CN100444714C - 散热器 - Google Patents

散热器 Download PDF

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CN100444714C
CN100444714C CNB2006100335689A CN200610033568A CN100444714C CN 100444714 C CN100444714 C CN 100444714C CN B2006100335689 A CNB2006100335689 A CN B2006100335689A CN 200610033568 A CN200610033568 A CN 200610033568A CN 100444714 C CN100444714 C CN 100444714C
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diversion division
radiator
fin
radiating fin
perforation
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CN101018465A (zh
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黄清白
孟劲功
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Furui Precise Component Kunshan Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Fuzhun Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to US11/308,728 priority patent/US7304847B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/30—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being attachable to the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0031—Radiators for recooling a coolant of cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/08—Fluid driving means, e.g. pumps, fans

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种散热器包括若干平行设置的散热鳍片，至少一穿设于该散热鳍片上的热管，及一设于散热鳍片侧端用于产生强制气流的风扇，每一散热鳍片上设有供热管穿设的穿孔，每一散热鳍片于其穿孔的外缘凸出形成一导流部，该导流部沿风扇气流的方向呈渐缩状曲线结构，可导引气流的分布及流动，同时还可增强散热鳍片表面的紊流效果，有效提升散热效率。

Description

散热器
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种散热器，尤指一种具较高散热效率的散热器。
【背景技术】
随着大规模集成电路技术的不断进步及广泛应用，计算机广泛应用于各行各业，为适应数据处理量不断增加及及时性要求不断提高的发展趋势，高频高速处理器不断推出，使得处理器单位时间产生大量热量，如不及时排除这些热量将引起处理器自身温度的升高，对系统的安全及性能造成很大影响。通常业界在中央处理器等芯片上安装散热器辅助其散热，同时，在散热器上安装风扇，以提供强制气流促使散热器的热量快速散发，从而对中央处理器等发热电子元件进行更为有效的散热。
如图5所示，现有的散热器1一般包括若干相互平行设置的散热鳍片2，穿设于鳍片2上的热管4，及一设于鳍片2侧面用于产生强制气流的风扇(图未示)，其中鳍片2呈平板状结构，相邻两鳍片2之间形成供气流流通的风道3，热管4包括一与热源接触的蒸发部及穿设于鳍片2上的冷凝部，相应地于鳍片2上设有供热管冷凝部穿设的通孔。该种散热器1工作时，热管4将自热源产生的热量快速的传递至鳍片2上，风扇所产生的气流流经风道3并与鳍片2进行热交换最终带走热源所产生的热量。
然而，上述散热器1虽然可通过增加鳍片2的数量或增大每一鳍片2的面积的方式提升散热器1的整体散热面积，以提升散热效果，但此与电子元件高密度及小型化的发展方向相违背，况且鳍片2所能增加的数量及尺寸有限，对散热效果的改善亦同样有限，另一提升散热器1散热效果的方式为减小鳍片2之间的间距以增加鳍片2的数量，提升鳍片2的散热面积，该种方式虽可避免散热器1体积的增加，然而鳍片2间距的减小往往会增加气流的流阻，不仅影响散热效果还会增加噪音。另一方面，由于鳍片2为平板结构，当风扇气流流经散热鳍片2时，由于粘性力的影响，鳍片2表面与气流的接触部分有形成一层流底层，在该层流底层内气流的流速几乎为零，气流与鳍片2之间的主要热交换方式为热传导，热交换效果大大降低。因此如何提升鳍片与风扇气流的换热效果，是提升散热器散热效果的关键所在。
【发明内容】
有鉴于此，实有必要提供一种具有高效换热效果的散热器。
该种散热器包括若干平行设置的散热鳍片，至少一穿设于该散热鳍片上的热管，及一设于散热鳍片侧端用于产生强制其流的风扇，每一散热鳍片上设有供热管穿设的穿孔，每一散热鳍片于其穿孔的外缘凸出形成一导流部，该导流部沿风扇气流的方向呈渐缩状曲线结构。
该散热器的散热鳍片上形成导流结构，可导引气流的分布及流动，同时还可增强散热鳍片表面的紊流效果，有效提升散热效率。
【附图说明】
图1为散热器立体示意图。
图2为散热鳍片组分解示意图。
图3为图2的另一角度视图。
图4为其中一散热鳍片俯视图。
图5为现有散热器示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面参照附图，结合实施例作进一步说明。
如图1所示，该散热器包括一散热鳍片组10，一穿设于该散热鳍片组10上的热管30，及一置于散热鳍片组10侧端用于提供强制气流的散热风扇50。风扇50所产生的气流可沿图中箭头所示方向流入散热鳍片组10内，从而与散热鳍片组10进行热交换带走热量。
请同时参考图2至图4，该散热鳍片组10包括若干相互平行设置的鳍片20，每一鳍片20包括一本体21及分别形成于本体21两端的折边23，各鳍片20的折边23相互抵靠，从而于相邻两鳍片20之间形成一沿折边23方向延伸的流道25。每一鳍片20的相应位置上分别设有一穿孔27，该穿孔27的形状大小与热管30的横截面形状大小相应，可为圆形、方形等，以便于热管30的穿设，该实施例中穿孔27大致呈方形，其边角形成圆弧倒角，该穿孔27相对于轴线X-X呈轴对称结构。鳍片20自穿孔27的周缘向外延伸形成一环形凸缘29，该凸缘29的高度与相邻两鳍片20之间的间距大致相等，从而该等散热鳍片组10组装为一体时，每一鳍片20的凸缘29与相邻的鳍片20相抵靠，所述凸缘29共同形成一容置热管30的柱状容置空间，可有效增加热管30与鳍片20的接触面积，使热管30的热量更好的传递至鳍片20。
每一鳍片20上还设有一环设于穿孔27外缘的导流部22，该导流部22包括两间隔设置的弧形凸条24、26，鳍片20的另一侧对应凸条24、26的位置分别形成有凹陷244、264。其中设于内侧的第一凸条24相对靠近鳍片20的穿孔27，设于外侧的第二凸条26相对远离鳍片20穿孔27，该两凸条24、26大致呈抛物线状，对称的设置于穿孔27的外缘，即该两凸条24、26均以轴线X-X为对称轴，两凸条24、26分别包括一中间部位240、260及自该中间部位240、260分别倾斜向外延伸的两外端242、262，其中第二凸条26的两外端262之间的夹角大于第一凸条24的两外端242之间的夹角，从而凸条24、26与轴线X-X之间的距离沿其外端242、262向中间部位240、260逐渐减小，沿风扇气流的方向(如图1中箭头所示方向)，两外端242、262与轴线X-X之间分别形成一渐缩状的空间，位于外侧的第二凸条26与内侧的第一凸条24之间同样形成一渐缩状的空间，从而导引气流朝向轴线X-X流动，使气流集中流向鳍片20靠近热管30的区域，其中凸条24、26两外端242、262的宽度均略大于中间部位240、260的宽度，利于气流的流动。
热管30包括一用于与热源接触的蒸发部及穿设于所述鳍片20上的冷凝部，利用热管30快速的导热性能可将热源所产生的热量快速均匀地传递至鳍片20上。
该散热器工作时，热管30的蒸发部吸收热源产生的热量，热管30内的工作介质吸热蒸发并向热管30的冷凝部流动，然后于冷凝部释放自热源所吸收的热量并冷凝回流至蒸发部进入下一次循环，从而通过热管30内工作介质的相变化吸收/释放大量潜热，将热源所产生的热量快速的传递至鳍片20，由于鳍片20存在一定的热阻，热管30将热量传递至鳍片20时，鳍片20靠近热管30的区域，即穿孔27的周缘区域内的热量较为集中，形成热量密集区，相对于鳍片20的其它位置该热量密集区内温度更高，当风扇50所产生的强制气流沿图1中箭头所示方向进入鳍片20之间所形成的流道25内，由于鳍片20上设有导流部22，气流进入鳍片20之间所形成的流道25后，第一凸条24的两外端242导引气流流向鳍片20穿孔27及其周缘区域，即流向鳍片20的热量密集区，可使该热量密集区内的热量快速的被风扇50所产生的气流带走，同理第二凸条26亦具有集中气流的作用，其设置于第一凸条24的外侧，可进一步导引气流向轴线X-X集中，而该两凸条24、26在集中气流的同时，由于其均呈渐缩状结构，还可增加气流的流速，加强换热效果。另一方面，气流在流经鳍片20表面时，由于黏性力等因素的影响，在鳍片20表面形成一层流底层，而气流在流动过程中经过障碍物时，则会在障碍物附近形成涡流，而导流部22的设置则相当于在气流的流道上设置一障碍物，从而可有效破坏形成于鳍片20表面的层流底层，增强气流在鳍片20表面处的紊流效果，加强鳍片20与气流之间的热交换，最终提升散热器的整体散热效果。另外，鳍片20另一侧对应凸条24、26的位置分别形成凹陷244、264，该凹陷244、264的设置使鳍片20下侧呈非平面状，同样可增强气流的紊流效果。该凹陷244、264可通过冲压等方式一体成型于鳍片20上，以简化制程。
该实施例中，导流部22包括两凸条24、26，实际上，凸条24、26的数量、形状大小等均可根据鳍片20以及热管30的状况而设定，可为一个或多个，其形状不限于抛物线状，只要其沿气流方向呈渐缩状即可导引气流集中流向热量密集区，一般弯曲的曲线、流线型等流阻较小，效果更好。

Claims (11)

1.一种散热器，包括若干平行设置的散热鳍片及至少一穿设于该散热鳍片上的热管，每一散热鳍片上设有供热管穿设的穿孔，相邻两散热鳍片之间形成一供流体通过的流道，其特征在于：每一散热鳍片于其穿孔的外缘凸出形成一用以将流体导向热管的导流部，该导流部呈渐缩状曲线结构。
2.如权利要求1所述的散热器，其特征在于：该散热器还包括一设于散热鳍片侧端用以产生流体的风扇，该风扇设置于导流部开口朝向的一侧。
3.如权利要求1所述的散热器，其特征在于：该导流部呈轴对称结构，对称设置于穿孔外侧。
4.如权利要求3所述的散热器，其特征在于：该导流部呈抛物线状或流线型。
5.如权利要求3所述的散热器，其特征在于：每一散热鳍片上设有若干间隔设置的导流部，所述导流部的开口的朝向相同，相邻两导流部之间形成渐缩状的空间。
6.如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于：导流部靠近流体入口端的宽度大于远离流体入口端的宽度。
7.如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的散热器，其特征在于：对应导流部位置每一散热鳍片相对于设有导流部的侧面的另一侧形成相应的凹陷。
8.一种散热器，包括若干相互平行设置的散热鳍片，相邻两散热鳍片之间形成一流道，其特征在于：每一散热鳍片的一侧面上凸出形成至少一导流部，该导流部呈弯曲状延伸，该导流部呈轴对称，导流部与其轴线的距离自导流部外端向中间部位逐渐减小。
9.如权利要求8所述的散热器，其特征在于：该导流部呈抛物线状或流线型结构。
10.如权利要求9所述的散热器，其特征在于：该散热鳍片上设有至少一穿孔，该穿孔内穿设一热管，该导流部对称设置于穿孔外侧且导流部的开口朝向穿孔。
11.如权利要求10所述的散热器，其特征在于：每一散热鳍片上间隔设置两导流部，所述导流部的开口的朝向相同，该两导流部之间形成一渐缩状的空间。
CNB2006100335689A 2006-02-10 2006-02-10 散热器 Expired - Fee Related CN100444714C (zh)

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CNB2006100335689A CN100444714C (zh) 2006-02-10 2006-02-10 散热器
US11/308,728 US7304847B2 (en) 2006-02-10 2006-04-26 Heat sink

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