WO2024200315A1 - Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements - Google Patents
Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024200315A1 WO2024200315A1 PCT/EP2024/057874 EP2024057874W WO2024200315A1 WO 2024200315 A1 WO2024200315 A1 WO 2024200315A1 EP 2024057874 W EP2024057874 W EP 2024057874W WO 2024200315 A1 WO2024200315 A1 WO 2024200315A1
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- current
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- diode driver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0428—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying pulses to the laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/06808—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the electrical laser parameters, e.g. voltage or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
- H01S5/06209—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in single-section lasers
- H01S5/06216—Pulse modulation or generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
- H01S5/06226—Modulation at ultra-high frequencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser diode driver and a method for operating an optoelectronic component and in particular a high-current laser diode.
- Laser diodes are often used in what is known as PWM operation.
- the laser diode or semiconductor laser is arranged in a current path that is switched on and off in a pulsed manner.
- An important criterion in the high current range for pulsed operation is the edge steepness of the laser diode current. Since high-power laser diodes and high-power semiconductor lasers are particularly sensitive to overcurrents or current peaks (risk of destruction), a correspondingly deficient control is necessary. In order to prevent overshoots or a current peak during switch-on, i.e. in the switching edge of a supply current for the laser diode, the controller must have a correspondingly high (slow) control time constant. However, this limits the maximum achievable edge steepness and thus also the switching frequency. In particular for high currents when supplying high-power laser diodes, the implementation also creates an increased line inductance between the output of the current driver and the input of the high-power laser diode, which further reduces the edge steepness.
- a so-called parallel FET dimming is used to increase the edge steepness.
- a parallel arrangement is created that supplies the required current through the Laser diode is bridged or released.
- the resulting switching edges for the current pulses are significantly steeper, but there are also overshoots and current peaks that are difficult to control. These overshoots or current peaks can cause damage to laser diodes and should therefore be avoided.
- the control time constant can be slowed down, which in turn reduces the edge steepness.
- circuits for fast, essentially overshoot-free switching of laser diodes in the MHz range are commercially available, such arrangements are only suitable for low supply currents, i.e. for currents below 1 ampere. They cannot be used for applications with higher supply currents, or the existing solutions only show a low edge steepness during switching processes.
- the problem arises that if the time constant of the analog current regulator is reduced (i.e. faster settling), current peaks occur in the pulse edge, which can damage the high-power laser diode.
- the inventor has discovered that with an analog approach, i.e. with an analog current source, the desired results can be achieved by using a switchable network with an additional current-independent element in parallel to the laser in the regulated current path for supplying a high-power laser.
- This achieves a significant increase in the switching edge.
- the improvement in the steepness of the switching edge is up to a factor of 100 higher without any major overshoots or current peaks occurring.
- the proposed principle can be used to generate a bias voltage for the analog current regulator (bias current) so that the semiconductor laser to be supplied with current is operated below its laser threshold, thus additionally improving the switching speed.
- the proposed principle thus allows a high edge steepness even in analog laser diode drivers for high-power laser applications.
- the control time constant of the analog current controller is decoupled from the edge steepness of the generated pulse, so that both can be optimized independently of each other.
- a peak current limitation at the switch-on moment can be generated by the proposed arrangement, which also protects the component, i.e. the high-power laser diode.
- a laser diode driver comprises a controllable current path that is connected between a supply potential connection and a reference potential connection.
- the controllable current path comprises a controllable analog current source and a terminal pair connected in series therewith for an optoelectronic component.
- optoelectronic component refers in particular to a semiconductor laser, a laser diode or a VCSEL. In particular, this should include the respective high-performance forms that are suitable for operation with a supply current greater than 1 A.
- semiconductor laser or laser diode are therefore used synonymously for the different possible designs.
- the laser diode driver comprises an analog current regulator with a control input for detecting a signal derived from a current along the controllable current path. This can be, for example, a voltage signal which is tapped via a current-voltage converter.
- the analog current regulator also has a control output which is connected to the controllable current source for setting the current through the current path and thus through the optoelectronic component.
- a control input is provided for setting a target value of the current through the current path.
- the analog current controller is thus designed to control a current through the controllable current path and thus the optoelectronic component based on the setpoint value applied to the control input.
- the control time constant of the analog current controller depends on a charge storage device coupled to the control output.
- the laser diode driver also comprises a switching input for supplying a switching signal to a bridging circuit arranged parallel to the terminal pair.
- the bridging circuit serves to decouple (bridge) the optoelectronic component from the current path or to switch (release) it into it, depending on the switching signal, without causing a current interruption in the current path.
- the optoelectronic component or the semiconductor laser can be switched into or separated from the current path at high speed, i.e. significantly faster than the control time constant of the analog current controller.
- a non-linear component is connected in the bridging circuit to avoid possible overshoots and current peaks during the switching process.
- the non-linear component is designed so that the voltage drop across the bridging circuit and the component is essentially independent or only slightly depends on the current flowing through the bypass circuit. In contrast to conventional approaches, which use a resistor, for example, this allows the behavior of the laser diode to be simulated.
- the bypass circuit therefore requires fast switching, as the analog current regulator no longer has to completely settle down, as in conventional implementations. In this respect, a current pulse is no longer dependent on the control time constant, but primarily on the behavior of the bypass circuit. Since this can be switched on or off more quickly, significantly steeper edges are generated for a corresponding current pulse by adding or disconnecting the bypass circuit.
- the approach used here thus provides a regulated analog current source for high-power laser diodes that offers a high switching edge steepness and is simultaneously decoupled from the control time constant.
- the bypass circuit achieves a better transient response at the release moment and, despite the high edge steepness, there is no current peak of the inrush current that could damage the laser diode.
- a further advantage is the provision of a bias current in a simple manner.
- the non-linear component comprises at least one forward-biased diode.
- the threshold voltage of this forward-biased diode essentially determines the voltage drop, provided that there are no further resistance-generating elements in the bypass circuit.
- several diodes can thus be forward-biased in a simple manner in order to generate a suitable (higher) bias voltage for the component connected between the connection terminals.
- Zener diodes connected in reverse direction can be used.
- these Zener diodes must absorb the current flowing through the bypass circuit, so their current-carrying capacity must be significantly greater than that of low-power Zener diodes.
- transistors for example in the form of bipolar or field-effect transistors, can be used to generate a voltage drop that is essentially independent of the current flow.
- a base terminal of a bipolar transistor can be coupled to its collector or emitter terminal.
- its gate is coupled to one of the two other channel terminals so that the voltage across the channel is kept constant. The same can be done for bipolar transistors.
- the coupling can be direct or via other elements such as voltage dividers, resistors, etc.
- the non-linear component is implemented in some aspects in such a way that the voltage drop generated across the parallel bridging circuit, and thus in particular the voltage drop across the component, is lower than a threshold voltage of the optoelectronic component connected to the pair of terminals.
- the optoelectronic component is thus operated below its threshold voltage or its threshold current even when it is switched off, i.e. when the bridging circuit is activated and connected in parallel.
- the optoelectronic component for example in the form of a semiconductor laser diode, can thus be kept in a state below its threshold voltage or laser threshold current, so that when it is switched on later, it takes place more quickly and with a greater edge steepness. Overall, this also improves the edge steepness of the optical pulse.
- Some aspects deal with activating or deactivating the analog current regulator in order to ensure a reduction in the overall energy consumption. In some aspects, this can be done, for example, by a corresponding circuit that switches a series control transistor in the current path, i.e. the controllable current source, on or off.
- the setpoint value at the control input can be set to zero so that the current controller regulates down.
- the analogue current regulator can be operated continuously and the component connected to the terminal pair is switched on or off only at the switching input, i.e. with the aid of the bridging circuit.
- Some other aspects concern the design of the laser diode driver. This is designed in such a way that the switching signal is only provided after a setpoint has been applied and the analog current controller has been regulated. This ensures that the switching signal is only provided after the analog current controller has settled in, when its regulation is active. Oscillations during the settle-in period are thus avoided.
- the analog controllable current source is designed to provide a current signal in the range of greater than 1 ampere, for example for pulsed operation, in which a current through the optoelectronic component is in the range of 1 ampere to 10 amperes.
- the proposed principle is not limited to this, but the improved edge steepness can be available both for high-power laser diodes with supply currents of more than 1 ampere, but also for laser diodes with lower supply currents and significantly longer switching times.
- the edge steepness of a current along the controllable current path through the optoelectronic component is essentially determined by a voltage drop of the bridging circuit arranged parallel to the terminal pair.
- Another aspect relates to a method for operating an optoelectronic component and in particular a semiconductor laser or a high-power laser diode.
- the optoelectronic component is arranged in a controllable current path.
- the method comprises the steps of providing a current setpoint and the subsequent regulation of a current through the current path to the current setpoint.
- the optoelectronic component is bridged by a parallel bridging circuit and the current is essentially conducted through this bridging circuit.
- the voltage drop across the bypass circuit is essentially independent of, or only slightly dependent on, the current flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the parallel bypass circuit is separated so that the current now flows through the optoelectronic component or the semiconductor laser. In general, this switching process changes the load conditions in the regulated current path and the controller must readjust. In this case, however, the controller now starts from a pre-regulated level that is as close to the setpoint as possible.
- the voltage drop across the bypass circuit is smaller than a threshold voltage of the optoelectronic component.
- the voltage drop is generated, among other things, by a non-linear component.
- the voltage drop is essentially caused by this component, although other elements of the bypass circuit can make a further contribution to this.
- the non-linear component comprises at least one or more diodes connected in the forward direction.
- one or more Zener diodes connected in the reverse direction can also be used.
- transistors for example in the form of bipolar or field-effect transistors, whose respective base or gate connection is coupled to one of the other connections.
- the proposed principle decouples the control time constant of the analog control from the transient response when a pulse is applied, i.e. the edge steepness.
- control time constant can be set independently of the edge steepness.
- control time constant is determined by a capacitance of a charge storage device.
- the edge steepness during a switching process is in turn essentially determined by a voltage drop across the bypass circuit.
- Figures 1A and 1B show a time course of the laser diode current for a turn-on process in conventional analog current drivers
- Figure 2 shows a time course of the laser diode current for a pulse, as can be generated with conventional analog driver circuits
- Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of a laser diode driver according to the proposed principle
- Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of a laser diode driver according to the proposed principle
- Figure 5 is a third embodiment of a laser diode driver according to the proposed principle
- Figure 6 shows a time course of the laser diode current, in particular the rise time with a driver according to the proposed principle
- Figure 7 shows a time course of the laser diode current for a fast pulse generated by a driver according to the proposed principle
- Figure 8 shows examples of the signal curves for the switching signal, the control signal and the current through the laser diode according to an embodiment with some aspects of the proposed principle
- Figure 9 is a pulse sequence with a set bias current
- Figure 10 shows an embodiment of the proposed method
- Figure 11 shows an embodiment of another non-linear component.
- Clocked current converter circuits are often used to operate light-emitting diodes (not necessarily for the laser diodes provided for in the present application). If these LEDs are operated in a pulsed manner, this is achieved by switching the converter on and off. However, the pulse frequencies are limited by the switching edges and the control time of the converter. In order to increase the edge steepness in clocked current converters, various measures can be specified, which, however, often lead to a corresponding overshoot in the pulse sequence, i.e. current peaks in the supply current of the LED due to the settling time and the control of the converter.
- analog constant current regulators are preferably used.
- One component of the regulator plays an important role here, namely the integration capacitor, which largely determines the settling time.
- Figures 1A and B as well as Figure 2 show recordings from an oscilloscope which show the increase in such a pulsed laser diode current as a function of this capacitor.
- the so-called integration capacitor of the current regulator is chosen to be relatively small. This results in a steeper rising edge, which, however, leads to a slight overshoot in the upper area, i.e. a current peak.
- overshoot refers to an excessive current and/or voltage component that results from the control and the associated control time constants.
- the peak follows from the behavior of the regulator and is dependent, among other things, on parasitic effects such as stray capacitances and stray inductances. Although these can be reduced by good board layout, the components that result from the design of the circuit and in particular the laser diode leads remain.
- the current peak in Figure 1A is relatively small and only amounts to a few percent of the total value, but this can lead to damage to the laser diode during the switching process. While LEDs are more robust here, high-current laser diodes in particular are very sensitive to these current peaks. The reason for this is the direct dependence of the laser output power on the supply current. A current peak leads directly to a strong increase in the laser power, which can quickly lead to damage to the resonator. The problem is particularly aggravated when the laser diode is already operating in the upper range of its power.
- Figure 2 shows an actual pulse recorded in an oscilloscope, the time axis of which has a time setting of 400 ps per division. This results in a rise time in the range of approximately 70 ps, which essentially corresponds to the curve shown in part of Figure 1B.
- the rise time may be sufficient for normal lighting applications, but the edge steepness 2 is too great for higher switching frequencies.
- a bridging circuit forming the network, which is connected in parallel to the laser diode used (or generally an optoelectronic component).
- the bridging circuit also has a non-linear component which generates a voltage drop that is essentially independent of the current.
- the non-linear component is, for example, a diode whose threshold voltage and also whose voltage drop are essentially independent of the current, or only show a slight current dependence in the forward direction.
- Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a laser diode driver according to the proposed principle.
- the laser diode driver which is designed as an analog current source, comprises a controllable current path 10, which is connected between a supply potential connection 11 and a reference potential connection 12.
- a controllable analog current source 13 is provided, which is connected on the input side to the supply potential connection 11 and provides a current dependent on a control signal 132 at its output 131.
- the output 131 of the current source is connected to the tap 102 and the terminal pair 14.
- the tap 102 or 103 is also connected to the bridging circuit 30, which thus bridges the terminal pair 14 and the laser diode 14a.
- the bridging circuit comprises a switching input 31 and a non-linear element 32, so that this can be switched separably between the two taps 102 and 103 by means of a switching signal PWM fast at the switching input 31.
- the non-linear element 32 can be connected in parallel to the terminal pair 14 using the switching signal PWM fast.
- the second tap 103 leads on the one hand to a resistor (not shown) (which can also be omitted), which is connected to a reference potential connection 12, and to the other to the feedback input 21 of an analog ( P ) I ( D ) controller 20 .
- the analog controller 20 also has a setpoint input 23 for setting a current through the adjustable current source 13 by means of a setpoint signal MOD LD1.
- the analog controller is also equipped with a charge storage device in the form of a capacitor 24, with this charge storage device being connected between the controller output 22 and a feedback input.
- the capacitor 24 thus corresponds to the integration capacitor in the previous sub-figures 1A and 1B.
- control time constant for such a control is essentially dependent on the size of the capacitor 24.
- the control signal is generated at the output 22, whereby the terminal pair 14 with a high-power laser diode connected between them is simultaneously bridged by the parallel-connected bridging circuit 30.
- the current emitted by the current source 13 initially flows through the non-linear element 32 and thereby generates a voltage drop that is essentially independent of the current.
- the controller 20 Only after the settling time of the controller 20, i.e. when it delivers a stable and continuous control to the setpoint (defined at the setpoint input 23), is a switching signal applied to the input 31, thus separating the bypass circuit 30 from the terminal pair 14. As a result, the current now flows through the laser diode and along the terminal pair 14. The current controller now adjusts to the new load conditions. However, the current controller is biased by the existing previous bypass circuit 30, i.e. it is closer to its operating point than when switched on without the previous load through the bypass circuit. At the same time, the switching process in the bypass circuit 30 can be optimized and the rise time can be adapted to the desired parameters.
- FIG 4 shows a further embodiment of a laser diode driver with discrete components.
- the current path 10 is connected between the supply potential connection 11 and the reference potential connection 12 and comprises a resistor RI, the tap 102, a laser diode 14a connected to the terminal pair 14, a longitudinal control transistor which forms the controllable current source 13, and the reference potential connection 12.
- a diode 32 as a non-linear element and a control transistor 33 as a MOSFET are connected between the taps 102 and 103.
- the two elements 32 and 33 form the bypass circuit, with the control connection of the transistor 33 being connected to the switching input 31 via a resistor R4.
- the analog current regulator 20 comprises two operational amplifiers Ul and U2 which are connected to one another.
- a current setpoint signal from the control input 23 is fed to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U2 via a resistor R3.
- the inverting input of the operational amplifier U2 is coupled to its output via an integrating charge storage 24, which simultaneously also forms the control output 22 and is connected to the control connection of the controllable current source 13.
- the control output 22 is connected to an optional control limiter 25, which consists of a resistor connected between the reference potential connection 12 and a diode connected in the blocking direction.
- the control limiter 25 limits the current downwards during control.
- the analog current regulator further comprises a first operational amplifier U1, the output of which is connected to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2 via a resistor R4. At the same time, this resistor R4 is also connected to the integrating charge storage 24.
- the operational amplifier Ul On the input side, the operational amplifier Ul is connected to the supply potential connection 11 via a voltage divider made up of resistors R5 and R6, the non-inverting input of Ul leads via a voltage divider R7 and R8 on the one hand to the output of the operational amplifier Ul and on the other hand to the tap 102.
- the operational amplifiers Ul and U2 thus form a control for the setting of the longitudinal control transistor 13.
- a voltage signal which essentially corresponds to the current flowing through the resistor RI is fed to the input of the first operational amplifier Ul via the resistor RI.
- the output signal is fed to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2, to which the setpoint is fed via the setpoint input 23.
- the output 22 of the operational amplifier U2 leads to the control transistor 13, which now regulates the current through the resistor RI and thus also through the laser diode 14a based on the control signal at the output 22.
- This operating method essentially corresponds to the steady state in which the current through the current path 10 is set by the analog controller 20 depending on the setpoint signal at the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U2.
- the rise time and fall time are essentially dependent on the integrating capacitor 24 between the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2 and the output 22.
- a smaller capacitor value leads to higher overshoots - both during the rise and during the fall.
- larger capacitors 24 can be used, but these in turn increase the rise time.
- the bridging circuit 30 is therefore provided, which is connected between the taps 102 and 103.
- a setpoint control is carried out in a first step according to the proposed principle by applying the current setpoint signal to the control input 23.
- a switching signal is also fed to the bridging circuit 30 at the switching input 31, which activates the switching transistor 33 of the bridging circuit 30 and thus switches the non-linear element in the form of the diode 32 between the taps 102 and 103, whereby it is aligned parallel to the laser diode 14a.
- the signal logic can also be reversed by selecting an appropriate n- or p-MOSFET, so that the current flows regularly through the diode and the bridging circuit is only deactivated when the MOSFET is activated.
- the laser diode 14a is thereby bypassed, with a voltage drop across the bypass circuit being mainly dependent on the forward voltage through the diode 32.
- the analog current controller now regulates the current signal flowing through the current path 10 and the diode 32 to the setpoint.
- the setpoint signal MOD LD1 is activated first at time TI, with the switching signal and the bypass circuit being designed in such a way that the laser diode is bypassed so that the current through the laser diode is essentially zero or corresponds to a bias current.
- the bypass circuit is separated (PWM fast goes from “low” to "high") so that the current I LD1 through the laser diode increases with a very short rise time.
- both the setpoint signal MOD LD1 and The PWM switching signal is also switched off almost simultaneously, thus switching off the current through the laser diode.
- the setpoint signal MOD LD1 is activated again, but this time with a lower value, so that the current I LD1 is set to a lower level overall.
- the bridging circuit is switched on in such a way that the switching signal at switching input 31 is deactivated again and the laser diode is thus bypassed. Only after the controller has settled in is the bridging circuit switched off and the current I LD1 flows through the laser diode at a lower level. If a slight modulation of the current is necessary, this can be carried out with the controller via the setpoint signal.
- the switching signal PWM fast is first deactivated and only after the time t v has elapsed is the setpoint signal MOD LD1 set to 0.
- control time tv of the analog current controller may be longer than the actual pulse duration of the laser diode.
- the rise times shown in Figure 2 prohibit switching speeds with pulses of more than 100kHz.
- Figure 5 shows a further embodiment in which the analog current control driver is provided as an integrated component.
- the analog current control driver is provided as an integrated component.
- this component only the longitudinal control transistor for the current source 13, the integral capacitor 24 for setting the control time constant and the bridging circuit 30 are provided.
- a bipolar transistor 34 is also specified, the base connection of which is connected via a resistor to the switching input 31 for the fast switching signal PWM j as t.
- the bipolar transistor 34 is switched through, so that the control connection of the switching transistor 33 is pulled to the reference potential 12 via a further resistor. This activates or deactivates the bridging circuit accordingly (negative logic compared to the switching signal PWM j as t in Fig. 8).
- the actual current regulation to the setpoint takes place via the connection 23, as in the previous exemplary embodiment, which is made available to the integrated circuit 20 as a setpoint input.
- Figure 6 now shows a current curve over time and in particular the rise time with a driver according to the proposed principle.
- Curve Kl corresponds to a rising pulse edge with an integration capacitor of approximately 2 nF
- curve K2 shows the rise time with an integral capacitor of 390 pF, i.e. approximately 1 / 5 times.
- the y-axis scales with 0.5 A per division, the x-axis with 1 ps per division.
- the figure clearly shows that with a smaller integral capacitor, represented by curve K2, there is a slight overshoot, which no longer occurs with the larger integral capacitor of curve Kl.
- this integral capacitor has no major influence on the rise time, which essentially remains at around 1 ps between 10 % and 80 %. This means that the additional measure of a bypass circuit makes the rise time essentially independent of the integration capacitor used to set the control time.
- Figure 7 shows a complete pulse with a length of about 10 ps, with the rise time being within about 1 ps.
- the fall time of this pulse is also about 1 to 1.5 ps, so that overall very steep pulse edges result with a pulse duration of only 10 ps.
- Figure 9 also shows that these measures not only produce very steep pulse edges, but that they can also be produced without overshoots at very high currents.
- Figure 9 shows three consecutive pulses with a pulse length of essentially 1 ps. The rise time is significantly less than one ps.
- bias current here which corresponds to approximately 0.4 A and is caused by the diodes used in the forward direction in the bypass circuit.
- the bias current can be adjusted using the non-linear elements used, such as a diode or a transistor.
- the voltage drop of the non-linear element should also be below the threshold voltage of the high-power laser diode to ensure that the diode is switched off safely.
- Figure 10 shows an embodiment of a method for operating an optoelectronic component and in particular a high-power semiconductor laser which is arranged in a controllable current path.
- step S1 a current setpoint is provided for this purpose, which is used to regulate a current through the current path to the setpoint in step S2.
- this regulation is carried out in such a way that the optoelectronic component to be operated in pulse form or the high-power semiconductor laser is bridged during this first transient phase, namely by a bridging circuit arranged and switched on for this purpose.
- the first inrush current flows essentially through the bypass circuit, whereby the voltage drop across this bypass circuit is essentially independent of or only slightly dependent on the flowing current.
- a non-linear element for example a diode in the forward direction or one or more Zener diodes or transistors.
- the control connection is connected in such a way that a current-independent resistance is produced.
- the bridging by means of the bridging circuit continues until the current regulation has settled. Only then is the parallel bridging circuit separated, so that the current now flows through the optoelectronic component and thus the laser diode. This separation can be brought about by a switching signal, which can be used to quickly switch the laser diode on and off without further overshoots being generated by the current regulation.
- the proposed principle therefore achieves a high edge steepness, particularly for high-power laser diodes, which also enables high switching speeds in the range of a few microseconds.
- the transient response is decoupled from the control time constant with regard to the rise time, so that both can be optimized independently of one another.
- there are no current peaks so that the high-power laser diodes can be protected accordingly.
- a suitable non-linear component is used, a simple bias current can be achieved through the laser diode, so that here too the actual times for the laser diode to switch on are reduced.
- peak current is limited when the device is switched on.
- the laser diode driver used here and the proposed method can be used primarily for high-power laser diodes, for example in graphic head-up displays, in holographic displays or in projectors.
- the arrangement also allows CW drivers to be modified for pulse operation, which achieves greater flexibility in the selection of existing drivers.
- Figure 11 shows an embodiment of a non-linear component 32, which can be used, for example, instead of the diode 32 in the previously shown embodiments.
- the design shown is an npn bipolar transistor in which the base is connected to the collector connection via a Z-diode as shown.
- a resistor is connected between the base and emitter.
- the Z-diode produces a constant voltage drop across the collector-emitter path, which is given by the Z-diode voltage. If you leave out the diode and the resistor and just connect the base directly to the collector, you get a voltage drop which corresponds to the collector-emitter voltage when the transistor is fully turned on, i.e. approx. 0.7V.
- the base and collector can be swapped accordingly.
- the design shown in Figure 11 basically also works with a field effect transistor, since the voltage drop is given by the properties of the diode.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112024001482.8T DE112024001482A5 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-03-22 | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023108243.4A DE102023108243A1 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2023-03-30 | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
| DE102023108243.4 | 2023-03-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024200315A1 true WO2024200315A1 (de) | 2024-10-03 |
Family
ID=90545206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/057874 Ceased WO2024200315A1 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-03-22 | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE102023108243A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024200315A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023108243A1 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Osram Gmbh | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5444728A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-08-22 | Polaroid Corporation | Laser driver circuit |
| US20120189028A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2012-07-26 | David Hoffman | Apparatus and Method for Driving Multiple Lasers |
| US20160149376A1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-05-26 | Coherent, Inc. | Current driver for diode laser system |
| US20180278017A1 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-27 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Circuit and method for driving a laser diode |
| DE102020212326A1 (de) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-03-31 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Treiberschaltung mit Strom-Bypass für ein Lidarsystem |
| DE102023108243A1 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Osram Gmbh | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19522491C2 (de) * | 1995-06-25 | 2000-03-16 | Burkhard Hemm | Regelvorrichtung |
| JP3959920B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-22 | 2007-08-15 | ヤマハ株式会社 | レーザダイオード駆動回路 |
| JP5803174B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-09 | 2015-11-04 | 富士通株式会社 | 駆動回路 |
| EP2568547B1 (de) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-04-16 | Leica Geosystems AG | Monitordiodenloser Lasertreiber |
-
2023
- 2023-03-30 DE DE102023108243.4A patent/DE102023108243A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-03-22 WO PCT/EP2024/057874 patent/WO2024200315A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-03-22 DE DE112024001482.8T patent/DE112024001482A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5444728A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-08-22 | Polaroid Corporation | Laser driver circuit |
| US20120189028A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2012-07-26 | David Hoffman | Apparatus and Method for Driving Multiple Lasers |
| US20160149376A1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-05-26 | Coherent, Inc. | Current driver for diode laser system |
| US20180278017A1 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-27 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Circuit and method for driving a laser diode |
| DE102020212326A1 (de) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-03-31 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Treiberschaltung mit Strom-Bypass für ein Lidarsystem |
| DE102023108243A1 (de) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Osram Gmbh | Laserdiodentreiber und verfahren zum betreiben eines optoelektronischen baueelements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112024001482A5 (de) | 2026-01-15 |
| DE102023108243A1 (de) | 2024-10-02 |
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