Summary of the invention
Based on research to the multiple active component effect of whitening, and the research for many years and the clinical experiment of the mechanism of action that pigmented spots are formed, the invention provides a kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling and repair the combined cosmetic product.These combined cosmetic product can either make whitening and speckle dispelling take effect fast, and various pigmented spots are thoroughly disappeared, and can repair in the whitening and speckle dispelling process the damage of skin, play repairing effect, make whitening effect more lasting.
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
9~12 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 2~3 parts of kojic acids, 5~10 parts of propylene glycol, 5~8 parts of glycerol, vitamin B1~2 part, 1~2 part of caffeic acid, 5~8 parts of vitamin Cs, 3~5 parts of vitamin Es, 0.05~0.25 part of licoflavone, 0.15~0.25 part of antiseptic, 0.4~0.7 part of solubilizing agent, 0.4~0.8 part in essence, 48~68 parts of deionized waters;
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is 2~3 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 2.5~3.5 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 1~2 part of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, 1.5~2.5 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 3~4 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 4~5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4~5 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 1~2 part of Herba Scutellariae Barbatae by weight ratio;
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Stearic acid accounts for 4%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 3%, and monoglyceride accounts for 2%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 1%, and Tween-60 accounts for 2%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 10%, methyl ester accounts for 0.2%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.1%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.3%, propylene glycol accounts for 5%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 2%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 3%, Camphora accounts for 0.1%, antiseptic accounts for 0.2%, and essence accounts for 0.1%, and deionized water accounts for 67%.
Wherein, antiseptic and solubilizing agent all are that this area is that cosmetic field is known, and for example, antiseptic can adopt germall B, and solubilizing agent can be adopted PEG.
FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of the present invention prepares by following steps:
A. with plant water-soluble extract, kojic acid, propylene glycol, glycerol, vitamin B, caffeic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, the licoflavone of described weight portion, add successively in the deionized water, stir while mixing;
B. add antiseptic, solubilizing agent, essence, stir;
C. ultraviolet disinfection is 30~40 minutes, the elimination insoluble matter, and discharging was left standstill 24 hours, and packing after the assay was approved gets product.
Wherein, described plant water-soluble extract is to make according to the following steps:
1., the Radix Ginseng with described weight portion, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, the Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae part add deionized water by 1:10~20, soaks, and decocts, and filters, and collects filtrate;
2., filtering residue part is added deionized water by 1:10~20, soak, decoct, filter, collect filtrate;
3., filtering residue part is added 95% ethanol by 1:5~10, soak, filter, collect filtrate;
4., 3., collect filtrate with the filtering residue repeating step;
5., merge 1., 2., 3., the 4. filtrate of gained.
The repair cream of whitening of the present invention prepares by following steps:
Described raw material is divided into three-phase, and A comprises stearic acid, 16/18 alcohol, monoglyceride, Arlacel-60, Tween-60, hundred Dormant oils, methyl ester, propyl ester mutually; B comprises triethanolamine, propylene glycol, specially good effect whiten complexing agent TWC, reparative factor BFGF, Camphora mutually; C comprises antiseptic, essence mutually;
With A mutually and the B item be warming up to 80~85 ℃ respectively, be pumped into the homogenizing 1~2 minute of stirring in the emulsifying pot afterwards simultaneously, be under 65 rev/mins the situation, slowly to cool to 48 ℃ at rotating speed, add the C phase, stir and cool to 45 ℃, discharging, the inspection of semifinished product, qualified back fill gets finished product.
Composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, in use, is coated with earlier and puts FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE on the skin, waits a moment, and repaste is put the repair cream of whitening on the skin, and two parts need supporting use can reach optimum efficiency.Wherein, FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE is transparent liquid, and abnormal smells from the patient is slight, and pH is 4.0~6.5; The repair cream of whitening is the milky cream.Integral product should avoid directly being subjected to sunlight or strong illumination in 15~25 ℃ of sealed storage in the exsiccant environment of darkness.
Composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product and is contained multiple important whitening and speckle dispelling and repairing activity composition, and to add the dynamics of havoc melanin fabrication schedule, to suppress melanin synthetic comprehensively.Detect by analysis, these whitening and speckle dispelling active component comprise: (1) Radix Ginseng extractive solution: its anti-radical action is stronger, and contains polysaccharide polypeptide and various trace elements, has the metabolic effect of adjusting.(2) Radix Angelicae Dahuricae extracting solution: can skin whitening, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae.(3) Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae extracting solution: have heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, end effects such as scorching detumescence, promoting blood circulation and stopping pain.(4) Radix Paeoniae Alba extracting solution: have effects such as blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, desalination mottle.(5) extracting solution of Radix Notoginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong: have effects such as promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.(6) Herba Scutellariae Barbatae extracting solution: have effects such as heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, reducing swelling and alleviating pain.(7) kojic acid: can suppress to make the activity of the activatory tryrosinase of melanin, the oxidisability melanin of dark color is reduced into the reproducibility melanin of light color.(8) licoflavone: activity that can 100% restraint of tyrosinase, and can suppress intermediate DOPA quinone and generate melanin.(9) vitamin B: very close with the amino acid metabolism relation, can promote amino acid whose absorption and proteinic synthetic, by the cell growth essential, also influential to lipid metabolism, can improve sebum secretion.Help to strengthen metabolism, make skin keep younger state.(10) vitamin C: be the essential nutrition of making collagen protein; Can help skin to resist the ultraviolet infringement, avoid black speck, freckle to produce, have white-skinned face function.(11) vitamin E: have good non-oxidizability and biological activity, can prevent pachylosis, chap, macule, little wrinkle, black speck, macula lutea, freckle, acne, Exposure to Sunlight, scurf and elimination scytitis.Two kinds of approach of main percutaneous horny layer and hair follicle ditch are absorbed by skin.(12) caffeic acid: coarse and speckle has special efficacy to skin.(13) the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens: be the complexing agent of buying of whitening, TWC is its trade name, is used to strengthen whitening effect.(14) reparative factor BFGF: be the biological engineering newest research results, BFGF is the english abbreviation of basic fibroblast growth factor, and the reparation of skin injury is played a major role.
Composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, utilizes the principle of multi-faceted maintenance conditioning, thereby can reach the double effect of effecting a permanent cure of taking stopgap measures, and is the initiative of whitening and speckle dispelling product on the market.In order to subtract the pigmentation on the face of taking off, the present invention utilizes the composition of whitening and speckle dispelling maintenance safely and effectively to arrange in pairs or groups, finish certain nursing of whitening, has the black manufacturing that suppresses skin, promote exfoliation, quicken melanic excretory effect, use by operation instruction or under instructing, mottle will be dispelled it gradually.The present invention can both give play to effective inhibition and decomposition for increasing freckle, chloasma, senile plaque and the melanin deposition etc. that cause because of Exposure to Sunlight, hormone imbalance, age, at whitening and speckle dispelling simultaneously, minimizing is to the damage of skin, through on probation without any side effects, be efficient and whitening cosmetics safety.These combined cosmetic product can either make whitening and speckle dispelling take effect fast, and various pigmented spots are thoroughly disappeared, and can repair in the whitening and speckle dispelling process the damage of skin, play repairing effect, make whitening effect more lasting.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
9 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 2 parts of kojic acids, 5 parts of propylene glycol, 5 parts of glycerol, vitamin B1 part, 1 part of caffeic acid, 5 parts of vitamin Cs, 3 parts of vitamin Es, 0.05 part of licoflavone, 0.15 part of antiseptic, 0.4 part of solubilizing agent, 0.4 part in essence, 68 parts of deionized waters.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is by weight ratio:
3 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 3.5 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 2 parts of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusaes, 2.5 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 4 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 5 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 2 parts of Herba Scutellariae Barbataes.
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Hard acid fat accounts for 2%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 2%, and monoglyceride accounts for 1%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 0.5%, and Tween-60 accounts for 1%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 8%, methyl ester accounts for 0.15%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.05%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.1%, propylene glycol accounts for 3%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 1%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 2%, Camphora accounts for 0.05%, antiseptic accounts for 0.1%, and essence accounts for 0.05%, and deionized water accounts for 79%.
The described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of present embodiment prepares by following steps:
A. with plant water-soluble extract, kojic acid, propylene glycol, glycerol, vitamin B, caffeic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E, the licoflavone of described weight portion, add successively in the deionized water, stir while mixing;
B. go into antiseptic, solubilizing agent, essence, stir;
C. ultraviolet disinfection is 30~40 minutes, the elimination insoluble matter, and discharging was left standstill 24 hours, and packing after the assay was approved gets product.
Wherein, described plant water-soluble extract is to make according to the following steps:
1., the Radix Ginseng with described weight portion, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, the Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae part add deionized water by 1:10~20, soaks, and decocts, and filters, and collects filtrate;
2., filtering residue part is added deionized water by 1:10~20, soak, decoct, filter, collect filtrate;
3., filtering residue part is added 95% ethanol by 1:5~10, soak, filter, collect filtrate;
4., 3., collect filtrate with the filtering residue repeating step;
5., merge 1., 2., 3., the 4. filtrate of gained.
The repair cream of whitening of the present invention prepares by following steps:
Described raw material is divided into three-phase, and A comprises stearic acid, 16/18 alcohol, monoglyceride, Arlacel-60, Tween-60, hundred Dormant oils, methyl ester, propyl ester mutually; B comprises triethanolamine, propylene glycol, specially good effect whiten complexing agent TWC, reparative factor BFGF, Camphora mutually; C comprises antiseptic, essence mutually;
With A mutually and the B item be warming up to 80~85 ℃ respectively, be pumped into the homogenizing 1~2 minute of stirring in the emulsifying pot afterwards simultaneously, be under 65 rev/mins the situation, slowly to cool to 48 ℃ at rotating speed, add the C phase, stir and cool to 45 ℃, discharging, the inspection of semifinished product, qualified back fill gets finished product.
Embodiment two:
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
12 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 3 parts of kojic acids, 10 parts of propylene glycol, 8 parts of glycerol, vitamin B2 part, 2 parts of caffeic acids, 8 parts of vitamin Cs, 5 parts of vitamin Es, 0.25 part of licoflavone, 0.25 part of antiseptic, 0.7 part of solubilizing agent, 0.8 part in essence, 48 parts of deionized waters.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is by weight ratio:
2 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 2.5 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 1 part of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, 1.5 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 3 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 4 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 1 part of Herba Scutellariae Barbatae.
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Hard acid fat accounts for 6%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 4%, and monoglyceride accounts for 3%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 1.5%, and Tween-60 accounts for 3%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 12%, methyl ester accounts for 0.25%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.15%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.5%, propylene glycol accounts for 7%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 3%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 4%, Camphora accounts for 0.15%, antiseptic accounts for 0.3%, and essence accounts for 0.15%, and deionized water accounts for 55%.
The preparation method of the described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of present embodiment and the repair cream of whitening is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
10 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 2.5 parts of kojic acids, 6 parts of propylene glycol, 6 parts of glycerol, vitamin B1 .5 part, 1.5 parts of caffeic acids, 6 parts of vitamin Cs, 4 parts of vitamin Es, 0.15 part of licoflavone, 0.2 part of antiseptic, 0.55 part of solubilizing agent, 0.6 part in essence, 61 parts of deionized waters.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is by weight ratio:
2.5 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 3 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 1.5 parts of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusaes, 2 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 3.5 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 4.5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4.5 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 1.5 parts of Herba Scutellariae Barbataes.
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Hard acid fat accounts for 4%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 3%, and monoglyceride accounts for 2%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 1%, and Tween-60 accounts for 2%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 10%, methyl ester accounts for 0.2%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.1%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.3%, propylene glycol accounts for 5%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 2%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 3%, Camphora accounts for 0.1%, antiseptic accounts for 0.2%, and essence accounts for 0.1%, and deionized water accounts for 67%.
The preparation method of the described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of present embodiment and the repair cream of whitening is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four:
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
11 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 2.5 parts of kojic acids, 9 parts of propylene glycol, 7 parts of glycerol, vitamin B1 .5 part, 1.5 parts of caffeic acids, 7 parts of vitamin Cs, 4 parts of vitamin Es, 0.15 part of licoflavone, 0.2 part of antiseptic, 0.55 part of solubilizing agent, 0.6 part in essence, 55 parts of deionized waters.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is by weight ratio:
2 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 3.5 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 1 part of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, 2.5 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 3 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 5 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 4 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 2 parts of Herba Scutellariae Barbataes.
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Hard acid fat accounts for 5%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 2.5%, and monoglyceride accounts for 1.5%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 1%, and Tween-60 accounts for 2%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 9%, methyl ester accounts for 0.2%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.1%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.3%, propylene glycol accounts for 6%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 2.5%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 2.5%, Camphora accounts for 0.1%, antiseptic accounts for 0.2%, and essence accounts for 0.1%, and deionized water accounts for 67%.
The preparation method of the described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of present embodiment and the repair cream of whitening is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five:
A kind of composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the combined cosmetic product, comprises matching used FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE and the repair cream of whitening;
The weight ratio of the raw material of described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE consists of:
10 parts of plant water-soluble extracts, 2.5 parts of kojic acids, 7 parts of propylene glycol, 7 parts of glycerol, vitamin B1 .5 part, 1.5 parts of caffeic acids, 7 parts of vitamin Cs, 4 parts of vitamin Es, 0.15 part of licoflavone, 0.2 part of antiseptic, 0.55 part of solubilizing agent, 0.6 part in essence, 58 parts of deionized waters.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant water-soluble extract is by weight ratio:
3 parts of Radix Ginsengs, 2.5 parts of the Radixs Angelicae Dahuricae, 2 parts of Herba Hedyotidis Diffusaes, 1.5 parts of the Radix Paeoniae Albas, 4 parts of Radix Notoginseng, 4 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 5 parts of Rhizoma Chuanxiongs, 1 part of Herba Scutellariae Barbatae.
The weight ratio of the raw material of the described repair cream of whitening consists of:
Hard acid fat accounts for 3%, 16/18 alcohol and accounts for 3.5%, and monoglyceride accounts for 2.5%, Arlacel-60 accounts for 1%, and Tween-60 accounts for 2%, hundred Dormant oils and accounts for 11%, methyl ester accounts for 0.2%, and propyl ester accounts for 0.1%, and triethanolamine accounts for 0.3%, propylene glycol accounts for 4%, and the specially good effect complexing agent TWC that whitens accounts for 1.5%, and reparative factor BFGF accounts for 3.5%, Camphora accounts for 0.1%, antiseptic accounts for 0.2%, and essence accounts for 0.1%, and deionized water accounts for 67%.
The preparation method of the described FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of present embodiment and the repair cream of whitening is identical with embodiment one.
In the foregoing description one to five, described antiseptic is preferably germall B.
Embodiment six:
Composite whitening spot-dispelling of the present invention is repaired the control experiment of combined cosmetic product result of use:
Design principle:
The beauty treatment circle generally is divided into skin seven classes: seven classes such as neutral skin (normal skin), oily skin, dry skin, sensitive skin, mixed skin, aging skin, problem skin.Specifically:
1, oily skin: this type of skin complexion is dark, corse sweat pore, and sebum secretion is vigorous, and skin greasing is not easy to produce wrinkle, long easily acne, acne, its pH value is between 5.6-6.6, and powder is low defeated and dispersed immediately when relatively poor during cosmetic, sweats easily.
2, dry skin: the sebum secretion amount is few, does not have greasy feeling, and long easily tiny wrinkle stimulates relatively sensitivity to external world, and the easy crowfoot cracks of xerosis cutis are washed back skin with fancy soap and tingled, and can be divided into two kinds of hydropenia and oil starvations.Before plant and to be more common in more than 35 years old and the old people, the back is planted and is more common in youngster, its pH value is about 4, between the 5-5;
3, neutral skin: be exactly normal skin, its pH value is between 5-5.6, and it is healthy desirable skin, and the moist high resilience of non-greasy loses pore, and is ruddy glossy, is not easy to wear out.
4, mixed skin: between dryness and oily skin, showing in the trigonum of having is greasy, and hole skin is thick then to show dry skin at eye and other place.Be more common in the 25-35 age;
5, allergic skin: skin stimulates responsive to external world, and allergic phenomenas such as skin is red, swollen, twinge, erythra just appear in (as: make apply some make up etc.) when being subjected to environmental stimuli.All medicines, pollen, cosmetics (as cosmetics such as lipstick, speckle dispelling class, fat-reducing class, hair dye, perfume), chemical substance (as paint etc.), animal skin, seafood (as Eriocheir sinensis etc.), plant (as Fructus Mangifera Indicae, Toxicodendron verniciflnum (Stokes) F. A. Barkley (Rhus verniciflua Stokes) etc.) are hot and cold, metal etc. all allergic phenomena can occur.
6, aging skin: skin occurs lax, dry, matt, and sebum secretion is few, wrinkle often occurs.Be more common in middle-aged and elderly people and sentimental women.
7, problem skin: all Symptomatic skin that goes wrong all is referred to as it problem skin.
Problem skin mainly comprises mottle skin (chloasma, freckle, cyasma, butterfly spot, radiation spot etc.), acne, acne, speckle tinea, red blood streak, folliculitis, decortication, eczema, erythra, pustule, various dermatitis, facial cicatrix, nevus, carbuncle, cellulitis, furuncle, skin ulcer or the like.
The present invention all has in various degree effect to above-mentioned seven class skin types.In use, should select different combination consumptions for use by the dissimilar skin of client.
Object of study:
Choose the trier of above-mentioned 7 class skin attributes from the beauty treatment place, especially face's actual state is relatively poor, as test crowd of the present invention.
Specifically be divided into 7 and organize greatly, its principal character is:
(1) oiliness group; (2) dryness group; (3) neutral group; (4) Combination group; (5) anaphylaxis group; (6) aging group; (7) problem group.
Every big group is divided into three groups again, and wherein group one is a matched group, and 100 examples are observed by every group.
Experimental technique:
Common cosmetics on the group one usefulness market, used 1 month continuously at every day 3 times.
Group's dual-purpose FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of the present invention, was used 1 month continuously at every day 3 times.
The group's three usefulness FUHE MEIBAI QUBAN YE of the present invention and the repair cream of whitening, promptly complete product, used 1 month continuously at every day 3 times.
Experimental result:
Interpretation of result:
(1) product of the present invention all has good effect for the problem of various skin matter, compares the improvement that all has in various degree with general cosmetics.But the just onset of about two weeks, one month effect is fairly obvious.
(2) two of product of the present invention ingredients are when supporting use, and effect is more more obvious than what use separately.
(3) by record to client, product of the present invention has good effect for symptoms such as freckle, acne, acne, blackhead, chloasma, withered and yellow black face, chloasma, sun speckles, and black eye, eye pouch, birthmark, senile plaque, wrinkle etc. are also had splendid desalination effect.