CA2126351C - Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates - Google Patents
Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2126351C CA2126351C CA002126351A CA2126351A CA2126351C CA 2126351 C CA2126351 C CA 2126351C CA 002126351 A CA002126351 A CA 002126351A CA 2126351 A CA2126351 A CA 2126351A CA 2126351 C CA2126351 C CA 2126351C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- percent
- pressure
- polymer
- sensitive adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ROPXFXOUUANXRR-YPKPFQOOSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ROPXFXOUUANXRR-YPKPFQOOSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ROPXFXOUUANXRR-BUHFOSPRSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ROPXFXOUUANXRR-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 54
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 51
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 35
- -1 2-ethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- VLTOSDJJTWPWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-2-ynal Chemical compound CCC#CC=O VLTOSDJJTWPWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=C BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORJDWQVKIMZEMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nonylphenyl) hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OS(O)(=O)=O ORJDWQVKIMZEMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001644893 Entandrophragma utile Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WNMORWGTPVWAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC=C WNMORWGTPVWAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLZSRIYYOIZLJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OC=C BLZSRIYYOIZLJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940063583 high-density polyethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002706 plastid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBJWASZNUJCEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Na+] JBJWASZNUJCEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/385—Acrylic polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/26—Natural polymers, natural resins or derivatives thereof according to C08L1/00 - C08L5/00, C08L89/00, C08L93/00, C08L97/00 or C08L99/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L93/00—Compositions of natural resins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L93/04—Rosin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/813,354 US5183841A (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1991-12-24 | Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates |
| US813,354 | 1991-12-24 | ||
| PCT/US1992/011161 WO1993013181A1 (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1992-12-22 | Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2126351A1 CA2126351A1 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
| CA2126351C true CA2126351C (en) | 2003-10-21 |
Family
ID=25212144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002126351A Expired - Fee Related CA2126351C (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1992-12-22 | Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5183841A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0618947B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH07506126A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100255497B1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU672381B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9206986A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2126351C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69226653T2 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX9207556A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW316277B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1993013181A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (86)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5405889A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1995-04-11 | Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. | Room-temperature-curable organopolysiloxane composition |
| US5183841A (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1993-02-02 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates |
| US5319020A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1994-06-07 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Redispersible waterborne pressure sensitive adhesive polymer |
| US6077895A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 2000-06-20 | Ato Findley, Inc. | pH sensitive thermoplastic binder |
| DE69427476T2 (de) * | 1993-07-20 | 2002-04-25 | Findley Adhesives Inc., Wauwatosa | Wasserempfindliche schmelzklebstoffzusammensetzung |
| US5508367A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1996-04-16 | Adhesives Research, Inc. | Water-soluble pressure sensitive adhesive |
| US5395907A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-03-07 | Adhesive Research, Inc. | Water-soluble pressure sensitive adhesive |
| US5550181A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1996-08-27 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Repulpable splicing tape |
| US5833622A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1998-11-10 | Graphic Controls Corporation | Non-invasive fetal probe having improved mechanical and electrical properties |
| US5474065A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1995-12-12 | Graphic Controls Corporation | Non-invasive fetal probe |
| US5726250A (en) * | 1994-07-11 | 1998-03-10 | Adhesives Research, Inc. | Covalently crosslinked water-absorbent graft copolymer |
| US5846653A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-12-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Poly(α-olefin) pressure sensitive adhesvie tape with a priming layer |
| US6121508A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 2000-09-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polar, lipophilic pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions and medical devices using same |
| DE19707181A1 (de) * | 1997-02-22 | 1998-08-27 | Beiersdorf Ag | Repulpierbares Klebeband |
| US6162848A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2000-12-19 | Omnova Solutions Inc. | Carpet latex compound |
| US6132829A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2000-10-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Articles useful security printing and methods of making the same |
| US6394499B1 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2002-05-28 | Unicover Corporation | Self-adhesive stamp construction |
| US6136903A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 2000-10-24 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Repulpable, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions |
| US6525129B1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2003-02-25 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Water-soluble pressure-sensitive adhesives |
| AU2000257574A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-02 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Water based bottle labeling adhesives |
| SG125066A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2006-09-29 | Lintec Corp | Adhesive sheet for precision electronic member |
| US6927267B1 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2005-08-09 | Basf Ag | High solids dispersion for wide temperature, pressure sensitive adhesive applications |
| DE10229733A1 (de) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-01-22 | Basf Ag | Haftklebstoffe für Träger aus Weich-PVC |
| CA2406432C (en) * | 2002-10-03 | 2011-11-29 | Bayer Inc. | Adhesive compounds of butyl-type rubber |
| DE10308046A1 (de) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-23 | Asiral Industriereiniger Gmbh | Bifunktioneller Etikettenleim |
| DE602005024071D1 (de) | 2004-03-08 | 2010-11-25 | Nitto Denko Corp | Druckemfindliche Klebstoffzusammensetzung, druckempfindliche Klebefolie und Oberflächenschutzfolie |
| JP3765497B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-17 | 2006-04-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | アクリル系粘着剤組成物および粘着テープ |
| CN1294221C (zh) * | 2004-05-17 | 2007-01-10 | 四维企业股份有限公司 | 乳化丙烯酸感压粘着剂 |
| TWI388640B (zh) * | 2004-06-01 | 2013-03-11 | Nitto Denko Corp | 壓敏黏合劑組成物、壓敏黏合片及表面保護膜 |
| TWI387629B (zh) | 2004-07-26 | 2013-03-01 | Nitto Denko Corp | 壓感黏合劑組成物、壓感黏合片及表面保護膜 |
| JP4804007B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-13 | 2011-10-26 | 日東電工株式会社 | 粘着製品 |
| JP4358190B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2009-11-04 | 日東電工株式会社 | 粘着剤組成物、粘着シート類および表面保護フィルム |
| CN101175830B (zh) * | 2005-05-20 | 2011-05-25 | 日东电工株式会社 | 粘合剂组合物、粘合片及表面保护薄膜 |
| CN101243153B (zh) * | 2005-09-05 | 2010-10-06 | 日东电工株式会社 | 粘合剂组合物、粘合片以及表面保护薄膜 |
| US20070135542A1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-14 | Boonstra Lykele J | Emulsifiers for use in water-based tackifier dispersions |
| US20070249759A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | Peter James Miller | Tackifier dispersions with improved humid age performance |
| US20070254985A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-01 | Maas Joost H | Resin dispersions with low surfactant concentrations |
| FR2912153B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-04-17 | Bostik S A Sa | Composition adhesive pour etiquette auto-adhesive decollable |
| US8282754B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2012-10-09 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Pressure sensitive shrink label |
| US20110198024A1 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2011-08-18 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Systems and Processes for Applying Heat Transfer Labels |
| US8535464B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2013-09-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Pressure sensitive shrink label |
| FR2918069B1 (fr) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-09-04 | Bostik S A Sa | Hmpsa pour etiquette auto-adhesive decollable |
| DE102007030407A1 (de) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-02 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Etiketten mit wasserlösbaren UV-härtenden Klebstoffen |
| US20090119175A1 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-07 | John Richardson | Tape sealant |
| US20090162595A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Chan Ko | Striped adhesive construction and method and die for making same |
| ES2581233T3 (es) * | 2008-04-16 | 2016-09-02 | Basf Se | Procedimiento para la fabricación de artículos autoadhesivos |
| US8957277B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2015-02-17 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Disruptable adhesive layer for fluid activated debonding |
| KR101733021B1 (ko) | 2009-04-27 | 2017-05-08 | 애버리 데니슨 코포레이션 | 요구에 따라 운반 및 디본딩하기 위한 시스템, 방법 및 재료 |
| JP4966398B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-05 | 2012-07-04 | ローム アンド ハース カンパニー | ウォッシュオフラベル |
| US20120199274A1 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-08-09 | Upm Raflatac Oy | Removable label with a double-layer adhesive |
| BR122014017821A2 (pt) | 2010-01-28 | 2019-07-09 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Sistema para aplicação de rótulos em artigos |
| FR2959996B1 (fr) | 2010-05-11 | 2012-05-11 | Bostik Sa | Hmpsa pour etiquette auto-adhesive decollable |
| WO2012033955A2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2012-03-15 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Thermoform labeling |
| WO2012054719A2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2012-04-26 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Labeling of preformed articles, labels, inks, and related methods |
| WO2013025699A1 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Multiple step forming and labeling process |
| EP2751214B1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2021-03-24 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Adhesive acrylate-olefin copolymers, methods for producing same and compositions utilizing same |
| DK2773304T3 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2016-05-02 | Avery Dennison Corp | Adhesive layers, which can be torn apart, to the fluid-activated solution. |
| US20130225021A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-08-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Highly viscous ionomer-poly(vinylalcohol) coatings |
| US10099239B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2018-10-16 | Shurtape Technologies, Llc | Applicator device for film forming formulation for textured surfaces |
| ES2677469T3 (es) | 2012-07-24 | 2018-08-02 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Adhesivos híbridos de silicona/acrílico |
| IN2015KN00665A (enExample) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-07-17 | Avery Dennison Corp | |
| EP2909270A1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2015-08-26 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Hybrid material of crosslinked microgel particles dispersed in an adhesive |
| CN105074800A (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-11-18 | 艾利丹尼森公司 | 再循环处理和用于其中的标签和粘合剂 |
| US9988565B2 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2018-06-05 | Arizona Chemical Company, Llc | Rosin ester tackifiers for pressure-sensitive adhesives |
| CN103755863B (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-06-15 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | 一种松香基复合纳米聚合物微球的制备方法 |
| CN106414633A (zh) | 2014-04-07 | 2017-02-15 | 艾利丹尼森公司 | 用于可去除的标签的组合物 |
| US11479693B2 (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2022-10-25 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Adhesive laminates and method for making adhesive laminates |
| KR102262503B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-17 | 2021-06-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 아크릴계 에멀젼 수지의 제조 방법 |
| WO2023285236A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-19 | Basf Se | Aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for recycling-compatible pressure-sensitive adhesive labels |
| JP7822254B2 (ja) * | 2021-10-06 | 2026-03-02 | リンテック株式会社 | アルカリ剥離性ラベル |
| CN120265722A (zh) | 2022-12-06 | 2025-07-04 | 艾利丹尼森公司 | 对粘合剂层进行图案化的方法 |
| EP4655360A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 | 2025-12-03 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Hotmelt adhesive |
| WO2024184804A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 | 2024-09-12 | Avery Dennison Corporation | System and method for producing decorative laminates |
| WO2024224335A1 (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2024-10-31 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Washable laminate and methods of adhesive isolation |
| EP4688442A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2026-02-11 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Patterned adhesives for use with transfer printing |
| EP4720209A2 (en) | 2023-06-22 | 2026-04-08 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Systems and methods for depositing and identifying patterned coating |
| WO2024261645A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 | 2024-12-26 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Systems and methods for depositing and identifying dendritic shapes |
| WO2025003923A1 (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2025-01-02 | Avery Dennison Retail Information Services Llc | Recyclable wireless constructions |
| CN121420040A (zh) | 2023-06-30 | 2026-01-27 | 艾利丹尼森零售信息服务有限公司 | 可回收无线结构体 |
| EP4735546A1 (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2026-05-06 | Avery Dennison Retail Information Services LLC | Recyclable wireless constructions |
| WO2025074306A1 (en) | 2023-10-05 | 2025-04-10 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Adhesive article with patterned microstructure release |
| WO2025186706A1 (en) | 2024-03-04 | 2025-09-12 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Adhesive composition |
| WO2025191532A2 (en) | 2024-03-15 | 2025-09-18 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Smart battery labels of state of health indication |
| WO2026035858A1 (en) | 2024-08-07 | 2026-02-12 | Avery Dennison Corporation | High gloss machine direction oriented polyolefin films |
| WO2026083224A1 (en) | 2024-10-14 | 2026-04-23 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Smart signs |
| WO2026087958A1 (en) | 2025-07-16 | 2026-04-30 | Colquímica-Indústria Nacional De Colas, S.A | Caustic removable hot melt adhesive composition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4167433A (en) * | 1977-11-03 | 1979-09-11 | Gulf Oil Corporation | Adhesive composition and process for bonding |
| US4189419A (en) * | 1978-08-14 | 1980-02-19 | Avery International Corporation | Pressure-sensitive adhesives based on carboxylated SBR emulsion |
| CA1203335A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1986-04-15 | Polysar Limited | Pressure sensitive adhesives |
| US4548845A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1985-10-22 | Avery International Corp. | Reduced build-up pressure-sensitive adhesives |
| US4564664A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1986-01-14 | Avery International Corporation | Emulsion-acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives formed in two step polymerization |
| US4670505A (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1987-06-02 | Hercules Incorporated | Polyacrylate dispersions |
| JP2684046B2 (ja) * | 1988-01-26 | 1997-12-03 | ニチバン株式会社 | 粘着剤組成物 |
| DE69008334T2 (de) * | 1989-08-14 | 1994-11-03 | Avery Dennison Corp., Pasadena, Calif. | Emulsion druckempfindlicher klebepolymere mit ausgezeichnetem verhalten bei raum- und niedrigtemperaturen. |
| JP2915455B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-04 | 1999-07-05 | 三菱化学ビーエーエスエフ株式会社 | アクリル系樹脂水性エマルジョン組成物 |
| JPH07502548A (ja) * | 1991-10-15 | 1995-03-16 | エイベリ デニソン コーポレイション | 再プルプ化可能な感圧接着剤組成物の改良 |
| US5183841A (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1993-02-02 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Removable pressure-sensitive adhesives for recyclable substrates |
-
1991
- 1991-12-24 US US07/813,354 patent/US5183841A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-12-22 BR BR9206986A patent/BR9206986A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-22 DE DE69226653T patent/DE69226653T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-22 WO PCT/US1992/011161 patent/WO1993013181A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-12-22 CA CA002126351A patent/CA2126351C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-22 JP JP5511867A patent/JPH07506126A/ja active Pending
- 1992-12-22 EP EP93902716A patent/EP0618947B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-22 KR KR1019940702215A patent/KR100255497B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-22 AU AU34190/93A patent/AU672381B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-12-23 US US07/996,019 patent/US5385965A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-24 MX MX9207556A patent/MX9207556A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-01-04 TW TW082100017A patent/TW316277B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX9207556A (es) | 1994-05-31 |
| AU3419093A (en) | 1993-07-28 |
| KR100255497B1 (ko) | 2000-05-01 |
| US5385965A (en) | 1995-01-31 |
| DE69226653D1 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
| KR940703899A (ko) | 1994-12-12 |
| TW316277B (enExample) | 1997-09-21 |
| EP0618947A4 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
| WO1993013181A1 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
| US5183841A (en) | 1993-02-02 |
| JPH07506126A (ja) | 1995-07-06 |
| DE69226653T2 (de) | 1998-12-24 |
| AU672381B2 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
| EP0618947B1 (en) | 1998-08-12 |
| BR9206986A (pt) | 1995-09-12 |
| EP0618947A1 (en) | 1994-10-12 |
| CA2126351A1 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |