CN1009447B - 把纸板粘上物品形成包装的超声熔焊 - Google Patents
把纸板粘上物品形成包装的超声熔焊Info
- Publication number
- CN1009447B CN1009447B CN87102204A CN87102204A CN1009447B CN 1009447 B CN1009447 B CN 1009447B CN 87102204 A CN87102204 A CN 87102204A CN 87102204 A CN87102204 A CN 87102204A CN 1009447 B CN1009447 B CN 1009447B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mentioned
- container
- flange
- tip
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
- B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
- B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
- B29C65/7867—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using carriers, provided with holding means, said carriers moving in a closed path
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
- B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
- B29C65/787—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/135—Single hemmed joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being hemmed in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
- B29C66/73521—Thickness, e.g. very thin of different thickness, i.e. the thickness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thickness of the other part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
- B29C66/81435—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
- B29C66/83531—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
- B29C66/92613—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools the gap being kept constant over time
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1034—Overedge bending of lamina about edges of sheetlike base
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Package Closures (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Abstract
一种把纸板的一部分和至少一个有法兰的容器固定的超声熔焊机构和方法,其中需固定的表面适于超声熔焊。本机构包括一弹性安装的超声头以及和该头的尖端隔开布置的一系列可动砧件,该砧件逐一相对于超声头移动。有移动容器和纸板的装置,重叠着要熔焊的各表面和砧件一起纵向地通过超声头尖端时,就进行超声熔焊。在熔焊时超声头尖端和砧件间的间隙被保持成大体上不变。
Description
本发明关于一种用超声熔焊把材料粘接在一起的方法和机构,特别适于制成一种多格的包装,形成一组有外伸法兰的容器,其上用一块纸板以超声熔焊用来固定。
美国专利3,562,041号公开了一种超声熔焊方法,其中一对要相互熔焊的材料和砧板一起通过超声头尖端下面。在这个装置中,材料(和砧板)横向地通过超声头尖端,所以材料经受超声冲击的接触时间受超声头尖端的宽度限制。此外,超声头尖端被置于熔焊操作时和砧板的并列表面一个固定距离上。
用沿着焊缝延伸的长形超声头熔焊装置如美国专利3,088,343中所示。
本发明寻求在相对快速的操作下得到满意的焊接强度。在这方面,要记住在焊接强度和超声头下材料的接触时间以及超声头尖端和砧板间的间隙之间有着直接的关系。本发明的一个优点是在整个熔焊过程中基本上保持不变的间隙,而材料之一的厚度由于焊接过程中某种程度的熔化而有变化。
本发明一方面提供了一种方法以形成一种包装,即把一块纸板或类似的可摺合片料固定在容器的顶部,容器用热塑材料制成,并在顶部有相对的向外伸出的法兰,该块纸板包括一个顶板和可摺地连在该顶板边缘的固定条,该方法包括下列步骤:
(a)把该纸板放在该容器的顶部,使顶板盖住该容器的顶部而该些固定条伸出法兰之外,
(b)把该纸板的该些固定条摺成和该些法兰的底侧接触,使至少该些法兰的一部分被夹住该顶板的一部分和该些固定条之间以形成重叠的边缘部分。
(c)对该些重叠的边缘部分施压,同时把该些部分置于超声能中,因而该些固定条的内表面和该些容器法兰焊接。
本发明的一个实施例将以示例的形式参照附图来说明,其中:
图1 是一部机器的概略透视图,该机器用来把一块纸板放置、摺叠和超声熔焊于一组容器上以形成包装;
图1a至1d是概略剖面端视图,连续地显示纸板被放置、摺叠和熔焊到容器组上的情形;
图2 是图1中所示机器配用的超声熔焊机构的概略透视图;
图3 是图2中所示机构的部分剖视概略端视图;
图4 是图2和图3中的机构所用的砧板之一的放大的透视图;
图5 是按照本发明的适用于一组容器上的纸板的平面图;
图5a是按照本发明形成的完整包装的一个透视图。
先看图5,一个长纸板1用卡纸或类似的可摺片料做成,它包括一个带有分开的孔a和a1的顶板2。固定条3和4各自沿着摺叠线5和6铰接在相应的顶板长边上。一个侧7沿着摺叠线9铰接在固定条3上,一个侧板8沿着摺叠线10铰接在固定条4上。
为了制成图5a中所示的完整包装,纸板1被放在一组容器‘C’上,使顶板2置于一组容器的顶部,并使各固定条3和4沿摺叠线5,9和6,10摺叠,贴住和熔焊于各排(R和R)容器法兰‘f’的底面。这个下面还要详细说明的摺叠操作把各侧板7和8在色文的各侧贴紧各容器的各露出面。
现在看图1和图1a至图1d,这里画出的包装机‘M’用来把纸板1连续地放到一组物品上,纸板1也可被放到带有封盖的单个容器上;或者
单排容器上;或更多情况下一组排成两排或多排平行排列的容器上。在这个实施例中纸板被放在一组八个塑料容器上,它们被四个一排地排成两排R1,R2。容器都是杯形,在它们的顶部各有向外伸出的法兰‘f’,各容器都以顶部法兰‘f’的一部分和一组中最靠近的容器固定。这种带法兰杯的这种固定布置在出售的大众化食品上是众所周知的,例如酸乳酪和甜品。在这一组中的每一个杯可以很容易地利用沿着在相应的顶部法兰间的薄弱连接而拆下来。
在机器‘M’的进料端,相应于箭头‘F’的地方,有一个进料平台12,一个容器组‘G1’就在此上被支持并传送着。平台12上装有向上的中央导轨12a以防止容器组‘G1’从进料平台上横向滑落下来。流水线调节装置包括一个水平旋转轮14,它被沿着进料平台布置,它的外周上做成有整圈的一组凸出14a。这些凸出被分开成能在每组容器的各容器之间插入,当这组容器通过轮时就能调节它的线速度。同样的一个流水线调节器可以装在轮14对面的靠近进料平台12的地方。
在‘G2’位置上的容器组被一个时规装置16啮合并进一步沿着进料平台传送,时规装置16包括一个环形时规链16a,它绕在水平布置的分开的两个链轮16b和16c上。时规链上装有一系列的大体上L形的凸片16d,各啮合着容器组的尾缘,所以容器组‘G2’被沿着进料平台推送并连续到达移动传送装置20的上面,这马上就会说到。在位置‘G2’上,一块纸板‘B2’被从装在进料平台上方的斗(未示出)中的纸板供源‘B1’放到容器组‘G2’上。纸板‘B1’被一个已知的旋转进料装置18从斗中逐一移出来,该装置18有多个吸杯臂18a。时规装置16和纸板进料装置18是同步的。
当各容器组到达进料传送器上的‘G2’位置时,纸板就逐一地被放在各容器的顶部。同样的时规装置可被装在装置16的对面靠近进料平台和移动传送装置20的地方。
移动传送装置20包括一对并排的环形传送带22和24,它们被一条连
续的中央导轨12a隔开,因而每组中的R1排的各容器座落在一条带上而一组中R2排的各容器座落在相邻的带上。两条带22和24各自被共同在纵向分开的传动轮26和28同速地驱动。
在传送装置20的上方装有平行的顶上传送装置30,它包括一个绕在分开布置的传动轮34和36上的环形带32,轮34和36的轴线平行于传动轮26和28的轴线。各带22、24和32都被同步驱动。带32的下部工作区域分隔布置在带22和24的上部工作区域的上方,其分隔量大约为容器组‘G’的高度。通常,顶上的带是这样放置的,即它的下部工作区域向下地压在下面的容器组上。带32上装有一系列横向的定位杆38,它们成对地分隔开布置,所以一对定位杆38-38a之间的距离大约为容器组的纵长尺寸。带32上还装有一系列的成对的定位销40,每对销被布置在一对定位杆38-38a之间。定位杆和销的作用是保证各纸板被保持在沿着上和下传送装置20和30的工作区域相对于一组容器的正确位置。这样,在容器组‘G3’的位置上,即相应于传送装置20和30的进料端,容器组被定位成它的前端由定位杆38a,它的尾端由定位杆38,而定位销40啮合在纸板的顶板2的两分开的孔a,a中。在图1a中示出容器组在位置‘G3’的概略端视图,图中可见纸板‘B3’的顶板对中地布置着并和容器组的顶部配合,而其两侧板布置在顶板同一水平面中。
当容器组沿流水线路径‘F’流下时,就进入机器的摺叠部分。容器组的纸板就接受首次摺叠操作,侧板7和8以及固定条3和4被摺成大体上相对于顶板垂直向下,如图1b中概略示出。这个首次摺叠操作由固定摺叠杆42来完成的,图中只示出一个,它们被置于传送装置20的各侧。各固定摺叠杆向前向下倾斜,因此当容器组前进时各侧板连同各固定条3和4被顺序地各自沿着摺叠线5和6向下摺。在‘G4’位置的容器组接近这个摺叠操作的完成阶段。在随后的摺叠操作中,需要把纸板的各固定条3、4和容器法兰‘f’的下侧面贴紧,如图1c中所示,准备用超声
熔焊把各固定条焊在各法兰的各下侧面上。这个随后的摺叠操作由摺叠块44来完成,图中只示出一个,它们被置于传送装置20的各侧。各摺叠块44有楔形的上游端,它有向上倾斜的坡面46按着容器组的进料方向而增加高度,接着是一个连续的顶部水平表面48。当容器组前进时,纸板的各固定条被造成和各摺叠块的各坡面接触,使各固定条和它们相连的各侧板被顺序地沿着摺叠线5、9;6、10摺叠,使各固定条被摺过来和各容器法兰贴紧,接着由于摺叠块的顶部水平表面48而被保持在这个摺叠状况。
摺叠块44的水平表面的下游端和超声熔焊区的环形的砧块52组的上部区域相连续。容器组在摺叠操作完成后处于位置‘G5’,包装纸板被置成如图1c中所示,图1d中示出准备熔焊的概略图。
现在再来看图2和图3,一个超声熔焊机构被置于传送器30的两侧,标号为50,但只画出一个。机构50包括一个直立布置着的超声头H,它被装在放大器HA的下端,以作相对于容器组纸板进料路径‘F’的弹性垂直运动。
一组连续的砧块52,是用金属或其他合适的材料制成,被装在环形路径上移动,有一个工作区域‘W’和一个返回区域‘R’。各个块被做成沿着进料路径‘F’逐一通过超声头的下方,因而在工作区域中它们从各容器法兰之下通过并支持着各容器法兰。超声头的尖端HT和各块52在流水线‘F’方向有相同的纵长尺寸。超声头由适当的能源通过放大器HA而激活,以便从它的尖端发出超声波。各块52被固定在环形链56一侧上伸出的凸片54所载送(图3)。链被绕在分开布置的链轮58和60上,并由一个合适的传动源用和卡纸流水线同步的方式驱动。在靠近超声头尖端的工作区域‘W’中,装有一个固定导轨62以支持通过超声头下方的砧块52。
在图2和图3中只是部分地画出容器组G6,其中只画出连着的一排中的一对容器‘C1’和‘C2’,各容器有一个用塑料盖或铝质材料盖密封的
顶部法兰‘f’。
在图1d和图2中示出的纸板‘B6’进入工作区域‘W’。各容器连同上面包着的纸板被沿着进料路径‘F’和各移动砧块52同步地运送。可以见到,各容器法兰(在容器的一侧)包括被包裹物包着的部分通过超声头尖端HT的下方,使法兰下面的固定条3(或4)置于多个砧块的顶部。在超声头位置上砧块52a呈现的那时刻就进行超声熔焊。焊接的超声振动发生于各容器法兰和支持固定条3的砧块52a之间,使条3熔焊于容器法兰的下表面上。
这样,相应于砧块52a呈现于超声头尖端之下而得到各容器法兰和固定条3之间的熔焊。最好各砧块能被布置成相顶着的关系,以产生大体上连续的焊接。当然,为了得到纸板对面一侧的容器和包装纸板的熔焊,一个相同的机构可被置于平行于画出的那个并处于靠近传送装置20对侧的地方,以便焊接包装的对侧。
被发觉的是最好把超声头弹性地安装,使它能沿着它的垂直轴线作垂直移动如箭头V1-V2所示。用此方法,当进行超声熔焊时,超声头尖端能保持一个理想的焊接压力于容器法兰上,当塑料法兰软化和变成流动状态时,能被向下压而补偿法兰熔化造成的重叠区域厚度减少。
为了使超声头具有弹性的垂直运动,一个气压或液压(或其他形式的)减振装置64被沿着熔焊机构50装备着。装置64包括一个可伸缩的腿66,腿66配合着一个从机构50伸出的横臂68,用以使超声头H向下,使超声头尖端HT和各砧块的顶部表面之间在整个熔焊过程中都保持不变的间隙‘g’。间隙‘g’可借助于可调止挡70予先调设于一个所需值。
举例
下面的例子给出一组参数,用以在板/法兰交界面产生合适的焊接,其线速度是52公尺/分钟,整个包装包括一组塑料容器具有2×4个杯子(如图1所示),其包装长度即焊接长度是252mm,其中法兰宽度即焊
接宽度是4.5mm。供给超声发生器的电功率是1.2千瓦,超声头尖端的频率是20,000赫。
1.超声头
长度(尺寸‘l’) =80mm
宽度(尺寸‘y’) =8mm
振幅(尺寸x/y) =74μ
材料 =钛
2.砧块
见图5。各砧块的顶部表面有锯齿形的一系列的横向(相对于流水线路径F)棱,如图5中所示。示出的全部尺寸都是mm。棱的尺寸如下:
a=1.5mm
b=0.75mm
q=12mm
r=25mm
s=10mm
3.超声头/砧块间隙(压力)
在超声熔焊时材料的总厚度
=塑料(法兰)+盖+纸板
=0.97mm+0.04mm+(0.37×2)mm
=1.75mm
间隙‘g’选在0.95mm和1.05mm之间,即0.95mm<g<1.05mm。
超声头尖端HT的上游端可被做成斜角或扩口以便于重叠的侧缘部分移入间隙‘g’。超声头尖端本身可以涂覆四氯乙烯之类的材料以减小重叠的侧缘部分前进时因超声头尖端加压而产生的摩擦。
被发觉到当‘g’大于大体上1.05mm时,焊接强度变得不可接受,而当‘g’小于大体上0.95mm时,在纸板和/或容器盖上会发生缺陷(裂
痕)。
下面的表格给出了一系列加到纸板上的静试验负荷(公斤),刚好使纸板和各容器法兰的塑料材料之间的焊接破坏,它们都有关于合适的法兰/纸板焊接。
压力 间隙‘G’(MM)
(公斤力) 0.95 1.00 1.05
49.60 4.46公斤 3.14公斤 3.3公斤
63.75 4.14公斤 3.26公斤 2.98公斤
73.00 4.7公斤 3.32公斤 3.00公斤
上表中的压力是熔焊过程中由超声头尖端所施加的。
可以想像到包装可以包括单个顶部有相对外伸法兰的容器以别于图5a中所示和说明的多个容器包装。
Claims (9)
1、一种用超声焊接将一个盖固定到敞开顶部的容器上的方法,上述容器由热塑性材料制成,在其顶部有相对向外伸出的法兰,上述盖由纸板或类似材料制成,它具有可折迭地连接到盖边缘上的固定条,该方法的步骤包括:将上述盖放到上述容器的顶部,从而使它盖住容器的顶部,上述固定条伸出法兰外;将固定条折迭成和法兰的下侧贴紧,使至少该法兰的一部分被夹在上述盖和上该固定条之间,以形成重迭的侧缘部分;对上述重迭的侧缘部分加压,并同时使上述部分处于超声能中,从而使固定条的内表面焊接到容器法兰的下侧上,其特征在于;上述超声能是由具有一纵向延伸尖端的固定超声头提供的,并且一个砧件被置于上述尖端的下方并被布置成离开的关系,以便在上述尖端和上述砧件之间形成预定的间隙,该间隙用以接纳上述重迭的侧缘部分;上述砧件安装在连续移动的环形链上。
2、如权利要求1中的方法,其特征为该各步骤都是在一个纵长方向连续运动中完成的。
3、如权利要求2中的方法,其特征为通过可调节和弹性安装的上述超声头把压力加在上述侧缘部分上。
4、如权利要求3中的方法,其特征为上述间隙被设成相应于各重叠的侧缘部分在暴露于超声能前的厚度的大约50%至60%。
5、如权利要求3的方法,其特征为上述超声头尖端的上游端被扩口成便于上述重叠的侧缘部分移入上述间隙中。
6、如权利要求5的方法,其特征为上述超音头的尖端的纵向尺寸大约是80mm,重叠的侧缘部分在上述尖端下方移动的线速度大约是80毫米/每秒。
7、如权利要求6中的方法,其特征为在上述尖端的振动频率是20,000赫。
8、如权利要求7的方法,其特征为该砧件有锯齿形的上部表面。
9、如权利要求1中的方法,其特征为容器包括多个独立的容器,各个容器至少和一个相邻的容器通过向外伸出的顶部法兰相连,因而上述相对的向外伸出的顶部法兰各自大体上是连续的。
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EP0340334A3 (de) * | 1988-05-05 | 1991-03-06 | Drescher Geschäftsdrucke Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von zwei- oder mehrlagigen Papiererzeugnissen |
DE3829307A1 (de) * | 1988-08-30 | 1990-03-08 | 4 P Nicolaus Kempten Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zusammenschweissen von kunststoffoberflaechen |
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-
1986
- 1986-03-18 GB GB868606640A patent/GB8606640D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-03-11 CA CA000531785A patent/CA1272632A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-16 AU AU70060/87A patent/AU587110B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-03-17 MY MYPI87000311A patent/MY100498A/en unknown
- 1987-03-17 ES ES87302249T patent/ES2022332B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-17 AT AT87302249T patent/ATE64347T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-03-17 BR BR8701211A patent/BR8701211A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-03-17 EP EP87302249A patent/EP0238295B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-17 PT PT84499A patent/PT84499B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-03-17 NZ NZ219656A patent/NZ219656A/xx unknown
- 1987-03-17 DE DE8787302249T patent/DE3770665D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-18 JP JP62063648A patent/JPS62235004A/ja active Pending
- 1987-03-18 CN CN87102204A patent/CN1009447B/zh not_active Expired
- 1987-03-18 KR KR1019870002490A patent/KR960009595B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-03-18 US US07/027,375 patent/US4750955A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-03-18 MX MX005611A patent/MX171390B/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR870008686A (ko) | 1987-10-20 |
NZ219656A (en) | 1989-01-06 |
US4750955A (en) | 1988-06-14 |
EP0238295B1 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
AU7006087A (en) | 1987-09-24 |
KR960009595B1 (ko) | 1996-07-23 |
ES2022332B3 (es) | 1991-12-01 |
BR8701211A (pt) | 1987-12-22 |
ATE64347T1 (de) | 1991-06-15 |
MY100498A (en) | 1990-10-30 |
PT84499A (en) | 1987-04-01 |
DE3770665D1 (de) | 1991-07-18 |
MX171390B (es) | 1993-10-22 |
GB8606640D0 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
AU587110B2 (en) | 1989-08-03 |
CA1272632A (en) | 1990-08-14 |
EP0238295A3 (en) | 1988-10-12 |
EP0238295A2 (en) | 1987-09-23 |
PT84499B (pt) | 1989-11-10 |
JPS62235004A (ja) | 1987-10-15 |
CN87102204A (zh) | 1987-09-30 |
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