CA2268666C - Method of reducing or preventing scaling - Google Patents
Method of reducing or preventing scaling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2268666C CA2268666C CA002268666A CA2268666A CA2268666C CA 2268666 C CA2268666 C CA 2268666C CA 002268666 A CA002268666 A CA 002268666A CA 2268666 A CA2268666 A CA 2268666A CA 2268666 C CA2268666 C CA 2268666C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- use according
- aqueous solution
- electrolysis chamber
- electrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 32
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypobromite Chemical compound Br[O-] JGJLWPGRMCADHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F1/46114—Electrodes in particulate form or with conductive and/or non conductive particles between them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46128—Bipolar electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
- C02F2201/4613—Inversing polarity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4616—Power supply
- C02F2201/4617—DC only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
- C02F2301/024—Turbulent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH250896 | 1996-10-15 | ||
| CH2508/96 | 1996-10-15 | ||
| CH181697 | 1997-07-29 | ||
| CH1816/97 | 1997-07-29 | ||
| PCT/IB1997/001243 WO1998016477A1 (de) | 1996-10-15 | 1997-10-08 | Verfahren zur reduzierung bzw. verhinderung der steinbildung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2268666A1 CA2268666A1 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
| CA2268666C true CA2268666C (en) | 2006-12-19 |
Family
ID=25688754
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002268666A Expired - Fee Related CA2268666C (en) | 1996-10-15 | 1997-10-08 | Method of reducing or preventing scaling |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6258250B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0932583B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP3853372B2 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1105082C (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE244686T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU728729B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2268666C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE59710429D1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1998016477A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (50)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6130990A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-10-10 | Nestec S.A. | On-demand direct electrical resistance heating system and method thereof |
| DE19911875A1 (de) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-28 | Judo Wasseraufbereitung | Vorrichtung zur elektrolytischen Behandlung von Wasser bzw. wässrigen Lösungen |
| IT1309792B1 (it) | 1999-04-22 | 2002-01-30 | Eltek Spa | Elettrodomestico utilizzante acqua, in particolare una macchinadi lavaggio, con dispositivo perfezionato per l'abbattimento |
| DE10030340C2 (de) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-08-14 | Perma Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Wasser |
| IL142984A0 (en) * | 2001-05-06 | 2002-04-21 | Scaletech Ltd | Apparatus and method for preventing scale formation in circulating water systems |
| FR2844783B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-07 | 2008-05-30 | Patrice Guy Noel Combe | Installation pour l'assainissement d'eau dont la frequence et la duree de fonctionnement sont reglables par un simple utilisateur |
| US7951176B2 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2011-05-31 | Synthes Usa, Llc | Bone plate |
| US11259851B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2022-03-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bone plate |
| DE20321151U1 (de) | 2003-08-26 | 2006-09-07 | Synthes Gmbh | Knochenplatte |
| US8574268B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 | 2013-11-05 | DePuy Synthes Product, LLC | Highly-versatile variable-angle bone plate system |
| US11291484B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 | 2022-04-05 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Highly-versatile variable-angle bone plate system |
| US20080302651A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2008-12-11 | Miz Co., Ltd. | Performance Maintaining Method For Electrolyzed Functional Water Generating Apparatus |
| JP4919249B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-09 | 2012-04-18 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | 電気分解用複合電極及び電気分解槽 |
| DE102006005415A1 (de) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-16 | Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh | Wasserbehandlungseinrichtung |
| US8187444B2 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2012-05-29 | Eric John Kruger | Fluid treatment device |
| US20110120870A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2011-05-26 | Eric John Kruger | Method and apparatus for treating a fluid |
| CN101381130B (zh) * | 2008-10-16 | 2013-05-01 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | 水处理设备及其自动换极电路 |
| EP2370725B1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2016-04-06 | EPFF Electrical Pipe For Fluid transport AB | A pipe and a method for reducing biofilms |
| RU2437842C2 (ru) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-12-27 | Ашот Папикович Хачатрян | Бездиафрагменный электролизер для активации продуктов и сред и устройство, включающее электролизер (варианты) |
| JP5146437B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-09 | 2013-02-20 | パナソニック株式会社 | 給湯機 |
| US20110192179A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Freije Iii William F | Evaporative heat transfer system and method |
| GB2491702B (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2019-02-13 | Weatherford Tech Holdings Llc | A system and method for scale inhibition |
| US9447657B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2016-09-20 | The Lubrizol Corporation | System and method for scale inhibition |
| US9986600B2 (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2018-05-29 | Koninklijke Philips N.V | Prevention or reduction of scaling on a heater element of a water heater |
| EP3257819B1 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2019-10-02 | De Nora Holdings US, Inc. | Electrolytic on-site generator |
| US20120043223A1 (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | David Sherzer | Water treatment method |
| JP2012180538A (ja) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-20 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 硫酸電解方法および硫酸電解装置 |
| DE102012101031B4 (de) | 2012-02-08 | 2019-02-14 | Perma-Trade Wassertechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Kalkansatz |
| CN104903249A (zh) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-09-09 | 小利兰斯坦福大学 | 水灭菌装置和其用途 |
| CN102826662A (zh) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-19 | 上海清里洁水处理科技有限公司 | 多通道高频脉冲水处理系统 |
| US20150284275A1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-08 | Fredrick Billy Otieno Ongeche | Method and device for treating fouling in water systems |
| US20150284276A1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-08 | Fredrick Billy Otieno Ongeche | Method and device for treating fouling in water systems |
| TWI551858B (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-10-01 | Solteam Opto Inc | Method for measuring the conductivity of conductor oxidation |
| CN105223236B (zh) * | 2014-06-18 | 2018-05-25 | 捷腾光电股份有限公司 | 减缓导体氧化的电导率量测方法 |
| JP6209256B1 (ja) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-10-04 | 株式会社日本トリム | 電解水生成装置 |
| US10905476B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2021-02-02 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Variable angle bone plate |
| US10624686B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2020-04-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Variable angel bone plate |
| US10820930B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2020-11-03 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Variable angle bone plate |
| US10800677B2 (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2020-10-13 | Ecowater Systems Llc | Electrolytic zinc dosing device and method for reducing scale |
| CN107245726A (zh) * | 2017-06-11 | 2017-10-13 | 王兆兵 | 一种高效自洁电解系统及其除垢方法 |
| CN107059046A (zh) * | 2017-06-11 | 2017-08-18 | 王兆兵 | 一种新型电解装置 |
| US11130691B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2021-09-28 | Cabot Corporation | Anti-scaling composition for water systems |
| JP6988564B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-01-05 | Toto株式会社 | 電解水吐水装置 |
| US11026727B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2021-06-08 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bone plate with form-fitting variable-angle locking hole |
| US10772665B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-09-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Locking structures for affixing bone anchors to a bone plate, and related systems and methods |
| US11013541B2 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2021-05-25 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Threaded locking structures for affixing bone anchors to a bone plate, and related systems and methods |
| US10925651B2 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2021-02-23 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Implant having locking holes with collection cavity for shavings |
| CN109824118A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-31 | 广州林科环保科技有限公司 | 一种板式吸附垢锈电极 |
| EP4097053A1 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2022-12-07 | Cargill, Incorporated | Systems and methods for treatment of hard water |
| WO2025148994A1 (zh) * | 2024-01-10 | 2025-07-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种有效抑制沉淀的直接电解海水制氢的方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1367883A (en) | 1970-09-28 | 1974-09-25 | Nat Res Dev | Electrochemical cells of the packed bed type |
| US3888756A (en) * | 1972-07-26 | 1975-06-10 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Apparatus for treating water containing impurities |
| DE2244244C3 (de) | 1972-09-15 | 1981-07-02 | Dart Industries Inc., 90048 Los Angeles, Calif. | Elektrolytische Verfahren zum Entfernen einer in einer wäßrigen verbrauchten Lösung gelösten verunreinigenden Substanz sowie dazu verwendbare regenerative elektrolytische Zelle |
| US3915822A (en) | 1974-05-22 | 1975-10-28 | Grace W R & Co | Electrochemical system with bed sections having variable gradient |
| US4176038A (en) * | 1974-07-11 | 1979-11-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Water purification method and apparatus |
| US4123339A (en) | 1975-02-07 | 1978-10-31 | Andco Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electrochemical contaminant removal from liquid media |
| US4119518A (en) | 1975-07-16 | 1978-10-10 | Jorge Miller | Electrolytic cell for treatment of water |
| FR2547573B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-20 | 1988-05-06 | Meridional Oenologie Centre | Procede et dispositif de traitement des liquides aqueux, effluents industriels et agro-alimentaires, pour l'obtention d'eaux steriles ou potables et leur reutilisation ou recyclage |
| CH658238A5 (fr) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-10-31 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Dispositif pour demineraliser de l'eau. |
| JPH033558A (ja) * | 1989-05-31 | 1991-01-09 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 画像読取装置の位置調整機構 |
| DE3922908A1 (de) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-01-17 | Benckiser Wassertechnik Joh A | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur physikalischen behandlung von stroemendem hartem wasser |
| JPH0427491A (ja) * | 1990-05-24 | 1992-01-30 | Konica Corp | 固定床型複極式電解槽 |
| US5256268A (en) | 1990-07-18 | 1993-10-26 | Konica Corporation | Water treatment method and apparatus |
| JP3206819B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-26 | 2001-09-10 | コニカ株式会社 | 被処理水の電気化学的処理方法 |
-
1997
- 1997-10-08 DE DE59710429T patent/DE59710429D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-08 EP EP97942143A patent/EP0932583B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-08 WO PCT/IB1997/001243 patent/WO1998016477A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-08 US US09/284,441 patent/US6258250B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-08 CA CA002268666A patent/CA2268666C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-08 JP JP51813598A patent/JP3853372B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-08 CN CN97198863A patent/CN1105082C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-08 AT AT97942143T patent/ATE244686T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-08 AU AU43935/97A patent/AU728729B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0932583A1 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
| US6258250B1 (en) | 2001-07-10 |
| AU4393597A (en) | 1998-05-11 |
| ATE244686T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
| JP3853372B2 (ja) | 2006-12-06 |
| DE59710429D1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
| JP2001502229A (ja) | 2001-02-20 |
| EP0932583B1 (de) | 2003-07-09 |
| CN1233231A (zh) | 1999-10-27 |
| AU728729B2 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
| CN1105082C (zh) | 2003-04-09 |
| WO1998016477A1 (de) | 1998-04-23 |
| CA2268666A1 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
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