ATE66328T1 - Substrate fuer gedruckte schaltung. - Google Patents

Substrate fuer gedruckte schaltung.

Info

Publication number
ATE66328T1
ATE66328T1 AT87308702T AT87308702T ATE66328T1 AT E66328 T1 ATE66328 T1 AT E66328T1 AT 87308702 T AT87308702 T AT 87308702T AT 87308702 T AT87308702 T AT 87308702T AT E66328 T1 ATE66328 T1 AT E66328T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
printed circuit
substrates
layer
composite metal
metal layer
Prior art date
Application number
AT87308702T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Masahiro Suzuki
Original Assignee
Junkosha Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Junkosha Co Ltd filed Critical Junkosha Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE66328T1 publication Critical patent/ATE66328T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
    • H05K1/032—Organic insulating material consisting of one material
    • H05K1/034—Organic insulating material consisting of one material containing halogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0393—Flexible materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
    • H05K2201/0137—Materials
    • H05K2201/015—Fluoropolymer, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
    • H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
    • H05K2201/0338—Layered conductor, e.g. layered metal substrate, layered finish layer or layered thin film adhesion layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
    • H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
    • H05K2201/0355—Metal foils
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/901—Printed circuit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12007—Component of composite having metal continuous phase interengaged with nonmetal continuous phase
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/12396—Discontinuous surface component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y10T428/12569—Synthetic resin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
  • Insulated Metal Substrates For Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
  • Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
AT87308702T 1986-10-03 1987-10-01 Substrate fuer gedruckte schaltung. ATE66328T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61235839A JPS6390890A (ja) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 プリント基板
EP87308702A EP0262965B1 (de) 1986-10-03 1987-10-01 Substrate für gedruckte Schaltung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE66328T1 true ATE66328T1 (de) 1991-08-15

Family

ID=16992028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT87308702T ATE66328T1 (de) 1986-10-03 1987-10-01 Substrate fuer gedruckte schaltung.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4781969A (de)
EP (1) EP0262965B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6390890A (de)
AT (1) ATE66328T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3772143D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2024517B3 (de)
GB (1) GB2197134A (de)
GR (1) GR3002474T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01225539A (ja) * 1988-03-04 1989-09-08 Junkosha Co Ltd 積層板
US4979019A (en) * 1988-05-11 1990-12-18 Refractory Composites, Inc. Printed circuit board with inorganic insulating matrix
US4908258A (en) * 1988-08-01 1990-03-13 Rogers Corporation High dielectric constant flexible sheet material
JP2556897B2 (ja) * 1989-02-23 1996-11-27 ファナック株式会社 多層プリント配線板の外層材及び製造方法
US5072075A (en) * 1989-06-28 1991-12-10 Digital Equipment Corporation Double-sided hybrid high density circuit board and method of making same
GB9020428D0 (en) * 1990-09-19 1990-10-31 Gore W L & Ass Uk Thermal control materials
US5250758A (en) * 1991-05-21 1993-10-05 Elf Technologies, Inc. Methods and systems of preparing extended length flexible harnesses
US5196087A (en) * 1991-06-18 1993-03-23 Multimedia Design, Inc. Method for making multi-layer printed circuit board
US5153050A (en) * 1991-08-27 1992-10-06 Johnston James A Component of printed circuit boards
US5288542A (en) * 1992-07-14 1994-02-22 International Business Machines Corporation Composite for providing a rigid-flexible circuit board construction and method for fabrication thereof
AU2392592A (en) * 1992-07-16 1994-02-14 Zycon Corporation Printed circuit board with internal capacitor
US5854534A (en) * 1992-08-05 1998-12-29 Fujitsu Limited Controlled impedence interposer substrate
US5419038A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-05-30 Fujitsu Limited Method for fabricating thin-film interconnector
US5376232A (en) * 1993-08-23 1994-12-27 Parlex Corporation Method of manufacturing a printed circuit board
US5362534A (en) * 1993-08-23 1994-11-08 Parlex Corporation Multiple layer printed circuit boards and method of manufacture
US5449427A (en) * 1994-05-23 1995-09-12 General Electric Company Processing low dielectric constant materials for high speed electronics
US5679444A (en) * 1996-07-15 1997-10-21 International Business Machines Corporation Method for producing multi-layer circuit board and resulting article of manufacture
US6129998A (en) * 1998-04-10 2000-10-10 R.E. Service Company, Inc. Copper/steel laminated sheet for use in manufacturing printed circuit boards
US6127051A (en) * 1998-04-10 2000-10-03 R. E. Service Company, Inc. Copper/steel laminated sheet for use in manufacturing printed circuit boards
US6355360B1 (en) 1998-04-10 2002-03-12 R.E. Service Company, Inc. Separator sheet laminate for use in the manufacture of printed circuit boards
US6129990A (en) * 1998-04-10 2000-10-10 R. E. Service Company, Inc. Copper/steel laminated sheet for use in manufacturing printed circuit boards
JP3518992B2 (ja) * 1998-06-05 2004-04-12 ソニーケミカル株式会社 フレキシブルプリント配線板
US7214566B1 (en) 2000-06-16 2007-05-08 Micron Technology, Inc. Semiconductor device package and method
US6673471B2 (en) 2001-02-23 2004-01-06 Nikko Materials Usa, Inc. Corrosion prevention for CAC component
US6783860B1 (en) 2001-05-11 2004-08-31 R. E. Service Company, Inc. Laminated entry and exit material for drilling printed circuit boards
JP3898077B2 (ja) * 2001-11-13 2007-03-28 株式会社フジクラ フレキシブルプリント配線板の製造方法
KR20050071497A (ko) * 2002-09-18 2005-07-07 닛뽕 뻬인또 가부시키가이샤 라미네이트의 제조 방법, 및 라미네이트
US20050112344A1 (en) * 2003-08-20 2005-05-26 Redfern Sean M. Apparatus and method for use in printed circuit board drilling applications
WO2008046188A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-24 Tir Technology Lp Circuit board with regional flexibility
EP2191701B1 (de) 2007-09-28 2013-03-20 Tri-Star Laminates, Inc. Eingangsfolie, herstellungsverfahren dafür und verfahren zur bohrung von löchern in bestückten leiterplatten
WO2009052621A1 (en) 2007-10-22 2009-04-30 D-Wave Systems Inc. Systems, methods, and apparatus for electrical filters and input/output systems
DE102015224359A1 (de) 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Flexible Leiterfolienanordnung mit Leiterbahnen aus unterschiedlichen Materialien
GB2566189B (en) 2016-05-03 2020-09-02 D Wave Systems Inc Systems and methods for superconducting devices used in superconducting circuits and scalable computing
US10798819B2 (en) 2016-10-31 2020-10-06 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Flexible printed circuit to mitigate cracking at through-holes
US11105866B2 (en) 2018-06-05 2021-08-31 D-Wave Systems Inc. Dynamical isolation of a cryogenic processor
CN110126372A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-16 河源广工大协同创新研究院 一种多层金属箔层结构覆铜板的制备方法
US11839164B2 (en) 2019-08-19 2023-12-05 D-Wave Systems Inc. Systems and methods for addressing devices in a superconducting circuit

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50133463A (de) * 1974-04-15 1975-10-22
DE7415329U (de) * 1974-05-02 1974-09-12 Aeg Isolier Und Kunststoff Gmbh Basismaterialplate für die Herstellung von gedruckten Schaltungen
GB1449350A (en) * 1974-05-15 1976-09-15 Electrofoils Ltd Laminate for printed circuit board
US4424408A (en) * 1979-11-21 1984-01-03 Elarde Vito D High temperature circuit board
US4633035A (en) * 1982-07-12 1986-12-30 Rogers Corporation Microwave circuit boards
JPS5933894A (ja) * 1982-08-19 1984-02-23 電気化学工業株式会社 混成集積用回路基板の製造法
US4568413A (en) * 1983-07-25 1986-02-04 James J. Toth Metallized and plated laminates
JPS60225750A (ja) * 1984-04-24 1985-11-11 株式会社　潤工社 プリント基板
JPS61189689A (ja) * 1985-02-18 1986-08-23 日立電線株式会社 プリント回路用金属箔

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2197134A (en) 1988-05-11
EP0262965A3 (en) 1988-07-06
JPS6390890A (ja) 1988-04-21
GR3002474T3 (en) 1992-12-30
DE3772143D1 (de) 1991-09-19
ES2024517B3 (es) 1992-03-01
GB8723062D0 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0262965A2 (de) 1988-04-06
JPH0521356B2 (de) 1993-03-24
US4781969A (en) 1988-11-01
EP0262965B1 (de) 1991-08-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE66328T1 (de) Substrate fuer gedruckte schaltung.
TW232120B (de)
DE3262203D1 (en) Component assembly including a rigid substrate
CA2169547A1 (en) Multiple Layer Printed Circuit Boards and Method of Manufacture
EP0245770A3 (en) Multilayer ceramic substrate with circuit patterns
ATE122651T1 (de) Heisspressen dichter keramischer flachkörper als ein- und mehrschichtsubstrate für elektronische bauelemente.
KR920008720B1 (en) Dry film photoresist for forming a conformable mask and method of application to a printed circuit board or the like
DE3672493D1 (de) Traeger fuer gedruckte leiterkarten.
JPS56153797A (en) Method of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit board substrate
EP0295848A3 (de) Herstellung eines Mehrschicht-Leitermusters auf einem dielektrischen Substrat
AU578202B2 (en) Printed circuit boards having improved adhesion between solder mask and metal
DE69333142D1 (de) Bedruckte schaltträger
GB2324753B (en) Printed circuit and printed wiring boards and methods of manufacture
DE3689881D1 (de) Mit kupfer kaschierte biegsame gedruckte schaltungsplatte.
GB8518145D0 (en) Etching of copper films on circuit boards
JPS6422091A (en) Double-side printed board
JPS5511351A (en) Substrate for printed circuit board
JPS57186387A (en) Flexible printed circuit board substrate
JPS53138056A (en) Method of coating resin layer on printed circuit board metal material substrate having through hole
JPS5575289A (en) Method of fabricating refractory flexible printed circuit board substrate
JPS6142872U (ja) フレキシブル回路基板
JPS6464292A (en) Manufacture of printed board
JPS56153796A (en) Method of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit board substrate
JPS57111086A (en) Metal core-filled printed circuit board substrate
JPS57184280A (en) Board for printed circuit substrate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
UEP Publication of translation of european patent specification
REN Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee