ATE153181T1 - Festoxid-brennstoffzelle - Google Patents

Festoxid-brennstoffzelle

Info

Publication number
ATE153181T1
ATE153181T1 AT94908982T AT94908982T ATE153181T1 AT E153181 T1 ATE153181 T1 AT E153181T1 AT 94908982 T AT94908982 T AT 94908982T AT 94908982 T AT94908982 T AT 94908982T AT E153181 T1 ATE153181 T1 AT E153181T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
pct
fuel cell
solid oxide
oxide fuel
ysz
Prior art date
Application number
AT94908982T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Carsten Bagger
Bruno Kindl
Mogens Mogensen
Original Assignee
Risoe Forskningscenter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Risoe Forskningscenter filed Critical Risoe Forskningscenter
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE153181T1 publication Critical patent/ATE153181T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
    • H01M4/9025—Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9033—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/016—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on manganites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/488—Composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/6261—Milling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/6264—Mixing media, e.g. organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62685—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures characterised by the order of addition of constituents or additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/6342—Polyvinylacetals, e.g. polyvinylbutyral [PVB]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63488—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol [PEG], polyethylene oxide [PEO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3213—Strontium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3227—Lanthanum oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3246—Stabilised zirconias, e.g. YSZ or cerium stabilised zirconia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
    • C04B2235/3268—Manganates, manganites, rhenates or rhenites, e.g. lithium manganite, barium manganate, rhenium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C04B2235/6025—Tape casting, e.g. with a doctor blade
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/606—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/608—Green bodies or pre-forms with well-defined density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77—Density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/95—Products characterised by their size, e.g. microceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • C04B2235/9615—Linear firing shrinkage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • C04B2235/9623—Ceramic setters properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
AT94908982T 1993-03-01 1994-03-01 Festoxid-brennstoffzelle ATE153181T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK022593A DK171621B1 (da) 1993-03-01 1993-03-01 Fastoxidbrændselscelle med katode af LSM og YSZ

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE153181T1 true ATE153181T1 (de) 1997-05-15

Family

ID=8091142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT94908982T ATE153181T1 (de) 1993-03-01 1994-03-01 Festoxid-brennstoffzelle

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) USD360020S (de)
EP (1) EP0687387B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3351791B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE153181T1 (de)
AU (1) AU6202194A (de)
DE (1) DE69403198T2 (de)
DK (1) DK171621B1 (de)
NO (1) NO318176B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1994020998A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (70)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD375558S (en) 1995-06-07 1996-11-12 Douglas Williams End coupler for fume exhaust ducts
US5670270A (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-09-23 The Dow Chemical Company Electrode structure for solid state electrochemical devices
US6117582A (en) * 1995-11-16 2000-09-12 The Dow Chemical Company Cathode composition for solid oxide fuel cell
US5993986A (en) * 1995-11-16 1999-11-30 The Dow Chemical Company Solide oxide fuel cell stack with composite electrodes and method for making
US5712055A (en) * 1996-02-29 1998-01-27 Gas Research Institute Multi-stage fuel cell arrangement
WO1998043308A1 (de) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzelle mit verbundstoff-kathode
US5935727A (en) * 1997-04-10 1999-08-10 The Dow Chemical Company Solid oxide fuel cells
AU2994397A (en) * 1997-04-30 1998-11-24 Dow Chemical Company, The Electrode structure for solid state electrochemical devices
US5922486A (en) * 1997-05-29 1999-07-13 The Dow Chemical Company Cosintering of multilayer stacks of solid oxide fuel cells
US6074771A (en) * 1998-02-06 2000-06-13 Igr Enterprises, Inc. Ceramic composite electrolytic device and method for manufacture thereof
WO1999045607A1 (en) * 1998-03-03 1999-09-10 Celltech Power, Llc A carbon-oxygen electricity-generating unit
DE19908213B4 (de) * 1998-07-27 2005-03-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Basisrohr für eine Brennstoffzelle
US6228521B1 (en) * 1998-12-08 2001-05-08 The University Of Utah Research Foundation High power density solid oxide fuel cell having a graded anode
USD430482S (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-09-05 Eastern Sheet Metal, Inc. Sleeve coupling
USD435090S (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-12-12 Eastern Sheet Metal, Inc. Gasket
USD427667S (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-07-04 Eastern Sheet Metal, Inc. Sleeve coupling
USD427673S (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-07-04 Eastern Sheet Metal, Inc. Sleeve coupling
USD437034S1 (en) 1999-05-20 2001-01-30 Eastern Sheet Metal, Inc. Gasket
US6379832B1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2002-04-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Base tube for fuel cell and material for base tube
KR20030020271A (ko) * 2000-04-18 2003-03-08 셀테크 파워, 인크. 전기화학 장치 및 에너지 변환 방법
USD446298S1 (en) 2000-09-07 2001-08-07 William E. Thurman Duct
USD475448S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-03 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with an indented end
USD480132S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-09-30 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Reducer with an indented end
USD478978S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-08-26 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Reducer with a crimped end
USD475449S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-03 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct tap with an indented end
USD475778S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-10 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Offset duct with a crimped end
USD528646S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-09-19 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with a crimped end
USD521633S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-05-23 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct tap with a crimped end
USD527091S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-08-22 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with an indented end
USD476074S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-17 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct tap with a crimped end
USD523131S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-06-13 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with an indented end
USD475779S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-10 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Offset duct with an indented end
USD475447S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-03 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Bell mouth with an indented end
USD501547S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2005-02-01 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with an indented end
USD475780S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-06-10 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with a crimped end
USD501548S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2005-02-01 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct tap with an indented end
USD524436S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-07-04 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with a crimped end
USD521632S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-05-23 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Duct with a crimped end
USD475130S1 (en) 2001-03-20 2003-05-27 Eastern Sheet Metal Llc Bell mouth with a crimped end
AU2002316379A1 (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-01-08 Celltech Power, Inc. Electrode layer arrangements in an electrochemical device
US6653009B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-11-25 Sarnoff Corporation Solid oxide fuel cells and interconnectors
AU2002363943A1 (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-06-10 Celltech Power, Inc. An electrochemical system and methods for control thereof
KR20050084337A (ko) * 2002-12-16 2005-08-26 더 트러스티스 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 펜실바니아 고성능 세라믹 음극 및 이의 제조 방법
US6958196B2 (en) * 2003-02-21 2005-10-25 Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Porous electrode, solid oxide fuel cell, and method of producing the same
US20060040167A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2006-02-23 Celltech Power, Inc. Components for electrochemical devices including multi-unit device arrangements
US7943270B2 (en) * 2003-06-10 2011-05-17 Celltech Power Llc Electrochemical device configurations
WO2004112175A2 (en) * 2003-06-10 2004-12-23 Celltech Power, Inc. Oxidation facilitator
FR2856397B1 (fr) * 2003-06-19 2005-09-16 Electricite De France Procede de preparation de couches d'oxydes d'elements metalliques
USD504503S1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-04-26 William E. Thurman Duct link
JP4855686B2 (ja) * 2005-01-13 2012-01-18 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池
US7523964B2 (en) * 2005-03-24 2009-04-28 Langdon Incorporated Sealing gasket for ventilation duct system
USD521147S1 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-05-16 Langdon Incorporated Portion of ductwork
USD534253S1 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-12-26 Langdon Incorporated Gasket
USD529598S1 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-10-03 Langdon Incorporated Portion of ductwork
US7275019B2 (en) * 2005-05-17 2007-09-25 Dell Products L.P. System and method for information handling system thermal diagnostics
US7534519B2 (en) * 2005-09-16 2009-05-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Symmetrical, bi-electrode supported solid oxide fuel cell
BRPI0601210A (pt) * 2006-03-17 2007-11-27 Coppe Ufrj processo de obtenção de suspensões aquosas para eletrodos de pilhas a combustìvel de óxido sólido e outros dispositivos eletrocatalìticos
JP4861735B2 (ja) * 2006-03-30 2012-01-25 新光電気工業株式会社 固体電解質燃料電池及びその製造方法
USD586704S1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2009-02-17 Pioneer Weston International Limited Axle seal
CN100399611C (zh) * 2006-05-19 2008-07-02 中国矿业大学(北京) 固体氧化物燃料电池阴极负载型半电池的制备方法
ES2456821T3 (es) * 2008-12-03 2014-04-23 Technical University Of Denmark Pila de óxido sólido y apilamiento de pilas de óxido sólido
USD651291S1 (en) * 2010-01-24 2011-12-27 Glv International (1995) Ltd. Duct connector ring
US20120251917A1 (en) * 2011-04-04 2012-10-04 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Solid oxide fuel cell comprising nanostructure composite cathode and fabrication method thereof
USD728774S1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2015-05-05 Michael Graham Connector assembly
USD723667S1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2015-03-03 Steven C. Locke Hose protection device
USD799690S1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2017-10-10 Ebara Corporation Inner cylinder for exhaust gas treatment apparatus
USD861766S1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2019-10-01 Gopro, Inc. Camera lens filter
CN109841844A (zh) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-04 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种锰酸镧基阴极支撑固体氧化物燃料电池及其应用
US20220190373A1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-06-16 Bloom Energy Corporation Solid oxide electrolyzer cell including electrolysis-tolerant air-side electrode
USD984656S1 (en) * 2021-12-27 2023-04-25 Youhui Yang Massager accessory

Family Cites Families (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE19819C1 (de) 1905-09-02
SE26995C1 (de) 1909-06-05
US210367A (en) 1878-11-26 Improvement in sheet-metal elbows
SE17788C1 (de) 1904-06-25
US3111922A (en) 1963-11-26 Method of making sheet metal elbows
SE13987C1 (de) 1902-04-05
US244720A (en) 1881-07-19 Fredrick hildebrandt
SE26059C1 (de) 1908-12-12
SE25473C1 (de) 1908-09-26
US409631A (en) 1889-08-20 Charles b
US193847A (en) 1877-08-07 Improvement in stove-pipe elbows
SE25610C1 (de) 1908-10-03
US735644A (en) 1902-10-27 1903-08-04 Eduard Wirtz Sheet-metal clamping-band with inclined loose displaceable joint for pipe-unions.
US910119A (en) 1908-02-24 1909-01-19 Freeman A Dunn Pipe.
US904199A (en) 1908-08-03 1908-11-17 Bernhard W Harris Metal culvert.
US997072A (en) 1910-02-28 1911-07-04 Charles Mares Pipe-elbow.
US1083002A (en) 1913-08-14 1913-12-30 American Rolling Mill Co Sheet-metal culvert.
GB317678A (en) 1928-11-03 1929-08-22 Schmidt Ernst Improvements in and relating to thermal insulation
GB442751A (en) 1934-09-11 1936-02-14 Electric Supplies Bloxwich Ltd Improvements in or relating to junction fittings for use in connection with electrical wiring conduits
US2392220A (en) 1943-06-26 1946-01-01 William J Bruhn Stovepipe elbow
US2482558A (en) 1946-10-26 1949-09-20 Vito V Scaringella Pipe joint
US2535186A (en) 1946-12-11 1950-12-26 Joel F Anderson Stovepipe connector for chimneys and the like
US2823703A (en) 1955-07-26 1958-02-18 Jr Otto Nusser Flexible pipe
US3290066A (en) 1963-09-12 1966-12-06 Gary Steel Products Corp Sheet metal pipe fitting
US3327945A (en) 1965-04-29 1967-06-27 Conco Engineering Works Inc Keying means for draft controls
US3368830A (en) 1967-05-10 1968-02-13 Johns Manville Pipe joint
GB1403744A (en) 1972-07-20 1975-08-28 Piccoli D Conduits joints comprising tubular elements of sheet metal
GB1429220A (en) 1973-04-04 1976-03-24 Kitsons Insulation Prod Pipe cladding
SE382675B (sv) 1974-12-12 1976-02-09 Lindab Lindhs Industri Ab Rorformigt skarvstycke.
US4007941A (en) 1975-07-24 1977-02-15 Acta Limited Seal for duct terminator
AT363743B (de) 1979-02-22 1981-08-25 Durapipe Ltd Mechanische verbindung zwischen zwei rohren
US4288111A (en) 1980-01-21 1981-09-08 Enterprise Construction Services, Inc. Joint construction for sheet metal ducts
ES8604432A1 (es) 1983-10-31 1986-02-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp Un metodo de fabricacion de un codo de tuberia
US5306411A (en) * 1989-05-25 1994-04-26 The Standard Oil Company Solid multi-component membranes, electrochemical reactor components, electrochemical reactors and use of membranes, reactor components, and reactor for oxidation reactions
US5057362A (en) * 1988-02-01 1991-10-15 California Institute Of Technology Multilayer ceramic oxide solid electrolyte for fuel cells and electrolysis cells
DE3935310A1 (de) * 1989-10-24 1991-04-25 Asea Brown Boveri Brennstoffzellenanordnung und verfahren zu deren herstellung
JPH04149064A (ja) * 1990-10-08 1992-05-22 Nissan Chem Ind Ltd 固体電解質磁器
US5143801A (en) * 1990-10-22 1992-09-01 Battelle Memorial Institute Solid oxide fuel cells, and air electrode and electrical interconnection materials therefor
JPH05190180A (ja) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-30 Ngk Insulators Ltd 固体電解質型燃料電池の空気電極体、その製造方法及び固体電解質型燃料電池の製造方法
JP3317523B2 (ja) * 1992-07-27 2002-08-26 新日本石油株式会社 固体電解質型燃料電池

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK22593D0 (da) 1993-03-01
EP0687387B1 (de) 1997-05-14
USD360020S (en) 1995-07-04
DE69403198D1 (de) 1997-06-19
DE69403198T2 (de) 1997-08-21
EP0687387A1 (de) 1995-12-20
US5591537A (en) 1997-01-07
AU6202194A (en) 1994-09-26
WO1994020998A1 (en) 1994-09-15
DK171621B1 (da) 1997-02-24
NO318176B1 (no) 2005-02-14
NO953416L (no) 1995-10-31
DK22593A (da) 1994-09-02
JP3351791B2 (ja) 2002-12-03
JPH08507639A (ja) 1996-08-13
NO953416D0 (no) 1995-08-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE153181T1 (de) Festoxid-brennstoffzelle
DE69520752D1 (de) Galvanische zellen- und brennstoffzellenanordnungen
DK24991D0 (da) Fastoxid-braendselscelle og fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af samme
ATE423399T1 (de) Brennstoffzellen und brennstoffzellensysteme mit nichtwässrigen elektrolyten
CA2291675A1 (en) Fuel cell system
BR0109656A (pt) Célula de combustìvel de membrana de troca iÈnica
DK0766330T3 (da) Bestanddele til anvendelse i elektroniskemiske celler og deres anvendelse ved oxygenseparation
WO2002084767A3 (en) Fuel cells and other products containing modified carbon products
ATE286995T1 (de) Elektrolysezelle, insbesondere zur elektrochemischen herstellung von chlor
TR200001044T2 (tr) Sülfonatlı esas itibarıyla rasgele interpolimerler, bunlarla hazırlanan harmanlar ve bunlardan üretilen ürünler.
CA2085386A1 (en) Supplement fuel generator for vehicle engines
BR0209078A (pt) Método para produzir uma bateria tendo um catodo, e, catodo para uma bateria de metal-ar
EP0165024A3 (de) Legierungen für kathodische Elektrokatalysatoren
ATE226183T1 (de) Perowskit für eine beschichtung von interkonnektoren
SE9802103D0 (sv) A device for production of electrical energy
ES2095961T3 (es) Electrodo hueco para una pila electroquimica provista de al menos una abertura de entrada y una abertura de salida para gases, asi como pila electroquimica que contiene tal electrodo.
DK1366213T3 (da) Ny elektrokatalytisk sammensætning til iltdepolariseret katode
ATE343223T1 (de) Strom- und gasverteilerstruktur für elektrochemische zelle
DE69311888D1 (de) Elektrochemische zelle und ihre verwendung zur elektrochemischen trennungoder extraktion von sauerstoff.
DE59804328D1 (de) Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzelle mit verbundstoff-kathode
RU93035500A (ru) Катализатор кислородного электрода для топливного элемента со щелочным электролитом
Meiser Fuel Cells: A way to use renewable and widely available fuel sources. A
FR2887689B1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire pour pile a combustible comprenant un canal de liaison
TR199802107A2 (xx) İçten yanmalı motorlarda elektroliz yöntemiyle verimi arttıran tertibatta yenilik.
Ermakov et al. Results of measurements of the concentration of negative ions in the polar stratosphere

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties