CN100533717C - 引线插针、电路、半导体器件及形成引线插针的方法 - Google Patents

引线插针、电路、半导体器件及形成引线插针的方法 Download PDF

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CN100533717C
CN100533717C CNB2006101288238A CN200610128823A CN100533717C CN 100533717 C CN100533717 C CN 100533717C CN B2006101288238 A CNB2006101288238 A CN B2006101288238A CN 200610128823 A CN200610128823 A CN 200610128823A CN 100533717 C CN100533717 C CN 100533717C
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lead pin
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信高靖
神谷浩
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NEC Platforms Ltd
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Abstract

一种电路的引线插针包括插针、围绕插针的绝缘体,以及围绕绝缘体的导体,所述导体是不均匀的。

Description

引线插针、电路、半导体器件及形成引线插针的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种半导体器件,特别涉及一种电路引线的结构和半导体器件,以及形成引线插针的方法。
背景技术
随着数字技术的发展,电路(如LSI-大规模集成电路)传输的信号频率逐年增高,而且,那些传输的信号频率超过千兆赫兹的电路(如LSI)已是众所周知的。例如,串行传送接口或PCIExpress(Peripheral ComponentInterconnect-外围组件互联)在2.5Gbps(最大频率1.25GHz)条件下连接在电路(如LSI)之间。由于频率高于1.0GHz的信号缩减(衰减)以及因反射所致波形不稳定的原因,变得难于在印刷电路板上传送信号。
由于电路(如LSI)与印刷电路板的连接部分是开放的,所以难于实现特性阻抗的匹配。未来将要传送的是频率超过10GHz的信号,因此,特性阻抗的匹配就变得尤为重要。
随着光频信号的传送,电路引线(如LSI的引线插针)存在一些问题。换句话说,在用作信号传输线时,电路引线(如LSI的引线插针)就存在特性阻抗不匹配的问题。这是由于电路引线(如LSI的引线插针)并不具有为特性阻抗匹配所需的稳定参数这一事实所引起的。
在不同传输线路的连接,比如LSI与印刷电路板的连接时,由于有关位置的物理限制、图案宽度方面的不同等,就不能在保持不变的特性阻抗的同时,而使LSI和印刷电路板连接。
作为具有同轴结构引线的举例,从阻抗匹配的角度看,它具有中心导体、绝缘体和外部导体,JP-A No.2000-261121公开了一种插针网格阵列(PGA-pin grid array)型电子部件,它具有通过在引线电极处的绝缘件与引线电极同轴的环形共轴电极。JP-A No.66353/1995公开了一种半导体器件,其中借助信号线与电源线之间的绝缘体,与导电路径共轴地形成安装半导体芯片的多层布线板(封装板)的外部接线端,并调节所述绝缘层的厚度,从而使外部接线端的阻抗与印刷电路板的特性阻抗一致。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的上述以及其它现实的问题、缺点和不足,作为本发明的示例性特征,提供一种引线插针、电路、半导体器件及形成引线插针的方法,可以调整使特性阻抗与印刷电路板的特性阻抗匹配。
本发明提供一种电路的引线插针,包括插针、围绕插针的绝缘体,以及围绕绝缘体的导体,所述导体具有非均匀性。
本发明还提供一种包含上述引线插针的电路。
本发明还提供一种半导体器件,它包括上述电路和印刷电路板,所述电路可以通过所述引线插针与所述印刷电路板连接。
本发明还提供一种形成引线插针的方法,包括以绝缘体围绕插针、以具有非均匀性的导体围绕所述绝缘体。
作为本发明的示例性优点在于,按照本发明的示例性实施例,由于电路的引线插针包括插针、围绕插针的绝缘体,以及围绕绝缘体的导体,而且所述导体均匀非均匀性,所以,在信号传送路径中,可使特性阻抗匹配。
图面说明
所附各权利要求述及作为本发明特征的新的和示例性特点。但通过结合附图,参照下面的详细描述,将能更好地理解发明本身,以及它的示例性特点和优点,其中:
图1表示作为本发明示例性实施例的示例结构的电路(如LSI)1、插针3和印刷电路板2的剖面图;
图2A-2C表示本发明示例性实施例的插针3的详细剖面图;
图3A-3E表示本发明示例性实施例的外部导体6的侧视图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图描述本发明。按照本发明的示例性实施例,电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)3被绝缘体(也称共轴绝缘体)7和外部导体6共轴地围绕。包含引线插针3和外部导体6的传输线的阻抗与电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)3的信号线的阻抗匹配。在本发明的示例性实施例中,所述外部导体6至少在其圆形截面的部分圆弧处包含缝隙12。
防止制约高频信号传输的阻抗不匹配,可以减少因存在于电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针3)位置处的阻抗不匹配所引起的影响。如所周知者,因负载阻抗ZL与信号传输线的阻抗Z0之间的不匹配所致的影响,比如由Γ=(ZL-Z0)/(ZL+Z0)给出。
按照本发明的示例性实施例,通过改变引线插针3与外部导体6之间绝缘体7的种类,可以改变插针的阻抗。通过改变绝缘体7的厚度、引线插针3与外部导体6之间的距离、和/或缝隙12的大小,可以改变所述阻抗。
按照本发明的示例性实施例,所述电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)的结构,通过设置绝缘体和非均匀的外部导体,并使特性阻抗最佳,可使信号通过电路(如LSI引线插针)的损失最小。按照本发明的示例性实施例,可由共轴结构形成所述电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针),以将电路(如LSI封装)的特性阻抗调整成印刷电路板上信号的特性阻抗,从而能够使信号传输路径中的特性阻抗匹配。
在所有阻抗都匹配的情况下,信号不会在特性阻抗不连续的部分受到反射,从而使传导波形能够具有很小的波形畸变。下面将根据示例性实施例讨论本发明。
图1示出本发明一种示例性实施例电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)的结构。把电路(如LSI电路)1安装在印刷电路板(如印刷布线板)2上。插针3已经与电路(封装板)(比如LSI封装1)中的信号线4连接。当把电路(如LSI封装)安装在印刷电路板2上时,把引线插入印刷电路板2的通孔中,并使插针与印刷电路板2中的信号层的信号线5电连接。
电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)包括围绕插针3的绝缘体7,该绝缘体可为中空圆柱形的,并且具有包覆绝缘体7的外部导体6。在电路(如LSI封装1)处的外部导体6的端部可被连接于面对该电路(如LSI封装1)表面的电路板上的GND层9,并且,在安装所述LSI封装时,可用焊料8,将印刷电路板2处的外部导体6的端部连接到GND10。电路(如LSI封装1)中的信号11通过信号线4、插针3和信号线5得以被传送。例如,电路(如LSI封装1)中的信号线4和印刷电路板2中的信号线5的特性阻抗规定为50Ω。
图2A-2C是本示例性实施例电路引线插针的示例性剖面图。如图2A所示,电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)可以包括:插针3,它作为在其中心传送信号的芯线;共轴设置于插针3外侧的绝缘体7;以及包覆于绝缘体7外周的外部导体6,因此,电路引线插针(如LSI引线插针)3可有与同轴电缆相类似的结构。在图2A中,外部导体6至少在外部周缘断面的部分圆弧处包含缝隙12。例如,当外部导体6的外部周缘为3mm时,使圆弧长度分别为1.2mm的两个外部导体6结合,圆弧间的缝隙12各为0.3mm。可以设置一个或两个缝隙12。
缝隙12可以不完全通过外部导体6。比如图2B所示那样,即一部分外部导体6可能会比另一部分外部导体6薄。如图2C所示,可将缝隙12设置于绝缘体7与外部导体6之间。在这种情况下,空气就作为一种绝缘体而工作。
有如图3A所示那样,可使缝隙12的结构成为,使所述缝隙在外部导体6断面的圆弧位置的同一区域沿着插针3的纵长方向延伸,或者使多个缝隙沿着插针3的纵长方向被设置于不同区域。缝隙12的一端可如图3A所示那样是开放的,或者如图3B所示那样是封闭的。也或者像图3C所示那样,这样的结构可以使外部导体6能够以在导体的侧面上成网孔状的方式包含多个缝隙。
譬如图3D所示者,可使缝隙12沿着插针3的纵长方向延伸成为波动的线。如图3E所示,可使多个缝隙12沿与插针3的纵长方向垂直的方向延伸。在这样的例子中,多个缝隙表示为网孔状。
如所周知,同轴电缆的特性阻抗Z0表示为 Z 0 = 60 ( 1 / er ) In ( d 2 / d 1 ) 。这里的er表示绝缘体7的相对介电常数,d2表示外部导体6(屏蔽)的半径,d1表示中心导体(插针)3的半径。
按照当前的优选实施例,改变绝缘体7的种类、绝缘体的厚度、圆弧状缝隙12的尺寸、所提供的缝隙12的数目,和/或缝隙的形状,可使阻抗得到各种调整。
于是,可使电路引线插针3(如LSI引线插针3)的阻抗与电路(如LSI封装1)或印刷电路2上的信号传输线的特性阻抗匹配,或者与包含电路(如LSI封装1)或印刷电路2的半导体器件的特性阻抗匹配。例如,一般而言,将高速信号设计成把特性阻抗设定为50Ω。当将信号线4和5设计成把它们的特性阻抗设定为50Ω,并且也将插针3设计成使它的特性阻抗为50Ω时,就不会使得特性阻抗成为不连续的,则不会存在因不连续的特性阻抗所引起的反射的影响,从而可使信号传输的损失很小。
当把本发明应用于使用超过1GHz频率信号的IC,与信息处理设备、通信设备、与IC相连的射频设备等相结合的IC时,本发明尤为可取。
虽然已参照具体实施例描述本发明,但不应将这种描述视为限制。对于熟悉本领域的人而言,将本说明书作为整体,对所示实施例的各种改型,以及其它实施例都将是显见的。于是,可以理解,所附各权利要求将覆盖各种这样的改型或实施例,而落入本发明的范围。
另外,发明人的意图在于,即使是在审查过程中对权利要求有所修改,也要包含请求保护的本发明的所有举例的等价物。
本发明是基于2005.10.18提交并包括说明书、权利要求书、附图及摘要的日本专利申请No.2005-303383的。本文将上述日本专利申请公开的内容整体作为参考。

Claims (22)

1.一种电路(1)的引线插针(3,6,7,12),包括:
插针(3);
围绕所述插针(3)的绝缘体(7);以及
围绕所述绝缘体(7)的导体(6),并且
所述导体(6)包含缝隙(12);
所述缝隙(12)位于所述绝缘体(7)与导体(6)之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述导体(6)的缝隙(12)位置处比所述导体(6)的其它位置处薄。
3.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述缝隙(12)沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向位于所述导体(6)的圆弧上,在所述圆弧的同一区域延伸。
4.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述导体(6)包含多个缝隙(12),它们沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向被设置于圆弧的不同区域。
5.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述导体(6)包含的缝隙(12)成网孔状。
6.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述缝隙(12)沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向被设置于所述导体(6)的圆弧上,以波动线形式延伸。
7.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,多个所述缝隙(12)沿与所述插针(3)的纵长方向垂直的方向延伸。
8.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述绝缘体(7)的厚度是不均匀的。
9.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述导体(6)的一端与地电位(10)相连。
10.如权利要求1所述的引线插针(3,6,7,12),其中,所述引线插针(3,6,7,12)被调整得跟与该引线插针(3,6,7,12)相连的电路(1)的信号线(4)及印刷电路板(2)的信号线(4)的阻抗匹配,所述电路(1)安装在所述印刷电路板(2)上。
11.一种电路(1),它包含权利要求1的引线插针(3,6,7,12)。
12.一种半导体器件,它包含权利要求11的电路(1)以及印刷电路板(2),所述电路(1)通过所述引线插针(3,6,7,12)与所述印刷电路板(2)相连。
13.一种形成引线插针(3,6,7,12)的方法,包括如下步骤:
以绝缘体(7)围绕插针(3);以及
在导体(6)中设置缝隙(12),并由该有缝隙的导体(6)围绕所述绝缘体(7);并且
将所述缝隙(12)设置于所述绝缘体(7)与导体(6)之间。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,所述导体(6)的缝隙(12)位置处比所述导体(6)的其它位置处薄。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,还包括使所述缝隙(12)沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向位于所述导体(6)的圆弧上,同时使所述缝隙(12)在所述圆弧的同一区域延伸的步骤。
16.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,还包括将多个缝隙(12)沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向设置于圆弧的不同区域的步骤。
17.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,还包括将所述缝隙(12)设置成网孔状的步骤。
18.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,还包括使所述缝隙(12)沿所述导体(6)的纵长方向设置于所述导体(6)的圆弧上,以波动线形式延伸的步骤。
19.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中,还包括使所述缝隙(12)设置于所述导体(6)的圆弧上,同时使所述缝隙(12)沿与所述插针(3)的纵长方向垂直的方向延伸的步骤。
20.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,还包括调整所述绝缘体(7)厚度的步骤。
21.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,还包括使所述导体(6)的一端与地电位(10)相连的步骤。
22.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中,还包括调整所述引线插针(3,6,7,12),用以跟与该引线插针(3,6,7,12)相连的电路(1)的信号线(4)及印刷电路板(2)的信号线(4)的阻抗匹配,所述电路(1)安装在所述印刷电路板(2)上的步骤。
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