CA2584822A1 - Impact-absorbing members for dynamic impact applications - Google Patents
Impact-absorbing members for dynamic impact applications Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2584822A1 CA2584822A1 CA002584822A CA2584822A CA2584822A1 CA 2584822 A1 CA2584822 A1 CA 2584822A1 CA 002584822 A CA002584822 A CA 002584822A CA 2584822 A CA2584822 A CA 2584822A CA 2584822 A1 CA2584822 A1 CA 2584822A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- impact
- absorbing member
- cellular polymer
- strain
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 68
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 15
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010019196 Head injury Diseases 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002666 chemical blowing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethyl-3-phenylbutan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQXMTGGSTPHPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethyl-3-phenyl-1h-indene Chemical class CC1(C)CC2=CC=CC=C2C1(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MQXMTGGSTPHPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000029224 Thoracic injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Sb](=O)O[Sb](=O)=O LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 2
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQJUBZMZVKITBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,4-dimethyl-4-phenylhexan-3-yl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(CC)C(C)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 WQJUBZMZVKITBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQXQVNJNMGVBLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxyphenyl) bis(4-methylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=C(O)C=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 YQXQVNJNMGVBLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,6-dihydrazinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=NC(NN)=NC(NN)=N1 CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNDVTDGELDURCN-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobut-2-ene Chemical compound BrC(Br)C(\Br)=C(/Br)C(Br)Br VNDVTDGELDURCN-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASRMWYDEZPXXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (sulfonylamino)urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NN=S(=O)=O ASRMWYDEZPXXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJFNJMCYFVSADL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3-tetrabromononane Chemical compound CCCCCCC(Br)CC(Br)(Br)Br SJFNJMCYFVSADL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDWQLICBSFIDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropropane Chemical compound CCC(F)(F)F KDWQLICBSFIDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYKVFHBOIMNSSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrabromo-2-ethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCC1(Br)C(Br)CCCC1(Br)Br PYKVFHBOIMNSSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHMOQCYOOUHZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-[1-(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenoxy)ethoxy]benzene Chemical class BrC=1C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C=1OC(C)OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br YHMOQCYOOUHZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZOSVZSBPTTWIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-chlorocyclohexane Chemical compound ClC1C(Br)C(Br)C(Br)C(Br)C1Br UZOSVZSBPTTWIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVVYMSXDQGDASK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tribromo-4-[2-(2,3,4-tribromophenoxy)ethoxy]benzene Chemical class BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=CC=C1OCCOC1=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br YVVYMSXDQGDASK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC1Br DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQRRSJBLKOPVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound BrCC(Br)C1CCC(Br)C(Br)C1 PQRRSJBLKOPVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXIZRZRTWSDLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromo-5-[2-[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]-2-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(OCC(Br)CBr)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(OCC(Br)CBr)C(Br)=C1 LXIZRZRTWSDLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPPWGCYEYAMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C1 SPPWGCYEYAMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQSQUYVFNGIECQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-dimethyl-1-n,4-n-dinitrosobenzene-1,4-dicarboxamide Chemical compound O=NN(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)N(C)N=O)C=C1 CQSQUYVFNGIECQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHUGKEQJSLOLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(bromomethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CBr)CBr CHUGKEQJSLOLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZXSQDNPKVBDOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoropropane Chemical compound CC(C)(F)F YZXSQDNPKVBDOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMQUQOHNANGDOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibromo-4-(2,4-dibromo-5-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(O)=C(Br)C=C1Br CMQUQOHNANGDOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutane Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)C ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)-1-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(I)C(CBr)=C1 YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004808 2-ethylhexylester Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEJPOEGPNIVDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr QEJPOEGPNIVDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCRYBQKHEDNBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RCRYBQKHEDNBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYUJRXVZSJCHDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RYUJRXVZSJCHDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100031612 Hypermethylated in cancer 1 protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710133850 Hypermethylated in cancer 1 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQYJRMFWJJONBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(Br)COP(=O)(OCC(Br)CBr)OCC(Br)CBr PQYJRMFWJJONBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]urea Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NNC(N)=O)C=C1 VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYGUBTIWNBFFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](#[C-])N1C(=O)NC=2NC(=O)NC2C1=O Chemical compound [N+](#[C-])N1C(=O)NC=2NC(=O)NC2C1=O VYGUBTIWNBFFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[AlH3] RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical group BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QARIOUOTENZTDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl (2-phenylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QARIOUOTENZTDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical class C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexabromobenzene Chemical class BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br CAYGQBVSOZLICD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMHGSMSQZEBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexabromodiphenyl ethers Chemical class BrC1=CC(Br)=CC(Br)=C1OC1=CC(Br)=CC(Br)=C1Br OJMHGSMSQZEBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004619 high density foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002468 indanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)Cl ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VOWPVJACXJNHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 VOWPVJACXJNHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004197 pelvis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011145 styrene acrylonitrile resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006249 styrenic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005147 toluenesulfonyl group Chemical group C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)*)C 0.000 description 1
- KFUSEUYYWQURPO-OWOJBTEDSA-N trans-1,2-dichloroethene Chemical group Cl\C=C\Cl KFUSEUYYWQURPO-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093635 tributyl phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCOP(=O)(OCCC)OCCC RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)(CBr)COP(=O)(OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc;tin(4+);hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Sn+4] BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/09—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture
- C08G18/092—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/37—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers of foam-like material, i.e. microcellular material, e.g. sponge rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/04—Padded linings for the vehicle interior ; Energy absorbing structures associated with padded or non-padded linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2350/00—Acoustic or vibration damping material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62727804P | 2004-11-12 | 2004-11-12 | |
| US60/627,278 | 2004-11-12 | ||
| PCT/US2005/040569 WO2006053029A1 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2005-11-10 | Impact-absorbing members for dynamic impact applications |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2584822A1 true CA2584822A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
Family
ID=36043332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002584822A Abandoned CA2584822A1 (en) | 2004-11-12 | 2005-11-10 | Impact-absorbing members for dynamic impact applications |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7977396B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1812726B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP2008519891A (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR101253364B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN100564929C (https=) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0516691A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2584822A1 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MX2007005598A (https=) |
| RU (1) | RU2388946C2 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2006053029A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0415629D0 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2004-08-18 | Leuven K U Res & Dev | Novel protective helmet |
| EP2029666A4 (en) * | 2006-06-21 | 2010-10-06 | Arkema Inc | THERMOPLASTIC FUNGER COMBINATION |
| CH697891B1 (de) * | 2007-01-19 | 2009-03-13 | Kybun Ag | Fitness- und Therapiematte zum Stehen und Gehen. |
| EP2137248A2 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2009-12-30 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Alkenyl aromatic foam with low solubility hydrofluorocarbon |
| WO2008150955A1 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Energy absorbing member |
| CN101795842B (zh) * | 2007-08-27 | 2013-03-06 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 成型挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫的改进方法及由其制备的制品 |
| ES2425496T3 (es) * | 2008-04-25 | 2013-10-15 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Espuma de copolímero de estireno-acrilonitrilo con sesgo positivo |
| WO2010093524A2 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method for manufacturing a plurality of shaped foam articles |
| DE102009040203A1 (de) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Puren Gmbh | Formschaumelement mit zumindest zwei unterscheidbaren Geometriestrukturen |
| KR101808884B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-29 | 2017-12-13 | 바스프 에스이 | 멜라민/포름알데히드 수지를 기재로 하는 탄성 압축 발포체의 제조 방법 |
| US8829082B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2014-09-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Self-healing material with orthogonally functional capsules |
| US10834987B1 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2020-11-17 | Apex Biomedical Company, Llc | Protective liner for helmets and other articles |
| EP2716153A1 (de) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-09 | Basf Se | Stallbodenbelag aus expandiertem thermoplastischem Polyurethan-Partikelschaumstoff |
| US20160311994A1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2016-10-27 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Anisotropic polycarbonate foam |
| US10507922B2 (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2019-12-17 | Jamco Corporation | Energy absorbing backshell |
| EP3595889A4 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2021-01-27 | Hanwha Azdel, Inc. | MULTI-LAYER ARRANGEMENTS WITH A REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC SURFACE LAYER AND A CORE LAYER |
| WO2019210288A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Nike Innovate C.V. | Methods for compression molding foam articles |
| US11905733B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2024-02-20 | ASSA ABLOY Accessories and Door Controls Group, Inc. | Dampener for an exit device |
Family Cites Families (41)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1099313A (en) | 1964-05-11 | 1968-01-17 | Champion Paper Co Ltd | Improvements in cellular structural material and method |
| FR2130111A1 (en) * | 1971-03-25 | 1972-11-03 | Roehm Gmbh | Foam cored panels - using anisotropic pre-compressed foams to increase the stiffness/weight ratio |
| US3906137A (en) * | 1971-03-25 | 1975-09-16 | Roehm Gmbh | Laminate having a compressed foam core |
| JPS544027B2 (https=) * | 1972-05-30 | 1979-03-01 | ||
| US4510268A (en) * | 1982-04-09 | 1985-04-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Directional flexibilization of expanded thermoplastic foam sheet for low temperature insulation |
| US4668729A (en) | 1983-12-15 | 1987-05-26 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for compression molding of thermoplastic resin and moldings molded by said process |
| US4579774A (en) | 1984-10-30 | 1986-04-01 | Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Reinforced laminate |
| US4721329A (en) | 1986-04-11 | 1988-01-26 | Breed Corporation | Elastically restoring knee bolster for motor vehicles |
| SU1643242A1 (ru) * | 1988-12-05 | 1991-04-23 | Львовский политехнический институт им.Ленинского комсомола | Травмозащитный коленный упор |
| US5102163A (en) | 1989-06-27 | 1992-04-07 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Impact energy absorbing structure for a vehicle |
| US5141279A (en) | 1991-09-23 | 1992-08-25 | Davidson Textron Inc. | Side impact protection apparatus |
| DE4208759A1 (de) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-23 | Basf Ag | Schaumstoffplatten mit verbesserten waermedaemmeigenschaften und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| DE4236579A1 (de) | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-09 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaumstoffplatten mit hoher Druckfestigkeit aus Styrolpolymerisaten |
| US5395135A (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1995-03-07 | Ford Motor Company | Energy absorbing vehicle door and side panels |
| US5526622A (en) | 1993-06-22 | 1996-06-18 | Augustine; Terrence E. | Trailer side panel assembly |
| KR0169075B1 (ko) * | 1994-01-31 | 1999-03-20 | 유미꾸라 레이이찌 | 프로필렌 중합체 수지 압출 발포체 |
| DE4408928A1 (de) * | 1994-03-16 | 1995-09-21 | Herbert K F Dipl Ing D Boerger | Verwendung eines Schaumstoffzuschnitts als Dämpfungselement und flächiges Dämpfungselement |
| US5718968A (en) | 1996-01-10 | 1998-02-17 | Motherlode, L.L.C. | Memory molded, high strength polystyrene |
| US5720510A (en) | 1996-03-28 | 1998-02-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Energy absorbing vehicle pillar structure |
| AU8269298A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-19 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Energy absorbing articles of extruded thermoplastic foams |
| DE19753178A1 (de) | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-10 | Sommer Allibert Lignotock Gmbh | Cockpit für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| WO1999054390A1 (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 1999-10-28 | Kaneka Corporation | Extruded styrene resin foam and process for producing the same |
| US6342288B1 (en) | 1998-06-24 | 2002-01-29 | Bridgestone Corporation | Shock absorbing material |
| US6009682A (en) | 1998-07-02 | 2000-01-04 | Audubon Products, Inc. | Composite hand rail |
| US5932331A (en) | 1998-10-08 | 1999-08-03 | Simco Automotive Trim, Inc. | Automotive trim panel having dual density foam support layer |
| DE19918685A1 (de) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-02 | Jens Lauer | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von geschäumten Metallen mit kontrollierter Erzeugung ausgeprägter Anisothropien |
| WO2000066354A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkenyl aromatic polymer foam laminates |
| DE19952570A1 (de) | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-03 | Bayer Ag | Energieabsorber für ein Absorbieren von Stoßenergie |
| CA2399457C (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2009-09-15 | L&L Products, Inc. | Structural reinforcement system for automotive vehicles |
| JP2001277954A (ja) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-10 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 加飾部材 |
| BR0115597A (pt) | 2000-11-24 | 2003-09-02 | Woodbridge Foam Corp | Forro veicular e método para a produção do mesmo |
| US6708462B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2004-03-23 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Foam-in-place seal and method |
| GB0119357D0 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2001-10-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Energy absorption unit |
| JP4042894B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-05 | 2008-02-06 | 株式会社ジェイエスピー | 熱成形用ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シートの製造方法及びポリスチレン系樹脂発泡シート |
| US20030225172A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-04 | Miller Larry M. | To enhance the thermal insulation of polymeric foam by reducing cell anisotropic ratio and the method for production thereof |
| US20040001945A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-01 | Cate Peter J. | Composite foam structure having an isotropic strength region and anisotropic strength region |
| US20030116993A1 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-06-26 | Skarb Brian P. | Vehicle part and method of making same |
| US20040256878A1 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-23 | Jsp Licenses, Inc. | Fragmentation-resistant instrument panel and method of making same |
| US20040256879A1 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-23 | Jsp Licenses, Inc. | Instrument panel and method of making same |
| US7163250B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2007-01-16 | Bbi Enterprises, L.P. | Load floor assembly |
| US7220374B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2007-05-22 | Cadillac Products Automotive Company | Molded foam vehicle energy absorbing device and method of manufacture |
-
2005
- 2005-11-10 CA CA002584822A patent/CA2584822A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-10 WO PCT/US2005/040569 patent/WO2006053029A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-11-10 US US11/272,217 patent/US7977396B2/en active Active
- 2005-11-10 KR KR1020077010764A patent/KR101253364B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-10 RU RU2007121655/11A patent/RU2388946C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-10 BR BRPI0516691-8A patent/BRPI0516691A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-10 MX MX2007005598A patent/MX2007005598A/es unknown
- 2005-11-10 EP EP05848700.0A patent/EP1812726B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-11-10 JP JP2007541289A patent/JP2008519891A/ja active Pending
- 2005-11-10 CN CNB2005800389273A patent/CN100564929C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7977396B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
| MX2007005598A (es) | 2007-05-23 |
| US20060148919A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| KR20070085320A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
| KR101253364B1 (ko) | 2013-04-11 |
| EP1812726A1 (en) | 2007-08-01 |
| CN100564929C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
| EP1812726B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| BRPI0516691A (pt) | 2008-09-16 |
| JP2008519891A (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
| RU2007121655A (ru) | 2008-12-27 |
| RU2388946C2 (ru) | 2010-05-10 |
| CN101057086A (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
| WO2006053029A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7977396B2 (en) | Impact-absorbing members for dynamic impact applications | |
| EP2164690B1 (en) | Energy absorbing member | |
| KR101267297B1 (ko) | 차량 에너지 흡수를 위한 개선된 발포체 | |
| JP2003127796A (ja) | 衝撃吸収性自動車用フロアスペーサ | |
| US20060103044A1 (en) | Composite foam structure having an isotropic strength region and anisotropic strength region | |
| JPH0716867A (ja) | 自動車用内装部材の緩衝構造 | |
| JPS6157504B2 (https=) | ||
| JP4021928B2 (ja) | 自動車用フロアスペーサの衝撃吸収部材 | |
| JP2008231175A (ja) | 発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子および該発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子からなるポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体 | |
| JP4053578B2 (ja) | 衝撃吸収性自動車用フロアスペーサ | |
| JP4021929B2 (ja) | 衝撃吸収性自動車用フロアスペーサ | |
| JP4576311B2 (ja) | 車両用衝撃吸収材 | |
| JP2005083399A (ja) | 衝撃吸収部材 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20121113 |