CN1004623B - 氧化亚铜制备方法 - Google Patents
氧化亚铜制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1004623B CN1004623B CN87106540.1A CN87106540A CN1004623B CN 1004623 B CN1004623 B CN 1004623B CN 87106540 A CN87106540 A CN 87106540A CN 1004623 B CN1004623 B CN 1004623B
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- copper
- cuprous oxide
- oxide
- red copper
- copper oxide
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- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- -1 boats and ships Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
研究开发了新的湿法制取超细氧化亚铜粉末的方法。本发明的特点在于采用纯水与碱式碳酸铜或氧化铜制成浆液,在总铜浓度为10-100克/升,温度130-180℃,氢分压pH=15-35公斤/厘米2终点pH值为3.0-5.0范围的条件下,进行加压氢还原制得氧化亚铜粉末。应用本发明提供的方法可制得<1.0μ的氧化亚铜粉末。纯度>98%。粉末形状为类球形,呈深红色。
Description
本发明属于无机化工原料制备工艺领域,涉及到氧化亚铜制备方法,它提供了湿法制备氧化亚铜粉末的新工艺。应用这项新工艺,可以经济而有效地制得纯度高、粒度细、晶型完整的深红色氧化亚铜粉末。
氧化亚铜作为无机化工原料,在颜料、船舶、涂料、焊膏、催化剂、湿法冶金等方面都有特殊用途。它的产量正在逐年增长。
工业上生产氧化亚铜的方法主要有:烧结法、电解法、葡萄糖还原法等。烧结法先将氧化铜和铜粉混合然后在1000℃左右进行固-固反应,生成氧化亚铜,在惰性气氛下冷却后再用磨细设备将烧结产物磨细。这一方法劳动条件差,能量消耗大,氧化亚铜纯度低。采用铜电极电解方法虽能产出质量较好的氧化亚铜。但电耗大,生产效率较低。葡萄糖还原法则需要消耗昂贵的原料,生产成本较高。为了改进现有的工艺,研究开发了不少湿法制备氧化亚铜的新方法,与本发明相近似的方法有苏联专利994409报导的用氢作还原剂,在高压釜内将硫酸铜溶液还原成氧化亚铜的工艺。该方法产品纯度较高,但过程中需添加铜粉,工艺参数控制范围比较窄,氧化亚铜的收得率约95%。苏联专利891565报导了醋酸铜溶液加压氢还原制备氧化亚铜的工艺。这一方法采用了便宜的氢作还原剂,却使用了昂贵的化学试剂、而且由于醋酸铜溶液溶解度的限制,产率较低。所获得的氧化亚铜粉末粒度在10μ以上。美国专利3833717报导的铜氨溶液加压氢(或一氧化碳)还原,氢氧化物沉淀制备氧化亚铜法,该法首先加氨到含铜溶液中,使铜与氨形成络合物,然后用氢(或一氧化碳)于高压釜中,在不超过180℃和14kg/cm2的条件下进行还原反应,使铜离子还原为亚铜离子。高压釜冷却到90℃以下后,再加入NaOH等碱溶液,使氧化亚铜沉淀析出,然后又需在常压下再次加热高压釜,排除95%的氨(可返回流程使用)。得到的浆液经过滤、洗涤,真空干燥,得黄色氧化亚铜,该工艺流程复杂,还原和沉淀过程分两步进行,延长了生产周期;此外,氨的回收需消耗能量,增加生产成本,其产品的产率和质量均未报导。
本发明的目的是针对已有技术中存在的问题,改进现有的湿法制备氧化亚铜方法,以降低生产成本,提高产品质量,制备超细氧化亚铜粉。
为了达到这一目的,采用了一个简单的加压氢还原物料体系,即采用纯水作为分散介质与氧化铜或碱式碳酸铜制成浆液,在高压釜内直接进行浆化氢还原,一步产出氧化亚铜超细粉末。
碱式碳酸铜或氧化铜可以从铜氨溶液蒸氨沉淀获得,也可以从硫酸铜溶液用碳酸钠中和沉淀制得。所获得的碱式碳酸铜,可过滤洗涤后用水制成浆液进行氢还原,也可不经过过滤、洗涤工序,直接进行氢还原。
氢还原条件为:浆液中总铜浓度为10-100克/升,温度130-180℃。氢分压15-35公斤/厘米2左右,反应时间30-120分。并控制反应的终点pH值在3.0-5.0范围内。
为促成和加快反应,可添加微量氯化钯作催化剂,其用量范围Pd++2.4毫克~24毫克/升。
碳式碳酸铜转化为氧化亚铜的过程可用下式表示:
Cu(OH)2·CuCO3·XH2O→
CuO+CO2+(X+1)H2O (1)
Cu+++H2=Cu++2H+ (2)
2Cu++H2O=Cu2O+2H+ (3)
CuO+2H+=Cu+++H2O (4)
Cu(OH)2·CuCO3·XH2O+4H+=
2Cu+++CO2+(X+3)H2O (5)
采用本发明以制备氧化亚铜粉,其原料来源可以多种多样,凡从含铜物料湿法处理中间产品,例如:碱式碳酸铜、氧化铜、硫酸铜均可。这样的中间产品,来源是充足的,价格比最终产品铜便宜。
本工艺简单,流程短,原料便宜,采用碘酸钾氧化法测定氧化亚铜,氧化亚铜产品纯度高(氧化亚铜纯度>98%,化工部部颁标准为95%),采用X-射线衍射测定相组成,采用扫描电镜测粒度大小及分布,粒度小于1.0μ而且均匀,晶型完整,深红色(或者血红色)。本工艺具有较大的实用经济价值。
例1.含铜约55%的干碱式硫酸铜116g与1000ml水制成浆液,12mg/1Pd++,在155℃,pH2=20kg/cm2的条件下反应45分,最终pH=3.36,所获产品中含氧化铜98.78%,转化率>99%。
例2.含铜约55%的干碱式碳酸铜116g与1000ml水制成浆液,6mg/1Pd++,在135℃,pH2=20kg/cm2条件下,反应120分,最终pH=3.60,所获产品中含氧化亚铜98.23%,转化率99%。
例3.含铜约55%的干碱式碳酸铜116g与1000ml水制成浆液,12mg/1Pd++,在155℃,pH2=22.5kg/cm2条件下,反应60分,最终pH=4.5,所获得产品中含氧化亚铜98.81%,转化率99%。
比较例1.含铜约55%的干碱式碳酸铜116g,与1000ml水制成浆液,12mg/1Pd++,在155℃下反应120分,最终pH=5.30,所获产品中含氧化亚铜48.10%,金属铜51.59%。
比较例2.含铜79.3%的氧化铜粉79g与1000ml水制成浆料,12mg/1Pd++,在155℃下反应33分,所获产品中含氧化亚铜83.20%。
Claims (2)
1、从含铜物料用湿法加压氢还原制备氧化亚铜的方法,其特征在于采用纯水作分散介质,与碱式碳酸铜或氧化铜制成浆液,直接进行加压氢还原生产氧化亚铜超细粉末(粒度小于1μ);加压氢还原条件为:总铜浓度10-100克/升,温度130-180℃,氢分压15-35公斤/厘米2,在浆液中加入少量氯化钯作催化剂,其用量为2.4-24毫克/升。
2、按权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于保证最终pH在3.0-5.0范围内。
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CN87106540.1A CN1004623B (zh) | 1987-09-24 | 1987-09-24 | 氧化亚铜制备方法 |
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CN87106540.1A CN1004623B (zh) | 1987-09-24 | 1987-09-24 | 氧化亚铜制备方法 |
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CN1032151A CN1032151A (zh) | 1989-04-05 |
CN1004623B true CN1004623B (zh) | 1989-06-28 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
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CN100408234C (zh) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-08-06 | 中南大学 | 二氧化硫还原法生产氧化亚铜粉和铜粉 |
CN102070181A (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2011-05-25 | 浙江大学 | 一种氧化亚铜的制备方法 |
CN103466682B (zh) * | 2013-09-07 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽工程大学 | 一种Cu2O-CuO复合氧化物的制备方法 |
CN106966422B (zh) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-10-30 | 华南理工大学 | 一种双球形氧化亚铜微球及其制备方法 |
CN108910933A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-30 | 安徽师范大学 | 一种氧化亚铜纳米材料制备方法及其析氢性能 |
CN109536991A (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-29 | 天津大学 | 一种疏松多孔氧化亚铜材料的制备方法及氧化亚铜在电催化还原二氧化碳中的应用 |
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1987
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