CN100533763C - 磁隧道结元件结构和用于制造该结构的方法 - Google Patents
磁隧道结元件结构和用于制造该结构的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供了磁隧道结(MTJ)元件结构和用于制造MTJ元件结构的方法。MTJ元件结构(10)可以包括晶体钉扎层(26)、非晶体固定层(30)以及置于晶体钉扎层和非晶体固定层之间的耦合层(28)。非晶体固定层(30)与晶体钉扎层(26)反铁磁耦合。MTJ元件进一步包括自由层(34)以及置于非晶体固定层和自由层之间的隧道势垒层(32)。另一MTJ元件结构(60)可以包括钉扎层(26)、固定层(30)以及置于其之间的非磁耦合层(28)。隧道势垒层(32)被置于固定层(30)和自由层(34)之间。界面层(62)被安置为与隧道势垒层(32)和非晶体材料层(30)相邻。第一界面层(62)包括具有高于非晶体材料(30)的自旋极化的材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明通常涉及磁电子学器件,更具体地,涉及磁隧道结元件结构和用于制造磁隧道结元件结构的方法。
背景技术
磁电子学器件、自旋电子器件和自旋电子学器件是关于使用主要由电子自旋引起的效应的器件的同义词。在许多器件中使用了磁电子学效应,并且其提供了非易失的、可靠的、抗辐射的和高密度的数据存储和调取。许多磁电子学信息器件包括,但不限于,磁随机存取存储器(MRAM),磁传感器和用于盘片驱动器的读/写头。
典型地,磁电子学器件,诸如磁存储器元件,具有包括由至少一个非磁层分隔的多个铁磁层的结构。在磁存储器元件中,信息作为磁层中的磁化矢量的方向而被存储。例如,一个磁层中的磁化矢量是磁固定或钉扎的,而另一磁层的磁化方向自由地在相同和相反的方向之间切换,其分别被称为“平行”和“逆平行”状态。响应平行和逆平行状态,磁存储器元件呈现出两个不同的电阻。当两个磁层的磁化矢量基本上分别指向相同和相反的方向时,电阻具有最小和最大值。因此,检测电阻变化允许器件,诸如MRAM器件,提供存储在磁存储器元件中的信息。最小和最大电阻值之间的差除以最小电阻,被称为磁致电阻比(MR)。
一种类型的磁存储器元件,磁隧道结(MTJ)元件,包括固定的铁磁层,其具有相对于外部磁场固定的磁化方向,和自由的铁磁层,其具有相对外部磁场自由旋转的磁化方向。固定层和自由层由绝缘隧道势垒层分隔,其依赖于自旋极化电子隧穿通过自由和固定铁磁层之间的隧道势垒层的现象。隧穿现象依赖于电子自旋,使得MTJ元件的磁响应成为自由和固定铁磁层之间的传导电子的相对取向和自旋极化的函数。
由于MR强烈依赖于隧道势垒质量,因此隧道势垒层对于MTJ元件的性能是重要的。特别地,隧道势垒的表面平滑度在制造高质量的MTJ器件中具有关键的作用。典型地,隧道势垒的表面粗糙导致了由流过势垒的非隧道电流或者底部铁磁层中的高点过氧化引起的MR的减小,其因此减小了可靠性并且由此减小了MTJ器件制造中的生产量。而且,由于下代的磁电子学器件,诸如MRAM,将成比例缩小至较小的尺寸,因此将需要较薄的隧道势垒层。因此,当隧道势垒层在未来的器件中变得更薄时,表面平滑度将变得更加重要。
因此,理想的是,提供具有表面粗糙度减小的隧道势垒层的MTJ元件。此外,理想的是,提供一种用于制造具有改善的电气属性的MTJ元件的工艺。而且,通过后面的本发明的详细描述和所附权利要求,结合附图和本发明的该背景,本发明的其他的理想特征和特性将变得显而易见。
发明内容
根据本发明一个方面,提供一种磁隧道结元件,包括:
合成反铁磁钉扎结构,包括:晶体钉扎铁磁层;非晶体固定铁磁层;和非磁耦合层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层之间,其中非晶体固定铁磁层与晶体钉扎铁磁层反铁磁耦合;
第一电极叠层,其包括自由铁磁层;和
隧道势垒层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和第一电极叠层之间。
根据本发明另一个方面,提供一种磁隧道结元件,包括:
合成反铁磁钉扎结构,包括:晶体钉扎铁磁层;非晶体固定铁磁层;和非磁耦合层,其置于钉扎铁磁层和固定铁磁层之间,其中固定铁磁层与钉扎铁磁层反铁磁耦合;
电极叠层,其包括自由铁磁层;
隧道势垒层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和第一电极叠层之间;和
第一界面层,其置于自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的一层与隧道势垒层之间,
其中第一界面层包括的材料的自旋极化高于所述的自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的一层的自旋极化。
附图说明
下文将结合附图描述本发明,在附图中同样的数字表示同样的元件,并且
图1是根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的磁隧道结元件结构的截面视图;
图2是根据本发明的另一示例性实施例的磁隧道结元件结构的截面视图;以及
图3是用于制造诸如图1或2的磁隧道结元件结构的根据本发明的示例性实施例的工艺的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面的本发明的详细描述在本质上仅是示例性的,并非限制本发明或者本发明的应用和使用。而且,不存在由本发明的前述背景或者本发明的下面的详细描述所带来的限制。
参考图1,根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的MTJ元件10包括基板16、第一电极多层叠层14、第二电极多层叠层12、和置于第一电极多层叠层14和第二电极多层叠层12之间的绝缘隧道势垒层32。基板16可以包括任何适当的绝缘材料,诸如例如,介电材料。第一电极多层叠层14和第二电极多层叠层12包括铁磁层,如下文更加详细描述的。隧道势垒层32优选地由介电材料形成,并且更优选地由氧化铝(AlOx)形成。隧道势垒层32可以具有任何适当的厚度,但是优选地具有约7~约15埃的厚度。第一多层叠层14、第二多层叠层12和隧道势垒层32的层可以通过任何适当的淀积工艺形成,诸如例如,粒子束淀积、物理气相淀积(PVD)、分子束外延(MBE)等等。
第一电极多层叠层14包括第一或者基础电极层18,其是在基板16上形成的。第一电极层18可以由单一的传导材料或层组成,或者可替换地,第一电极层18可以是具有不止一个传导材料或层的多层叠层。在任一情况中,第一电极层18提供同第一电极多层叠层14的层的电气接触。
在本发明的一个实施例中,第一电极多层叠层14包括种子层20,其淀积在第一电极层18上面。种子层20可由任何适当的材料形成,其适用于对反铁磁AF钉扎层24的后继形成接种,如下文更加详细描述的。适用于形成种子层20的材料的示例包括,例如,钽(Ta)或者氮化钽(TaNx),其制造方法是,反应溅射或者相对薄的钽层(优选地小于约100埃,并且最优选地小于约50埃)的等离子体或粒子束氮化。种子层20可以是分立于第一电极层18的层,或者可以包括与第一电极层18相同的层。第一电极多层叠层14还可以包括任选的位于种子层20上面的模板层22。模板层22可以包括镍铁(NiFe)合金、镍铁钴(NiFeCo)合金、钉(Ru)、钽(Ta)、铝(Al)、或者适用于协助反铁磁钉扎层24的生长的任何其他的材料。反铁磁钉扎层24被置于种子层20和/或模板层22上面。反铁磁钉扎层24可由任何适当的反铁磁材料形成,但是优选地包括锰合金,其具有一般的组分MnX,其中X优选地是选自下列组中的一种或多种材料:铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)、镍(Ni)、铱(Ir)、锇(Os)、钌(Ru)或者铁(Fe)。
钉扎铁磁层26形成在下面的反铁磁钉扎层24上面,并且与之交换耦合,其钉扎一个方向中的钉扎铁磁层26的磁矩。钉扎铁磁层26在结构上是晶体,并且可由例如,钴铁合金制成,诸如CoFe或者CoFeX,其中X可以包括硼(B)、钽(Ta)、铪(Hf)、或者碳(C)。非晶体固定铁磁层30在金属耦合层28上面形成,金属耦合层28位于钉扎铁磁层26上面。如此处使用的,术语“非晶体”意指其中不存在长程晶序的材料,诸如使用正常的x射线衍射测量引出可易于辨识的峰值的材料,或者使用电子衍射测量引出可辨识式样的图案的材料。在本发明的一个实施例中,非晶体固定铁磁层30可由钴(Co)、铁(Fe)和硼(B)的合金形成。例如,非晶体固定层30可由包括71.2%的钴原子、8.8%的铁原子和20%的硼原子的合金形成。该组合物是其中添加硼的CoFe合金,并且可被表示为(Co89Fe11)80B20。然而,应当认识到,任何其他的适当的合金组合物,诸如CoFeX(其中X可以是钽、铪、硼、碳等中的一个或多个),或者包括钴和/或铁的合金,可用于形成非晶体固定层30。金属耦合层28可由任何适当的材料形成,其用于反铁磁地耦合到晶体钉扎层26和非晶体固定层30,诸如钌、铼、锇、铑或其合金,但是优选地由钌形成。金属耦合层28、晶体钉扎层26和非晶体固定层30产生了合成反铁磁(SAF)结构38。通过金属耦合层28提供的SAF结构的反铁磁耦合使得MTJ元件10在施加的磁场中更加稳定。此外,通过改变铁磁层26和30的厚度,可以使针对自由层的静磁耦合偏移,并且可以磁滞回线集中。
由于非晶体结构的本质,即,非晶体结构基本上不具有晶粒边界,因此相比于在晶体或者多晶体固定层上生长隧道势垒层32的情况,SAF结构38的非晶体固定层30有助于具有更平滑的表面的隧道势垒层32的生长。隧道势垒层的更平滑的表面改善了MTJ元件10的磁致电阻。此外,SAF结构38的晶体钉扎层26导致了足够的反铁磁耦合强度,由此SAF结构在外部磁场中是稳定的。因此,非晶体固定层和晶体钉扎层用于改善MTJ元件10的性能、可靠性和可制造性。
第二电极多层叠层12包括自由铁磁层34和保护性第二电极层36。第二电极层36可由任何适当的材料形成,诸如钽。在本发明的优选实施例中,第二电极层36可以包括不止一个材料层,诸如例如,钽层上面的氮化钽层。自由铁磁层34的磁矩基本上不会通过交换耦合固定或钉扎,并且在施加的磁场存在的情况下基本上可自由旋转。自由层34可以具有非晶体或者晶体结构,并且可由任何适当的合金组合物形成,诸如CoFeX(其中X可以是硼、钽、铪、碳等),或者包括镍或铁的合金,或者包括钴、镍和铁的合金。自由层34可以包括一个材料层或者可以包括多个层。例如,在本发明的一个实施例中,自由层34可以包括单一的NiFeCo层。在本发明的另一实施例中,自由层34可以是SAF结构,其包括例如,两个诸如NiFe的铁磁材料层,其由诸如钌、铼、锇、铑或其合金等的传导材料的耦合层分隔。
应当认识到,尽管图1和上文的描述公开了一种MTJ元件10,其具有位于AF钉扎层上面的晶体钉扎层、位于晶体钉扎层上面的金属耦合层、位于耦合层上面的非晶体固定层、位于固定层上面的隧道势垒层、和位于隧道势垒层上面的自由层或者自由SAF结构,但是本发明不限于此。而且,本发明还可用于具有倒转或翻转结构的MTJ元件,其具有位于自由层或者自由SAF结构上面的隧道势垒层、位于隧道势垒层上面的非晶体层、位于非晶体固定层上面的耦合层、位于金属耦合层上面的晶体钉扎层、和位于钉扎层上面的AF钉扎层。
图2说明了根据本发明的另一实施例的MTJ元件60。MTJ元件60与图1的MTJ元件10相似,其中同样的参考数字表示同样的或者相似的层。MTJ元件60包括基板16、第一电极多层叠层14、第二电极多层叠层12、和置于第一电极多层叠层14和第二电极多层叠层12之间的绝缘隧道势垒层32。如上文参考图1针对MTJ元件10描述的,第一电极叠层14可以包括第一电极18、种子层20、模板层22、反铁磁钉扎层24、晶体铁磁钉扎层26、耦合层28和非晶体铁磁固定层30。同样地,MTJ元件60的第二电极多层叠层12可以包括第二电极36和自由层34,其可以包括一个铁磁层或者可以包括诸如SAF结构的多个层。
在本发明的一个实施例中,MTJ元件60进一步包括界面层62,其是在非晶体固定层30和隧道势垒层32之间形成的。在本发明的另一实施例中,当自由层34是非晶体材料的一个层或多个层时,MTJ元件可以包括界面层64,其是在隧道势垒层32和非晶体自由层34之间形成的。在本发明的另一实施例中,MTJ元件60可以包括界面层62和界面层64。由于MTJ元件60的磁致电阻与同隧道势垒层32的任一表面相邻的铁磁层的自旋极化的积成比例,因此界面层62和/或界面层64可用于提高MTJ元件60的磁致电阻。因此,界面层62和64可以是非晶体、晶体或者多晶体的,并且可由“高自旋极化材料”形成。如此处使用的,术语“高自旋极化材料”意指具有高于其相邻的非晶体铁磁材料的自旋极化的自旋极化的材料。因此,界面层62可由具有高于非晶体固定层30的自旋极化的自旋极化的材料形成。同样地,界面层64可由具有高于非晶体自由层34的自旋极化的自旋极化的材料形成。例如,在本发明的一个实施例中,非晶体固定层30可以包括CoFeB,而界面层62可以包括CoFe。相似地,非晶体自由层34可以包括CoFeB,而界面层64可以包括CoFe。然而,应当认识到,界面层62和64还可以包括CoFeX,其中X可以包括硼、钽、铪、碳等,并且X的原子数小于5%。可替换地,界面层62和64可以包括其他的含钴合金或者其他的含铁合金。界面层62或者界面层64或者此两者的使用可以取决于多种因素,诸如例如,MTJ元件的所需的磁属性、MTJ元件的所需的电气属性、MTJ元件的预期应用等。
界面层62和64是足够薄的,使得它们不会抵消由于固定层30和/或自由层34的非晶体本质引起的MTJ器件性能的改善。在本发明的一个实施例中,界面层62和64具有不大于15埃的厚度。优选地、界面层62和64具有不大于10埃的厚度,并且更优选地,具有不大于5埃的厚度。而且,尽管固定层30和/或自由层34的非晶体本质可以改善MTJ元件60的电气属性,诸如磁致电阻的量值、磁致电阻的稳定性、反铁磁耦合强度(由饱和场(Hsat)确定)等,但是MTJ元件60中的界面层62和/或界面层64的存在也可以通过增加MTJ元件的磁致电阻改善电气属性。
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例,用于制造诸如图1和2中说明的结构的半导体结构的工艺100的流程图。工艺100可以开始于提供基板,诸如图1和2的基板16(步骤102),并且在基板16上面形成第一电极层18(步骤104)。如上文所述,第一电极层18可以包括金属或其他传导材料的一个或多个层,其提供了同后继形成的层的电气接触。种子层20可以淀积在第一电极层18上面(步骤106)。种子层20可以是分立于第一电极层18的层,或者可替换地,种子层20可以包括与第一电极层18相同的层。然后可以在种子层20和/或第一电极层18上面制造任选的模板层22(步骤108)。
工艺100进一步包括,将反铁磁钉扎层24置于任选的模板层22和/或种子层20和/或第一电极层18上面(步骤110),并且在反铁磁钉扎层24上面形成晶体钉扎铁磁层26,由此钉扎铁磁层26与反铁磁钉扎层24交换耦合(步骤112)。然后将金属耦合层28置于钉扎铁磁层26上面(步骤114)。如上文所描述的,金属耦合层28可被形成为具有任何适当的厚度,并且可由任何适当的材料形成,其用于使晶体钉扎层26同上面的非晶体固定层30反铁磁耦合。适用于形成金属耦合层28的材料可以包括钌、锇、铑、铼等,及其合金。优选地,金属耦合层28由钌形成。
根据本发明的一个实施例,然后使金属耦合层28暴露于表面改性剂,其使金属耦合层28的暴露表面改性(步骤116)。如此处使用的,术语“表面改性剂”意指使金属耦合层28的表面改性的任何适当的材料,由此在金属耦合层28上面后继形成的固定层30呈现出相比于未使金属耦合层改性的情况的更加平滑的表面,在该表面上将形成隧道势垒层。因此,表面改性剂导致了MTJ元件的MR的增加。表面改性剂还导致了改善的击穿电压和MTJ元件中的较少的隧穿热点,因此增加了产量并且使MTJ元件阵列的比特电阻分布变窄。
在本发明的一个实施例中,表面改性剂包括氧。在这一点上,可以使金属耦合层28暴露于室温下的剂量(压力乘以暴露时间)为约10-5Torr-s~约10-1Torr-s的氧环境。使金属耦合层28暴露于氧环境一定的时间,其是足够长的,以允许氧将金属耦合层28的暴露表面改性,但是其也是足够短的,由此金属耦合层28提供的反铁磁耦合基本上不会减少。在本发明的一个实施例中,使金属耦合层暴露于氧环境一定的时间,其是足够短的,由此不允许氧淀积到可由标准的测量技术辨识的厚度。在本发明的优选实施例中,使金属耦合层28暴露于氧环境一定的时间周期,其允许在金属耦合层28的暴露表面上淀积不超过两个的氧单层。应当认识到,表面改性剂可以包括不同于氧或者除了氧以外的材料,诸如例如,空气、氩(Ar)/氧(O2)混合物、或者氮(N2)/氧(O2)混合物。
在使金属耦合层28的暴露表面改性之后,可以在金属耦合层28上面淀积固定铁磁层(步骤118)。在本发明的一个实施例中,固定铁磁层可由晶体铁磁材料形成,诸如例如,CoFe或者任何其他的适当的钴合金和/或铁合金。在本发明的另一更优选的实施例中,固定铁磁层可以是非晶体的,诸如上文参考图1和2描述的非晶体固定铁磁层。在这一点上,非晶体固定层可由非晶体铁磁合金形成,诸如CoFeX,其中X可以是硼、碳、钽、铪等,并且可由其他的钴和/或铁的合金形成。
在本发明的另一实施例中,当固定层包括非晶体材料时,工艺100可以进一步包括,在固定层上面淀积第一界面层,诸如图2的界面层62(步骤120)。界面层62可由具有高于非晶体固定层30的自旋极化的自旋极化的材料形成。例如,固定层可以包括CoFeB的非晶体层,而第一界面层可以包括CoFe。然而,在本发明的另一实施例中,第一界面层可以包括CoFeX,其中X可以包括硼、钽、碳、铪等,并且X原子数小于5%。在本发明的另一实施例中,第一界面层可以包括其他的含钴合金或者其他的含铁合金。
然后,可以在第一界面层和/或固定层上面形成绝缘的隧道势垒层,诸如图1和2的隧道势垒层32(步骤122)。可以使用用于形成隧道势垒层的半导体工业中已知的任何适当的绝缘材料形成该隧道势垒层。例如,隧道势垒层可以通过在第一界面层和/或固定层上面淀积铝层并且使该铝层氧化而形成,如本领域中公知的。
然后,可以在隧道势垒层上面形成自由铁磁层,诸如自由铁磁层34(步骤126)。如上文所述,该自由层可以具有非晶体或者晶体结构,并且可由任何适当的合金组合物形成,诸如CoFeX(其中X可以是硼、碳、钽、铪等)、NiFe合金或者包括钴、铁和镍的其他合金。在本发明的另一任选实施例中,自由层可以是SAF结构,其包括例如,两个诸如NiFe的铁磁材料层,其由诸如钌、铼、锇、铑等或其合金的绝缘材料的金属耦合层分隔。
在本发明的另一可选实施例中,当自由层包括非晶体材料时,可以在形成非晶体自由铁磁层之前,在隧道势垒层上面淀积第二界面层,诸如界面层64(步骤124)。第二界面层可以包括具有高于自由层的自旋极化的自旋极化的材料。例如,自由层可以包括非晶体CoFeB,而第二界面层可以包括CoFe。然而,在本发明的另一实施例中,第二界面层可以包括CoFeX,其中X可以包括硼、钽、铪、碳等,并且X原子数小于5%。在本发明的另一实施例中,第二界面层可以包括其他的含钴合金和/或其他的含铁合金。
在形成自由层之后,可以将第二电极层,诸如第二电极层36置于自由层上面(步骤128)。如上文所述,第二电极层可由任何适当的传导材料形成,诸如钽。在本发明的优选实施例中,第二电极层可以包括不止一个材料层,诸如例如,钽层上面的氮化钽(TaNx)层。
上文参考图3描述的工艺100的层的形成可以使用半导体工业中已知的任何适当的传统淀积方法执行,诸如例如,离子束淀积、物理气相淀积(PVD)、分子束外延(MBE)等。而且,应当认识到,本发明的工艺不限于上文参考图3描述的步骤顺序。相反地,可以以倒转的顺序执行该步骤,以制造磁隧道结元件,其具有位于自由层或者自由层SAF结构上面的隧道势垒层、位于隧道势垒层上面的固定层、位于固定层上面的钉扎层。在这一点上,当自由层是如上文所述的SAF结构时,在形成第二电极之后,可以淀积自由SAF结构的第一铁磁层,随后淀积金属耦合层。然后可以将金属耦合层暴露于表面改性剂,其使金属耦合层的暴露表面改性。表面改性剂使金属耦合层的表面改性,由此在金属耦合层上面后继形成的第二铁磁层呈现出相比于未使金属耦合层改性的情况的更加平滑的表面,在该表面上将形成隧道势垒层。在使金属耦合层的表面改性之后,自由SAF层的第二铁磁层可以淀积在金属耦合层上面。然后该工艺可以继续形成隧道势垒层和固定SAF结构。应当认识到,在本发明的另一实施例中,固定SAF结构的金属耦合层和自由SAF结构的金属耦合层,在后继淀积上面的层之前,可以暴露于表面改性剂,以改善上面的层的物理质量。
尽管在本发明的前面的详细描述中已提出了至少一个示例性实施例,但是应当认识到,存在大量的变化方案。还应当认识到,示例性实施例仅是示例,目的不在于以任何方式限制本发明的范围、应用或设置。而且,前面的详细描述将向本领域的技术人员提供用于实现本发明的示例性实施例的传统的路线图,应当理解,在不偏离所附权利要求中阐述的本发明的范围的前提下,可以针对示例性实施例中描述的元件的功能和配置进行多种变化。
Claims (14)
1.一种磁隧道结元件,包括:
合成反铁磁钉扎结构,包括:
晶体钉扎铁磁层;
非晶体固定铁磁层;和
非磁耦合层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层之间,其中非晶体固定铁磁层与晶体钉扎铁磁层反铁磁耦合;
第一电极叠层,其包括自由铁磁层;和
隧道势垒层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和第一电极叠层之间。
2.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,进一步包括反铁磁钉扎层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层附近,其中晶体钉扎铁磁层同反铁磁钉扎层交换耦合。
3.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,非晶体固定铁磁层包括具有化学式CoFeX的材料,其中X包括下列中的至少一种材料:硼、钽、碳和铪。
4.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,自由铁磁层包括非晶体材料或晶体材料中的一个。
5.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,自由铁磁层包括合成反铁磁结构,其具有两个铁磁层和置于两个铁磁层之间的非磁层。
6.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,第一电极叠层进一步包括电极层,其置于自由铁磁层附近。
7.权利要求6的磁隧道结元件,晶体钉扎铁磁层包括具有化学式CoFeX的材料,其中X包括下列中的至少一种材料:硼、钽、铪和碳。
8.权利要求1的磁隧道结元件,非磁耦合层选自下列材料:钌、铼、锇、铑及其任何组合。
9.一种磁隧道结元件,包括:
合成反铁磁钉扎结构,包括:
晶体钉扎铁磁层;
非晶体固定铁磁层;和
非磁耦合层,其置于钉扎铁磁层和固定铁磁层之间,其中固定铁磁层与钉扎铁磁层反铁磁耦合;
电极叠层,其包括自由铁磁层;
隧道势垒层,其置于晶体钉扎铁磁层和电极叠层之间;和
第一界面层,其置于自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的一层与隧道势垒层之间,
其中第一界面层包括的材料的自旋极化高于所述的自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的一层的自旋极化。
10.权利要求9的磁隧道结元件,所述的自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的一层包括具有化学式CoFeX的材料,其中X包括下列中的至少一种材料:硼、钽、铪和碳,并且,第一界面层包括CoFe。
11.权利要求10的磁隧道结元件,其中自由铁磁层包括非晶体材料,并且进一步包括第二界面层,其置于自由铁磁层和非晶体固定铁磁层中的另一层与隧道势垒层之间,第二界面层包括的材料的自旋极化高于自由铁磁层的自旋极化。
12.权利要求11的磁隧道结元件,其中自由铁磁层包括合成反铁磁结构,其具有由非磁耦合层分隔的两个铁磁材料层。
13.权利要求9的磁隧道结元件,自由铁磁层包括非晶体材料层,其中第一界面层置于隧道势垒层和自由铁磁层之间,并且其中第一界面层包括的材料的自旋极化高于自由铁磁层的自旋极化。
14.权利要求13的磁隧道结元件,其中自由铁磁层包括合成反铁磁结构,其具有由非磁耦合层分隔的两个铁磁材料层。
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CN1985377A (zh) | 2007-06-20 |
TW200629271A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
WO2006023018A2 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
TWI417878B (zh) | 2013-12-01 |
KR101149393B1 (ko) | 2012-05-25 |
WO2006023018A3 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
JP2008507854A (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
US20060017081A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
KR20070035588A (ko) | 2007-03-30 |
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