CN100376223C - 具有一体吸收芯结构的一次性吸收制品 - Google Patents

具有一体吸收芯结构的一次性吸收制品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100376223C
CN100376223C CNB038092859A CN03809285A CN100376223C CN 100376223 C CN100376223 C CN 100376223C CN B038092859 A CNB038092859 A CN B038092859A CN 03809285 A CN03809285 A CN 03809285A CN 100376223 C CN100376223 C CN 100376223C
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Prior art keywords
core
layer
absorbent article
liquid
towards
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB038092859A
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CN1649554A (zh
Inventor
皮特罗·费博
卢吉·马里尼利
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及一次性吸收制品如卫生巾、紧身短裤衬里、婴儿尿布、成人失禁制品和汗垫。根据本发明,位于其面向穿着者的表面上的指定用于液体沉积的区域中的吸收制品具有一个单层顶片,在制品的使用期间将被吸收的液体位于该顶片上。吸收制品还包括形成液体阻挡表面的底片和位于顶片和底片之间的一体吸收芯。重要的是,所述一体芯改善了吸收制品的液体处理能力并增强了制品的遮蔽效果,即隐藏由于吸收的液体而造成的污渍的能力。这对于用于吸收高颜色强度如月经液体或老人的尿液的制品尤其有益。

Description

具有一体吸收芯结构的一次性吸收制品
发明领域
本发明涉及一次性吸收制品如卫生巾、紧身短裤衬里、婴儿尿布、成人失禁制品和汗垫。如本发明所述,位于面向穿着者表面上的指定用于液体沉积区域中的吸收制品具有一个单层顶片,该顶片上具有在制品的使用期间将被吸收的液体。吸收制品还包括形成液体阻挡表面的底片和位于顶片和底片之间的吸收芯。重要的是,一体芯改进了吸收制品的液体处理能力并增强了制品的遮蔽作用,即隐藏由于吸收液体而造成的污点的能力。这对于用于吸收具有高颜色强度的液体如月经液体或年纪较大者的尿液的制品尤其有益。
发明背景
吸收制品为本领域所熟知。更具体地讲,很好地记载了各种设计。尽管在一次性吸收制品领域已知使用一体的芯并已先前公开,这种制品尚未成功或在技术上尚不能令人满意,目前还缺乏商业可获得的实施方案便说明了这一点。
本文所用术语“一体的”是指单一结构,尽管潜在的物理和/或化学特征的内部变化被提供,但该单一结构的提供使其不能被分离成单独的层。这种一体的结构是本领域所熟知的,并也经常被称之为基质。然而,一次性吸收制品中的吸收芯已从多个层提供或作为顶片与多层结构相连。在这种情况下指出,本发明的吸收制品的定义不包括其中在一体的吸收结构的顶部提供了具有第二下层(至少在液体通常沉积到制品上的区域中),称之为第二顶片或分配层的顶片的构造。由通过宏机械或粘着性部件连接的多层制造的结构也是熟知的,并且在消费者可获得的吸收制品的实用实施方案中是常见的。然而,本发明并不把这种结构看作是一体的,因为它们由多个单独的层形成,这些层可以相互分离,尽管有时侯可能分离起来有点困难。
一体的流体采集、存储和芯吸材料公开在例如WO 0074620中,其中公开了具有用于流体采集、存储和分配的不同层或厚度区域的纤维吸收结构。
然而,该公开内容的缺陷在于采集、存储和分配系统的设计,其只是与通过组合不同的层可获得的设计相似。这些层在一个单一的程序中被铺置的事实并不改变最初在广泛用于商业制品中的多层构造中发现的缺陷,不同的是各层之间的液体流通得到了改善。然而,除了提供不同层之间的优异的液体流通特征外,本发明也改善了这种一体性结构遮蔽吸收制品顶片上的可见污点的能力。
本发明也尤其涉及具有一体吸收芯的吸收制品,其使得在一体性顶片和一体性吸收芯之间没有附加的层,至少是在通常使用期间在存储液体的区域中没有。因此,本发明的一个优点是三层(顶片、一体吸收芯和底片)的铺置能够提供吸收制品的全部和改进的功能性,从而降低制造这种制品的复杂性。在制造复杂性的各个方面应当注意的是,本发明的吸收制品设计大大简化了原材料采购、简化了原材料向生产设施的输送和简化了原材料与成品吸收制品的结合。
发明概述
根据本发明,提供了一次性吸收制品如具有面向穿着者表面和面向衣服表面的卫生巾,所述吸收制品包括顶片、底片(优选与顶片相连)和夹在顶片与底片之间的吸收芯。组分(顶片、底片、吸收芯)中的每一个都具有一个面向穿着者的表面和一个面向衣服的表面。
一次性吸收制品具有一个液体沉积区域,在该区域中液体在制品的常规使用期间被沉积以便被吸收到制品中。
顶片形成吸收制品的最外部表面和面向穿着者表面。液体可透过的顶片至少在液体沉积区域内包括一个单层。底片形成制品的液体阻挡表面和面向衣服表面。吸收芯介于顶片和底片之间。吸收芯是一体的并且具有面向穿着者表面和面向衣服表面。芯的面向衣服表面紧邻(即,与其保持直接液体接触)底片,吸收芯的面向穿着者表面紧邻顶片。
一体芯作为具有至少三层的纤维状的层状结构提供。所有的层通过单一热结合步骤或通过单一粘合步骤或通过热结合和粘合步骤的组合形成一体芯。由于一体性构造和层的结合是在一个单一步骤中进行,因此吸收芯的层之间没有使用粘合剂,也没有这个必要。
吸收芯的至少三个层包括形成芯的面向穿着者表面的第一最外层。第一层作为双组分纤维与纤维素或粘胶纤维的混合物提供,但优选作为非软化的纤维素纤维提供,其一起提供吸收芯的整体重量分数或10%至30%。吸收芯具有第二最外层,该层形成芯的面向衣服表面。芯的第二层由软化剂处理过的纤维素纤维提供。吸收芯的该层提供30%至50%的芯的总体重量分数,并且任选地包括表面粘合剂,优选乳胶,作为防尘部件,其以按芯的重量计0%至2%的量涂敷到芯的面向衣服表面上。
最后,吸收芯具有至少一个内层,该内层被夹在第一和第二层之间。该内层包括非软化的纤维素纤维,任选地包括双组分纤维,优选地与非软化的纤维素纤维均匀地混合。内层还包括优选成颗粒形式的超吸收性材料。内层具有芯的30%和50%之间的总体芯的重量分数。一次性吸收制品的特征尤其在于一体芯不含粘合剂材料,芯的不同层中的双组分纤维和芯的面向衣服表面上任选的表面粘合剂除外。
在一个优选的实施方案中,不要求在吸收芯中存在用于尘土控制的表面粘合剂。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,吸收芯的第一层占双组分纤维重量的60%至95%,和占纤维素或粘胶纤维重量的5%至40%。优选地,双组分纤维具有横截面,其具有一个聚丙烯中心部分和围绕聚丙烯的聚乙烯外涂层。更优选的和导致双组分纤维发生卷曲的是聚丙烯中心部分与双组分纤维的横截面的中心点不对称。这导致双组分纤维发生卷曲,从而为至少吸收芯的第一层提供额外的回弹力。
在另一个可供选择的优选实施方案中,吸收芯的内层的双组分纤维具有大的直径,其粗糙度为至少10dtex,优选在12dtex和20dtex之间,更优选在15dtex和18dtex之间。最后,为了便于制造和不降低本发明的吸收制品的性能,一个高度优选的实施方案将仅使用一种与上述优选的设计一致的双组分纤维。
附图简述
图1显示卫生巾的横截面示意图,其显示根据本发明的优选实施方案的卫生巾的内部层状结构。
图2显示图1的卫生巾的吸收结构的放大部分II,包括在芯中的两层之间的过渡的示意图。
发明详述
本发明涉及一次性吸收制品如卫生巾、紧身短裤衬里、失禁产品、汗垫和婴儿尿布。典型地,这类产品包括液体可透过的顶片、底片和介于所述顶片和底片之间的吸收芯这样的元件。根据本发明,顶片、底片和芯可选自任何已知类型的这些部件,前提条件是它们满足下述以及所附权利要求书中的设计及材料标准和条件。
一般来讲,顶片应具有良好的保水率以保持干燥的表面,从而保持穿着者的皮肤干燥;吸收芯需要提供足够的吸收容量和优选地允许蒸汽和/或空气流穿过,而底片应能够防止湿透(液体不可渗透性)以保留所吸收的液体并同时优选地具有充分的透气性。此外,单独元件相互连接在一起,优选地使用能够使最终产品具有希望的舒适度和性能水平的技术。
在本发明的下文描述中,面向穿着者方向的表面被称为面向穿着者表面。在附图中,该方向是朝着页面顶部的方向。此外,面向衣服方向的表面被称为面向衣服表面并且在附图中该方向朝向页面的底部。
在下文描述中,使用了术语“液体沉积区域”。液体沉积区域是指在通常的使用中液体被主要沉积的区域。该区域因此取决于其准确的尺寸和在制品上的位置。然而,技术人员将知道或能够限定液体沉积区域的最低尺寸和位置。更具体地讲,对于妇女护理制品,即卫生巾或紧身短裤衬里,该区域位于中心位置并具有2至5厘米的最低宽度和3至12厘米的最低长度。
吸收制品部件
顶片
根据本发明,吸收制品包括一个液体可透过的顶片。适用于本文的顶片包括纺织品、无纺材料和液体不可透过的聚合薄膜的三维纤网,所述聚合薄膜包括液体可透过的孔。在图1中,顶片用参考数字30表示。
本文使用的顶片是至少在液体沉积区域中的一个单层但在液体沉积区域之外可具有多个层(31)。在一个优选的实施方案中,在完全延伸的顶片上是一个单层,其在液体沉积区域中提供顶片的面向使用者表面和顶片的面向衣服表面。任选地,在顶片的面向穿着者表面上但仅在制品的周边区域延伸。有一个附加层也是可取的,该层提供额外的柔软性或额外的液体处理或保留能力(该设计通常被称为“混合顶片”)。顶片典型地延伸跨越整个吸收结构,并且能延伸进且组成优选但任选的侧翼、侧包装成分、翼状物或耳状物的一部分或全部。顶片也可缠绕在吸收芯边缘的周围。根本来讲,顶片可以作为单层提供,其从简化制造的角度来讲是优选的设计。
顶片整体上需要对穿着者的皮肤具有适应性、柔软性且无刺激。它还具有允许其朝一个或两个方向伸展的弹性特征。顶片的主要功能是采集和将来自穿着者的流体输送到吸收芯及吸收芯的容纳位置。除了液体可渗透性外,顶片应具有蒸汽渗透性和/或空气渗透性。
根据本发明,顶片可包括纺织材料、无纺材料,但优选地为液体可透过的有孔的聚合物薄膜,优选地至少在液体沉积区域中的面向穿着者表面和接触表面由具有孔的薄膜材料提供,所述孔旨在便于来自面向穿着者表面的液体传输到吸收结构中。这种液体可透过的有孔的薄膜是本领域所熟知的。它们提供有弹力的三维纤维状结构。这种薄膜详细地公开于例如US3 929 135、US 4 151 240、US 4 319 868、US 4 324 426、US 4 343 314、US 4591 523、US 4 609 518、US 4 629 643、US 4 695 422或WO 96/00548中。
这种薄膜的一个实施例可从位于Cincinnati,Ohio,USA的Procter &Gamble Company以商品名Dry weave获得。这种薄膜也可以商品名“PF-薄膜”获自位于Pistoia,Italy的Pantex公司。也可以使用US 5 591 510或WO 97/03118和WO 97/03795中描述用作透气底片中的层的薄膜,但可能需要修改孔以确保面向穿着者表面对于吸收芯的透气性,所述透气性为顶片的主要目的。这种修改可以例如是表面能量改动,其可通过创建薄膜的表面张力梯度积极地驱动液体进入和穿过孔。提供表面能量梯度的方法公开在WO 96/00548中。
吸收芯
根据本发明,适用于本文的吸收芯是一体型的吸收芯。在图1中,吸收芯显示为单一的层,其由分层或多层41、42、43、44组成。
本发明的吸收芯应具有高的蒸汽渗透性,优选地也具有高的空气渗透性。吸收芯优选地具有小于12mm、优选地小于8mm、更优选小于5mm、最优选4mm至2mm的厚度。
根据本发明,吸收芯可以包括下列分层:(a)第一最外层41,其提供邻近顶片30的表面,任选地与中间层42一起;(b)流体存储层43;(c)第二最外层44,其提供邻近底片的表面。
第一层
根据本发明的吸收芯的一个部件是第一层。第一层位于顶片的下面并与其保持直接流体传输。为了将获得的流体最终分配到存储层,顶层将获得的流体转移到该第一分配层中。流体通过主要分配层的这种转移主要但不仅仅发生在厚度中,而且还沿着吸收产品的长度和宽度方向发生。
第一层形成吸收芯的面向穿着者表面并且因此是芯的最外表面的层。第一层由纤维的混合物提供。纤维的混合物包括双组分纤维和疏水纤维作为纤维素和/或粘胶纤维,优选非软化的纤维素纤维。优选地,所述混合物的选择使得按重量计60%至95%的第一层由双组分纤维提供和按重量计5%至40%由纤维素和/或粘胶纤维提供。当然,也可以选择(未处理的)纤维素和粘胶纤维的混合物,因为这些被认为是等同物。在一个优选的实施方案中,所述量将被更严格地选择为按重量计80%至90%的双组分纤维和按重量计10%至20%的(未处理的)纤维素和粘胶纤维。
在下文中,术语“双组分纤维”是指具有两种组分的纤维。典型地,双组分纤维由相对类似的组分组成,例如这些相似的组分可能具有不同的熔融温度或软化温度。特定的实施方案和在本发明中优选的是聚丙烯/聚乙烯双组分纤维但其它组合如聚酯/聚乙烯、聚酯/聚丙烯、聚酰胺/聚酯、聚酰胺/聚乙烯、聚酰胺/聚丙烯也是可行的组合。然而常规使用的材料是上述聚丙烯聚乙烯纤维组合物,该组合物被提供的形式使得在纤维的一个横截面视图中具有高熔融或软化点的材料提供纤维的中心部分或芯,并且典型地决定纤维传输力的能力并具有一定的刚性或为结构提供回弹力,而纤维芯上的外涂层具有较低的熔融点并被用来促进包括这种纤维的基质的热粘合。尤其优选的是如果所谓的双组分纤维的轴芯设计与横截面的中心点不是精确地点对称,但提供了以一种对称的形式提供纤维的轴部分从而促使纤维卷曲。已发现这提供了纤维的回弹力和强度方面的有益效果。
在一个典型的本发明的实施方案中,所提供的聚丙烯的外部具有一个呈对非称形式的聚乙烯涂层,使得在一个高度优选的实施方案中约50%的纤维材料是聚丙烯且50%的纤维材料是聚乙烯。当然其它定量的量可以被选择并将极大程度地取决于总体的纤维尺寸,因为优选地由聚乙烯提供的纤维的表面的粘合剂的量需要具有一定的绝对厚度以便提供好的粘合效果,同时其相对的量可以变化。根据本发明,可以使用非常厚的纤维并且已经发现,聚乙烯聚丙烯种类的双组分纤维(但也可以是其它材料组合物)优选地以至少10dtex、优选在12dtex和20dtex之间、更优选在15dtex和18dtex之间的粗糙度提供。这种双组分纤维的一个实施例可以以商品名ES-Delta从丹麦的ES Fibervision公司,Engdraget 22,DK-6800 Varde获得,其具有16.7dtex,并且由聚丙烯芯提供并且完全由聚乙烯涂敷。这些纤维可以梳理形式获得,具有大约4.6mm的长度,已发现这在本发明的情况下是有用的。细双组分纤维的一个实施例,尤其可在本发明的第一层中使用的是Al Adhesion,1.7dtex,也购自Fibervsion公司。
可用于本发明的第一层中的其它纤维是(未处理的)纤维素纤维或粘胶/人造丝纤维或它们的组合。术语“处理过的”在该上下文中典型地是指软化处理并且两个术语在本文中可以同义使用。这种纤维可广泛获得并且在造纸过程中被制造。这些纤维在历史上一直广为人知并且两种纤维,更脆和较不柔韧的未软化的纤维素纤维,其未经过一种软化材料,例如造纸领域中熟知的季铵材料处理,被用于所述层中以强化该第一层所需的特定的回弹力。这提供了独特的能力,允许液体被采集而不会被自身的重量压垮。尤其优选的和可用于本发明的实施方案的是在该第一层中使用约15%的粘胶/人造丝纤维。这种粘胶/人造丝纤维可从大量的商业来源获得。第一层结构的残留由上述由Fibervision(Supra)提供的纤维提供。
由附图1所见,第一层41之后是由小点指示的第二层(42),其暗示这是特别薄的一层纯双组分纤维或低溶点热塑性纤维如聚乙烯纤维,提供与下层(43)的良好的热整合。
在一个单独的情形中,该层也可以由粘合剂纤维的极细混合物提供,该粘合剂纤维在本发明的一体芯的制造过程中被喷涂。由于由权利要求书定义的本发明使用了粘合剂而不包括这种设计,因此仅在此作为潜在的选择提及,如果需要寻找本发明的一种选择的话,其也是有用的,但会牺牲本发明的一些有益特征。甚至可以想象通过这样的一种粘合剂纤维的混合物将第一层与一体芯结构的剩余部分结合,该结合发生在该粘合之前在将第一层和/或一体芯层的剩余部分整合即粘合之后。尽管根据受权利要求书保护的本发明这不是优选的,但为了完整起见应在该上下文的情况下被提及。
然而,为了本发明的特定的有益的实施方案,根据提交的权利要求1其不要求任何附加的粘合剂材料层(42)也可以由热塑性颗粒如聚乙烯粉末提供。一个根据本发明的优选的实施方案将不会有层(42),以便将其结构限制为其最简单的形式(由此简化一体芯的制造工艺)为三层结构。
b流体存储层
与第一层保持流体相通并且典型地位于第一层下面的是流体存储层(43)。流体存储层包括吸收胶凝材料和合适的载体,所述胶凝材料通常被称为“水凝胶”、“超级吸收性材料”和“水胶体”材料。
这些吸收性胶凝材料典型地能够吸收大量含水体液,并进一步能够在适度压力下保持这种被吸收的流体。吸收胶凝材料可以均匀地或非均匀地分散在适当的载体中但优选被均匀地分散。
适用于本发明的吸收性胶凝材料经常包括一种基本水不溶性的、轻度交联、部分或全部中和的聚合胶凝材料。该材料在与水接触后形成水凝胶。这种材料可以从可聚合的、不饱和的含酸单体制备,这在本领域是熟知的。
合适载体包括用于吸收结构的材料,如天然、改性或合成纤维,尤其是未软化的纤维素纤维(呈绒毛形式)或它们的组合。然而,尤其是可从例如Weyerhauser公司获得的未处理的纤维素被用于本发明的流体存储层中。
小量少于50%重量的合成纤维也可以被附加使用并且可包括由下列制造的那些:纤维素乙酸根、聚乙烯基氯化物、聚偏1,1-二氯乙烯、丙烯酸(如奥纶)、聚乙烯乙酸根、不溶的聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺(如尼龙)、聚酯、双组分纤维、三组分纤维、具有表面毛细管的纤维,以及它们的混合物等等。优选地,这种纤维的表面是亲水性的,或被处理成亲水性的。存储层还可包括填充剂材料如珍珠岩、硅藻土、蛭石等,以改善保水率。优选的是使用微量的与第一层中使用的同种类型的双组分纤维。
如果吸收胶凝材料在载体中是非均匀分散的,则存储层还可以是局部均匀的,即在存储层容积内的一个或几个方向上具有分散梯度。优选地使用非均匀分散以使流体存储层的整个周边的一些部分不合吸收性胶凝材料或至少含量降低。
在本发明的流体存储层的一个实施例中,按所述层的重量计30%的混合物是吸收性胶凝材料,按层的重量计60%是由非软化的纤维素纤维和10%是与第一层中使用的同种类型的双组分纤维提供。
第二层
包含在本发明的吸收芯中的第二最外层是纤维层44,其邻近存储层并典型地位于存储层的下面。该位于下面的纤维层或第二最外层形成吸收性一体芯的面向衣服表面。由软化剂处理过的纤维素纤维提供的第二层为该纤维素提供尤其好的润湿表面和降低的回弹力,因此在制品的使用期间在离穿着者最远的吸收结构的哪个层中产生了一个更紧密的缓冲效果。该层应提供吸收结构的整个重量的30%至50%,并应完全由软化剂处理过的纤维素纤维或粘胶纤维或它们的组合组成。然而,正是由于在这种软化剂处理过的纤维素材料中存在的大量的短纤维才使得提供最外表面成为可能,最外表面即该层的面向衣服表面,其具有少量的喷撒的的粘合剂材料或换句话讲分散到该层的最外表面上的粘合剂材料。该粘合剂材料不旨在也不支持整个吸收芯的粘合但仅提供降低的灰尘度和离开第二层的表面的断裂纤维。具体地讲,这可能仅仅是用于尘土控制的粘合剂材料的与制造工艺相关的应用,而不是旨在影响吸收芯的性能。这种粘合剂的量按吸收芯的重量计可以在0%和2%之间,优选在1%和0%之间,当然如果尘土控制在这种制品的制造过程中可以通过其它方法获得的话,优选地是不使用粘合剂。粘合剂可以是例如乳胶类型的粘合剂但还未发现仅使用水的可能性。
吸收结构的其它任选部分
如本发明所述的吸收芯可以包括正常存在于吸收网中的其它任选部分。例如,靠近或作为第一层或流体存储层的一部分,可以提供气味控制剂例如沸石、碳黑、硅酸盐、乙二胺四乙酸或其它明胶。这种化学剂优选地以颗粒形式或作为颗粒的一部分提供,并且可以与例如上述吸收性胶凝材料一起提供。
一体芯中的层的整合
根据本发明,一体芯作为单一的一体结构提供。其由热粘合或粘结或这些结合步骤的组合创建。因此,在发生任何粘合之前,一体芯需要通过下列步骤提供:将上述各种材料相互叠放,然后进行压光以减少结构的厚度和体积。压光步骤产生致密效果,该致密效果在整个结构中提供相同的力。该压光步骤之后,紧接着是使用针进行热粘合或粘结或它们的组合例如使用热针进行粘结和将一体吸收芯结构暴露于热空气中。
应特别注意的是,压光不必在一个单一步骤中完成,其可以在两个或多个步骤中完成。然而重要的是,压光在一体结构的整体上实施,而不是在不同的单个层上实施。
在粘合不同的层之前,不同的层内或层之间没有特定的完整性,因此吸收结构内的力在粘合之前不受吸收结构的支撑。因此,压光需要认真地进行并将创建一个不同层之间的已经存在的轻微的机械集合。
有趣的是已经发现,在满足上述设计标准的前提下,压缩将导致第二最外层更加紧密而第一最外层由于高含量的双组分纤维和它们的回弹力,将比第二最外层相对扩展的更多,从而产生了一个自吸收结构的面向穿着者表面向面向衣服表面的密度梯度。该梯度与毛细管的相同类型的梯度一致,所述毛细管在第一层中最大,紧接着在吸收芯的整个厚度中朝着第二层的方向毛细管逐渐减少。由于液体被驱入材料中但并不从中释放,相反被存储在存储芯中,毛细管和密度梯度对于吸收性能是尤其有益的。对于吸收结构,这也具有提供前所未有的遮蔽能力的惊人效果,其效果在于液体,包括例如月经流体或老年人的深黄色的尿液,将穿透进入结构中但将在结构内分布,因此相对于同种沉积与常规结构或甚至相同的层的组合但相互粘合到一起,其将在外部表面上显示减少的可视污渍面积。
从图2可以看到,在一层(在本图中标示为层(43))和第二层(在本图中简示为层(44))的区域是不明显的过渡区(43.5)。在该过渡区,一层中的材料已经与邻层的材料混合。当组合本发明的吸收芯时,这些过渡区尽管相对于其他层非常的薄,但在本发明的吸收芯的不同层之间产生了一个甚至更强的整合。一旦整合,必须破坏由吸收芯整合形成的该过渡区才能将吸收芯结构分开。因此,当试图评估芯对于本发明要求的符合性时,有必要使用统计学分离方法以便获得对于不同层中的材料的量的相当准确的测量。一种便于分离本发明的吸收芯中的层的方法是使用深层冷冻法,例如与液态氮接触和在各层处于冷冻的状态时在显微镜下切割各层。这种切口必须位于过渡区(43.5)的中心,如图2所示。
过渡区具有技术上的重要性,因为它们能够防止特征渐变,这些特征包括例如毛细管作用、密度、材料组成(由于材料混合产生)。它们是芯的一体形成的结果。本发明的实施方案中的多种变型是可能的并且仅受限于所附的权利要求书。
底片
本发明的吸收制品也包括底片(50)。底片主要用于防止自与吸收制品接触的湿材料吸收流出物,和用于容纳在吸收结构中的流出物,所述吸收制品包括例如内裤、裤子、睡衣、内衣、衬衫或夹克,因此底片作为阻碍流体传输的屏障。然而除此之外,本发明的优选实施方案的底片允许至少水蒸汽和空气穿过,并因此允许空气循环进入和水蒸汽离开制品。底层典型地延伸跨越整个吸收结构,并且能延伸进入且组成优选的侧翼、侧包装成分或翼状物的一部分或全部,如果存在的话。
对于本发明的一个优选的实施方案,可用于本文的适当的透气的底片包括至少一液体不可透过的聚合物底片层例如聚乙烯薄膜。底片也可以可供选择地包括有弹力的三维网,该网由液体不可透过的薄膜组成,该薄膜具有阀状的孔并且是空气或蒸汽可透过的并同时阻止液体传输。可用于本文的优选的透气底片是那些具有高蒸汽交换、最优选既有高蒸汽交换又有高空气交换的底片。其如此定向以至于当允许自由的空气流动和水蒸汽通过它时,由于阀状的孔它延迟或防止了液体从吸收芯通向外表。
在另一个实施方案中,附加的底片层与上述有孔薄膜一起提供。附加层是至少水蒸汽可透过的,以便维持制品的透气性。为了进一步改善制品渗透性提供的舒适有益效果,虽然不是必须的,但希望其也具有空气渗透性。在这种情况下,合适的水蒸汽和空气可透过的层包括二维微或宏孔薄膜,其也可以是微观或宏观扩展的薄膜、成型的孔薄膜和整块薄膜,以及无纺材料或纺织材料。这种薄膜详细地公开在例如EPO 293 482中和其中的参考中,或公开在US 3,929,135、US 4 637 819和US 4 591 523中。优选地该薄膜层是根据前述US-A-5,591,510或PCT WO-97/03818、WO-97/03795制成的。具体地讲,该层包括具有毛细管的聚合物薄膜。该毛细管以小于90度的角延伸远离薄膜的面向穿着者的表面。为了方便制造,将单层或重新组合的多层结构用作底片50是可取的。
吸收制品构造
根据本发明,制品的元件,即顶片、底片和吸收芯元件彼此互连。元件或层横跨它们的公用界面的全部或部分或区域连接在一起。以这种方式,顶片与吸收芯相连,并且吸收芯与底片相连。此外,如果底片包括不止一层,这些层也可能类似地连接。在一个尤其优选的实施方案中,顶片和底片延伸超过吸收芯的边缘,并且顶片直接(或间接)地与底片相连以包含吸收芯。在这种情况下,间接连接包括通过一个中间层例如粘合剂层或另一层连接,而直接连接包括通过分布的粘合剂网络或其它方法进行的粘合剂连接,在连接的不同层之间产生直接接触。
制品的元件可通过本领域已知的任何用于连接材料的两个相邻层的方法来连接,这使得不同的层通过连接手段相互直接连接或间接连接。合适的连接手段包括粘合剂、熔合粘合、超声键合、缝合、热合(例如在交叉点通过焊接纤维的热粘合或熔融聚合物以将纤维或薄膜相互连接)、压花、褶皱、压力粘合、动态机械粘合或它们的组合。
尤其是,如果吸收制品可用作卫生巾或紧身短裤衬里,吸收制品也可具有紧身短裤紧固部件,其提供将制品附着到内衣的方法。例如,紧身短裤紧固部件可包括机械扣件如以商品名VELCRO市售的钩环扣件、摁扣或扣座儿。可供选择地,制品通过底片上的紧身短裤紧固粘合剂被紧固到内衣上。紧身短裤紧固粘合剂提供将制品固定到紧身短裤上的方法,优选地提供将弄脏的制品固定到一个折叠和包裹物上的条件以便于处理。
根据本发明,吸收制品可有益地作为卫生巾、紧身短裤衬里、成人失禁产品、汗垫和尿布使用。然而,卫生巾和紧身短裤衬里尤其受益于本发明。一次性制品因此可以具有所有这些特征和部分,这对于产品用于预期的使用目的是典型的。对于卫生巾,这尤其包括翼或侧翼,其位于卫生巾的边缘并且围绕内衣的裆边折叠。侧翼也可以作为卫生巾的一个或几个元件如顶片和/或底片的延伸提供。它们也可以单独地制造并被连接到卫生巾的侧部边缘。

Claims (7)

1.具有液体沉积区域的一次性吸收制品,所述制品包括
-液体可透过的顶片,所述液体可透过的顶片形成所述制品的最外表面和面向穿着者表面并且由至少位于所述液体沉积区域中的单层组成,
-底片,所述底片形成所述制品的液体阻挡表面和面向衣服表面,
-介于所述顶片和所述底片之间的吸收芯,所述芯为一体结构并具有面向穿着者表面和面向衣服表面,所述面向衣服表面紧邻所述底片并且所述面向穿着者表面紧邻所述顶片;
所述芯为纤维性的、成层的至少三层的层状结构,其中所有的层通过单一的热结合步骤或单一的粘合步骤或这两种步骤的组合整合到所述芯中但在层之间不使用粘合剂,所述芯包括
-形成所述芯的所述面向穿着者表面的第一最外层,所述第一最外层由双组分纤维和纤维素或粘胶纤维的混合物提供,并且所述第一最外层占总体芯结构的重量分数为10%至30%,其中所述双组分纤维具有横截面,其具有聚丙烯中心部分和位于所述聚丙烯上的聚乙烯外涂层,以及其中所述双组分纤维通过下列方法卷曲:将所述中心部分和所述外涂层相对于所述横截面的中心点非对称地放置
-形成所述芯的所述面向衣服表面的第二最外层,所述第二最外层由软化剂处理过的纤维素纤维和表面粘合剂提供,并且所述第二最外层占总体芯的重量分数为30%至50%,所述表面粘合剂位于所述芯的所述面向衣服表面上,并且其含量按所述芯的重量计为0%至2%,和
-至少一个内层,所述内层夹在所述第一最外层和所述第二最外层之间,所述内层包括非软化的纤维素纤维以及超吸收性材料,所述内层占总体芯的重量分数为30%至50%,和
-所述芯除了包含位于所述芯层中的双组分纤维和位于所述芯的所述面向衣服表面上的所述表面粘合剂外,不含粘合剂材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一次性吸收制品,其中所述第一最外层由双组分和非软化的纤维素纤维的混合物提供。
3.如权利要求2所述的一次性吸收制品,其中所述表面粘合剂是乳胶。
4.如权利要求1所述的一次性吸收制品,其中不含所述表面粘合剂。
5.如权利要求1所述的一次性吸收制品,其中所述芯的所述第一最外层包括按重量计60%至95%的双组分纤维和按重量计5%至40%的纤维素或粘胶纤维。
6.如权利要求1所述的一次性吸收制品,其中在所述吸收芯的所述内层中的双组分纤维具有较大的直径,所述直径由至少10dtex的粗度限定。
7.如权利要求1所述的一次性吸收制品,其中在所述吸收芯中的所有所述双组分纤维是相同的。
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US20130253460A1 (en) 2013-09-26
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EP1356797B1 (en) 2006-12-20
US9138360B1 (en) 2015-09-22
US8841506B2 (en) 2014-09-23
WO2003090656A1 (en) 2003-11-06
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US10034800B2 (en) 2018-07-31
EP1356797A1 (en) 2003-10-29
US11160695B2 (en) 2021-11-02
US9144524B2 (en) 2015-09-29
DE60216892T2 (de) 2007-08-30
CN1649554A (zh) 2005-08-03
US20030204178A1 (en) 2003-10-30
US20140358103A1 (en) 2014-12-04
US8461412B2 (en) 2013-06-11
US20150366728A1 (en) 2015-12-24
ATE348585T1 (de) 2007-01-15
MXPA04010043A (es) 2004-12-13
JP4531401B2 (ja) 2010-08-25

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