AU2019101524A4 - Silage fodder mixed by reyan no.4 king grass and cassava leaf, and ensiling method thereof - Google Patents
Silage fodder mixed by reyan no.4 king grass and cassava leaf, and ensiling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- AU2019101524A4 AU2019101524A4 AU2019101524A AU2019101524A AU2019101524A4 AU 2019101524 A4 AU2019101524 A4 AU 2019101524A4 AU 2019101524 A AU2019101524 A AU 2019101524A AU 2019101524 A AU2019101524 A AU 2019101524A AU 2019101524 A4 AU2019101524 A4 AU 2019101524A4
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- cassava leaves
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- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title description 3
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004461 grass silage Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-phenylquinoline Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=NC(Cl)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/12—Dehydration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present specification discloses a silage fodder mixed by Reyan No. 4 King Grass and Cassava leaves, and an ensiling method thereof, the fodder includes the following components in parts by weight: 65-85% of half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass, 15-30% of cassava leaves, 1-5% of cane molasses and lactic acid preparation added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above raw materials. The half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass is the Reyan No. 4 King Grass containing 65 70% of water content, the cassava leaves are fresh harvested cassava leaves; lactic acid preparation is composed of Lactobacillus plantarum. Preferred embodiments of the present invention may decrease pH of the silage fodder and content of ammonium nitrogen, improves lactic acid content and ensiling quality greatly, increases the protein content of the silage fodder, reduces the content of fiber content and improves the nutritive value of the Reyan No. 4 King Grass silage fodder, which is simple and easy to operate, and has great significance to solve the imbalanced supply of coarse fodder resources and rational utilization of commercial crop by products.
Description
2019101524 05 Dec 2019
SILAGE FODDER MIXED BY REYAN NO. 4 KING GRASS AND CASSAVA LEAF, AND ENSILING METHOD THEREOF TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the technical field of fodder processing method, and in particular to a silage fodder mixed by Reyan No.4 King Grass and cassava leaves, and an ensiling method thereof.
BACKGROUND
Reyan No.4 King Grass is a kind of superior perennial gramineous forage grass selected by Institute of Tropical Crop Variety Resources of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for breeding, featured by high yield, good palatability, etc., and it is the source of the important coarse fodder to ruminant livestock in tropical zones. Due to little rainwater and lower temperature in winter and spring of Hainan, plants grow slowly, causing shortage of forage grass. Therefore, excessive Reyan No.4 King Grass is ensiled in a proper manner during its vigorous growth season, which is very important to balance the full-year supply of livestock fodder and to promote animal production performance. However, due to high water content and low content of soluble sugar in Reyan No.4 King Grass, conventional ensiling methods result in poor quality and low nutritive value. As one of the major three potatoes in the world, cassava is a kind of important commercial crop in China's tropical and subtropical zones, and in China, the cultivated area of cassava is about 6 million Mu, of which Hainan province accounts for 2 million Mu. Usually, the underground part of cassava is mainly harvested, therefore, to prevent excessively flourishing overground part, leaf-thinning is necessary in its production process, thus producing lots of cassava leaves, mainly used as wastes for disposal. Generally, cassava leaf contains 25% of protein content above, and is rich in various vitamins and minerals as well as very high nutritive value, after being processed, it may serve as a good cassava leaf fodder. There is a rather high yield of cassava leaves, the yield of the cassava leaves rationally picked (not affecting the yield of cassava) is equivalent to the yield of the local superior leguminous forage. The aired King Grass is mixed with different proportions of cassava leaves, cane molasses and lactic acid preparations for ensiling to make it being a novel fermented fodder capable of being utilized by ruminant livestock, which is of great significance to solve the imbalanced supply of the coarse fodder resources and rational utilization of commercial crops by-products.
SUMMARY
According to the present invention there is provided a silage fodder mixed by Reyan No.4 King Grass and Cassava leaves, and ensiling method thereof to solve the problems of low ensiling quality, high fiber content and low nutritive value of the Reyan No.4 King Grass as ensiling raw material; on the other hand, the addition of cassava leaves may increase the content
2019101524 05 Dec 2019 of crude protein.
The technical solution adopted in view of the above objective is as follows:
the silage fodder mixed by Reyan No.4 King Grass and cassava leaves include the following components in parts by weight:
half-dried Reyan No.4 King Grass 65-85%; cassava leaves 15-30%;
cane molasses 1-5%;
lactic acid preparation added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above raw materials; the half-dried Reyan No.4 King Grass is Reyan No.4 King Grass containing 65-70% of water content, the cassava leaves are fresh harvested cassava leaves; the cane molasses is a by-product of sugar industry; the lactic acid preparation is composed of Lactobacillus plantarum.
To address the above technical problem, preferred embodiments of the present invention can further provide a mixed ensiling method of Reyan No. 4 King Grass and cassava leaves, including the following steps:
51. Reyan No. 4 King Grass is cut into 2 cm, aired to a half-dry state to obtain the half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass;
52. Fresh cassava leaves are cut into 2 cm;
53. the half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass obtained by step SI, the cassava leaves obtained by step S2, cane molasses and lactic acid preparation are weighed according to the recipe of claim 1, then mixed and stirred well to obtain a mixture;
54. the mixture obtained by step S3 is ensiled by a silage silo or plastic bag, and the silage silo or plastic bag is sealed after filling and compacting to exhaust air, then stored for 30 days at room temperature for further use.
The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:
In the above solution, Reyan No. 4 King Grass is aired to decrease its water content, and mixed with cassava leaves for ensiling to increase the content of fodder's crude protein, thus improving the nutritive value of the fodder, cane molasses is added to provide enough fermentation substrate, lactic acid preparation is added to increase the number of lactic acid bacteria in the fodder, so that lactic acid bacteria may achieve mass propagation and produce lactic acid, making King Grass ensiling easier to succeed. These processing decreases pH of the silage fodder and content of ammonium nitrogen, improves lactic acid content and ensiling quality greatly, increases the protein content of the silage fodder, reduces the content of fiber content and improves the nutritive value of the Reyan No. 4 King Grass silage fodder, which is simple and easy to operate, and has great significance to solve the imbalanced supply of coarse fodder resources and rational utilization of commercial crop by-products.
2019101524 05 Dec 2019
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
To make the foregoing objective, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention.
A lower pH of silage fodder and content of ammonium nitrogen as well as higher lactic acid content indicates a better ensiling quality. The higher the Relative Feed Value (RFV) is, the higher the nutritive value of the fodder is.
In the following comparative examples and embodiments, the cassava leaves taken are the fresh harvested cassava leaves, cane molasses is a by-product of sugar industry, and the lactic acid preparation is Lactobacillus plantarum.
Comparative Example 1
Fresh Reyan No. 4 King Grass was cut into 2-3 cm, and directly ensiled by a plastic bucket, water content was about 80%, then filled and compacted to exhaust air, and sealed. The King Grass was stored for 30 days at room temperature, then sampled, and by measurement, pH was 4.72, content of ammonium nitrogen was 11.36%, lactic acid content was 3.31%, ensiling quality was poorer; content of neutral detergent fiber was 67.29%, content of acid detergent fiber was 47.89%, RFV was 71.32% and nutritive value was lower.
Comparative Example 2
Fresh Reyan No. 4 King Grass was cut into 2-3 cm, and aired to a half-dry state, water content was about 70%, and ensiled by a plastic bucket, then filled and compacted to exhaust air, and sealed. The King Grass was stored for 30 days at room temperature, then sampled, and by measurement, pH was 4.43, content of ammonium nitrogen was 9.66%, lactic acid content was 3.84%, ensiling quality was slightly better than Comparative Example 1; content of neutral detergent fiber was 65.47%, content of acid detergent fiber was 46.15%, RFV was 75.23% and nutritive value was lower.
Embodiment 1
Fresh Reyan No. 4 King Grass was cut into 2 cm, and aired to a half-dry state, water content was about 70%. The cassava leaves for mixed ensiling were cut into 2 cm after being harvested. According to the proportions of 65% half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass, 30% cassava leaves, 5% cane molasses, raw materials were weighed and lactic acid preparation was added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above materials, then fully mixed well, ensiled in a plastic bucket, filled and compacted to exhaust air, and sealed. The mixture was stored for 30 days at room temperature, then sampled, and by measurement, pH was 3.59, content of ammonium nitrogen was 4.58%, lactic acid content was 8.36%, ensiling quality was slightly better than Comparative Example 2;
2019101524 05 Dec 2019 content of neutral detergent fiber was 46.27%, content of acid detergent fiber was 32.31%, RFV was 123.68% and nutritive value was higher.
Embodiment 2
Fresh Reyan No. 4 King Grass was cut into 2 cm, and aired to a half-dry state, water content was about 70%. The cassava leaves for mixed ensiling were cut into 2 cm after being harvested. According to the proportions of 70% half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass, 28% cassava leaves, 2% cane molasses, raw materials were weighed and lactic acid preparation was added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above materials, then fully mixed well, ensiled in a plastic bucket, filled and compacted to exhaust air, and sealed. The mixture was stored for 30 days at room temperature, then sampled, and by measurement, pH was 3.87, content of ammonium nitrogen was 5.80%, lactic acid content was 6.90%, ensiling quality was better; content of neutral detergent fiber was 50.55%, content of acid detergent fiber was 34.24%, RFV was 108.76% and nutritive value was higher.
Embodiment 3
Fresh Reyan No. 4 King Grass was cut into 2 cm, and aired to a half-dry state, water content was about 70%. The cassava leaves for mixed ensiling were cut into 2 cm after being harvested. According to the proportions of 75% half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass, 23% cassava leaves, 2% cane molasses, raw materials were weighed and lactic acid preparation was added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above materials, then fully mixed well, ensiled in a plastic bucket, filled and compacted to exhaust air, and sealed. The mixture was stored for 30 days at room temperature, then sampled, and by measurement, pH was 4.01, content of ammonium nitrogen was 6.43%, lactic acid content was 5.75%, ensiling quality was better; content of neutral detergent fiber was 54.79%, content of acid detergent fiber was 37.4%, RFV was 96.18% and nutritive value was higher.
To sum up, Reyan No. 4 King Grass is aired to decrease its water content, and mixed with cassava leaves for ensiling to increase the content of fodder's crude protein, thus improving the nutritive value of the fodder, cane molasses is added to provide enough fermentation substrate, lactic acid preparation is added to increase the number of lactic acid bacteria in the fodder, so that lactic acid bacteria may achieve mass propagation and produce lactic acid, making King Grass ensiling easier to succeed. These processing decreases pH of the silage fodder and content of ammonium nitrogen, improves lactic acid content and ensiling quality greatly, increases the protein content of the silage fodder, reduces the content of fiber content and improves the nutritive value of the Reyan No. 4 King Grass silage fodder.
The foregoing descriptions are only preferred implementation manners of the present invention. It should be noted that for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements
2019101524 05 Dec 2019 and modifications may further be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise”, and variations such as “comprises” and “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.
The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.
Claims (2)
- What is claimed is:1. A silage fodder mixed by Reyan No. 4 King Grass and cassava leaves, comprising the following components in parts by weight:half-dried Reyan No.4 King Grass cassava leaves65-85%;15-30%;1-5%;added by 5 mg/kg of the gross mass of the above raw materials;cane molasses lactic acid preparation wherein the half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass is Reyan No. 4 King Grass containing 65-70% of water content, the cassava leaves are fresh harvested cassava leaves; the lactic acid preparation is composed of Lactobacillus plantarum.
- 2. A mixed ensiling method of Reyan No. 4 King Grass and cassava leaves, comprising the following steps:51. Reyan No. 4 King Grass is cut into 2 cm, aired to a half-dry state to obtain half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass;52. fresh cassava leaves are cut into 2 cm;53. the half-dried Reyan No. 4 King Grass obtained by step SI, the cassava leaves obtained by step S2, cane molasses and lactic acid preparation are weighed according to the recipe of claim 1, then mixed and stirred well to obtain a mixture;54. the mixture obtained by step S3 is ensiled by a silage silo or plastic bag, and the silage silo or plastic bag is sealed after filling and compacting to exhaust air, then stored for 30 days at room temperature for further use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2019101524A AU2019101524A4 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Silage fodder mixed by reyan no.4 king grass and cassava leaf, and ensiling method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2019101524A AU2019101524A4 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Silage fodder mixed by reyan no.4 king grass and cassava leaf, and ensiling method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| AU2019101524A4 true AU2019101524A4 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| AU2019101524A Active AU2019101524A4 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Silage fodder mixed by reyan no.4 king grass and cassava leaf, and ensiling method thereof |
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| AU (1) | AU2019101524A4 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111500645A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Ensiling process and ensiling device based on water content complementary type |
| WO2022049454A1 (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | Simon Robinson | Feed supplement and extract |
-
2019
- 2019-12-05 AU AU2019101524A patent/AU2019101524A4/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111500645A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Ensiling process and ensiling device based on water content complementary type |
| WO2022049454A1 (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | Simon Robinson | Feed supplement and extract |
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