CA1199425A - Thermoelectric device and method of making same - Google Patents
Thermoelectric device and method of making sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1199425A CA1199425A CA000426918A CA426918A CA1199425A CA 1199425 A CA1199425 A CA 1199425A CA 000426918 A CA000426918 A CA 000426918A CA 426918 A CA426918 A CA 426918A CA 1199425 A CA1199425 A CA 1199425A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- thermoelectric
- elements
- conducting
- copper
- thermoelectric elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229940108928 copper Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000014987 copper Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012671 ceramic insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 10
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008310 Si—Ge Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940074389 tellurium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000905957 Channa melasoma Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxylatoethyl)disulfanyl]propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C(N)CSSCC(N)C([O-])=O QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002470 thermal conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/81—Structural details of the junction
- H10N10/817—Structural details of the junction the junction being non-separable, e.g. being cemented, sintered or soldered
Landscapes
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/372,688 US4459428A (en) | 1982-04-28 | 1982-04-28 | Thermoelectric device and method of making same |
| US372,688 | 1982-04-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1199425A true CA1199425A (en) | 1986-01-14 |
Family
ID=23469223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000426918A Expired CA1199425A (en) | 1982-04-28 | 1983-04-28 | Thermoelectric device and method of making same |
Country Status (12)
Families Citing this family (63)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0160433A3 (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1987-05-20 | Omnimax Energy Corporation | Thermoelectric generator using variable geometry with support pedestals of materials different from the basic thermoelectric semiconductor elements |
| US4676996A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1987-06-30 | Brotz Gregory R | Method of producing a foamed multiple thermocouple |
| US4717788A (en) * | 1984-12-06 | 1988-01-05 | General Electric Company | Method for producing thermoelectric elements |
| US4902648A (en) * | 1988-01-05 | 1990-02-20 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Process for producing a thermoelectric module |
| NL8801093A (nl) * | 1988-04-27 | 1989-11-16 | Theodorus Bijvoets | Thermo-electrische inrichting. |
| DE69130654T2 (de) * | 1990-04-20 | 1999-08-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka | Vakuumisolierter thermoelektrischer Halbleiter bestehend aus einer porösen Struktur und thermoelektrisches Bauelement |
| JP3451107B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 2003-09-29 | 株式会社エコ・トゥエンティーワン | 電子冷却装置 |
| GB9307689D0 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1993-06-02 | King Peter | Differential voltage cell |
| US5702185A (en) * | 1994-08-09 | 1997-12-30 | P. A. Hilton Limited | Heat flow transducer |
| JP3369349B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-02 | 2003-01-20 | 株式会社エコ・トゥエンティーワン | 熱電変換装置 |
| EP0805501B1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 2003-09-17 | Frigistor Trading Co., Ltd. | Thermoelectric device and thermoelectric cooler/heater |
| JPH10321921A (ja) * | 1997-05-22 | 1998-12-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 熱電気変換モジュールおよびその製造方法 |
| JP3219279B2 (ja) | 1997-08-25 | 2001-10-15 | シチズン時計株式会社 | 熱電装置 |
| US6150601A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-11-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating electric power downhole |
| SE9801798A0 (sv) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-21 | Termogen Ab | Termoelektrisk anordning |
| DE19845104A1 (de) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-06 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines thermoelektrischen Wandlers |
| US6166317A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-12-26 | Volk, Jr.; Joseph A. | Cryogenic thermoelectric generator |
| JP3255629B2 (ja) | 1999-11-26 | 2002-02-12 | モリックス株式会社 | 熱電素子 |
| US6856136B2 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2005-02-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Thermoelectric device test structure |
| US20060000500A1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-05 | Ioan Sauciuc | Thermoelectric module |
| US7587901B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2009-09-15 | Amerigon Incorporated | Control system for thermal module in vehicle |
| US8623687B2 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2014-01-07 | Nextreme Thermal Solutions, Inc. | Methods of forming thermoelectric devices including conductive posts and/or different solder materials and related methods and structures |
| EP1818992A1 (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-15 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Thermally insulating thermoelectric roofing element |
| US8222511B2 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2012-07-17 | Gentherm | Thermoelectric device |
| JP5198455B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2013-05-15 | ローズマウント インコーポレイテッド | 改良された工業用熱電式発電機 |
| US20080087316A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2008-04-17 | Masa Inaba | Thermoelectric device with internal sensor |
| US9105809B2 (en) | 2007-07-23 | 2015-08-11 | Gentherm Incorporated | Segmented thermoelectric device |
| WO2009036077A1 (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-19 | Amerigon, Inc. | Operational control schemes for ventilated seat or bed assemblies |
| US8231240B1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2012-07-31 | Txl Group, Inc. | Surface lighting devices having a thermoelectric power source |
| DE102007063171A1 (de) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Thermoelektrisches Modul und thermoelektrischer Generator |
| DE102007063168A1 (de) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-07-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Thermoelektrisches Modul und thermoelektrischer Generator |
| WO2009097572A1 (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-06 | Amerigon Incorporated | Condensation and humidity sensors for thermoelectric devices |
| CN104523071A (zh) | 2008-07-18 | 2015-04-22 | 金瑟姆股份公司 | 气候受控床组件 |
| DE102008038985A1 (de) * | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Thermoelektrische Vorrichtung |
| US9767934B2 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2017-09-19 | Terrapower, Llc | Method, system, and apparatus for the thermoelectric conversion of gas cooled nuclear reactor generated heat |
| US9691507B2 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2017-06-27 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for the thermoelectric conversion of nuclear reactor generated heat |
| US9799417B2 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2017-10-24 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for the thermoelectric conversion of nuclear reactor generated heat |
| US20100260307A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Method and system for the thermoelectric conversion of nuclear reactor generated heat |
| US9892807B2 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2018-02-13 | Terrapower, Llc | Method, system, and apparatus for selectively transferring thermoelectrically generated electric power to nuclear reactor operation systems |
| US20100260308A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Method, system, and apparatus for selectively transferring thermoelectrically generated electric power to nuclear reactor operation systems |
| US20100260304A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Method, system, and apparatus for the thermoelectric conversion of gas cooled nuclear reactor generated heat |
| DE102009025032A1 (de) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Thermoelektrische Vorrichtung |
| US20110016888A1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-27 | Basf Se | Thermoelectric module |
| US9601677B2 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2017-03-21 | Laird Durham, Inc. | Thermoelectric (TE) devices/structures including thermoelectric elements with exposed major surfaces |
| US20110303197A1 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-15 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Microcondenser device |
| WO2013052823A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Gentherm Incorporated | Thermoelectric device controls and methods |
| US9989267B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2018-06-05 | Gentherm Incorporated | Moisture abatement in heating operation of climate controlled systems |
| DE102012210627B4 (de) * | 2012-06-22 | 2016-12-15 | Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Thermoelektrisches Modul, Wärmetauscher, Abgasanlage und Brennkraftmaschine |
| US9662962B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2017-05-30 | Gentherm Incorporated | Vehicle headliner assembly for zonal comfort |
| KR102252584B1 (ko) | 2014-02-14 | 2021-05-14 | 젠썸 인코포레이티드 | 전도식 대류식 기온 제어 조립체 |
| GB201411817D0 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-08-13 | Elsarrag Esam And Al Horr Yousef | Thermoelectric module |
| US11857004B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2024-01-02 | Gentherm Incorporated | Heating and cooling technologies |
| US11639816B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2023-05-02 | Gentherm Incorporated | Heating and cooling technologies including temperature regulating pad wrap and technologies with liquid system |
| US11033058B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2021-06-15 | Gentherm Incorporated | Heating and cooling technologies |
| DE102016209683A1 (de) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | Mahle International Gmbh | Thermoelektrisches Modul |
| CN107291298B (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2021-01-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种手写屏及触控显示装置 |
| US10991869B2 (en) | 2018-07-30 | 2021-04-27 | Gentherm Incorporated | Thermoelectric device having a plurality of sealing materials |
| JP7608337B2 (ja) | 2018-11-30 | 2025-01-06 | ジェンサーム インコーポレイテッド | 熱電調整システム及び方法 |
| US11152557B2 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2021-10-19 | Gentherm Incorporated | Thermoelectric module with integrated printed circuit board |
| CN116391458A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-07-04 | 琳得科株式会社 | 热电转换组件的制造方法 |
| TW202236702A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-09-16 | 日商琳得科股份有限公司 | 熱電變換模組 |
| WO2022092179A1 (ja) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | リンテック株式会社 | 熱電変換材料のチップの配列方法 |
| US20230112559A1 (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-04-13 | Baidu Usa Llc | Self-regulated and self-powered fluid module for liquid cooling |
Family Cites Families (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB587490A (en) * | 1946-01-29 | 1947-04-28 | Ferenc Okolicsanyi | Improvements in or relating to thermopiles |
| IT523948A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1953-11-20 | |||
| GB874660A (en) * | 1958-11-18 | 1961-08-10 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to thermoelectric devices |
| US3076051A (en) * | 1959-03-05 | 1963-01-29 | Rca Corp | Thermoelectric devices and methods of making same |
| US3082275A (en) * | 1959-05-11 | 1963-03-19 | Carrier Corp | Thermoelectric generators |
| US3009977A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1961-11-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Thermoelectric material and devices |
| US3277827A (en) * | 1961-10-13 | 1966-10-11 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Power conversion system |
| US3332807A (en) * | 1962-01-30 | 1967-07-25 | Borg Warner | Thermoelectric assembly dielectric barrier comprising anodized layer and dimethyl silicone fluid |
| GB1025687A (en) * | 1962-03-02 | 1966-04-14 | Philips Electronic Associated | Improvements in thermo-electric devices |
| US3409475A (en) * | 1962-09-19 | 1968-11-05 | Borg Warner | Thermoelectric heat pump having printed circuit interconnections |
| US3252205A (en) * | 1963-02-11 | 1966-05-24 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Thermoelectric units |
| US3351498A (en) * | 1963-03-29 | 1967-11-07 | Gen Electric | Separately cartridged thermoelectric elements and couples |
| US3580743A (en) * | 1966-01-07 | 1971-05-25 | Borg Warner | Thermoelectric module with diagonal construction and method of manufacturing |
| US3531330A (en) * | 1966-10-27 | 1970-09-29 | Thore M Elfving | Thermoelectric assemblies |
| DE1539330A1 (de) * | 1966-12-06 | 1969-11-06 | Siemens Ag | Thermoelektrische Anordnung |
| CH454980A (de) * | 1967-04-27 | 1968-04-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Thermoelektrischer Generator |
| DE1539335B2 (de) * | 1967-11-15 | 1971-12-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u 8000 München | Thermogenerator und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| DE1993945U (de) * | 1968-07-23 | 1968-09-19 | Siemens Ag | Peltier-kuehlblock. |
| DE6916614U (de) * | 1969-04-22 | 1969-08-07 | Siemens Ag | Thermoelektrische waermepumpe |
| GB1303835A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1970-01-30 | 1973-01-24 | ||
| US3842489A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1974-10-22 | Nuclear Battery Corp | Process for treating thermopile |
| FR2178395A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1972-03-30 | 1973-11-09 | Cit Alcatel | |
| CA1033393A (en) * | 1974-06-05 | 1978-06-20 | Georges Le Couturier | Thermoelectric heat pump |
| US4032363A (en) * | 1975-01-27 | 1977-06-28 | Syncal Corporation | Low power high voltage thermopile |
| US4095998A (en) * | 1976-09-30 | 1978-06-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Thermoelectric voltage generator |
| US4149025A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-04-10 | Vasile Niculescu | Method of fabricating thermoelectric power generator modules |
| US4276441A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-06-30 | Wilson International Incorporated | Thermoelectric generator and method of forming same |
| US4320251A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1982-03-16 | Solamat Inc. | Ohmic contacts for solar cells by arc plasma spraying |
-
1982
- 1982-04-28 US US06/372,688 patent/US4459428A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-04-14 IL IL68388A patent/IL68388A0/xx unknown
- 1983-04-19 DE DE19833314198 patent/DE3314198A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-20 AU AU13689/83A patent/AU551394B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-04-21 BE BE0/210606A patent/BE896531A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-04-21 FR FR8306538A patent/FR2526228A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-21 IT IT20728/83A patent/IT1171668B/it active
- 1983-04-22 IN IN477/CAL/83A patent/IN159006B/en unknown
- 1983-04-22 JP JP58071316A patent/JPS58212377A/ja active Pending
- 1983-04-22 NL NL8301432A patent/NL8301432A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-04-25 GB GB08311180A patent/GB2119170A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-28 CA CA000426918A patent/CA1199425A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1171668B (it) | 1987-06-10 |
| FR2526228A1 (fr) | 1983-11-04 |
| DE3314198A1 (de) | 1983-11-03 |
| IL68388A0 (en) | 1983-07-31 |
| IT8320728A0 (it) | 1983-04-21 |
| BE896531A (fr) | 1983-08-16 |
| JPS58212377A (ja) | 1983-12-10 |
| AU1368983A (en) | 1983-11-03 |
| GB8311180D0 (en) | 1983-06-02 |
| IN159006B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1987-03-07 |
| NL8301432A (nl) | 1983-11-16 |
| GB2119170A (en) | 1983-11-09 |
| AU551394B2 (en) | 1986-04-24 |
| US4459428A (en) | 1984-07-10 |
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