CN100407363C - 在综合处理系统中用于等离子搀杂和离子注入的方法和装置 - Google Patents
在综合处理系统中用于等离子搀杂和离子注入的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100407363C CN100407363C CN028233220A CN02823322A CN100407363C CN 100407363 C CN100407363 C CN 100407363C CN 028233220 A CN028233220 A CN 028233220A CN 02823322 A CN02823322 A CN 02823322A CN 100407363 C CN100407363 C CN 100407363C
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- plasma
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- platen
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- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 170
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 70
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004980 dosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/22—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32412—Plasma immersion ion implantation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/30—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
- H01J37/317—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for changing properties of the objects or for applying thin layers thereon, e.g. for ion implantation
- H01J37/3171—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for changing properties of the objects or for applying thin layers thereon, e.g. for ion implantation for ion implantation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/22—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities
- H01L21/223—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities using diffusion into or out of a solid from or into a gaseous phase
- H01L21/2236—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities using diffusion into or out of a solid from or into a gaseous phase from or into a plasma phase
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
- H01L21/26513—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors of electrically active species
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/007,530 US6716727B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2001-10-26 | Methods and apparatus for plasma doping and ion implantation in an integrated processing system |
US10/007,530 | 2001-10-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1592944A CN1592944A (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
CN100407363C true CN100407363C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
Family
ID=21726739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN028233220A Expired - Fee Related CN100407363C (zh) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-10-17 | 在综合处理系统中用于等离子搀杂和离子注入的方法和装置 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6716727B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1438734B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP4587364B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR100876049B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN100407363C (es) |
AT (1) | ATE445226T1 (es) |
DE (1) | DE60233956D1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2333782T3 (es) |
TW (1) | TW582061B (es) |
WO (1) | WO2003038879A2 (es) |
Families Citing this family (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030116089A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-26 | Walther Steven R. | Plasma implantation system and method with target movement |
US6762423B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-07-13 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for ion beam neutralization in magnets |
KR100475122B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-03-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 실리콘 접촉저항을 개선할 수 있는 반도체 소자 형성방법 |
US7126808B2 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2006-10-24 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Wafer platen equipped with electrostatic clamp, wafer backside gas cooling, and high voltage operation capability for plasma doping |
US7748344B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2010-07-06 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | Segmented resonant antenna for radio frequency inductively coupled plasmas |
US7421973B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2008-09-09 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | System and method for performing SIMOX implants using an ion shower |
US7741621B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-06-22 | City University Of Hong Kong | Apparatus and method for focused electric field enhanced plasma-based ion implantation |
US20060205192A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Shallow-junction fabrication in semiconductor devices via plasma implantation and deposition |
US20060236931A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Tilted Plasma Doping |
JP4843252B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2011-12-21 | 株式会社アルバック | 表面処理装置及び表面処理方法 |
KR101121419B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-30 | 2012-03-15 | 주성엔지니어링(주) | 기판제조장치 및 이에 이용되는 진공펌핑방법과 벤팅방법 |
US20070170867A1 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-07-26 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Plasma Immersion Ion Source With Low Effective Antenna Voltage |
KR101346081B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-20 | 2013-12-31 | 참엔지니어링(주) | 플라스마 에칭 챔버 |
US20080121821A1 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-05-29 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates Inc. | Techniques for low-temperature ion implantation |
US20080132046A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Plasma Doping With Electronically Controllable Implant Angle |
US20080169183A1 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-17 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Plasma Source with Liner for Reducing Metal Contamination |
US7820533B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2010-10-26 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Multi-step plasma doping with improved dose control |
KR100855002B1 (ko) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-08-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 플라즈마 이온 주입시스템 |
US8071964B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2011-12-06 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | System and method of performing uniform dose implantation under adverse conditions |
US20100155600A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-24 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for plasma dose measurement |
US20120060353A1 (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-03-15 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Mechanism and method for ensuring alignment of a workpiece to a mask |
US8361856B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2013-01-29 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory cells, arrays of memory cells, and methods of forming memory cells |
US8329567B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2012-12-11 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming doped regions in semiconductor substrates |
US8450175B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2013-05-28 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming a vertical transistor and at least a conductive line electrically coupled therewith |
US8569831B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2013-10-29 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Integrated circuit arrays and semiconductor constructions |
US20120315734A1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | Chan-Lon Yang | Method for fabricating semiconductor device |
FR2981193B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-06 | 2014-05-23 | Ion Beam Services | Procede de commande d'un implanteur ionique en mode immersion plasma. |
CN103137413B (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 离子注入机控制系统 |
US9036391B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2015-05-19 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Arrays of vertically-oriented transistors, memory arrays including vertically-oriented transistors, and memory cells |
US9006060B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2015-04-14 | Micron Technology, Inc. | N-type field effect transistors, arrays comprising N-type vertically-oriented transistors, methods of forming an N-type field effect transistor, and methods of forming an array comprising vertically-oriented N-type transistors |
US9129896B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2015-09-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Arrays comprising vertically-oriented transistors, integrated circuitry comprising a conductive line buried in silicon-comprising semiconductor material, methods of forming a plurality of conductive lines buried in silicon-comprising semiconductor material, and methods of forming an array comprising vertically-oriented transistors |
US9478550B2 (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2016-10-25 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Arrays of vertically-oriented transistors, and memory arrays including vertically-oriented transistors |
JP6143440B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-22 | 2017-06-07 | 住重試験検査株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法及び基板処理システム |
US9111853B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-08-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming doped elements of semiconductor device structures |
US9190248B2 (en) | 2013-09-07 | 2015-11-17 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Dynamic electrode plasma system |
US9287085B2 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-03-15 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Processing apparatus and method of treating a substrate |
US9899193B1 (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-02-20 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | RF ion source with dynamic volume control |
US11069511B2 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2021-07-20 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | System and methods using an inline surface engineering source |
US10699871B2 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2020-06-30 | Applied Materials, Inc. | System and method for spatially resolved optical metrology of an ion beam |
US11728187B2 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-08-15 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | Method for decreasing cool down time with heated system for semiconductor manufacturing equipment |
TWI838493B (zh) * | 2019-03-25 | 2024-04-11 | 日商亞多納富有限公司 | 氣體分析裝置 |
US20200411342A1 (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-12-31 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Beamline architecture with integrated plasma processing |
US20240249908A1 (en) * | 2023-01-25 | 2024-07-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Dose Cup Assembly for an Ion Implanter |
US20240274404A1 (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2024-08-15 | Applied Materials, Inc. | System and Method for Reducing Particle Formation in a Process Chamber of an Ion Implanter |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5354381A (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-10-11 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Plasma immersion ion implantation (PI3) apparatus |
US5558718A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1996-09-24 | The Regents, University Of California | Pulsed source ion implantation apparatus and method |
CN1233668A (zh) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-11-03 | 易通公司 | 用发射光谱法对等离子体成分的监控 |
US6153524A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-11-28 | Silicon Genesis Corporation | Cluster tool method using plasma immersion ion implantation |
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US3908183A (en) | 1973-03-14 | 1975-09-23 | California Linear Circuits Inc | Combined ion implantation and kinetic transport deposition process |
US4276477A (en) | 1979-09-17 | 1981-06-30 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Focusing apparatus for uniform application of charged particle beam |
US4283631A (en) | 1980-02-22 | 1981-08-11 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Bean scanning and method of use for ion implantation |
US4922106A (en) | 1986-04-09 | 1990-05-01 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Ion beam scanning method and apparatus |
US4899059A (en) | 1988-05-18 | 1990-02-06 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Disk scanning apparatus for batch ion implanters |
JP2783410B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-07 | 1998-08-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置の製造方法および製造装置 |
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US5424244A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1995-06-13 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Process for laser processing and apparatus for use in the same |
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JP3080867B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-25 | 2000-08-28 | 日本電気株式会社 | Soi基板の製造方法 |
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JP3413704B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-17 | 2003-06-09 | ソニー株式会社 | 薄膜半導体装置の製造方法 |
US6209480B1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 2001-04-03 | Mehrdad M. Moslehi | Hermetically-sealed inductively-coupled plasma source structure and method of use |
US5911832A (en) | 1996-10-10 | 1999-06-15 | Eaton Corporation | Plasma immersion implantation with pulsed anode |
JP3239779B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-29 | 2001-12-17 | 日新電機株式会社 | 基板処理装置および基板処理方法 |
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US6111260A (en) | 1997-06-10 | 2000-08-29 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Method and apparatus for in situ anneal during ion implant |
US6020592A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-01 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | Dose monitor for plasma doping system |
US6221169B1 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2001-04-24 | Axcelis Technologies, Inc. | System and method for cleaning contaminated surfaces in an ion implanter |
US6489241B1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2002-12-03 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Apparatus and method for surface finishing a silicon film |
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US6545419B2 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2003-04-08 | Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. | Double chamber ion implantation system |
-
2001
- 2001-10-26 US US10/007,530 patent/US6716727B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-10-17 AT AT02784127T patent/ATE445226T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-17 KR KR1020047006166A patent/KR100876049B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-17 CN CN028233220A patent/CN100407363C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-17 DE DE60233956T patent/DE60233956D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-17 EP EP02784127A patent/EP1438734B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-17 WO PCT/US2002/033091 patent/WO2003038879A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-10-17 ES ES02784127T patent/ES2333782T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-17 JP JP2003541037A patent/JP4587364B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-22 TW TW091124304A patent/TW582061B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5354381A (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-10-11 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Plasma immersion ion implantation (PI3) apparatus |
US5558718A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1996-09-24 | The Regents, University Of California | Pulsed source ion implantation apparatus and method |
US6153524A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-11-28 | Silicon Genesis Corporation | Cluster tool method using plasma immersion ion implantation |
CN1233668A (zh) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-11-03 | 易通公司 | 用发射光谱法对等离子体成分的监控 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4587364B2 (ja) | 2010-11-24 |
WO2003038879A2 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
ES2333782T3 (es) | 2010-03-01 |
ATE445226T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
JP2005508088A (ja) | 2005-03-24 |
US6716727B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 |
US20030082891A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
CN1592944A (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
KR20040054745A (ko) | 2004-06-25 |
DE60233956D1 (de) | 2009-11-19 |
WO2003038879A3 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
EP1438734B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 |
TW582061B (en) | 2004-04-01 |
KR100876049B1 (ko) | 2008-12-26 |
EP1438734A2 (en) | 2004-07-21 |
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