WO2025102779A1 - 聚合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
聚合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025102779A1 WO2025102779A1 PCT/CN2024/104416 CN2024104416W WO2025102779A1 WO 2025102779 A1 WO2025102779 A1 WO 2025102779A1 CN 2024104416 W CN2024104416 W CN 2024104416W WO 2025102779 A1 WO2025102779 A1 WO 2025102779A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/588—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of oil field development and recovery, and in particular to a polymer and a preparation method and application thereof.
- the present invention provides a polymer and a preparation method and application thereof.
- the first aspect of the present invention provides a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises a structural unit A represented by formula (I), a structural unit B represented by formula (II) and a structural unit C represented by formula (III);
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C 1 -C 2 alkyl;
- R 9 is selected from C 1 -C 2 alkylene;
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from -H or -CH 3 ;
- R 15 is selected from -H, -CH 3 , -COOM 1 , -SO 3 M 2 or -X;
- Z is selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- n is an integer of 4-18;
- M 1 and M 2 are each independently selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- X is a halogen;
- the molar ratio of the structural unit A: structural unit B: structural unit C is (30-480): (10-85): 1;
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the polymer is 200-1200 g/mol.
- the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymer, comprising: in the presence of an initiator, a cosolvent and a solvent, polymerizing a monomer A', a monomer B' and a monomer C' to obtain a polymer;
- the monomer A' is a monomer having a structure shown in formula (IV)
- the monomer B' is a monomer having a structure shown in formula (V)
- the monomer C' is a monomer having a structure shown in formula (VI)
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C 1 -C 2 alkyl;
- R 9 is selected from C 1 -C 2 alkylene;
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from -H or -CH 3 ;
- R 15 is selected from -H, -CH 3 , -COOM 1 , -SO 3 M 2 or -X;
- Z is selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- n is an integer of 4-18;
- M 1 and M 2 are each independently selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- X is a halogen;
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is (30-480):(10-85):1.
- the third aspect of the present invention provides a polymer obtained by the method described in the second aspect.
- the fourth aspect of the present invention provides use of the polymer described in the first aspect or the third aspect as an oil displacement agent in the exploitation of low permeability oil reservoirs.
- the polymer provided by the present invention contains structural units And structural units provided by large skeleton functional monomers containing long chain side groups
- the polymer has a low molecular weight, good water solubility, can maintain a large hydrodynamic size in a water environment with high salinity, and has excellent salt resistance.
- the polymer is formulated into a polymer brine solution with a polymer concentration of 1000 mg/L and a salinity of 1100-6000 mg/L, and the apparent viscosity of the polymer brine solution at 45°C is 20-80 mPa ⁇ s.
- the use of the polymer aqueous solution to displace low permeability reservoirs can significantly improve the oil displacement effect and increase the recovery rate.
- FIG. 1 is an infrared test spectrum of the polymer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a polymer, the polymer comprising a structural unit A represented by formula (I), a structural unit B represented by formula (II) and a structural unit C represented by formula (III);
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C 1 -C 2 alkyl;
- R 9 is selected from C 1 -C 2 alkylene;
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
- R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from -H or -CH 3 ;
- R 15 is selected from -H, -CH 3 , -COOM 1 , -SO 3 M 2 or -X;
- Z is selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- n is an integer of 4-18;
- M 1 and M 2 are each independently selected from H + , K + , Na + or NH 4 + ;
- X is a halogen;
- the molar ratio of the structural unit A: structural unit B: structural unit C is (30-480): (10-85): 1;
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the polymer is 200-1200 g/mol.
- the structural unit A in the polymer, can play the role of polymer backbone.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 2 alkyl.
- the structural unit B can enhance the water solubility of the polymer and resist the hydrolysis of the amide groups in the polymer by salt ions in the solution.
- R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 2 alkyl; R 7 and R 8 are -CH 3 ; and R 9 is -CH 2 -.
- This preferred structural unit B can make the polymer have better water solubility and hydrolysis resistance.
- the structural unit C contains a long-chain large side group.
- n is an integer of 3-18.
- the long-chain large side group can enhance the rigidity of the polymer molecular chain and increase the mean square rotation radius of the polymer molecular chain.
- the long-chain large side group can stretch and entangle in water, thereby increasing the viscosity of the polymer.
- the rigidity of the polymer molecular chain can be enhanced, the hydration ability of the polymer can be improved, and the polymer molecules can maintain a larger hydrodynamic size in a high-mineralization water environment, which can enhance the salt resistance of the polymer to a certain extent.
- the structural unit C can inhibit the hydrolysis of the polymer under high-mineralization water conditions, thereby further improving the salt resistance of the polymer, and it is not easy to react with calcium ions, magnesium ions, etc. to form precipitation.
- R 10 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 2 alkyl; R 13 and R 14 are -H; and R 15 is selected from -SO 3 M 2 or -X.
- This preferred structural unit C can make the polymer have higher viscosity and better salt resistance.
- the halogen X is preferably F, Cl or Br.
- n is an integer of 8-16, which is beneficial for the polymer to better balance salt resistance and water solubility.
- the molar ratio of the structural unit A: structural unit B: structural unit C is (100-280): (28-70): 1, which can make the polymer have better salt resistance and better water solubility.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the polymer is 300-900 g/mol.
- the polymer satisfies the above structure and composition, and thus has excellent salt resistance, which can be manifested in that the polymer is soluble in a saline solution with a high mineralization degree, and the saline solution can have a higher apparent viscosity.
- the polymer is formulated into a polymer saline solution with a polymer concentration of 1000 mg/L and a mineralization degree of 1100-6000 mg/L, and the apparent viscosity of the polymer saline solution at 45°C is 20-80 mPa ⁇ s.
- a Brookfield DV-II viscometer from the United States is used, with a No. 0 (i.e., 0#) rotor, to measure the apparent viscosity of the polymer saline solution at a rotation speed of 6 rpm and a temperature of 45°C.
- the mineralization degree can be expressed by the amount of NaCl (mg/L) contained in 1L of water.
- the polymer provided by the present invention has a relatively low molecular weight, and at the same time, the molecular chain of the polymer is highly rigid, and the molecular chain rotation radius is large, and the crude oil attached to the pore wall of the formation can be effectively driven during the movement in the oil layer. At the same time, the polymer has excellent salt resistance, and can still maintain the original structure and high viscosity in the high-mineralization formation.
- the molecular chain of the ordinary low-molecular-weight polymer is soft and easily entangled, resulting in a small rotation radius, and it is difficult to drive the crude oil attached to the pore wall in the oil layer, and it is easy to precipitate and fail in the high-mineralization formation. Therefore, the polymer provided by the present invention As an oil displacement agent for reservoir development, it has better oil displacement effect than ordinary low molecular weight polymers used in existing polymer flooding, and can significantly improve the recovery rate of oil reservoirs (especially low permeability reservoirs).
- the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymer, comprising: in the presence of an initiator, a cosolvent and a solvent, polymerizing a monomer A', a monomer B' and a monomer C' to obtain a polymer;
- the monomer A' has excellent polymerizability and can serve as a polymer backbone.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from -H or a C 1 -C 2 alkyl group.
- the monomer B' in the method for preparing the polymer, can make the prepared polymer more soluble in water and can resist the hydrolysis of the amide groups in the prepared polymer by salt ions in the solution.
- R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from -H or C 1 -C 2 alkyl; R 7 and R 8 are -CH 3 ; and R 9 is -CH 2 -.
- the monomer C' in the preparation method of the polymer, has a larger skeleton structure and contains a long chain and large side group, which can make the prepared polymer have stronger molecular chain rigidity, larger mean square rotation radius and higher viscosity.
- the structural unit provided by the monomer C' into the molecular chain of the polymer, the rigidity of the polymer molecular chain can be enhanced, the hydration ability can be improved, so that the polymer molecule can maintain a larger hydrodynamic size in a high-mineralization water environment, thereby enhancing the salt resistance of the polymer.
- n is an integer of 8-16, so that the prepared polymer can better balance salt resistance and water solubility.
- the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 0.1-50wt%, which is beneficial to the control of the polymerization reaction process.
- the weight ratio of the cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:(1-10), which can make the monomer C' better dissolved and participate in polymerization.
- the cosolvent may be selected from at least one of alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl trimethyl ammonium halides, alkyl benzene trimethyl ammonium halides, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers.
- the weight ratio of the initiator:monomer C' is 1:(10-1000).
- the initiator in the method for preparing the polymer, has a relatively wide restriction, and a conventional initiator for free radical polymerization reaction may be used, such as an azo initiator, a peroxide initiator or a redox system initiator.
- the azo initiator can be selected from at least one of azobisisobutyric acid dimethyl ester (AIBME), azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride (AIBA), azodicarbonamide (ADC), azobisisopropylimidazoline hydrochloride (AIB1), azoisobutylcyanoformamide (CABN), azobiscyclohexylcarbonitrile (ACCN), azobiscyanovaleric acid (ACVA), azobisisopropylimidazoline (AIP), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), azobisisovaleronitrile (AMBN) and azobisisoheptanenitrile (ABVN).
- AIBME azobisisobutyric acid dimethyl ester
- AIBA azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride
- ADC azodicarbonamide
- AIB1 azobisisopropylimidazoline hydrochloride
- CABN azo
- the peroxide initiator can be selected from at least one of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide and tert-butyl benzoyl peroxide.
- the redox system initiator can be selected from at least one of sulfate-sulfite, persulfate-thiourea, persulfate-organic salt, ammonium persulfate-fatty amine and persulfate-thiosulfate.
- the polymerization reaction preferably adopts aqueous solution polymerization or emulsion polymerization.
- the solvent is water; when emulsion polymerization is adopted, the solvent is a mixture of water and organic matter.
- the organic matter in the preparation method of the polymer, when the emulsion polymerization method is adopted, can be selected from at least one of hexane, petroleum ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, benzene, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, chloroform and kerosene.
- the weight ratio of water to organic matter is 1: (1-20).
- the conditions of the polymerization reaction include: pH value of 4-11, temperature of 0-90° C., and time of 2-24 h.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out under a protective atmosphere, such as helium, neon, argon or nitrogen.
- the process of preparing the polymer by aqueous solution polymerization comprises:
- the total monomer concentration of the monomer A', the monomer B' and the monomer C' is 0.1-50wt%;
- the conditions of the first polymerization reaction include: pH value of 4-11, temperature of 0-30°C, and time of 1-8h;
- the total monomer concentration of the monomer A', the monomer B' and the monomer C' is 1-30wt%;
- the conditions of the second polymerization reaction include: pH value of 4-11, temperature of 40-70° C., and time of 1-8 h.
- the polymer prepared by the method of the present invention has a relatively low molecular weight, a viscosity average molecular weight of 200-1200 g/mol, and excellent salt resistance.
- the polymer is prepared into a polymer salt solution with a polymer concentration of 1000 mg/L and a mineralization of 1100-6000 mg/L.
- the apparent viscosity of the polymer salt solution at 45°C is 20-80 mPa ⁇ s.
- the polymer is used as an oil displacement agent, which can significantly improve the oil displacement effect and increase Recovery rate.
- the third aspect of the present invention provides a polymer obtained by the method described in the second aspect.
- the polymer has a low molecular weight, strong molecular chain rigidity, a large molecular chain rotation radius, and excellent salt resistance. It can still maintain a high viscosity in a high mineralization environment. As an oil displacement agent, it can significantly improve the recovery rate of oil reservoirs (especially low permeability oil reservoirs).
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 138.6:46.2:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:10; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 25wt%;
- structural unit A Structural unit B Structural unit C The molar ratio of is 138.6:46.2:1.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of P1 is 652 g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 135:45:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:3; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 25wt%;
- the structural unit A Structural unit B Structural unit C The molar ratio of P2 is 135:45:1.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of P2 is 721 g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 60:20:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:7; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- structural unit A Structural unit B Structural unit C The molar ratio of P3 is 60:20:1.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of P3 is 227 g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 60:20:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:2; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 60:20:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:5; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 60:20:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:1; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- structural unit A Structural unit B Structural unit C The molar ratio of is 60:20:1.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of P8 is 452g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B' is 60:20; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A' and monomer B' is 28wt%;
- D1 structural unit A Structural unit B
- the molar ratio of D1 is 60:20.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of D1 is 1015 g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer B': monomer C' is 20:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent: monomer C' is 1:2; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- structural unit B Structural unit C
- the molar ratio of D2 is 20: 1.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of D2 is 34 g/mol.
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer C' is 60:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:2; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- the molar ratio of monomer A':monomer B':monomer C' is 600:200:1; the weight ratio of cosolvent:monomer C' is 1:2; in the reaction system, the total monomer concentration of monomer A', monomer B' and monomer C' is 28wt%;
- the polymers P1-P8 and D1-D4 prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were respectively subjected to salt resistance test and oil displacement performance test.
- Polymers P1-P8, D1, D2, D4 and the commercially available oil displacement agent A were respectively prepared with water to prepare polymer aqueous solutions with an apparent viscosity of 18 mPa ⁇ s (respectively denoted as Q1-Q8, DQ1-DQ4), and the above polymer aqueous solutions Q1-Q8 and DQ1-DQ4 were used to conduct oil displacement experiments on artificial rectangular cores (core permeability of 100 mD), the injection rate of the polymer aqueous solution was 0.3 mL/min, and the volume of the injected polymer aqueous solution was 0.9 PV, and the polymer recovery capacity was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the polymers P1-P8 provided by the present invention showed excellent oil displacement effect, and the recovery rates were all higher than 9.5% under the experimental conditions.
- the low molecular weight salt-resistant polymer provided by the present invention has a higher viscosity of aqueous solution at the same concentration, and the molecular chain is more rigid and elastic, and it is easier to bring out the remaining oil from the reservoir pores.
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Abstract
本发明涉及油田开发采收领域,公开了一种聚合物及其制备方法和应用。所述聚合物含有式(I)所示的结构单元A、式(II)所示的结构单元B和式(III)所示的结构单元C;所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1;所述聚合物的粘均分子量为200-1200g/mol。该聚合物具有较低的分子量,水溶性好,并具有优异的抗盐性能,采用该聚合物的水溶液对低渗透油藏进行驱替,能够显著改善驱油效果,提高采收率。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2023年11月13日提交的发明名称为“聚合物及其制备方法和应用”的中国专利申请202311506132.7的权益,该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
本发明涉及油田开发采收领域,具体涉及一种聚合物及其制备方法和应用。
国内油田大多属于陆相沉积,具有非均质性严重、油稠等特点,水驱平均采收率约32%,并已进入注水后期。目前三次采油以聚丙烯酰胺驱为主要手段,技术人员围绕聚丙烯酰胺驱做了大量的工作,聚丙烯酰胺驱配套技术日趋完善,自1995年大庆油田开始工业化推广聚丙烯酰胺驱油以来,聚丙烯酰胺驱油技术已经成为大庆油田稳产的重要技术支柱,同时胜利油田、吉林油田、新疆油田等其他国内油田也陆续开展了聚合物驱油技术的研究。
为满足油田高效开发要求,需要进一步研究提高采收率的方法和技术,以及与之相匹配的新型驱油剂产品。化学驱特别是聚合物驱应用技术成熟,是可行的开发措施。对于二类、三类油藏,其地层渗透率低,孔隙小,进行聚合物驱需要使用较低分子量的聚合物,但普通的中低分子量聚合物在高矿化度水中粘度低,容易出现“指进”、“突进”等问题,造成驱替效率低。
因此,亟需开发分子量低且在盐水中具有较高粘度的聚合物,以提高二、三类油藏的驱油效率。
发明内容
本发明针对现有聚合物驱所采用的驱油剂难以兼顾低分子量和良好的抗盐性能,进而导致低渗透油藏驱油效率较低的问题,提供一种聚合物及其制备方法和应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明第一方面提供一种聚合物,所述聚合物含有式(I)所示的结构单元A、式(II)所示的结构单元B和式(III)所示的结构单元C;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;X为卤素;
所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1;
所述聚合物的粘均分子量为200-1200g/mol。
本发明第二方面提供一种聚合物的制备方法,包括:在引发剂、助溶剂和溶剂存在下,将单体A’、单体B’和单体C’进行聚合反应,得到聚合物;
其中,所述单体A’为具有式(IV)所示结构的单体,所述单体B’为具有式(V)所示结构的单体,所
述单体C’为具有式(VI)所示结构的单体,
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;X为卤素;
所述单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1。
本发明第三方面提供前述第二方面所述方法制得的聚合物。
本发明第四方面提供前述第一方面或第三方面所述的聚合物在低渗透油藏开采中作为驱油剂的应用。
本发明提供的聚合物含有结构单元以及由含长链侧基的大骨架功能性单体提供的结构单元该聚合物具有较低的分子量,水溶性好,在高矿化度的水环境中可以保持较大的水动力学尺寸,具有优异的抗盐性能,将该聚合物配制成聚合物浓度为1000mg/L且矿化度为1100-6000mg/L的聚合物盐水溶液,所述聚合物盐水溶液在45℃条件下的表观粘度为20-80mPa·s。采用该聚合物的水溶液对低渗透油藏进行驱替,能够显著改善驱油效果,提高采收率。
图1为本发明实施例1制备的聚合物的红外测试图谱。
在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值,这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围或值的值。对于数值范围来说,各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间,以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围,这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
本发明在第一方面提供一种聚合物,所述聚合物含有式(I)所示的结构单元A、式(II)所示的结构单元B和式(III)所示的结构单元C;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;X为卤素;
所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1;
所述聚合物的粘均分子量为200-1200g/mol。
根据本发明,所述聚合物中,所述结构单元A能够起到聚合物骨架作用。优选地,在式(I)所示的结构单元A中,R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基。
根据本发明,所述聚合物中,所述结构单元B能够增强所述聚合物的水溶性,并能够抵抗溶液中盐离子对所述聚合物中酰胺基的水解作用。优选地,在式(II)所示的结构单元B中,R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R7、R8为-CH3;R9为-CH2-。该优选的结构单元B可使得所述聚合物具有更好的水溶性和抗水解性。
根据本发明,所述聚合物中,所述结构单元C含有长链大侧基,具体地,在式(III)中,n为3-18的整数,所述长链大侧基能够带来聚合物分子链刚性的增强,并提高聚合物分子链的均方旋转半径,所述长链大侧基能够在水中伸展缠结,进而能够提高聚合物的粘度。通过在所述聚合物的分子链上引入具有较大骨架的所述结构单元C,能够增强聚合物分子链的刚性,提高聚合物的水化能力,使得聚合物分子在高矿化度水环境中可以保持较大的水动力学尺寸,这在一定程度上能够增强聚合物的抗盐性能,进一步地,所述结构单元C能够抑制所述聚合物在高矿化度水质条件下水解,从而进一步提升所述聚合物的抗盐性能,不易与钙离子、镁离子等发生反应生成沉淀。优选地,在式(III)所示的结构单元C中,R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R13、R14为-H;R15选自-SO3M2或-X。该优选的结构单元C可使得所述聚合物具有更高的粘度和更好的抗盐性能。
根据本发明,在式(III)所示的结构单元C中,卤素X优选为F、Cl或Br。
根据本发明,在式(III)所示的结构单元C中,优选地,n为8-16的整数,利于所述聚合物能更好地兼顾抗盐性能和水溶性。
根据本发明,在满足上述结构和组成的基础上,优选地,在所述聚合物中,所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(100-280):(28-70):1,能够使得所述聚合物具有更好的抗盐性能和更好的水溶性。
根据本发明,优选地,所述聚合物的粘均分子量为300-900g/mol。
根据本发明,所述聚合物满足上述结构和组成,由此具有优异的抗盐性能,可表现为所述聚合物溶于高矿化度的盐水溶液中,能够使得所述盐水溶液具有较高的表观粘度。优选地,将所述聚合物配制成聚合物浓度为1000mg/L且矿化度为1100-6000mg/L的聚合物盐水溶液,所述聚合物盐水溶液在45℃条件下的表观粘度为20-80mPa·s。
在本发明中,使用美国Brookfield DV-II粘度计,采用0号(即0#)转子,在转速为6rpm、温度为45℃的条件下测定所述聚合物盐水溶液的表观粘度。
在本发明中,矿化度可用1L水中含有的NaCl量(mg/L)来表示。
本发明提供的所述聚合物具有较低的分子量,同时聚合物的分子链刚性强,分子链旋转半径大,在油层中运动的过程中能够有效带动地层孔壁附着的原油,同时所述聚合物具有优异的抗盐性能,在高矿化度地层中依然能够保持原有结构和较高的粘度,而普通低分子量聚合物的分子链柔软,极易缠结,导致旋转半径小,在油层中很难带动孔壁附着的原油,且在高矿化度地层中易沉淀失效,因此,本发明提供的所述聚合物
作为油藏开发用驱油剂,相较于现有聚合物驱所采用的普通低分子量聚合物,具有更好的驱油效果,能够显著提升油藏(特别是低渗透油藏)的采收率。
根据本发明的一种最优选实施方式,所述聚合物含有结构单元A(结构单元B和结构单元C(和/或),结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的重量比(130-140):(45-48):1,所述聚合物的数均分子量为600-750g/mol,具有更优异的抗盐性能和驱油性能。
本发明第二方面提供一种聚合物的制备方法,包括:在引发剂、助溶剂和溶剂存在下,将单体A’、单体B’和单体C’进行聚合反应,得到聚合物;
其中,所述单体A’为具有式(IV)所示结构的单体,所述单体B’为具有式(V)所示结构的单体,所述单体C’为具有式(VI)所示结构的单体,
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4
+;X为卤素;
所述单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述单体A’具有优异的聚合性,能够起到聚合物骨架作用。优选地,在式(IV)所示的单体A’中,R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述单体B’能够使所制得的聚合物更易溶于水,并能够抵抗溶液中盐离子对所制得的聚合物中酰胺基的水解作用。优选地,在式(V)所示的单体B’中,R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R7、R8为-CH3;R9为-CH2-。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述单体C’具有较大的骨架结构,并且含有长链大侧基,能够使所制得的聚合物具有较强的分子链刚性、较大的均方旋转半径和较高的粘度。通过在聚合物的分子链上引入所述单体C’提供的结构单元,能够增强聚合物分子链的刚性,提高水化能力,使得聚合物分子在高矿化度水环境中可以保持较大的水动力学尺寸,进而增强聚合物的抗盐性能,进一步地,所述单体C’提供的结构单元能够抑制所述聚合物在高矿化度水质条件下水解,从而进一步提升所述聚合物的抗盐性能。优选地,在式(VI)所示的单体C’中,R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R13、R14为-H;R15选自-SO3M2或-X。该优选的单体C’可使所制得的聚合物具有更高的粘度和更好的抗盐性能。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,在式(VI)所示的单体C’中,卤素X优选为F、Cl或Br。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,在式(VI)所示的单体C’中,优选地,n为8-16的整数,可使所制得的聚合物能更好地兼顾抗盐性能和水溶性。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述单体A’、单体B’和单体C’在满足上述比例关系的基础上,优选地,所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(100-280):(28-70):1,能够使得制得的聚合物具有更好的抗盐性能和更好的水溶性。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,优选地,在含所述引发剂、助溶剂、溶剂、单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的反应体系中,所述单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为0.1-50wt%,利于聚合反应进程的控制。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,优选地,所述助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:(1-10),可使得所述单体C’更好的溶解并参与聚合。
根据本发明,所述助溶剂可以选自烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基三甲基卤化铵、烷基苯三甲基卤化铵、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,优选地,所述引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:(10-1000)。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,对所述引发剂的限定较宽,可以采用常规的自由基聚合反应用引发剂,例如偶氮类引发剂、过氧化物类引发剂或氧化还原体系引发剂。
根据本发明,优选地,所述偶氮类引发剂可以选自偶氮二异丁酸二甲酯(AIBME)、偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐(AIBA)、偶氮二甲酰胺(ADC)、偶氮二异丙基咪唑啉盐酸盐(AIB1)、偶氮异丁氰基甲酰胺(CABN)、偶氮二环己基甲腈(ACCN)、偶氮二氰基戊酸(ACVA)、偶氮二异丙基咪唑啉(AIP)、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)、偶氮二异戊腈(AMBN)和偶氮二异庚腈(ABVN)中的至少一种。
根据本发明,优选地,所述过氧化物类引发剂可以选自过氧化氢、过硫酸铵、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾,过氧化苯甲酰和过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯中的至少一种。
根据本发明,优选地,所述氧化还原体系引发剂可以选自硫酸盐-亚硫酸盐、过硫酸盐-硫脲、过硫酸盐-有机盐、过硫酸铵-脂肪胺和过硫酸盐-硫代硫酸盐中的至少一种。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述聚合反应优选采用水溶液聚合法或乳液聚合法。当采用水溶液聚合法时,所述溶剂为水;当采用乳液聚合法时,所述溶剂为水与有机物的混合物。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,当采用乳液聚合法时,所述有机物可以选自己烷、石油醚、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和煤油中的至少一种。优选地,水:有机物的重量比为1:(1-20)。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为0-90℃,时间为2-24h。
根据本发明,所述聚合物的制备方法中,所述聚合反应在保护气氛下进行,例如氦气、氖气、氩气或氮气。
根据本发明的一些优选实施方式,对于采用水溶液聚合法,制备所述聚合物的过程包括:
(1)按照上述物种及比例,将所述单体A’、单体B’、单体C’、助溶剂和水进行混合,得到反应体系;
所述反应体系中,所述单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为0.1-50wt%;
(2-1)在所述反应体系中加入引发剂,在保护气氛下,进行第一聚合反应,得到第一产物体系;
其中,所述第一聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为0-30℃,时间为1-8h;
(2-2)将所述第一产物体系进行第二聚合反应,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到所述聚合物;
其中,所述第二聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为50-90℃,时间为1-6h。
根据本发明的一些优选实施方式,对于采用乳液聚合法,制备所述聚合物的过程包括:
(1)按照上述物种及比例,将所述单体A’、单体B’、单体C’、助溶剂、有机溶剂和水进行混合,得到乳液体系;
所述乳液体系中,所述单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为1-30wt%;
(2-1)在所述乳液体系中加入引发剂,在保护气氛下,进行第一聚合反应,得到第一产物体系;
其中,所述第一聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为0-30℃,时间为1-16h;
(2-2)将所述第一产物体系进行第二聚合反应,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到所述聚合物;
其中,所述第二聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为40-70℃,时间为1-8h。
采用本发明所述方法制得的聚合物具有较低的分子量,粘均分子量为200-1200g/mol,并具有优异的抗盐性能,将该聚合物配制成聚合物浓度为1000mg/L且矿化度为1100-6000mg/L的聚合物盐水溶液,所述聚合物盐水溶液在45℃条件下的表观粘度为20-80mPa·s,该聚合物作为驱油剂,能够显著改善驱油效果,提高
采收率。
本发明第三方面提供前述第二方面所述方法制得的聚合物。
根据本发明,由前述第二方面所述方法制得的聚合物,其结构、组成及性能均同本发明前述第一方面所述的聚合物,此处不再赘述。
本发明第四方面提供前述第一方面或第三方面所述的聚合物在低渗透油藏开采中作为驱油剂的应用。
根据本发明,所述聚合物具有较低的分子量,分子链刚性强,分子链旋转半径大,同时具有优异的抗盐性能,在高矿化度环境下依然能够保持较高的粘度,作为驱油剂可显著提升油藏(特别是低渗透油藏)的采收率。
以下将通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述。下述制备例、实施例和对比例中,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
以下实施例和对比例中,所制得的聚合物中含有的结构单元的重量比通过原料的投料量计算得到。
实施例1
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为138.6:46.2:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:10;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为25wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:125),在氮气气氛下,在20℃下进行第一聚合反应2h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P1);
对P1进行红外光谱测试,结果如图1所示,在图1中,3420cm-1和3209cm-1为-NH2的特征峰,2935m-1为-CH3特征峰,2860m-1为-CH2-特征峰,1668m-1为C=O特征峰,1453m-1为C-N特征峰,1265m-1、1038m-1和605m-1为-SO3H特征峰,1570m-1为-NH-特征峰,表明单体A’、单体B’、单体C’成功聚合得到聚合物。
P1中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为138.6:46.2:1。P1的粘均分子量为652g/mol。
实施例2
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为135:45:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:3;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为25wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:125),在氮气气氛下,在20℃下进行第一聚合反应2h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P2);
P2中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为135:45:1。P2的粘均分子量为721g/mol。
实施例3
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,
调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:7;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P3);
P3中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P3的粘均分子量为227g/mol。
实施例4
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶
液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P4);
P4中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P4的粘均分子量为325g/mol。
实施例5
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造
粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P5);
P5中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P5的粘均分子量为247g/mol。
实施例6
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水(水:石油醚的重量比为1:3)配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,再与石油醚进行混合,加入Span-20和Span-60(Span-20:Span-60的重量比为4:1,占反应体系总重量的1%),之后进行充分搅拌,得到乳液体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该乳液体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为25wt%;
(2)在上述乳液体系中加入引发剂(偶氮二异戊腈,即AMBN)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:30),在氮气气氛下,在30℃下进行第一聚合反应12h,之后升温至70℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经过滤、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P6);
P6中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P6的粘均分子量为215g/mol。
实施例7
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:5;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P7);
P7中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P7的粘均分子量为327g/mol。
实施例8
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十六烷基苯磺酸钠),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:1;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为P8);
P8中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为60:20:1。P8的粘均分子量为452g/mol。
对比例1
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’摩尔比为60:20;该反应体系中,单体A’和单体B’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体A’的重量比为1:6000),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为D1);
D1中,结构单元A结构单元B的摩尔比为60:20。D1的粘均分子量为1015g/mol。
对比例2
(1)将单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为20:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该反应体系中,单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为D2);
D2中,结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为20:1。D2的粘均分子量为34g/mol。
对比例3
(1)将单体A’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体C’的摩尔比为60:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该反应体系中,单体A’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:100),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为D3);
D3中,结构单元A结构单元C的摩尔比为60:1。D3的粘均分子量为1137g/mol。
对比例4
(1)将单体A’单体B’和水配制成溶液,调节溶液的pH值为7.0,之后加入单体C’和助溶剂(十二烷基苯磺酸),充分溶解后,得到反应体系;
其中,单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为600:200:1;助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:2;该反应体系中,单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为28wt%;
(2)在上述反应体系中加入引发剂(过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠)(引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:50),在氮气气氛下,在25℃下进行第一聚合反应2.5h,之后升温至80℃进行第二聚合反应4h,所得产物胶体经造粒、干燥和粉碎,得到白色的聚合物粉末(记为D4);
D4中,结构单元A结构单元B结构单元C的摩尔比为600:200:1。D4的粘均分子量为959g/mol。
测试例
对实施例1-8、对比例1-4制得的聚合物P1-P8、D1-D4分别进行抗盐性能测试、驱油性能测试。
1、抗盐性能测试
将聚合物P1-P8、D1-D4和市售驱油剂A(低分子量聚丙烯酰胺,厂商:大庆炼化公司,分子量为709g/mol)分别与矿化度为2410mg/L的盐水(1L水中溶解2410mg的NaCl)配制成聚合物浓度为1000mg/L的聚合物盐水溶液(分别记为L1-L8、DL1-DL5)。使用美国Brookfield DV-II粘度计,采用0#转子,在转速为6rpm、温度为45℃的条件下测定上述聚合物盐水溶液的表观粘度。结果见表1。
表1
注:D3不溶于该浓度的盐水,无法测试D3盐水溶液的表观粘度
注:D3不溶于该浓度的盐水,无法测试D3盐水溶液的表观粘度
由表1可见,本发明提供的聚合物P1-P8具有较低的分子量,并表现出优异的抗盐性能。而在同样条件下,对比例1-4制备的聚合物D1-D4和市售驱油剂A的聚合物盐水溶液的表观粘度低,抗盐性能显著差P1-P8。
2、驱油性能测试
将聚合物P1-P8、D1、D2、D4及上述市售驱油剂A分别与水配制成表观粘度为18mPa·s的聚合物水溶液(分别记为Q1-Q8、DQ1-DQ4),分别利用上述聚合物水溶液Q1-Q8、DQ1-DQ4对人造长方岩芯(岩芯渗透率为100mD)进行驱油实验,聚合物水溶液的注入速度为0.3mL/min,注入聚合物水溶液体积为0.9PV,评价聚合物采收率能力。结果见表2。
表2
由表2可见,在上述驱油实验中,本发明提供的聚合物P1-P8表现出优异的驱油效果,在该实验条件下采收率均高于9.5%,与普通的低分子量聚合物相比,本发明提供的低分子量抗盐聚合物在相同浓度下的水溶液粘度更高,同时分子链刚性和弹性更强,更容易从油藏孔道中带出剩余油。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以
对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,包括各个技术特征以任何其它的合适方式进行组合,这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容,均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种聚合物,其特征在于,所述聚合物含有式(I)所示的结构单元A、式(II)所示的结构单元B和式(III)所示的结构单元C;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4 +;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4 +;X为卤素;所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1;所述聚合物的粘均分子量为200-1200g/mol。 - 根据权利要求1所述的聚合物,其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R7、R8为-CH3;R9为-CH2-;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C2的烷基;R13、R14为-H;R15选自-SO3M2或-X;和/或,n为8-16的整数。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的聚合物,其中,所述结构单元A:结构单元B:结构单元C的摩尔比为(100-280):(28-70):1。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的聚合物,其中,所述聚合物的粘均分子量为300-900g/mol。
- 根据权利要1或2所述的聚合物,其中,将所述聚合物配制成聚合物浓度为1000mg/L且矿化度为1100-6000mg/L的聚合物盐水溶液,所述聚合物盐水溶液在45℃条件下的表观粘度为20-80mPa·s。
- 一种聚合物的制备方法,包括:在引发剂、助溶剂和溶剂存在下,将单体A’、单体B’和单体C’进行聚合反应,得到聚合物;其中,所述单体A’为具有式(IV)所示结构的单体,所述单体B’为具有式(V)所示结构的单体,所述单体C’为具有式(VI)所示结构的单体,
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R7、R8各自独立地选自C1-C2的烷基;R9选自C1-C2的亚烷基;R10、R11和R12各自独立地选自-H或C1-C4的烷基;R13、R14各自独立地选自-H或-CH3;R15选自-H、-CH3、-COOM1、-SO3M2或-X;Z选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4 +;n为4-18的整数;其中,M1、M2各自独立地选自H+、K+、Na+或NH4 +;X为卤素;所述单体A’:单体B’:单体C’的摩尔比为(30-480):(10-85):1。 - 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,在含所述引发剂、助溶剂、溶剂、单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的反应体系中,所述单体A’、单体B’和单体C’的总单体浓度为0.1-50wt%;和/或,所述助溶剂:单体C’的重量比为1:(1-10);和/或,所述引发剂:单体C’的重量比为1:(10-1000)。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法,其中,所述溶剂为水或水与有机物的混合物;和/或,所述助溶剂选自烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基三甲基卤化铵、烷基苯三甲基卤化铵、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种;和/或,所述聚合反应的条件包括:pH值为4-11,温度为0-90℃,时间为2-24h。
- 权利要求6-8中任意一项所述的方法制得的聚合物。
- 权利要求1-5和9中任意一项所述的聚合物在低渗透油藏开采中作为驱油剂的应用。
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| CN109666096A (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 互穿网络缔合型聚合物微球调驱剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109666097A (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 疏水缔合聚合物凝胶微球调剖剂及其制备方法 |
| CN115260387A (zh) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-01 | 北京恒聚化工集团有限责任公司 | 一种抗温耐盐耐水解型五元共聚物及其制备方法 |
| CN115197365A (zh) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏恒峰精细化学股份有限公司 | 一种聚丙烯酰胺乳液的制备方法 |
| CN118063688A (zh) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-05-24 | 山东诺尔生物科技有限公司 | 一种制备驱油剂的组合物、驱油剂及其制备方法 |
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