列实施例是用来说明本发明的特性,而不是限制本发明。
说明书中的“份”或“%”意味着“重量份”或“重量%”,除非另有指明。
本发明合成的NIR增感剂A1~A10概括于表1中。用作对比实施例的是非本发明的NIR染料,该染料是相应的碘化物形式(B1~B10)。
本发明NIR吸收剂可以在两阶段工艺中合成。第一阶段发生菁阳离子与通常阴离子(如碘化物)的合成。该合成原则上对本领域技术人员是已知的,可以根据已知的文献合成,例如,根据K.Venkataraman“TheChemistry of Synthetic Dyes”,Academic Press,New York,1952,第II卷,和H.Zollinger“Color Chemistry:Synthesis,Properties,and Applicationsof Organic Dyes and Pigments”,Weinheim,Wiley-VCH,2003的说明。
在第二阶段是将通常的阴离子用本发明的阴离子替代。
实施例
本发明合成的NIR增感剂具有改善的溶解度。
第一阶段:合成具有普通阴离子的菁阳离子
举例来说,如下所述是吸收剂2-[2-[2-[2-(1,3-二氢-1-乙基-3,3-二甲基-2H-吲哚-2-叉基)亚乙基]-1-环己烯-1-基]乙烯基]-1-乙基-3,3-二甲基-3H-吲哚鎓碘化物(B1)的合成。
10g(0.032mol)的3-乙基-1,1,2-三甲基吲哚鎓碘化物和2.7g(0.016mol)的3-羟基亚甲基环己-1-烯醛先引入105ml丁醇和45ml甲苯的混合物中。将初始投料加热至110℃,去除形成的水。搅拌溶液五小时后,冷却到室温。浓缩,然后加入甲基叔丁基醚。通过吸取过滤分离形成的晶体,用甲基叔丁基醚洗涤。获得9.4g的晶体,减压下50℃干燥(m.p.235℃)。
同样地,使用相应的起始化合物,合成其它具有普通阴离子的菁阳离子。
第二阶段:通过替换阴离子制备本发明NIR增感剂的一般操作。
2-[2-[2-[2-(1,3-二氢-1-乙基-3,3-二甲基-2H-吲哚-2-叉基)亚乙基]-1-环己烯-1-基]乙烯基]-1-乙基-3-二甲基-3H-吲哚鎓十二烷基磺酸盐(A1)的合成。
化合物如下制备:将0.003mol(1.6g)的NIR增感剂A1与溶于50ml二氯甲烷中的0.009mol(2.3g)十二烷基磺酸钠一起先引入。加入50ml的水,混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟,最终相分离。有机相用50ml水洗涤三次,直到使用硝酸银溶液不再能在洗涤水中检测到碘化物。有机相使用硫酸钠干燥后,通过蒸馏去除溶剂,残留物在减压下50℃干燥。
同样地,使用其它菁阳离子和相应所需的阴离子盐,制备下列NIR增感剂。合成的本发明NIR增感剂概括于表1中。
表1:合成的本发明NIR增感剂(A)
用作比较目的的是非本发明的NIR增感剂(类似A1~A10的碘化物盐)。
表2:非本发明的NIR增感剂(B)
化合物 | λmax | 阴离子 | |
B1-B12 | 参见表1 | 参见表1的菁阳离子 | I- |
使用的共引发剂X:
底漆材料中NIR增感剂的溶解度对比:
使用两种通常的可自由基聚合的丙烯酸酯型底漆材料(LaromerLR8863和LaromerLR PO84F,均购自BASF AG)进行试验。将限定量的每种NIR增感剂加入到这些基体材料中,在室温下将所得混合物搅拌至少4小时。偏光显微镜用来检测所得液体是否还包含NIR增感剂的未溶解的晶体。
非本发明的NIR增感剂B7、B11和B12不能充分地溶于两种溶液中(每种情况下的溶解度<0.1重量%)。
相比之下,用本发明的NIR增感剂A7、A11和A12获得透明溶液,没有不溶解的晶体,即使使用0.5重量%的相应NIR增感剂也是如此。
光引发剂混合物中NIR增感剂的试验:
将两种上述底漆材料与0.5重量%的每种NIR增感剂和1.5重量%的硼酸盐X-混合,将混合物强烈地搅拌。用所得混合物在两个玻璃板之间得到薄涂层(涂层厚度大约50微米),使用隔板薄片。这些涂层使用250W卤素灯(距离大约15cm)曝光1分钟。
对比例:
非本发明的NIR增感剂B7、B11和B12各自不完全溶解于底漆材料中。随后曝光,获得不完全固化的漆膜。另外,在清漆上有着色斑点(偏光显微镜下的未溶解的晶体)。
本发明的实施例:
本发明的NIR增感剂A7、A11和A12各自充分地溶于底漆材料中。曝光4秒后固化,获得的透明清漆膜上没有斑点。
Claims (15)
1.一种混合物,包含:
(A)至少一种增感剂,其是离子性结构,包含至少一种菁阳离子Cya+和至少一种相应的阴离子1/m Anm-,该菁阳离子具有以下通式(I)、(II)、(III)或(IV)
其中,n是1或2,基团R1~R9定义如下:
-R1和R2各自独立地为直链或支化的具有1~20碳原子的烷基或芳烷基,烷基或芳烷基任选地进一步被取代,
-R3和R4各自独立地为H、CF3或CN,
-R5和R6各自独立地为一种或多种相同或不同的取代基,该取代基选自-H、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-CN、-CF3、-SO2CF3、-R1、-OR1、芳基或-O-芳基,
-R7是-H、-Cl、-Br、-I、-苯基、-O-苯基、-S-苯基、-N(苯基)2、-吡啶基、巴比妥酸基或双甲酮基,其中苯基还可以被进一步取代,和
-R8和R9各自独立地为>C(CH3)2、-O-、-S-、>NR1或-CH=CH-,
和
阴离子Anm-具有通式[AR10 k]m-,其具有至少一个极性离子头部基团A和k个非极性基团R10,其中
k是数字1、2或3,
m是1或2,和
非极性基团R10彼此独立地选自以下基团:具有6~30碳原子的直链、支化和环状的烷基,和通式-芳基-R11的烷基芳基,R11是具有3~30碳原子的直链或支化烷基,
或者阴离子Anm-是通式(V)或(VI)的硼酸盐阴离子
其中R10如上定义,R12是至少一种选自以下的取代基:氢和具有1~20碳原子的直链、环状或支化烷基,和
在基团R10、R11和R12中,不相邻的碳原子也可以任选地被氧原子取代,和/或基团R10、R11和R12可以被完全或部分地氟化,条件是基本上不影响基团的非极性特性,和
(B)至少一种共引发剂,选自被烷基取代的硼酸盐、锍盐、碘鎓盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物和卤代甲基三嗪。
2.一种混合物,由以下组分组成:
-至少一种式1/m Anm-Cya+表示的组分(A),如权利要求1定义,
-至少一种共引发剂(B),选自被烷基取代的硼酸盐、锍盐、碘鎓盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物或卤代甲基三嗪,和
-如果合适,至少一种溶剂(C)。
3.一种涂料,包含:
-至少一种式1/m Anm-Cya+表示的组分(A),如权利要求1定义,
-至少一种共引发剂(B),选自被烷基取代的硼酸盐、锍盐、碘鎓盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物或卤代甲基三嗪,和
-如果合适,至少一种溶剂(C),
-至少一种粘合剂(D),
-如果合适,至少一种反应性稀释剂(E),
-如果合适,至少一种UV光引发剂(F),
-如果合适,至少一种着色剂(G),和
-如果合适,另外的典型涂料添加剂(H)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合物或根据权利要求3所述的涂料,其中共引发剂(B)是式(VII)的化合物,
其具有相应的抗衡离子1/x catx+,
其中
x是1或2,
cat是x-价阳离子,
z1、z2、z3和z4各自独立地为0或1,
z1+z2+z3+z4的总和是0、1、2或3,
Y1、Y2、Y3和Y4各自独立地为O、S或NR17,
R13、R14、R15和R16各自独立地为C1-C18烷基,任选地被一个或多个氧和/或硫原子和/或被一个或多个取代或未取代的亚氨基间隔的C2-C18烷基,或各自是C6-C12芳基,C5-C12环烷基或含有氧、氮和/或硫原子的五元至六元杂环,其中所述基团在每种情况下可以被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代,和
R17是氢、C1-C18烷基或C6-C12芳基,
条件是基团R13~R16中的至少一个是C1-C18烷基,和基团R13~R16中的至少一个是C6-C12芳基,其中所述基团在每种情况下可以被芳基、烷基、芳氧基、烷氧基、杂原子和/或杂环取代。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合物或根据权利要求3所述的涂料,其中共引发剂(B)是下式表示的化合物:
R21-I+-R22 AnB-
其中
R21和R22是任选被取代的芳基,和
AnB-是阴离子。
11.根据权利要求1~10任一项所述的混合物在可辐射固化的涂料、油漆体系、交通标记、车辆、飞机或汽车透明涂层或外涂层中的用途,或用于固化建筑材料、砖、渣块、人造石、样板、石膏或用于其涂层目的的涂料的用途。
12.一种制备包含至少一种粘合剂(D)和/或至少一种活性稀释剂(E)的可辐射固化的涂料的方法,包括将粘合剂(D)和/或活性稀释剂(E)与根据权利要求1~10任一项所述的混合物混合。
13.一种制备包含至少一种粘合剂(D)和/或至少一种活性稀释剂(E)的可辐射固化的涂料的方法,包括将粘合剂(D)和/或活性稀释剂(E)与至少一种如权利要求1定义的式1/m Anm-Cya+表示的组分(A)混合,和另外单独地与至少一种组分(B)混合,所述组分(B)选自由被烷基取代的硼酸盐、锍盐、碘盐、砜、过氧化物、吡啶N-氧化物和卤代甲基三嗪。
14.一种通过采用NIR辐射进行辐射来固化涂料的方法,NIR辐射包含至少一种NIR光引发剂和至少一种可自由基聚合的化合物,所述方法包括在低于18kPa的氧分压下进行辐射。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述固化在包含至少一种惰性气体的气氛下进行。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004058584A DE102004058584A1 (de) | 2004-12-03 | 2004-12-03 | Strahlungshärtbare Beschichtungsmassen |
DE102004058584.9 | 2004-12-03 | ||
PCT/EP2005/012795 WO2006058731A2 (de) | 2004-12-03 | 2005-12-01 | Strahlungshärtbare beschichtungsmassen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101069129A true CN101069129A (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
CN101069129B CN101069129B (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
Family
ID=36228678
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2005800415850A Expired - Fee Related CN101069129B (zh) | 2004-12-03 | 2005-12-01 | 可辐射固化的涂料 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100126386A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1820064A2 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP4896886B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101069129B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102004058584A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006058731A2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101825843A (zh) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-08 | 株式会社东进世美肯 | 感光性树脂组合物 |
CN102216400A (zh) * | 2008-11-12 | 2011-10-12 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 可辐射固化涂料 |
CN107300830A (zh) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 常州强力电子新材料股份有限公司 | 一种新型光固化组合物及其应用 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007053198A1 (de) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-21 | Basf Ag | Photoinitiatoren für strahlungshärtbare Beschichtungsmassen |
EP1995285A1 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-26 | Hexion Specialty Chemicals Research Belgium S.A. | Photocurable compositions for road marking paint |
EP2178970B1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2011-02-23 | Basf Se | Flame retardant thermoplastic molding compositions |
WO2009037115A1 (de) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-26 | Basf Se | Transparente und zähsteife formmassen auf basis von styrol-butadien-blockcopolymermischungen |
EP2098367A1 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Sensitizer/Initiator Combination for Negative-Working Thermal-Sensitive Compositions Usable for Lithographic Plates |
US8729307B2 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2014-05-20 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Photoresponsive ionic organic compound, method of producing the same, and photoresponsive carbon nanotube dispersant comprising said ionic organic compound |
EP2450893A1 (de) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-09 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Photopolymer-Formulierung zur Herstellung holographischer Medien mit hoch vernetzten Matrixpolymeren |
WO2016207155A1 (de) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Holographische medien enthaltend ketten-substituierte cyaninfarbstoffe |
WO2019039136A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-02-28 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 着色組成物、硬化膜、パターン形成方法、カラーフィルタ、固体撮像素子および画像表示装置 |
EP3501837A1 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-26 | Université de Haute Alsace | Thermal amplification of free radical polymerization induced by red to near-infrared irradiation |
EP3981841B1 (de) * | 2020-10-06 | 2024-07-31 | Sika Technology AG | Bodenbelag enthaltend uv-nachweisbare grundierung |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3677527D1 (de) | 1985-11-20 | 1991-03-21 | Mead Corp | Ionische farbstoffe als initiatoren enthaltende fotosensitive materialien. |
US4743531A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dye sensitized photographic imaging system |
US5057393A (en) | 1989-07-10 | 1991-10-15 | The Mead Corporation | Dye branched-alkyl borate photoinitiators |
JPH0559291A (ja) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-09 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | シアニン色素 |
US5346801A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-09-13 | Konica Corporation | Method of forming images |
JPH08231617A (ja) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-09-10 | Showa Denko Kk | 光硬化性組成物の硬化方法 |
US5541235A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-07-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Organic soluble cationic dyes with fluorinated alkylsulfonyl counterions |
AU717137B2 (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 2000-03-16 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Borate coinitiators for photopolymerization |
TW466256B (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 2001-12-01 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Borate photoinitiator compounds and compositions comprising the same |
JPH1081838A (ja) * | 1996-07-16 | 1998-03-31 | Showa Denko Kk | 光硬化性材料及びその硬化方法 |
JPH111626A (ja) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-01-06 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | メチン系化合物 |
US6014930A (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 2000-01-18 | Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc | Single layer direct write lithographic printing plates |
JP4037015B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-22 | 2008-01-23 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光重合性組成物、画像形成材料及び平版印刷版用版材 |
US6511790B2 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2003-01-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Alkaline liquid developer for lithographic printing plate and method for preparing lithographic printing plate |
EP1314725B1 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2008-03-19 | Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Sulfonium salt compound |
US6548222B2 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2003-04-15 | Gary Ganghui Teng | On-press developable thermosensitive lithographic printing plates |
JP2002122988A (ja) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-26 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 光重合性組成物及び光重合性平版印刷版 |
EP1359008B1 (de) | 2002-04-29 | 2005-08-31 | Agfa-Gevaert | Strahlungsempfindliches Gemisch, damit hergestelltes Aufzeichnungsmaterial, und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckplatte |
JP2003113329A (ja) * | 2002-07-25 | 2003-04-18 | Sony Corp | 疎水化カチオン染料及びこれを用いた熱転写インクリボン |
-
2004
- 2004-12-03 DE DE102004058584A patent/DE102004058584A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-12-01 EP EP05850218A patent/EP1820064A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-01 US US11/720,788 patent/US20100126386A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-01 CN CN2005800415850A patent/CN101069129B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-01 JP JP2007543769A patent/JP4896886B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-01 WO PCT/EP2005/012795 patent/WO2006058731A2/de active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-04-18 JP JP2011092059A patent/JP2011149029A/ja active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102216400A (zh) * | 2008-11-12 | 2011-10-12 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 可辐射固化涂料 |
CN102216400B (zh) * | 2008-11-12 | 2013-12-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 可辐射固化涂料 |
CN101825843A (zh) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-08 | 株式会社东进世美肯 | 感光性树脂组合物 |
CN101825843B (zh) * | 2009-03-02 | 2013-12-04 | 株式会社东进世美肯 | 感光性树脂组合物、tft-lcd及tft-lcd用层间有机绝缘膜形成方法 |
CN107300830A (zh) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 常州强力电子新材料股份有限公司 | 一种新型光固化组合物及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004058584A1 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
CN101069129B (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
JP2008521982A (ja) | 2008-06-26 |
WO2006058731A2 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
WO2006058731A3 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
EP1820064A2 (de) | 2007-08-22 |
JP2011149029A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
US20100126386A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
JP4896886B2 (ja) | 2012-03-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101069129A (zh) | 可辐射固化的涂料 | |
CN1157359C (zh) | 非挥发性苯基乙醛酸酯 | |
CN1162450C (zh) | 新型氧化膦光引发体系及浅色可固化组合物 | |
CN1168700C (zh) | 环状胺取代的苯基烷基酮和其制备方法 | |
CN1142944C (zh) | 光敏引发剂配制剂 | |
CN1198831C (zh) | 有机金属单酰基烷基膦化合物 | |
KR101640216B1 (ko) | 방사선 경화성 코팅 물질 | |
CN1078592C (zh) | 用于光聚合的酸稳定硼酸盐 | |
CN1092201C (zh) | 烷基苯基二酰基氧化膦及光引发剂混合物 | |
CN1200943C (zh) | 有机金属-酰基芳基膦 | |
NL1004597C2 (nl) | Boraat-co-initiatoren voor fotopolymerisatie. | |
CN1649905A (zh) | 可引入的光敏引发剂 | |
CN1545643A (zh) | 红移单-和双-酰基氧化膦和硫化膦及其作为光引发剂的应用 | |
CN1209442A (zh) | 由α-氨基苯乙酮光致生成胺 | |
CN1367213A (zh) | 可光致固化的水性树脂组合物、油墨、记录单元、墨盒、喷墨记录装置以及光聚合引发剂 | |
CN1130632A (zh) | 烷氧基苯基取代的氧化二酰基膦 | |
CN101523289A (zh) | 包含苯甲酰甲酸酯型光引发剂的可光固化组合物 | |
CN1708488A (zh) | 光引发剂的贮存稳定性的改善 | |
CN1434060A (zh) | 由聚硼烷得到的硼酸盐光引发剂 | |
CN1217725A (zh) | 可聚合的组合物 | |
JP2013256487A (ja) | (メタ)アクリル酸エステル、活性エネルギー線硬化型組成物、インクジェット記録用インク | |
CN1306339C (zh) | 增感色素的制造方法及使用其的感光性组合物 | |
US20150329662A1 (en) | Alkylphenyl derivatives and application thereof as photoinitiator | |
US20030170400A1 (en) | Low chroma, dark photo-curable compositions | |
CN1871200A (zh) | 粉未状白色固体光引发剂及其制备 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20101208 Termination date: 20171201 |