Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
  • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P3/00—Fungicides

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a preservative composition and a composition containing the preservative composition.
• Preservatives are added to cosmetics, medicines, and other external preparations, as well as food, to prevent spoilage by microorganisms.
• Fungi such as mold and yeast have a more complex structure than bacteria, which are prokaryotic organisms, and tend to be more resistant to preservatives and preservative ingredients.
• a known ingredient that exhibits preservative properties against fungi is a composition that combines parahydroxybenzoic acid esters (parabens) and phenoxyethanol, but such compositions are highly irritating to the skin and pose safety issues.
• Patent Document 1 shows that the amount of preservatives used can be reduced by using 1,2-alkanediols with 4 to 10 carbon atoms as solubilizing agents.
• the present invention aims to provide a composition that is highly antiseptic and safe.
• the present invention relates to [1] a preservative composition
• a preservative composition comprising the following component A and component B: Component A: 1,2-decanediol; Component B: at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin; [2] The preservative composition according to the above [1], wherein component B is 1,2-heptanediol.
• composition of the present invention has excellent preservative properties and safety.
• the preservative composition according to this embodiment and the composition containing the preservative composition contain at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,2-decanediol, 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin.
• a nonionic surfactant, etc. may be contained.
• the preservative composition and composition according to this embodiment use 1,2-decanediol in combination with at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin, which synergistically improves the preservative effect against bacteria and fungi compared to when 1,2-decanediol is used alone, resulting in a composition with excellent preservative properties and safety.
• bacteria refers to single-celled microorganisms that are larger than viruses.
• bacteria include spore-forming bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium tetanus, and Bacillus anthrax, as well as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Legionella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
• spore-forming bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium tetanus, and Bacillus anthrax, as well as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Legionella, Pseudomon
• fungi is a general term for fungi excluding bacteria and slime molds (slime molds), and includes molds, yeasts, etc.
• the contents of the above-mentioned components contained in the preservative composition and composition according to this embodiment can be appropriately selected from the ranges described so that the total content in the composition is 100% by mass or less.
• ⁇ when a numerical range is indicated using " ⁇ ", it is intended to include both ends of the numerical range.
• Component A 1,2-decanediol
• Component B one or more selected from the group consisting of the above 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin
• Component C the nonionic surfactant
• the preservative composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,2-decanediol, 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin.
• a nonionic surfactant or the like may be contained.
• the preservative composition according to this embodiment is excellent in preservative properties and safety, and can be appropriately added to articles that require preservative properties, such as cosmetics, medicines, quasi-drugs, and foods.
• 1,2-decanediol can be widely blended in cosmetics and the like as a moisturizing agent and a texture adjusting agent, and can also be used as an emulsifying aid or a cosmetic agent, and is extremely safe.
• 1,2-decanediol commercially available products can be used.
• 1,2-decanediol produced by a known production method can also be used.
• ⁇ Component B one or more selected from the group consisting of 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, sodium polyphosphate, and ethylhexylglycerin>
• 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms include 1,2-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol, and 1,2-nonanediol, with 1,2-heptanediol and/or 1,2-octanediol being preferred, and 1,2-heptanediol being more preferred.
• 1,2-alkanediols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms are known as substances having high safety and stable antibacterial properties.
• sodium polyphosphate there are no particular limitations on the sodium polyphosphate, so long as it is a highly safe ingredient that can be incorporated into topical preparations and foods, etc., but examples include sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium pentapolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.
• Ethylhexylglycerin is a compound represented by the following formula: Furthermore, ethylhexylglycerin is a moisturizing ingredient that is widely used and whose safety has been confirmed.
• component B commercially available products can be used. Also, products produced by known production methods can be used.
• the total content of component A and component B in the preservative composition is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass or more, 60% by mass or more, 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass or more, etc.
• the total content of component A and component B in the preservative composition may be 100% by mass, and the preservative composition may consist only of component A and component B.
• the ratio (A/B) of the content of component A to the content of component B in the preservative composition is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more, even more preferably 0.05 or more, and particularly preferably 0.10 or more.
• A/B is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5.0 or less, even more preferably 1.0 or less, particularly preferably 0.90 or less, and most preferably 0.75 or less.
• the preservative composition of the present embodiment may contain a nonionic surfactant from the viewpoint of solubilizing component A.
• the nonionic surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• component C a commercially available one may be used. Also, one produced by a known production method may be used.
• Nonionic surfactants include sorbitan isostearate, polyoxyalkylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyalkylene castor oil, glycerin fatty acid esters, glycol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, silicone surfactants, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene alkylphenols, polyoxyethylene sorbit fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl formaldehyde condensates, polyoxyethylene sterols and derivatives thereof, polyoxyethylene lanolin and derivatives thereof, polyoxyethylene beeswax derivatives, sugar esters, etc., and among these, it is preferable to include one or more selected from the group consisting of polyoxyalkylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene decy
• the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added to the polyoxyalkylene hydrogenated castor oil is preferably 30 to 110, more preferably 40 to 80, and even more preferably 50 to 60.
• Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene decyl tetradecyl ether is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene decyl tetradecyl ether obtained by ether-bonding ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol.
• the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added by ether-bonding is preferably 10 to 30, more preferably 20 to 30.
• the average number of moles of propylene oxide added by ether-bonding is preferably 6 to 20, more preferably 6 to 10, and even more preferably 6 to 8.
• the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added in polyoxyethylene cetyl ether is preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 10 to 25, and even more preferably 15 to 25.
• the content of component C is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.10% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of solubilizing component A. Furthermore, the content of component C in the preservative composition is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, and even more preferably 60% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of safety.
• the content of component C relative to 100 parts by mass of the total content of components A and B is preferably 1,000 parts by mass or less, more preferably 500 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 150 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 120 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 100 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 50 parts by mass or less.
• the preservative composition of this embodiment may contain components other than component A, component B, and component C. Examples of other components include the base and other components described below. In addition, the composition may contain preservative components other than component A and component B.
• preservatives besides component A and component B include parabens, phenoxyethanol, polylysine, wintergreen alder leaf extract, mono-fatty acid esters such as polyglyceryl-3 caprylate, grapefruit leaf extract, benzoates, and 1,2-alkanediols with 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the content of the other preservative components relative to the total content of components A and B of 100 parts by mass is preferably less than 20 parts by mass, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 3 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less. Of these, it is most preferable that the composition does not contain any preservative components other than components A and B.
• compositions containing preservative compositions The composition according to the second embodiment of the present invention contains, as essential components, Component A, Component B, and a base. In addition, as optional components, Component C and the like may be contained.
• the content of component A in the composition is 0.005% by mass or more, preferably 0.010% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.030% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of preservative effect. Also, the content of component A in the composition is 0.50% by mass or less, preferably 0.30% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.20% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of formulation and stability of the composition.
• the content of component B in the composition is 0.025% by mass or more, preferably 0.050% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.10% by mass or more, from the viewpoints of preservative effect and solubilization of component A. Furthermore, the content of component B in the composition is 5.0% by mass or less, preferably 2.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 1.0% by mass or less, from the viewpoints of formulation and stability of the composition.
• the ratio of the content of component A to the content of component B in the composition is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more, even more preferably 0.05 or more, and particularly preferably 0.10 or more.
• A/B is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5.0 or less, even more preferably 1.0 or less, particularly preferably 0.90 or less, and most preferably 0.75 or less.
• the composition of this embodiment preferably contains component C from the viewpoint of solubilizing component A.
• the content of component C in the composition is preferably 0.01 mass% or more, more preferably 0.05 mass% or more, and even more preferably 0.10 mass% or more.
• the content of component C in the composition is preferably 10.0 mass% or less, more preferably 5.0 mass% or less, and even more preferably 2.0 mass% or less.
• the content of component C relative to 100 parts by mass of the total content of components A and B is preferably 1,000 parts by mass or less, more preferably 500 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 150 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 120 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 100 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 50 parts by mass or less.
• composition of this embodiment may contain components other than component A, component B, the base, and component C.
• examples of other components include other components described below and preservative components other than component A and component B.
• the content of the other preservative components relative to the total content of components A and B of 100 parts by mass is preferably 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 3 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less. Of these, it is most preferable that the composition does not contain any preservative components other than components A and B.
• the base examples include water, organic solvents, powders, excipients, etc.
• water purified water is preferably used.
• organic solvent known organic solvents can be used, such as ethanol, polyphenyl ether, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, ester oil, glycol-based synthetic oil, polyolefin-based synthetic oil, mineral oil, and hydrocarbon oil.
• powders include inorganic powders such as silicic acid anhydride, talc, mica, kaolin, sericite, bentonite, mica, titanium mica, alum, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and aluminum oxide, and organic powders such as polymethyl methacrylate, dimethylpolysiloxane polymer, nylon resin, polystyrene resin, and polyethylene resin. These powders may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
• inorganic powders such as silicic acid anhydride, talc, mica, kaolin, sericite, bentonite, mica, titanium mica, alum, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and aluminum oxide
• organic powders such as polymethyl methacrylate, dimethylpolysiloxane polymer, nylon resin, polystyrene resin, and polyethylene resin.
• excipient is added to improve the handling or shaping of a composition or to make it easier to take.
• excipient includes starch or its derivatives such as starch, pregelatinized starch, partially pregelatinized starch, and starch hydrolysates, crystalline cellulose, sugar alcohol, sorbitol, lactose, brewer's yeast, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, refined white sugar, light anhydrous silicic acid, calcium silicate, titanium oxide, precipitated calcium carbonate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the content of the base in the composition can be used as the remainder of the components other than the base in the composition.
• the preservative composition and composition according to the present embodiment may contain components other than Component A, Component B, a base, and Component C.
• the other components are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include surfactants other than Component C, pH adjusters, polyhydric alcohols, cooling agents, thickeners, sequestering agents, fragrances, colorants, antioxidants, vitamins, animal and plant extracts, and the like.
• Surfactants other than component C include cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
• Cationic surfactants include monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salts, trialkyl quaternary ammonium salts, monoalkyl ether quaternary ammonium salts, other quaternary ammonium salts, alkylamines, and fatty acid amidoamines.
• Anionic surfactants include lauric acid acyl methyl taurine salts, polyoxyethylene acetate ether salts, alkyl acyl glutamates, alkyl acyl glycine salts, and alkyl phosphates.
• Amphoteric surfactants include glycine type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl glycine salts, carboxymethyl glycine salts, and N-acylaminoethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl glycine salts, aminopropionic acid type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl aminopropionates and alkyl iminodipropionates, aminoacetic acid betaine type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl dimethyl aminoacetic acid betaines and fatty acid amidopropyl dimethyl aminoacetic acid betaines, and sulfobetaine type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl hydroxysulfobetaines.
• glycine type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl glycine salts, carboxymethyl glycine salts, and N-acylaminoethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl glycine salts
• pH adjusters are not particularly limited, but examples include citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, etc.
• Polyhydric alcohols are not particularly limited, but examples include glycerin, diglycerin, polyethylene glycols such as dipropylene glycol (DPG), etc.
• the cooling agent is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include l-menthol, menthyl glyceryl ether, menthyl lactate, peppermint oil, peppermint oil, camphor, icilin, etc.
• the antioxidant is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include tocopherol and its derivatives, ascorbic acid and its derivatives, etc.
• Thickeners include, but are not limited to, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, xanthan gum, etc.
• Sequestering agents include, but are not limited to, edetic acid (EDTA), potassium edetate, phosphoric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trisodium ethylenediaminehydroxyethyltriacetate, sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-hydroxyethane, 1-diphosphonic acid, and tetrasodium 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
• EDTA edetic acid
• potassium edetate phosphoric acid
• gluconic acid succinic acid
• succinic acid ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
• trisodium ethylenediaminehydroxyethyltriacetate sodium hexametaphosphate
• 1-hydroxyethane 1-diphosphonic acid
• tetrasodium 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid
• the formulation of the composition containing the preservative composition according to this embodiment can be carried out by a commonly known manufacturing method.
• the above-mentioned components can be mixed and stirred using a known stirring device such as a disperser mixer or a paddle mixer.
• the preservative composition according to this embodiment and the composition containing the preservative composition may be, for example, any of cosmetics, quasi-drugs, foods, medicines, and miscellaneous goods.
• cosmetics, quasi-drugs, and medicines include skin cosmetics and sheet cosmetics impregnated with skin cosmetics.
• test bacteria ⁇ Testing the synergistic antiseptic effect of 1,2-decanediol and other ingredients by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)> (Preparation of bacterial solution) Aspergillus brasiliensis NBRC 9455 was used as the test bacteria.
• the test bacteria was cultured on a potato dextrose agar slant medium at 25°C for 7 to 14 days, 2% Tween 80 added saline was dropped onto the surface of the medium slant, and the bacterial spores were scraped off with a platinum loop.
• the liquid containing the bacterial spores was filtered through a sterile gauze folded in four, and diluted with 2% Tween 80 added saline to a concentration of 10 6 CFU/mL to prepare a test bacteria liquid.
• DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
• a dilution series was prepared by diluting the mother liquor filled up in a measuring flask.
• agar medium containing preservatives 9.8 mL of agar medium was dispensed into test tubes and sterilized in an autoclave, then kept warm in a thermostatic water bath at approximately 60°C. 0.1 mL of each diluted solution of 1,2-decanediol and 0.1 mL of each diluted solution of each preservative component were added, mixed well using a vortex, and poured into a 90 mm diameter petri dish and allowed to solidify.
• the bacterial liquid was taken with a disposable loop with a diameter of 1 mm, and streaked to a length of about 1 cm on each agar medium containing preservatives. This was cultured at 25°C, and the presence or absence of bacterial growth was judged after 3 and 5 days. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 5. The presence of bacterial growth was indicated as +, and the absence of growth was indicated as -. The minimum concentration at which bacterial growth was inhibited was taken as the MIC value.
• the MIC value of 1,2-decanediol for the test bacteria was 300 ppm, and that of 1,2-heptanediol for the test bacteria was 3000 ppm.
• the 1,2-decanediol concentration was 150 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when 1,2-heptanediol was further contained at 375 ppm (less than 0.5 times the MIC value), the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited.
• the MIC value of 1,2-octanediol for the test bacteria was 1500 ppm.
• the 1,2-decanediol concentration was 150 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when 1,2-octanediol was further added at 188 ppm (less than 0.5 times the MIC value), the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited.
• the 1,2-octanediol concentration was 750 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when 1,2-decanediol was further added at 75 ppm (less than 0.5 times the MIC value)
• This shows that the combination of 1,2-decanediol and 1,2-octanediol has a synergistic effect on inhibiting the growth of the test bacteria.
• the MIC value of sodium tripolyphosphate for the test bacteria was 5000 ppm.
• the 1,2-decanediol concentration was 150 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when the mixture contained 1250 ppm of sodium tripolyphosphate (less than 0.5 times the MIC value), the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited.
• the sodium polyphosphate concentration was 2500 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when the mixture contained 38 ppm of 1,2-decanediol (less than 0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited. This shows that the combination of 1,2-decanediol and sodium polyphosphate has a synergistic effect on inhibiting the growth of the test bacteria.
• the MIC value of ethylhexylglycerin for the test bacteria was 1500 ppm.
• the 1,2-decanediol concentration was 150 ppm
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when 188 ppm of ethylhexylglycerin was further added, the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited.
• the ethylhexylglycerin concentration was 750 ppm (0.5 times the MIC value)
• the growth of the test bacteria was observed, but when 75 ppm of 1,2-decanediol (less than 0.5 times the MIC value) was further added, the growth of the test bacteria was inhibited.
• Table 5 shows that when combined with 1,2-decanediol, the extract of Acanthus persica leaf does not have a synergistic effect on inhibiting the growth of the test bacteria.
• ⁇ Preservative effectiveness test against bacteria> (Preparation of bacterial solution)
• the test bacteria used were Escherichia coli (NBRC 3972) and Staphylococcus aureus (NBRC 13276). Each test bacteria was pre-cultured in SCDLP medium at 35° C. for 20 hours. Equal amounts of the pre-culture solutions of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were mixed and transferred to a sterilized container to prepare a test bacteria solution.
• ⁇ Preservative effectiveness test 1 against fungi> (Preparation of bacterial solution) Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus brasiliensis NBRC 9455) and yeast (Candida albicans NBRC 1594) were used as test bacteria. Aspergillus niger was pre-cultured on potato dextrose agar medium at 25°C for 10 to 25 days, and spores were collected from the surface of the medium with a sterile cotton swab and suspended in physiological saline containing 2% Tween 80.
• the liquid containing Aspergillus niger spores was filtered through a sterile gauze folded in four, and diluted with physiological saline containing 2% Tween 80 to 10 6 CFU/mL to prepare a test bacteria liquid.
• As yeast was pre-cultured on GPLP medium at 25°C for 20 hours, transferred to a sterilized container, and prepared as a test bacteria liquid.
• Aspergillus niger was pre-cultured on potato dextrose agar medium at 25°C for 10 to 25 days, and spores were collected from the surface of the medium with a sterile cotton swab and suspended in saline containing 2% Tween 80.
• the liquid containing Aspergillus niger spores was filtered through a sterile gauze folded in four, and diluted with saline containing 2% Tween 80 to 10 6 CFU/mL to prepare a test bacteria liquid.
• Yeast was pre-cultured on GPLP agar medium at 25°C for 20 hours, and transferred to a sterilized container to prepare a test bacteria liquid.
• the components shown in Tables 8 to 9 were mixed according to a conventional method to prepare the compositions of the Examples and Comparative Examples.
• As the nonionic surfactant Brownon RCW-60 (polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil) was used.
• the preservative effectiveness test was carried out in accordance with the preservative effectiveness test method of the 18th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
• the preservative composition of the present invention and compositions containing the preservative composition are excellent in preservative properties and safety, and can be added appropriately to products that require preservative properties, such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, and foods.

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