ATE413380T1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von diisocyanaten und/oder triisocyanaten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von diisocyanaten und/oder triisocyanatenInfo
- Publication number
- ATE413380T1 ATE413380T1 AT04028815T AT04028815T ATE413380T1 AT E413380 T1 ATE413380 T1 AT E413380T1 AT 04028815 T AT04028815 T AT 04028815T AT 04028815 T AT04028815 T AT 04028815T AT E413380 T1 ATE413380 T1 AT E413380T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- tubular reactor
- guide tube
- triamines
- reactor
- diamines
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C263/00—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C263/10—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1812—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/1843—Concentric tube
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/244—Concentric tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/005—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes provided with baffles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00164—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10359627A DE10359627A1 (de) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diisocyanaten |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE413380T1 true ATE413380T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
Family
ID=34609493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT04028815T ATE413380T1 (de) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung von diisocyanaten und/oder triisocyanaten |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6930199B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1555258B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP4676754B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101135352B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN100475783C (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE413380T1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2490050C (enExample) |
| DE (2) | DE10359627A1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2314330T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04012337A (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL1555258T3 (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2377233C2 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI335908B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (60)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4739798B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-05 | 2011-08-03 | 三井化学株式会社 | ポリイソシアネート連続製造装置 |
| DE102005036870A1 (de) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-08 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Gasphasenphosgenierung |
| DE102005042392A1 (de) * | 2005-09-06 | 2007-03-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten |
| WO2008015134A1 (de) | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-07 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von pentamethylen-1,5-diisocyanat |
| CN101153015B (zh) * | 2006-09-28 | 2010-06-16 | 宁波万华聚氨酯有限公司 | 一种孔射流式反应器及利用该反应器制备异氰酸酯的方法 |
| CN101583594B (zh) * | 2006-11-07 | 2013-06-19 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 生产异氰酸酯的方法 |
| US20100048942A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2010-02-25 | Basf Se | Process for preparing isocyanates |
| DE102006058634A1 (de) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| DE102006058633A1 (de) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| CN101209405B (zh) * | 2006-12-27 | 2013-08-28 | 宁波万华聚氨酯有限公司 | 一种孔射流式喷射反应器 |
| WO2008077287A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Ningbo Wanhua Polyurethanes Co. Ltd. | An orifice jet-type injection reactor |
| DE102007020444A1 (de) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-06 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Oxidation eines Chlorwasserstoffenthaltenden Gasgemisches |
| KR101572277B1 (ko) | 2007-08-30 | 2015-11-26 | 바스프 에스이 | 이소시아네이트의 제조 방법 |
| EP2060560B1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2016-04-13 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Preparation of light-colored isocyanates |
| DE102007056511A1 (de) | 2007-11-22 | 2009-05-28 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung aromatischer Diisocyanate in der Gasphase |
| EP2307356B1 (de) * | 2008-07-23 | 2012-06-06 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| EP2349986B1 (de) | 2008-10-15 | 2013-04-24 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| EP2364294B1 (de) | 2008-11-07 | 2013-07-03 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| JP5576390B2 (ja) | 2008-12-03 | 2014-08-20 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | イソシアネートの製造方法 |
| DE102008061686A1 (de) | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-17 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| DE102008063728A1 (de) | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| DE102008063991A1 (de) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| US20110301380A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2011-12-08 | Basf Se | Process and apparatus for preparing isocyanates |
| EP2408738B1 (de) | 2009-03-20 | 2017-07-26 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| CN102369182B (zh) | 2009-04-08 | 2015-04-08 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 异氰酸酯的制备方法 |
| DE102009032413A1 (de) | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-13 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten |
| US8487127B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2013-07-16 | Basf Se | Process for preparing isocyanates in the gas phase |
| JP5827248B2 (ja) | 2010-02-26 | 2015-12-02 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 気相においてイソシアネートを製造する方法 |
| US20110230679A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-09-22 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Reactive Static Mixer |
| DE102010019342A1 (de) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-10 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| PL393216A1 (pl) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-18 | Zakłady Chemiczne Zachem Spółka Akcyjna | Sposób otrzymywania toluilenodiizocyjanianu (TDI) poprzez prowadzenia reakcji fosgenowania toluilenodiaminy (TDA) w fazie gazowej oraz urządzenie do otrzymywania toluilenodiizocyjanianu (TDI) poprzez prowadzenie reakcji fosgenowania toluilenodiaminy (TDA) w fazie gazowej |
| PL214498B1 (pl) | 2010-12-10 | 2013-08-30 | Inst Chemii Przemyslowej Im Prof Ignacego Moscickiego | Sposób wydzielania produktów reakcji fosgenowania toluilenodiaminy (TDA) w fazie gazowej przy wytwarzaniu toluilenodiizocyjanianu (TDI) |
| KR101499758B1 (ko) | 2010-12-29 | 2015-03-06 | 완후아 케미컬 그룹 코., 엘티디 | 고속 혼합 반응기 및 그의 사용방법 |
| CN104411681B (zh) | 2012-07-11 | 2017-03-29 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 后处理由制备异氰酸酯产生的蒸馏残渣的方法 |
| US9932299B2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2018-04-03 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Process for separating an isocyanate prepared by phosgenation of a primary amine in the gas phase from the gaseous crude product of the phosgenation |
| CN103224457B (zh) * | 2013-04-15 | 2015-02-25 | 湘潭大学 | 一种连续制备氨基甲酰氯的方法及其装置 |
| EP2829533A1 (de) | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-28 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| CN103638893B (zh) * | 2013-12-14 | 2015-04-01 | 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 | 一种节流子反应器及利用其制备异氰酸酯的方法 |
| WO2015155367A1 (de) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Zusammensetzung enthaltend aromatische nitrile zur herstellung transparenter polythiourethankörper |
| CN106715384B (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2022-07-08 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 在气相中制备1,5-戊二异氰酸酯的方法 |
| JP2017527596A (ja) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-09-21 | コベストロ、ドイチュラント、アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＣｏｖｅｓｔｒｏ Ｄｅｕｔｓｃｈｌａｎｄ Ａｇ | 気相中でイソシアネートを製造するための方法 |
| KR102540646B1 (ko) | 2015-03-16 | 2023-06-08 | 코베스트로 도이칠란트 아게 | 1,5-펜타메틸렌 디이소시아네이트를 기재로 하는 폴리이소시아네이트 조성물 |
| ES2720033T3 (es) | 2015-04-21 | 2019-07-17 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Mezcla de poliisocianato a base de 1,5-diisocianatopentano |
| CN107667089B (zh) | 2015-06-12 | 2021-02-26 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 在气相中制备二异氰酸酯的方法 |
| CN105032307B (zh) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种动态自清理反应器及其用于制备异氰酸酯的方法 |
| JP6913083B2 (ja) | 2015-09-30 | 2021-08-04 | コベストロ、ドイチュラント、アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＣｏｖｅｓｔｒｏ Ｄｅｕｔｓｃｈｌａｎｄ Ａｇ | イソシアネートの製造方法 |
| KR20180088657A (ko) | 2015-12-03 | 2018-08-06 | 코베스트로 도이칠란트 아게 | 이소시아네이트의 제조 방법 |
| WO2018114846A1 (de) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines isocyanats |
| WO2018184980A1 (de) | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-11 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Reinigungsvorrichtung für gasströme aus der isocyanatherstellung |
| WO2018224530A1 (de) | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-13 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| EP3634947B1 (de) | 2017-06-08 | 2022-09-07 | Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten in der gasphase |
| HUE068310T2 (hu) | 2019-09-17 | 2024-12-28 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Eljárás izocianátok elõállítására |
| EP4104922A1 (en) | 2021-06-14 | 2022-12-21 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Reactor and process for preparing isocyanates |
| WO2022263320A1 (en) | 2021-06-14 | 2022-12-22 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Reactor and process for preparing isocyanates |
| CN114195683B (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-03-17 | 山东新和成维生素有限公司 | 一种采用气相反应器制备异氰酸酯的方法及气相反应器 |
| CN115041106B (zh) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-11-07 | 湖北新轩宏新材料有限公司 | 一种制备三氯甲苯的反应器及制备方法 |
| EP4378576A1 (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-05 | Basf Se | Apparatus and process for preparing isocyanates |
| EP4442859A1 (de) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-09 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Nachhaltige herstellung von hexamethylendiisocyanat für die produktion von polyurethan |
| EP4480944A1 (de) | 2023-06-20 | 2024-12-25 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von aliphatischen diisocyanaten in der gasphase |
| EP4545579A1 (de) | 2023-10-24 | 2025-04-30 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung eines polyisocyanats auf basis von 1,5-pentamethylendiisocyanat |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD132340B1 (de) * | 1975-09-23 | 1983-06-08 | Hans Iben | Verfahren zur phosgenierung von aminen zu mono-,di-und polyisocyanaten |
| DE3714439A1 (de) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-11-10 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von (cyclo)aliphatischen diisocyanaten |
| FR2697017B1 (fr) * | 1992-10-16 | 1995-01-06 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procédé de préparation de composés du type isocyanates aromatiques en phase gazeuse. |
| DE19523385A1 (de) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-01-09 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Triisocyanaten |
| DE19707576C1 (de) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-04-16 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Biuretstruktur |
| DE19800529A1 (de) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-15 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Phosgenierung von Aminen in der Gasphase unter Einsatz von Mikrostrukturmischern |
| JP2001151725A (ja) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-06-05 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | アルデヒド処理剤混合装置およびアクリル酸の精製方法 |
| DE10133728A1 (de) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-23 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von (cyclo)aliphatischen Diisocyanaten |
| DE10158160A1 (de) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-12 | Basf Ag | Herstellung von Isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
| DE10161384A1 (de) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-18 | Bayer Ag | Verbessertes Verfahren für die Herstellung von (/Poly)-isocyanaten in der Gasphase |
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 DE DE10359627A patent/DE10359627A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-12-06 ES ES04028815T patent/ES2314330T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-06 PL PL04028815T patent/PL1555258T3/pl unknown
- 2004-12-06 AT AT04028815T patent/ATE413380T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-06 EP EP04028815A patent/EP1555258B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-06 DE DE502004008400T patent/DE502004008400D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-08 MX MXPA04012337A patent/MXPA04012337A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-12-13 US US11/010,937 patent/US6930199B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-13 CA CA2490050A patent/CA2490050C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-17 JP JP2004366163A patent/JP4676754B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-17 TW TW093139243A patent/TWI335908B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-17 KR KR1020040107659A patent/KR101135352B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-17 RU RU2004137019/04A patent/RU2377233C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-20 CN CNB2004101019270A patent/CN100475783C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2377233C2 (ru) | 2009-12-27 |
| PL1555258T3 (pl) | 2009-04-30 |
| KR101135352B1 (ko) | 2012-04-17 |
| KR20050061385A (ko) | 2005-06-22 |
| CA2490050C (en) | 2012-02-07 |
| CN100475783C (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
| DE502004008400D1 (de) | 2008-12-18 |
| EP1555258B1 (de) | 2008-11-05 |
| DE10359627A1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
| CN1651406A (zh) | 2005-08-10 |
| TWI335908B (en) | 2011-01-11 |
| CA2490050A1 (en) | 2005-06-18 |
| HK1081525A1 (zh) | 2006-05-19 |
| MXPA04012337A (es) | 2005-06-23 |
| EP1555258A1 (de) | 2005-07-20 |
| US6930199B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 |
| RU2004137019A (ru) | 2006-05-27 |
| US20050137417A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
| JP2005179361A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
| JP4676754B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
| ES2314330T3 (es) | 2009-03-16 |
| TW200535123A (en) | 2005-11-01 |
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