CN101023159B - 洗衣处理组合物 - Google Patents

洗衣处理组合物 Download PDF

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CN101023159B
CN101023159B CN2005800317025A CN200580031702A CN101023159B CN 101023159 B CN101023159 B CN 101023159B CN 2005800317025 A CN2005800317025 A CN 2005800317025A CN 200580031702 A CN200580031702 A CN 200580031702A CN 101023159 B CN101023159 B CN 101023159B
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S·N·巴彻洛尔
J·M·伯德
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/40Dyes ; Pigments
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
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    • D06P1/16General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
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    • D06P1/44General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种包含疏水染料的处理组合物。

Description

洗衣处理组合物 
技术领域
本发明涉及包含染料的洗衣处理组合物。 
发明背景 
含聚酯纤维的服装随处可见。许多服装为白色,但是在这些服装的使用期间,白色变得暗淡,降低了服装的美感。需要保持这些服装的洁白外观,使得尽可能长久地保持美感。 
在现代洗涤方法中使用漂白剂、荧光增白剂和调整色光剂(shading agent)保持白度。目前可得的荧光增白剂和调整色光剂在聚酯纤维服装中的淀积程度不明显。所有纤维可经过漂白过程,但是时间一长,这种处理会导致服装的色调变黄。 
需要保持和增强含聚酯服装的白色外观的技术。 
发明概述 
已知本文公开的染料在高温下进行的工业方法中与高浓度染料和分散剂一起用于染色纺织品。令人惊讶的是,在低染料和表面活性剂含量和常规的洗涤温度下这些染料可用于调整色光。我们已经发现疏水染料在标准家庭洗涤条件下对聚酯纤维具有直接染色性。该染料在低含量下提供调整色光的增白效果。 
本发明的一个方面提供了一种洗衣处理组合物,所述组合物包含0.0001-0.1%重量的选自苯并二呋喃、次甲基、三苯基甲烷、萘二甲酰亚胺、吡唑、萘醌和单偶氮或双偶氮染料的疏水染料,以及2-60%重量的表面活性剂。优选所述染料为单偶氮染料。 
本发明的另一方面提供了一种处理纺织品的方法,所述方法包括 以下步骤:(i)用疏水染料的水溶液处理纺织品,所述水溶液包含1ppb-6ppm的疏水染料和0.2g/L-3g/L的表面活性剂;和(ii)漂洗并干燥所述纺织品。优选所述水溶液的离子强度为0.001-0.5。优选所述疏水染料的存在量为10ppb-200ppb。在另一方面中,优选所述水溶液还包含1ppb-5ppm的一种或多种选自为水解活性染料、酸性染料和直接染料的棉直接染色性调整色光染料的其他染料。 
本文所用的“单位剂量”是指用于某种类型洗涤、调理或必要处理步骤的所述洗衣处理组合物的特定的量。单位剂量可为规定体积的粉末、颗粒或片剂或单位剂量洗涤剂液体形式。 
发明详述 
知名的染料供应商可见染料索引,包括Clariant、Dystar、Ciba和BASF。 
疏水染料定义为在400-750nm的波长范围内最大消光系数大于1000L/mol/cm并且在pH为7-11的水溶液中不带电荷的有机化合物。所述疏水染料不含极性增溶基团。特别是所述疏水染料不含任何磺酸、羧酸或季铵基团。优选所述染料生色团选自:偶氮、次甲基、吡唑、萘醌、酞菁和三苯基甲烷生色团。最优选为偶氮染料生色团。 
疏水染料的许多实例见溶剂染料类和分散染料类疏水染料。 
白色服装的色光调整可根据消费者的喜好采用任何颜色来进行。蓝色和紫色为特别优选的色调,因此优选的染料或染料混合物为在白色聚酯上呈蓝色或紫色色调的染料或染料混合物。 
优选所述染料的吸收波长峰值为550nm-650nm,优选为570nm-630nm。可使用各种染料的组合,这些染料组合在一起时,与在聚酯上吸收波长峰值为550nm-650nm、优选为570nm-630nm的单种染料相比,在人眼看来具有相同的视觉效果。例如这种组合可通过混合红色和绿-蓝色染料得到蓝色或紫色色调。 
可用各种各样适合的溶剂染料和分散染料。但是具体的毒理学 研究表明这类染料中的许多为可能的致癌物,不优选这类染料。 
优选的单偶氮染料具有下式的结构: 
Figure A20058003170200071
其中R3和R4为任选包含醚(-O-)或酯连接基的任选取代的C2-C12烷基链,所述链任选被-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2和-SO2CH3取代;D表示芳族或杂芳族基团。优选D选自氮杂噻吩、氮杂苯并噻唑和氮杂吡啶酮。 
优选R3为-CH2CH2R5,R4为-CH2CH2R6,R5和R6独立选自:H、-CN、-OH、-C6H5、-OCOR7和-COOR7,R7独立选自芳基和烷基。优选的芳基为-C6H5和C10H7。 
以下为一类优选的单偶氮染料的实例: 
Figure G05831702520070322D000031
其中X和Y独立选自-H、-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2和-SO2CH3; 
A选自-H、-CH3、-Cl和-NHCOR; 
B选自-H、-OCH3、-OC2H5和-Cl; 
R1和R2独立选自-H、-CN、-OH、-OCOR、-COOR、-芳基;和 
R为C1-C8-烷基。 
以下为优选的偶氮染料:分散蓝10、11、12、21、30、33、36、38、42、43、44、47、79、79:1、79:2、79:3、82、85、88、90、94、96、100、101、102、106、106:1、121、122、124、125、128、130、133、137、138、139、142、146、148、149、165、165:1、165:2、165:3、171、173、174、175、177、183、187、189、193、194、200、201、 202、205、206、207、209、210、211、212、219、220、222、224、225、248、252、253、254、255、256、257、258、259、260、264、265、266、267、268、269、270、278、279、281、283、284、285、286、287、290、291、294、295、301、303、304、305、313、315、316、317、319、321、322、324、328、330、333、335、336、337、338、339、340、341、342、343、344、345、346、351、352、353、355、356、358、360、366、367、368、369、371、373、374、375、376和378;分散紫2、3、5、6、7、9、10、12、13、16、24、25、33、39、42、43、45、48、49、50、53、54、55、58、60、63、66、69、75、76、77、82、86、88、91、92、93、93:1、94、95、96、97、98、99、100、102、103、104、106或107;Dianix violet cc;CAS登记号为42783-06-2、210758-04-6、104366-25-8、122063-39-2、167940-11-6、52239-04-0、105076-77-5、84425-43-4和87606-56-2的染料。 
以下为优选的非偶氮染料:分散蓝250、354、364、366、溶剂紫8、溶剂蓝43、溶剂蓝57、Lumogen F Blau 650和Lumogen F Violet570。 
优选所述染料为荧光增白剂。 
所述组合物还可包含0.0001-0.1%重量的一种或多种选自为水解活性染料、酸性染料和直接染料的棉直接染色性调整色光染料的其他染料。 
余量载体和助剂成分
除了染料,所述洗衣处理组合物还包含为全部组合物重量的余量的载体和助剂成分。 
这些成分例如可为表面活性剂、助洗剂、生泡剂、消泡剂、溶剂、荧光增白剂、漂白剂和酶。根据成本、环境因素和组合物的用途来使用这些组分以及确定其用量。 
所述组合物可包含表面活性剂和任选的其他常规洗涤剂成分。所述组合物还可包含加酶洗涤剂组合物,所述加酶洗涤剂组合物包含占总洗涤剂组合物重量的0.1-50%的一种或多种表面活性剂。而这种表面活性剂体系可包含0-95%重量的一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂和5-1 00%重量的一种或多种非离子表面活性剂。所述表面活性剂体系可另外包含两性或两性离子洗涤剂化合物,但是由于其成本较高,通常不希望这样做。本发明的含酶洗涤剂组合物通常以在水中的约0.05-2%重量的稀释液形式使用。 
优选所述组合物包含2-60%重量的表面活性剂,最优选为10-30%重量。通常可从“Surface Active Agents(表面活性剂)”第1卷,Schwartz&Perry;Interscience 1949,第2卷,Schwartz Perry&Berch;Interscience1958;Manufacturing Confectioners Company出版的最新版的“McCutcheon’s Emulsfiers and Detergents(McCutcheon乳化剂和表面活性剂)”或者“Tenside-Taschenbuch”,H.Stache,第2版,Carl HauserVerlag,1981中所述的表面活性剂中选择体系中的非离子和阴离子表面活性剂。 
可用的适合的非离子洗涤剂化合物包括特别是具有疏水基团与活性氢原子的化合物(例如脂肪醇、脂肪酸、脂肪酰胺或烷基酚)与环氧烷(特别是单独的环氧乙烷或者环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷的混合物)的反应产物。具体的非离子洗涤剂化合物为C6-C22烷基酚-环氧乙烷缩合物,通常包含5-25个EO,即每分子5-25个环氧乙烷单元,以及C8-C18伯或仲直链或支链脂肪醇与环氧乙烷(通常5-40个EO)的缩合产物。 
可用的适合的阴离子洗涤剂化合物通常为具有包含约8-约22个碳原子的烷基的水溶性碱金属的有机硫酸盐和磺酸盐,使用的术语烷基包括高级酰基的烷基部分。适合的合成阴离子洗涤剂化合物的实例有烷基硫酸钠和烷基硫酸钾,特别是通过硫酸盐化C8-C18高级醇(例如得自牛油或椰油的醇)得到的那些;烷基C9-C20苯磺酸钠盐和 钾盐,特别是直链仲烷基C10-C15苯磺酸钠;以及烷基甘油基醚硫酸钠,特别是衍生自牛油或椰油的高级醇和衍生自石油的合成醇的那些醚。优选的阴离子洗涤剂化合物为C11-C15烷基苯磺酸钠和C12-C18 烷基硫酸钠。可用的表面活性剂还有例如EP-A-328 177(Unilever)中所述的表现出耐盐析性的那些,EP-A-070 074描述的烷基多葡糖苷表面活性剂,以及烷基单葡糖苷。 
优选的表面活性剂体系为阴离子洗涤剂活性物与非离子洗涤剂活性物的混合物,特别是EP-A-346 995(Unilever)中提到的阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂的类型和实例。特别优选的表面活性剂体系为C16-C18伯醇硫酸碱金属盐与C12-C15伯醇3-7EO乙氧基化物的混合物。 
优选非离子洗涤剂大于表面活性剂体系重量的10%,例如为25-90%重量。阴离子表面活性剂例如可为表面活性剂体系重量的约5-约40%。 
阳离子化合物
当本发明用作织物调理剂时,需要包含阳离子化合物。 
最优选的阳离子化合物为季铵化合物。 
最好季铵化合物为具有至少一个C12-C22烷基链的季铵化合物。 
优选所述季铵化合物具有下式的结构: 
Figure A20058003170200101
其中R1为C12-C22烷基或链烯基链;R2、R3和R4独立选自C1-C4 烷基链且X-为相容的阴离子。优选的该类化合物为溴化十六烷基三甲基铵季铵化合物。 
用于本发明的第二类物质为上述结构的季铵,其中R1和R2独立选自C12-C22烷基或链烯基链;R3和R4独立选自C1-C4烷基链且X-为相容的阴离子。 
权利要求1的洗涤剂组合物中(ii)阳离子物质与(iv)阴离子表面活性剂的比率至少为2∶1。 
其他适合的季铵化合物见述于EP 0 239 910(Proctor&Gamble)。 
优选阳离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂的比率为1∶100-50∶50,更优选为1∶50-20∶50。 
阳离子化合物可为组合物总重量的0.02-20%。 
优选阳离子化合物可为组合物总重量的0.05-15%,更优选为组合物总重量的0.2-5%,最优选为组合物总重量的0.4-2.5%。 
如果产物为液体,优选阳离子表面活性剂为组合物总重量的0.05-10%。优选阳离子化合物可为组合物总重量的0.2-5%,最优选为组合物总重量的0.4-2.5%。 
如果产物为固体,优选阳离子表面活性剂为组合物总重量的0.05-15%。更优选为组合物总重量的0.2-10%,最优选为组合物总重量的0.9-3.0%。 
漂白类物质
所述洗衣处理组合物可包含漂白物质。漂白物质例如可选自过硼酸盐和过碳酸盐。可通过使用活化剂进一步增强这些过氧基类物质的效果,活化剂例如为TAED或SNOBS。或者可用过渡金属催化剂代替活化剂与过氧基类物质一起使用,或者除了活化剂外还将过渡金属催化剂与过氧基类物质一起使用。过渡金属催化剂还可用在没有过氧基类物质的情况下,此时漂白通过大气中的氧来进行,例如参见WO02/48301。光漂白剂(包括单线态氧光漂白剂)可与所述洗衣处理组合物一起使用。优选的光漂白剂为维生素K3。 
荧光增白剂
最优选所述洗衣处理组合物包含荧光增白剂。荧光增白剂为人们所公知,许多这类荧光增白剂市售可得。通常这些荧光增白剂以 其碱金属盐(例如钠盐)形式供应和使用。用于洗衣处理组合物的一种或多种荧光增白剂的总量通常可为0.005-2%重量,更优选为0.01-0.1%重量。优选的荧光增白剂种类有:二苯乙烯基联苯化合物,例如Tinopal(商标)CBS-X;二氨基-二苯乙烯二-磺酸化合物,例如TinopalDMS pure Xtra和Blankophor(商标)HRH,以及吡唑啉类化合物如Blankophor SN。优选的荧光增白剂有2-(4-苯乙烯基-3-钠代磺酸基苯基)-2H-萘并[1,2-d]三唑(trazole)、4,4’-双{[(4-苯氨基-6-(N-甲基-N-2-羟乙基)氨基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)]氨基}二苯乙烯-2,2’-二磺酸二钠、4,4’-双{[(4-苯氨基-6-吗啉代-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)]氨基}二苯乙烯-2,2’-二磺酸二钠和4,4’-双(2-钠代磺酸基二苯乙烯基(slyryl))联苯。 
实施例 
实施例1 
制备下表所列各种染料约1000ppm的乙醇溶液。 
制备1.8g/L的基础洗涤粉在水中的储备溶液。该洗涤粉包含18%的NaLAS、73%的盐(硅酸盐、三聚磷酸钠、硫酸盐、碳酸盐)、3%的少量部分(包括过硼酸盐、荧光增白剂和酶),余量为杂质和水。将该溶液分成100ml的等份,加入乙醇溶液形式的溶剂染料,得到5.8ppm的溶液。将1g纯聚酯织造织物加入各洗涤溶液中,随后将溶液振摇30分钟,漂洗并干燥。由织物的颜色清楚地看到染料已经淀积在织物上。为了进行定量分析,使用反射光谱仪测定颜色并用与经同样洗涤但未使用染料的聚酯的E值之差(ΔE)表示。 
结果如下: 
Figure A20058003170200131
实施例2 
制备下表所列各种染料在乙醇中的浓度为50ppm的溶液。浓度是指从供应商处所得染料的浓度。通常溶剂染料为纯的(>90%),分散染料的纯度为20-50%. 
制备1.8g/L的基础洗涤粉在水中的储备溶液。该洗涤粉包含18%的NaLAS、73%的盐(硅酸盐、三聚磷酸钠、硫酸盐、碳酸盐)、3% 的少量部分(包括过硼酸盐、荧光增白剂和酶),余量为杂质和水。将该溶液分成100ml的等份,加入乙醇溶液形式的溶剂染料,快速搅拌得到200ppb的溶液。将1g纯聚酯的机织织物加入各洗涤溶液中,随后将溶液振摇30分钟,漂洗并干燥。由织物的颜色清楚地看到染料已经淀积在织物上。为了进行定量分析,使用反射光谱仪测定颜色并用与经同样洗涤但未使用染料的聚酯的E值之差(ΔE)表示。洗涤之后测定织物的Ganz白度(见“assessment of Whiteness and Tint ofFluorescent Substrates with Good Instrument Correlation(具有良好的仪器相关性的荧光底材的白度和色调的评估)”,Colour Research andApplication 19,1994)。 
使用尼龙针织织物重复实验。 
结果见下表: 
Figure G05831702520070322D000111
表中备注: 
Ganz白度精确至+/-5单位。 
所有的ΔE测定为排UV(UV excluded)测定。 
给定染料仅用其结构式表示。 
光学密度OD为10cm、200ppb的水溶液的光学密度。为了精确起见,该值由较高浓度乙醇溶液的测定值外推得到。 
CT为从洗涤溶液至聚酯的色转移(Colour Transfer)的量度,定义为: 
CT=ΔE/OD 
从表中的ΔE结果可见所有染料均对聚酯进行了着色。 
从Ganz白度结果可见,蓝色或紫色染料增加了白度。黑色和红色染料减小了白度。 
Lumogen染料增加了对聚酯的荧光增白作用,这点用目视观察光箱中用紫外线照射的样品发现。 
实施例3 
重复实施例2的实验,但使用40ppb以下所列染料。染液与织物的比率变为30∶1,并由43%的聚酯织造织物和57%非丝光棉阔幅平布组成。对于分散蓝79∶1,聚酯的Ganz白度为89。在棉上也可观察到增白效果。使用尼龙重复实验,也达到同样的效果。 

Claims (14)

1.一种处理纺织品的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(i)用疏水染料的水溶液处理纺织品,所述水溶液包含1ppb-5ppm的疏水染料和0.2g/L-3g/L的表面活性剂;和
(ii)漂洗并干燥所述纺织品,
其中所述疏水染料选自苯并二呋喃、次甲基、三苯基甲烷、萘二甲酰亚胺、吡唑、萘醌、单偶氮和双偶氮染料,其中所述染料淀积在白色聚酯上时呈蓝色或紫色色调。
2.权利要求1的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述疏水染料为分散染料或溶剂染料。
3.权利要求1或2的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述染料为单偶氮染料。
4.权利要求3的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述单偶氮染料选自下式的化合物:
Figure FSB00000254404800011
其中R3和R4为任选包含醚(-O-)或酯连接基的任选取代的C2-C12烷基链,所述链任选被-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2和-SO2CH3取代;D表示芳族或杂芳族基团。
5.权利要求3的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述单偶氮染料选自下式的化合物:
Figure FSB00000254404800012
其中R3为-CH2CH2R5,R4为-CH2CH2R6,R5和R6独立选自H、-CN、-OH、-C6H5、-OCOR7和-COOR7,其中R7独立选自芳基和烷基;D表示芳族或杂芳族基团。
6.权利要求5的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述R7的芳基为-C6H5或C10H7
7.权利要求4或5的处理纺织品的方法,其中D选自氮杂噻吩、氮杂苯并噻唑和氮杂吡啶酮。
8.权利要求3的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述单偶氮染料具有下式的结构:
Figure FSB00000254404800021
其中X和Y独立选自-H、-Cl、-Br、-CN、-NO2和-SO2CH3
A选自-H、-CH3、-Cl和-NHCOR;
B选自-H、-OCH3、-OC2H5和-Cl;
R1和R2独立选自-H、-CN、-OH、-OCOR、-COOR、-芳基;和
R为C1-C8-烷基。
9.权利要求1的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述染料选自:分散蓝10、11、12、21、30、33、36、38、42、43、44、47、79、79:1、79:2、79:3、82、85、88、90、94、96、100、101、102、106、106:1、121、122、124、125、128、130、133、137、138、139、142、146、148、149、165、165:1、165:2、165:3、171、173、174、175、177、183、187、189、193、194、200、201、202、205、206、207、209、210、211、212、219、220、224、225、248、252、253、254、255、256、257、258、259、260、264、265、266、267、268、269、270、278、279、281、283、284、285、286、287、290、291、294、295、301、304、305、313、315、316、317、319、321、322、324、328、330、333、335、336、337、338、339、340、341、342、343、344、345、346、351、352、353、355、356、358、360、366、367、368、369、371、373、374、375、376和378;分散紫2、3、5、6、7、9、10、12、13、16、24、25、33、39、42、43、45、48、49、50、53、54、55、58、60、63、66、69、75、76、77、82、86、88、91、92、93、93:1、94、95、96、97、98、99、100、102、104、106或107;Dianixviolet cc;以及CAS登记号为42783-06-2、210758-04-6、104366-25-8、122063-39-2、167940-11-6、52239-04-0、105076-77-5、84425-43-4和87606-56-2的染料。
10.权利要求1的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述染料选自:分散蓝250、354、364、366;溶剂紫8;溶剂蓝43;溶剂蓝57;LumogenF Blau 650和Lumogen F Violet 570。
11.权利要求1-2中任一项的处理纺织品的方法,其中所选染料为荧光增白剂。
12.权利要求1-2中任一项的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述疏水染料的水溶液包含0.005-2%重量的非所述染料的荧光增白剂。
13.权利要求1-2中任一项的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述疏水染料的存在量为10ppb-200ppb。
14.权利要求1-2中任一项的处理纺织品的方法,其中所述水溶液包含1ppb-6ppm的一种或多种选自为水解活性染料、酸性染料和直接染料的棉直接染色性调整色光染料的其他染料。
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