BR9405616A - Processo de preparação de sìlica precipitada, sìlica precipitada, e, utilização de uma sìlica - Google Patents
Processo de preparação de sìlica precipitada, sìlica precipitada, e, utilização de uma sìlicaInfo
- Publication number
- BR9405616A BR9405616A BR9405616-1A BR9405616A BR9405616A BR 9405616 A BR9405616 A BR 9405616A BR 9405616 A BR9405616 A BR 9405616A BR 9405616 A BR9405616 A BR 9405616A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- initial seed
- sio2
- expressed
- precipitated silica
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
- C01B33/193—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/20—Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/32—Spheres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
- C01P2006/17—Pore diameter distribution
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
Patente de Invenção "PROCESSO DE PREPARAçãO DE SìLICA PRECIPITADA, SìLICA PRECIPITADA, E, UTILIZAçãO DE UMA SìLICA". As sílicas se apresentando sob forma de pó, contas sensivelmente esféricas ou granulados, apresentam uma superfície específica CTAB compreendida entre 140 e 240 m/g, um fator de desaglomeração em ultra-som elevado, um diâmetro mediano, após desaglomeração em ultra-som, baixo e eventualmente, uma distribuição porosa como que o volume poroso constituído pelos poros cujo diâmetro está compreendido entre 175 e 275 representa menos que 50% do volume poroso constituído por poros de diâmetros inferiores ou iguais a 400. Utilização das referidas sílicas como cargas de reforço para elastómeros. Processo de preparação de sílica precipitada de tipo compreendendo a reação de um silicato de metal alcalino M com um agente acidulante, pelo que se obtém uma suspensão de sílica precipitada. A separação e a secagem desta suspensão, na qual se realiza a precipitação do seguinte modo: (i) forma-se um material de partida compreendendo uma parte da quantidade total do silicato de metal alcalino M empregada na reação, a concentração em silicato expressa em SiO~ 2~ no referido material de partida sendo inferior a 20 g/l, (ii) acrescenta-se o agente acidulante do referido material de partida até que pelo menos 5% da quantidade de M~ 2~O presente no referido material de partida sejam neutralizados, (iii) acrescenta-se ao meio de reação simultaneamente o agente acidulante e a quantidade restante de silicato de metal alcalino M de modo que a relação quantidade de silicato acrescentada (expressa em SiO~ 2~) / quantidade de silicato presente no material de partida (expressa em SiO~ 2~), seja superior a 4 e no máximo 100.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9311553A FR2710629B1 (fr) | 1993-09-29 | 1993-09-29 | Nouveau procédé de préparation de silice précipitée, nouvelles silices précipitées et leur utilisation au renforcement des élastomères. |
FR9410046A FR2723581B1 (fr) | 1994-08-12 | 1994-08-12 | Nouveau procede de preparation de silice precipitee |
PCT/FR1994/001143 WO1995009127A1 (fr) | 1993-09-29 | 1994-09-29 | Silice precipitee |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR9405616A true BR9405616A (pt) | 1999-09-08 |
Family
ID=26230634
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BR9405616-1A BR9405616A (pt) | 1993-09-29 | 1994-09-29 | Processo de preparação de sìlica precipitada, sìlica precipitada, e, utilização de uma sìlica |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6335396B1 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP0670813B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP2799773B2 (pt) |
KR (2) | KR0158071B1 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN1047149C (pt) |
AT (1) | ATE234264T1 (pt) |
AU (2) | AU686240B2 (pt) |
BR (1) | BR9405616A (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2150369C (pt) |
DE (1) | DE69432248T2 (pt) |
ES (1) | ES2194874T3 (pt) |
FI (1) | FI120581B (pt) |
PT (1) | PT670813E (pt) |
RU (1) | RU2092435C1 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO1995009127A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (70)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6977065B1 (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 2005-12-20 | Degussa Ag | Precipitated silicas |
FR2732331B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-06-20 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouveau procede de preparation de silice precipitee, nouvelles silices precipitees contenant du zinc et leur utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres |
FR2732329B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-06-20 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouveau procede de preparation de silice precipitee, nouvelles silices precipitees contenant de l'aluminium et leur utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres |
DE19526476A1 (de) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-01-23 | Degussa | Fällungskieselsäure |
DE19527278A1 (de) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-01-30 | Degussa | Fällungskieselsäure |
GB2308588B (en) | 1995-12-27 | 1999-06-02 | Rhone Poulenc Chemicals | Silica particulates |
CN1048956C (zh) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-02-02 | 汪承源 | 二次结晶超细白炭黑的制法 |
FR2750692B1 (fr) * | 1996-07-05 | 1998-10-16 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelle silice abrasive, utilisable dans les dentifrices, son procede de preparation et compositions dentifrices la contenant |
US5891949A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 1999-04-06 | J.M. Huber Corporation | Natural rubber compound |
US5929156A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 1999-07-27 | J.M. Huber Corporation | Silica product for use in elastomers |
FR2763581B1 (fr) | 1997-05-26 | 1999-07-23 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silice precipitee utilisable comme charge renforcante pour elastomeres |
FR2763593B1 (fr) * | 1997-05-26 | 1999-07-09 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc a base de silice destinee a la fabrication d'enveloppes de pneumatiques routiers ayant une resistance au roulement amelioree |
JP4071343B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-18 | 2008-04-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ |
JPH11236208A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-08-31 | Nippon Silica Ind Co Ltd | ゴム補強用含水ケイ酸 |
DE19840153A1 (de) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-04-20 | Degussa | Fällungskieselsäure |
JP3678627B2 (ja) † | 2000-04-11 | 2005-08-03 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | ゴム組成物 |
JP4515761B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-13 | 2010-08-04 | ロディア・シミ | シリカの製造方法、特定の細孔寸法及び/又は粒度分布を有するシリカ並びにそれらの特に重合体強化のための使用 |
FR2831178B1 (fr) | 2001-10-22 | 2006-04-14 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Compositions pigmentaires a base de silice |
FR2833937B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-26 | 2004-11-12 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silices a faible reprise en eau |
CN100422080C (zh) * | 2002-07-10 | 2008-10-01 | 株式会社德山 | 易分散性沉淀二氧化硅滤饼及其制造方法 |
FR2843121B3 (fr) | 2002-08-02 | 2004-09-10 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Agent ignifugeant, procede de preparation et l'utilisation de cet agent |
FR2856680B1 (fr) | 2003-06-30 | 2005-09-09 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Materiaux d'isolation thermique et/ou acoustique a base de silice et procedes pour leur obtention |
EP1687242A1 (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2006-08-09 | Comalco Aluminium Limited | Destruction of organics in bayer process streams |
FR2862978B1 (fr) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-12-30 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Nouvel agent promoteur d'adherence sur une surface d'isolant thermique et en particulier sur une surface de polystyrene, et son utilisation dans le domaine de la construction et plus particulierement dans les systemes d'isolation |
FR2864063B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-19 | 2006-04-07 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silice de haute structure a faible reprise en eau |
US7202154B2 (en) * | 2004-01-05 | 2007-04-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Suspension for filling via holes in silicon and method for making the same |
CN100341956C (zh) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-10-10 | 河南大学 | 一种纳米二氧化硅微粒制备方法 |
FR2886303B1 (fr) | 2005-05-26 | 2007-07-20 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Utilisation d'une combinaison particuliere d'un agent de couplage et d'un agent de recouvrement, comme systeme de couplage(charge blanche-elastomere) dans les compositions de caoutchouc comprenant une charge inorganique |
FR2928363B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-10 | 2012-08-31 | Rhodia Operations | Nouveau procede de preparation de silices precipitees, silices precipitees a morphologie, granulometrie et porosite particulieres et leurs utilisations, notamment pour le renforcement de polymeres |
DE102008017731A1 (de) | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-08 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Kautschukmischung |
DE102008017747A1 (de) | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-08 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Gefällte Kieselsäuren als Verstärkerfüllstoff für Elastomermischungen |
DE102008035867A1 (de) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-04 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Neuartige Fällungskieselsäuren für Trägeranwendungen |
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FR2962996B1 (fr) | 2010-07-23 | 2012-07-27 | Rhodia Operations | Nouveau procede de preparation de silices precipitees |
FR2966830B1 (fr) | 2010-11-03 | 2012-11-16 | Rhodia Operations | Utilisation d'une silice precipitee contenant de l'aluminium, d'une silice precipitee et de 3-acryloxy-propyltriethoxysilane dans une composition d'elastomere(s) isoprenique(s) |
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JP2015504842A (ja) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-02-16 | ローディア オペレーションズ | 特有のモルフォロジ、粒度、および気孔率を有する沈澱シリカの製造方法 |
FR3001971B1 (fr) | 2013-02-14 | 2016-05-27 | Rhodia Operations | Utilisation d'un acide polycarboxylique lors de la preparation d'une composition d'elastomere(s) |
BR112018000959A2 (pt) | 2015-07-28 | 2018-09-18 | Rhodia Operations | processo para a recuperação de sulfato de sódio |
EP3156368A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-19 | Rhodia Operations | Novel process for the preparation of silicate, novel process for the preparation of precipitated silica |
CN105460940B (zh) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 冷水江三A新材料科技有限公司 | 一种介孔药物载体二氧化硅及其制备方法 |
CN109643807B (zh) | 2016-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | 用于电池中的固-液电解质 |
US20200392312A1 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2020-12-17 | Rhodia Operations | Elastomer composition comprising precipitated silica and a sulfur-containing aromatic polymer |
BR112020009281B1 (pt) * | 2017-11-29 | 2023-04-04 | Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. | Microesfera, processo para preparação de uma microesfera, composição elastomérica vulcanizável, composto elastomérico vulcanizável, componente de pneu, e, pneu para rodas de veículo |
CN111542493A (zh) | 2017-12-27 | 2020-08-14 | 罗地亚经营管理公司 | 二氧化硅悬浮液 |
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JP7490645B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-08 | 2024-05-27 | ローディア オペレーションズ | 沈降シリカ及びその製造プロセス |
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WO2024104971A1 (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-23 | Rhodia Operations | Modified precipitated silica, its manufacture and use |
US20240326361A1 (en) | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-03 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Sealant composition for self-sealing pneumatic tire |
US20240343892A1 (en) | 2023-04-14 | 2024-10-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Rubber composition including biodegradable oil |
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GB8529970D0 (en) | 1985-12-05 | 1986-01-15 | Unilever Plc | Spheroidal silica |
FR2596382B1 (fr) | 1986-03-26 | 1988-05-27 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Dispersions aqueuses colloidales d'un compose de cerium iv et leur procede d'obtention |
EP0249524B1 (fr) | 1986-06-06 | 1992-01-29 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Granulés à base de silice, procédé de préparation et leur application comme charge renforçante dans les élastomères |
DE3639844A1 (de) | 1986-11-21 | 1988-06-01 | Degussa | Zahnpflegemittel |
FR2611196B1 (fr) | 1987-02-25 | 1990-07-27 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelles silices de precipitation a faible reprise en eau, leur procede de preparation et leur application au renforcement des elastomeres silicones |
FR2613708B1 (fr) | 1987-04-13 | 1990-10-12 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Silice de precipitation hydrophobe, son procede de preparation et son application au renforcement des elastomeres silicones |
US4973462A (en) | 1987-05-25 | 1990-11-27 | Kawatetsu Mining Company, Ltd. | Process for producing high purity silica |
FR2621576B1 (fr) | 1987-10-09 | 1990-01-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Dispersion colloidale d'un compose de cerium iv en milieu aqueux et son procede de preparation |
FR2627176B1 (fr) | 1988-02-11 | 1990-06-15 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Suspension aqueuse stable de silice de precipitation |
IL89607A0 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-09-10 | Reo Lp | Process for fractionating a mixture of rare earth metals by ion exchange |
DE3815670A1 (de) * | 1988-05-07 | 1990-01-25 | Degussa | Feinteilige faellungskieselsaeure mit hoher struktur, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung |
FR2631620B1 (fr) * | 1988-05-19 | 1990-07-27 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelle silice precipitee absorbante et composition a base de cette s ilice |
NZ232170A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1993-01-27 | Tasman Pulp & Paper Co Ltd | Precipitation of amorphous silica from geothermal fluid; use of silica in coating paper sheet |
FR2646673B1 (fr) | 1989-05-02 | 1991-09-06 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Silice sous forme de bille, procede de preparation et son utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres |
FR2649089B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-03 | 1991-12-13 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Silice a porosite controlee et son procede d'obtention |
CA2021229A1 (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-01-19 | Tadashi Mochizuki | High purity silica and method for producing high purity silica |
JP2670154B2 (ja) | 1989-10-06 | 1997-10-29 | 日東電工株式会社 | 逆浸透膜分離プロセスを有する希土類の分離精製システム |
FR2655972B1 (fr) | 1989-12-15 | 1992-04-24 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede de preparation d'une dispersion collouidale d'un compose de cerium iv en milieu aqueux et dispersions obtenues. |
US5094829A (en) | 1990-06-21 | 1992-03-10 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Reinforced precipitated silica |
FR2678259B1 (fr) | 1991-06-26 | 1993-11-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelles silices precipitees sous forme de granules ou de poudres, procedes de synthese et utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres. |
US5231066A (en) | 1991-09-11 | 1993-07-27 | Quantum Chemical Corporation | Bimodal silica gel, its preparation and use as a catalyst support |
KR960010781B1 (ko) | 1991-10-02 | 1996-08-08 | 유니레버 엔브이 | 실리카 |
EP0643015B1 (de) | 1993-08-07 | 1996-09-18 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fällungskieselsäure |
US6001322A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1999-12-14 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Precipitated silicas |
JPH07204609A (ja) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-08-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 生ごみ処理装置 |
-
1994
- 1994-09-29 PT PT94928934T patent/PT670813E/pt unknown
- 1994-09-29 CA CA002150369A patent/CA2150369C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 CN CN94190729A patent/CN1047149C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 JP JP7510154A patent/JP2799773B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 AT AT94928934T patent/ATE234264T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-29 WO PCT/FR1994/001143 patent/WO1995009127A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1994-09-29 ES ES94928934T patent/ES2194874T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 AU AU78163/94A patent/AU686240B2/en not_active Expired
- 1994-09-29 EP EP94928934A patent/EP0670813B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 DE DE69432248T patent/DE69432248T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 KR KR1019950702167A patent/KR0158071B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-29 BR BR9405616-1A patent/BR9405616A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-29 RU RU9495112453A patent/RU2092435C1/ru active
-
1995
- 1995-05-29 FI FI952605A patent/FI120581B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-10-31 AU AU43667/97A patent/AU712323B2/en not_active Expired
-
1998
- 1998-05-29 KR KR1019980704068A patent/KR0158188B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-17 US US09/551,231 patent/US6335396B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2150369A1 (fr) | 1995-04-06 |
JPH08502716A (ja) | 1996-03-26 |
DE69432248T2 (de) | 2004-08-19 |
KR950704193A (ko) | 1995-11-17 |
EP0670813A1 (fr) | 1995-09-13 |
AU712323B2 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
RU2092435C1 (ru) | 1997-10-10 |
FI120581B (fi) | 2009-12-15 |
ES2194874T3 (es) | 2003-12-01 |
AU686240B2 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
CA2150369C (fr) | 2001-05-01 |
CN1114832A (zh) | 1996-01-10 |
DE69432248D1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
AU4366797A (en) | 1998-02-05 |
WO1995009127A1 (fr) | 1995-04-06 |
KR0158071B1 (ko) | 1998-11-16 |
CN1047149C (zh) | 1999-12-08 |
KR0158188B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 |
ATE234264T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
US6335396B1 (en) | 2002-01-01 |
FI952605A (fi) | 1995-05-29 |
AU7816394A (en) | 1995-04-18 |
FI952605A0 (fi) | 1995-05-29 |
EP0670813B1 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
PT670813E (pt) | 2003-07-31 |
JP2799773B2 (ja) | 1998-09-21 |
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