CN100400250C - 用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统 - Google Patents

用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统 Download PDF

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CN100400250C
CN100400250C CNB028267141A CN02826714A CN100400250C CN 100400250 C CN100400250 C CN 100400250C CN B028267141 A CNB028267141 A CN B028267141A CN 02826714 A CN02826714 A CN 02826714A CN 100400250 C CN100400250 C CN 100400250C
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马尔科·扬努齐
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Flli Iannucci Marco
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Abstract

对一种适用于打铆机的在平坦表面(F)上同时打铆的系统进行了说明,该系统用于同时锤击沿着任意类型的路径的一组铆钉(C),这些铆钉位于要打铆的物体(A)的平坦表面(F)上,其中,打铆和顶压机构呈星形排布并放置在两个相对的转台(20、26)上,同时,铆钉选择器从其铆钉仓(30、31)中一次拾取一颗铆钉(C),并将铆钉送到铆钉夹头(50)。

Description

用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新颖的和富有创造性的同时打铆系统,其能够沿着任何的打铆轮廓,在同时将多组铆钉钉在要打铆的元件的平坦表面上,且其打铆速度和精度都是现有技术中的打铆机所难以企及的。
背景技术
沿着非直线的轮廓来铆接表面,例如,沿着诸如铆钉所围绕的圆周的连续的封闭线的路线打铆,是一种长时间的和复杂的操作,因为现有的打铆机具有打铆和顶压机构(upsetting mechanism),它们只能处理直线的路径,所以,为了完成诸如圆形的一圈铆钉,比如在必须将卷筒的轮缘铆接以便卷绕并运输缆线、绳子等主要是线形伸展的元件的时候,轮缘必须逐步地转动180度才能完成将铆钉钉在整个给定圆形路径上的过程。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是创造一种系统,其能够在任何合适的表面上的各种变化的或预先测定的路径上进行同时打铆,还能在同时使用任何所需数量的铆钉,且要打铆的表面的最大转动量与一个小圆弧相当,在打算在一次冲击中同时锤击所有提供的铆钉时,甚至不需要任何转动。
本发明聪明地解决了这个问题,解决方式是,提供打铆和顶压机构呈星形排布的系统,打铆和顶压机构沿着若干半径设置,从而使得该机构在每个半径上的单元只需钉入必须钉到该要铆接的表面的扇形部分中的铆钉,并且,打铆和顶压机构沿两个相邻的半径分开。
因此,很清楚,提供与需要施加的径向分布的铆钉的行数同样多数目的半径,整个铆接过程可以在一次冲击中完成,或者,如果要施加的铆钉的行数大于该机构所在的半径的数目,则在每个机构的半径上要打铆的表面将与两个相邻半径之间的扇形部分相当,因此,将该机构旋转到各个圆弧就足以完成这样的操作。
在实际应用的绝大部分情况下,更具体地说,对于铆接卷轴的轮缘来说,各个铆钉的同心圆都要打铆,机构设置在十二条半径上是最优的方案,因此,所述的机构完成30度角转动的打铆动作就足够了。
提供相应数目的铆钉选择器,用于将铆钉供给到打铆机构,铆钉选择器从铆钉仓中一次拾取一枚铆钉,并将其送到它们下方的打铆机构,它们中的每一个都主要由铆钉夹头和钉锤制成,钉锤利用压力来钉铆钉。
打铆机构固定于上转台,且各个顶压机构固定于与上转台同步的下转台,以便获得对应于每个单元必须作用的扇形部分的最大圆弧。
本发明提供的技术方案是,一种用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统,包括打铆和顶压机构,其特征在于,所述机构是沿一定数目的半径放置的星形排布的单元,从而每个半径的机构的单元仅仅必须锤击必须钉进由两个连续的半径限定且要打铆的表面的扇形部分中的那些钉子。
附图说明
以下,参考用于缆线卷轴轮缘的打铆机,将以详细示出根据本发明的打铆系统的优选实施例,该示出方式对本发明的范围是示例性的而非限定性,参考以下附图进行描述:
图1是带有根据本发明的系统的打铆机的整体等角透视图;
图2是该打铆机的简化的示意顶视图,示出该机构的星形排布;
图3是该打铆机的主视图;
图4是铆钉的选择器的透视图;
图5是透视图,示出位于下台面上方的卷筒的轮缘以及两个对其进行操作的机构,以便示出其工作原理;
图6为透视图,示出回转着的下台面、要铆接的轮缘、上部的固定板、以及带有相关的铆钉选择器的铆钉仓;以及
图7为类似于图6的视图,但部分地去掉了上板,并示出作用在相应的打铆半径上的打铆机构单元。
具体实施方式
现在,参见附图中的图形,打铆机包括底座10,在底座10上固定有由四个管状立柱12构成的框架,立柱由两个肩部14连接在一起。
中心横部件16支撑着上支承轴18,上支承轴18装有液压马达19,用于转动承载着打铆机构的上转台20,在后面将详述打铆机构;而底座10与下转轴22固定,下转轴22由相应的液压马达24驱动并支撑承载着顶压机构的下转台26。在下转轴内部,同轴地设置有中央立柱28,要打铆的物体静止放置在其上,在本例中,要打铆的物体是缆线卷轴的轮缘F。在横向位置上装配的四个铆钉仓放置在打铆机的上部,更准确地说,两个相对的铆钉仓30固定于肩部14,另两个相对的铆钉仓31固定在上转台20的上部,该上转台20的上部带有孔33,用作铆钉的软管48的通道,这些铆钉通过下述的选择器供给到打铆机构。
铆钉仓30和31都装有一组可调的倾斜铆钉导向件(未示出),每次,在合适的液压缸36使铆钉仓向前倾斜时,成排铆钉C在其中滑动并进入铆钉选择器的倾斜导槽34。导槽34端部处的第一个铆钉靠在选择器的层压盘38上,当接到命令时,气压缸40使其转动,将缺口42置于铆钉接收位置。因此,层压盘38继续转动将阻挡其它铆钉滑出导槽34,并使铆钉落入固定于汽缸46的下铆钉输送器的漏斗形空腔44,重力将铆钉从该处通过连接软管48送到铆钉夹头50,铆钉夹头是铆钉机构的一部分,铆钉机构还包括液压缸52并通过支架54固定到上转台20。
在由木板A制成的轮缘F的下方,放置下转台26,下转台装有顶压部件56,顶压部件使由钉锤或打铆液压缸52的杆压下的铆钉C的点向内弯曲。该受压打铆系统的噪声明显小于现有技术中的系统,因而它具有较低的声音环境影响。
在附图所示的示意性实施例中,打铆机包括十二条半径,因此,轮缘的打铆面只需转过十二分之一的圆周,即30度角。每条半径能够包括两个、三个、四个甚至更多的打铆和顶压机构。在图1、2和3中,只示出为每条半径提供了两个机构,这是钉两圈铆钉所需的;而图5、6和7中,示出了四个铆接同心圆,因而每条半径有四个机构。这些机构在每条半径上的径向位置可以是固定的或者也可以是沿着半径可调的。
显然,各种运动都是自动的且受到合适的限位件、传感器、电气和电子电路的控制,且根据机构的数目、每个圆周上铆钉的数目和打铆的圈数、要打铆的表面的尺寸等等,可以对电路进行编程。
在附图中示出的上述实施例同样只是作为一个示例,始终是说明性的,作为要打铆的轮缘的直径、同一个轮缘上铆钉圆周的直径、以及同一直径的每圈铆钉在圆周方向上铆钉和铆钉之间距离的函数,以30度角覆盖该圆周的工作速度是能够改变的。
如果测量了同一圆周上铆钉与铆钉之间的距离,且该圆周的长度覆盖了30度角,则将同时钉上48颗铆钉。如果需要额外的48颗铆钉,则发出电子信号,再次一起收回所有的钉锤就行了。从外到内,可以在各个打铆圆周中跳过铆钉。在最外圈打铆圆周与所有的较靠内的圆周之间,铆钉间距相对于较外的铆钉间距会变短,在这种情况下,就需要如上所述地跳过铆钉。
在该机器上,对于每个星形打铆机最多提供四个钉锤。但是,如果需要的操作是一次冲击完成的打铆,则可以增加顶压部件和钉锤的数目。实际上,通过以合适的方式设置,有不同的打铆和顶压机构的分布方案。可以在一次冲击中使用任何需要数量的铆钉完成对每个合适的表面的铆接。
尽管在所述的和示出的优选实施例中,打铆和顶压机构是转动的而被打铆的物体是静止的,但是,也可以使被打铆的物体转动而保持打铆和顶压机构不动。这种操作也处于本发明的保护范围之内,本发明的主旨是所述打铆和顶压机构的星形排布。
最后,必须强调,在不背离本发明的精神且不超出如所附权利要求所同样指出的保护范围的前提下,对于本发明的系统,可以对元件进行多种的修改、添加、变化和/或替换,例如,液压和气压驱动可以替换为其它类似的装置。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统,包括打铆和顶压机构,其特征在于,所述机构是沿一定数目的半径放置的星形排布的单元,从而每个半径的机构的单元仅仅必须锤击必须钉进由两个相邻的半径限定的并且要打铆的表面的扇形部分中的那些钉子。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,打铆机构固定于机器的上转台,且许多顶压机构分别固定于打铆机的下转台,要打铆的表面位于该两个转台之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,打铆机构包括:铆钉夹头,该铆钉夹头从选择器接收铆钉;以及汽缸的钉锤或杆,该汽缸的钉锤或杆将铆钉压进要打铆的表面。
4.如权利要求3所述的系统,其特征在于,铆钉选择器具有铆钉输送器,铆钉输送器从倾斜导槽接收铆钉后,通过软管将铆钉送到铆钉夹头,铆钉导槽从铆钉仓中拾取铆钉并将铆钉一个接一个地传递到往复运动的层压盘,层压盘将铆钉推到该输送器内部。
5.如权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,铆钉仓装有鼓风机式运动的部件,该部件在输送器的倾斜导槽前倾时向导槽供给铆钉。
6.如权利要求1-5中任一项权利要求所述的系统,其特征在于,打铆和顶压机构的星形排布适于进行沿任何类型的多个轮廓打铆。
7.如权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,该圆周轮廓由卷轴的轮缘的打铆同心圆构成,卷轴轮缘用于卷绕缆线、绳索或类似的元件。
8.如权利要求1-5中任一项权利要求所述的系统,其特征在于,当机构的数目与要施加的铆钉的数目相当时,能够在一次冲击中将要打铆的表面钉好。
9.如权利要求1-5中任一项权利要求所述的系统,其特征在于,打铆机构、顶压机构以及铆钉仓由液压缸驱动,且铆钉选择器由气压缸驱动。
10.如权利要求1-5中任一项权利要求所述的系统,其特征在于,打铆和顶压机构的星形排布适于进行沿圆周轮廓的打铆操作。
CNB028267141A 2002-01-04 2002-12-18 用于打铆机的在平坦表面上同时打铆的系统 Expired - Fee Related CN100400250C (zh)

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