ATE428679T1 - Verfahren zum stabilen betreiben eines kontinuierlich ausgeübten herstellprozesses zur erzeugung von acrolein, oder acrylsäure oder deren gemisch aus propan - Google Patents
Verfahren zum stabilen betreiben eines kontinuierlich ausgeübten herstellprozesses zur erzeugung von acrolein, oder acrylsäure oder deren gemisch aus propanInfo
- Publication number
- ATE428679T1 ATE428679T1 AT06807555T AT06807555T ATE428679T1 AT E428679 T1 ATE428679 T1 AT E428679T1 AT 06807555 T AT06807555 T AT 06807555T AT 06807555 T AT06807555 T AT 06807555T AT E428679 T1 ATE428679 T1 AT E428679T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- propane
- gas mixture
- molecular oxygen
- product gas
- propylene
- Prior art date
Links
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 18
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 title abstract 15
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 17
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 12
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 12
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 abstract 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/215—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
- B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0461—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
- B01J8/0469—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
- C07C45/35—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds in propene or isobutene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/25—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C51/252—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring of propene, butenes, acrolein or methacrolein
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00265—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling
- B01J2208/00274—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling involving reactant vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US73265805P | 2005-11-03 | 2005-11-03 | |
| DE102005052923A DE102005052923A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 | 2005-11-03 | Verfahren zum stabilen Betreiben eines kontinuierlich ausgeübten Herstellprozesses zur Erzeugung von Acrolein, oder Acrylsäure oder deren Gemisch aus Propan |
| PCT/EP2006/067784 WO2007051750A2 (de) | 2005-11-03 | 2006-10-26 | Verfahren zum stabilen betreiben eines kontinuierlich ausgeübten herstellprozesses zur erzeugung von acrolein, oder acrylsäure oder deren gemisch aus propan |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE428679T1 true ATE428679T1 (de) | 2009-05-15 |
Family
ID=37949866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT06807555T ATE428679T1 (de) | 2005-11-03 | 2006-10-26 | Verfahren zum stabilen betreiben eines kontinuierlich ausgeübten herstellprozesses zur erzeugung von acrolein, oder acrylsäure oder deren gemisch aus propan |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1945600B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4956544B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101300218B (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE428679T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102005052923A1 (de) |
| MY (1) | MY148411A (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2429219C9 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007051750A2 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200804663B (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005055826A1 (de) | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-24 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum sicheren Betreiben einer Gasphasen-Partialoxidation |
| KR101370749B1 (ko) | 2005-11-24 | 2014-03-06 | 바스프 에스이 | 프로판으로부터 아크롤레인 또는 아크릴산, 또는 그의혼합물의 제조 방법 |
| US7842846B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2010-11-30 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of at least one hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated |
| DE102006024901A1 (de) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrolein, oder Acrylsäure oder deren Gemisch aus Propan |
| DE102006035718A1 (de) | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum Langzeitbetrieb einer kontinuierlich betriebenen heterogen katalysierten partiellen Dehydrierung eines zu dehydrierenden Kohlenwasserstoffs |
| DE102007004960A1 (de) | 2007-01-26 | 2008-07-31 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure |
| DE102007055086A1 (de) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-20 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure |
| DE102007006647A1 (de) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-07 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Regenerierung eines im Rahmen einer heterogen katalysierten partiellen Dehydrierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs deaktivierten Katalysatorbetts |
| DE102008044946B4 (de) | 2008-08-29 | 2022-06-15 | Evonik Superabsorber Gmbh | Einsatz von Schaumkörpern in Oxidations-Reaktoren zur Herstellung ungesättigter Carbonsäuren |
| JP6204242B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-27 | 2017-09-27 | 旭化成株式会社 | 酸化物触媒及びその製造方法、並びに不飽和アルデヒド又は不飽和ニトリルの製造方法 |
| FR3082201A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-13 | Arkema France | Procede de production de 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, reacteur et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de celui-ci. |
| FR3082200B1 (fr) | 2018-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | Arkema France | Procede de production de 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene et reacteur pour la mise en oeuvre de celui-ci. |
| FR3082203B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-12 | 2020-08-14 | Arkema France | Procede de production de 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de celui-ci. |
| FR3082202B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | Arkema France | Procede de production de 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de celui-ci. |
| US20240343667A1 (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2024-10-17 | Basf Se | Process for preparing acrylic acid |
| CN115707508B (zh) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-10-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 气态烷烃在处理含氯丙烯和氧气的尾气中的应用 |
| WO2025172146A1 (de) | 2024-02-15 | 2025-08-21 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von acrylsäure |
| WO2025219135A1 (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2025-10-23 | Basf Se | Process for utilizing high calorific acrylic acid production waste streams |
| WO2025219136A1 (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2025-10-23 | Basf Se | Process for utilizing acrylic acid production waste streams |
| WO2025219137A1 (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2025-10-23 | Basf Se | Process for utilizing acrylic acid production waste streams by gasification and fermentation |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413147A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-11-01 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Conversion of isobutane to methacrolein |
| DE3461782D1 (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1987-02-05 | Halcon Sd Group Inc | Conversion of propane to acrylic acid |
| NO300117B1 (no) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-04-14 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Reaktor for dehydrogenering av hydrokarboner med selektiv oksidasjon av hydrogen |
| DE19837518A1 (de) * | 1998-08-19 | 2000-02-24 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrolein und/oder Acrylsäure aus Propan |
| DE19837519A1 (de) * | 1998-08-19 | 2000-02-24 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrolein und/oder Acrylsäure aus Propan |
| DE10028582A1 (de) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-20 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrolein oder Acrylsäure oder deren Gemischen aus Propan |
| DE10122027A1 (de) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-05-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure durch heterogen katalysierte Partialoxidation von Propan |
| DE10117678A1 (de) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-10 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zweistufigen Herstellung von Acrylsäure |
| DE10211275A1 (de) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-25 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der kontinuierlichen heterogen katalysierten partiellen Dehydrierung |
| DE10245585A1 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wenigstens einem partiellen Oxidations- und/oder Ammoxidationsprodukt des Propylens |
| US7238827B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2007-07-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of at least one partial oxidation and/or ammoxidation product of propylene |
| RU2356881C2 (ru) * | 2003-04-07 | 2009-05-27 | Басф Акциенгезельшафт | Способ получения, по меньшей мере, одного продукта частичного окисления и/или аммокисления углеводорода, выбранного из группы, включающей акролеин, метакролеин, акриловую кислоту, метакриловую кислоту, акрилонитрил и метакрилонитрил |
| DE102004032129A1 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2005-03-03 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrolein, oder Acrylsäure oder deren Gemisch aus Propan |
| US7388106B2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2008-06-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparing acrolein or acrylic acid or a mixture thereof from propane |
-
2005
- 2005-11-03 DE DE102005052923A patent/DE102005052923A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-10-26 AT AT06807555T patent/ATE428679T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-26 CN CN200680041219XA patent/CN101300218B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-26 MY MYPI20081410A patent/MY148411A/en unknown
- 2006-10-26 JP JP2008538337A patent/JP4956544B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-26 RU RU2008121873/04A patent/RU2429219C9/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-26 EP EP06807555A patent/EP1945600B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-26 WO PCT/EP2006/067784 patent/WO2007051750A2/de not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-05-29 ZA ZA200804663A patent/ZA200804663B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007051750A2 (de) | 2007-05-10 |
| MY148411A (en) | 2013-04-30 |
| RU2429219C2 (ru) | 2011-09-20 |
| CN101300218B (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
| EP1945600A2 (de) | 2008-07-23 |
| CN101300218A (zh) | 2008-11-05 |
| WO2007051750A3 (de) | 2007-06-28 |
| RU2008121873A (ru) | 2009-12-10 |
| DE102005052923A1 (de) | 2007-05-10 |
| ZA200804663B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| JP4956544B2 (ja) | 2012-06-20 |
| JP2009514829A (ja) | 2009-04-09 |
| RU2429219C9 (ru) | 2012-08-27 |
| EP1945600B1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ZA200804663B (en) | Method for carrying out in a stable manner a process for continuously producing acrolein or acrylic acid or the mixture thereof from propane | |
| ATE463474T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von acrolein, oder acrylsäure oder deren gemisch aus propan | |
| ATE396162T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von butadien aus n- butan | |
| DE602007003236D1 (de) | Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Produktion von Olefinen und Diestern oder Disäuren aus ungesättigten Fettkörpern | |
| DE50313078D1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor aus salzsäure und ein damit integriertes verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten | |
| ATE334112T1 (de) | Verfahren zum herstellen von vinylacetat | |
| RU2009147823A (ru) | Способ непрерывного получения метилмеркаптана из углерод- и водородсодержащих соединений | |
| NZ575960A (en) | Process for the deoxygenation of feedstocks containing carboxylic acids / esters to produce hydrocarbons involving a supported Cobalt Molybdenum catalyst | |
| ATE447539T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor | |
| RU2004129592A (ru) | Способ выделения алкенов | |
| BRPI0408554A (pt) | processo para a oxidação parcial de propeno a ácido acrìlico em fase gasosa | |
| MY152853A (en) | Production by distillation of acetone cyanhydrin and method for producing methacrylic ester and subsequent products | |
| DE50302087D1 (de) | Festbettverfahren zur herstellung von chlor durch katalytische gasphasen-oxidation von chlorwasserstoff | |
| DE60018313D1 (de) | Integriertes verfahren zur herstellung von vinylacetat | |
| ATE372299T1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von chlor | |
| US8128898B2 (en) | Removal of hydrogen cyanide from synthesis gas | |
| ATE247622T1 (de) | Verfahren für die herstellung von vinylacetat | |
| EA202090765A1 (ru) | Способ прямого получения метилацетата и/или уксусной кислоты из синтез-газа | |
| RU2004129597A (ru) | Способ получения алкенилкарбоксилата или алкилкарбоксилата | |
| US4268362A (en) | Method for purifying acetic acid | |
| KR101139206B1 (ko) | 반응 기체 혼합물로부터 메틸 머캅탄을 분리하는 방법 | |
| KR20120099501A (ko) | 알킬 히드로퍼옥시드의 제조 방법 | |
| BRPI0418869A (pt) | métodos para a produção de ácido (met) acrìlico ou (met) acroleìna | |
| Suzuki et al. | Direct oxidation of cycloalkanes with molecular oxygen to dicarboxylic acids using isoamyl nitrite | |
| GB0312965D0 (en) | Process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| REN | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee |