WO2024106323A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024106323A1
WO2024106323A1 PCT/JP2023/040536 JP2023040536W WO2024106323A1 WO 2024106323 A1 WO2024106323 A1 WO 2024106323A1 JP 2023040536 W JP2023040536 W JP 2023040536W WO 2024106323 A1 WO2024106323 A1 WO 2024106323A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching element
leg
side switching
power
shift amount
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PCT/JP2023/040536
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山下貢
▲高▼橋亮平
高橋充
岩田裕貴
野村将彦
萩田和洋
▲高▼山雅貴
大沼喜也
宅間春介
Original Assignee
株式会社アイシン
長岡パワーエレクトロニクス株式会社
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Application filed by 株式会社アイシン, 長岡パワーエレクトロニクス株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社アイシン
Publication of WO2024106323A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024106323A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device that charges and discharges a battery installed in a vehicle.
  • Patent documents 1-3 describe power conversion devices. Furthermore, patent documents 4 and 5 describe switching power supply devices. The power conversion devices of patent documents 1-3 and the switching power supply devices of patent documents 4 and 5 are used, for example, to output a DC voltage of a first voltage value capable of charging a battery, or to output a DC voltage of a second voltage value lower than the first voltage value.
  • Patent Documents 1-3 and the switching power supply devices of Patent Documents 4 and 5 are large in overall device size and cost.
  • the control becomes complicated and output cannot be easily achieved.
  • the power supply device has a first leg in which a high-side switching element and a low-side switching element are connected in series, and a second leg in which a high-side switching element and a low-side switching element are connected in series, which are arranged in parallel with each other, and includes an inverter that converts AC power to DC power, and a converter that is provided with an insulated multi-port transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a tertiary winding and converts the DC power from the inverter into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a first voltage value that charges a battery.
  • the converter has an input unit that oscillates the DC power from the inverter at a predetermined period and inputs it to the primary winding, a first conversion unit that converts the AC power generated in the secondary winding into DC power composed of a DC voltage of the first voltage value, and a second conversion unit that converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a second voltage value lower than the first voltage value, and the second conversion unit converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding into DC power composed of a DC voltage of the second voltage value by synchronous rectification.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power supply device.
  • 4 is a timing chart of the power supply device when charging the battery.
  • 10 is a diagram illustrating a positive current and a negative current flowing in a second conversion unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a timing chart of the power supply device when outputting DC power based on the output from the battery.
  • the power supply device is capable of charging and discharging a battery mounted on a vehicle, and can output DC power consisting of DC voltages with different voltage values from each of a number of terminals.
  • the power supply device 1 of this embodiment will be described below.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply device 1 is configured with an inverter 10, a converter 20, a reactor coil 30, and a control unit 50. Each functional unit is constructed with hardware or software, or both, with a CPU as the core component, in order to perform the processes related to the output of the DC power described above.
  • the inverter 10 converts AC power into DC power and outputs it.
  • AC power refers to power composed of an AC voltage whose voltage value oscillates at a predetermined cycle. Specifically, the AC voltage oscillates at a commercial frequency (e.g., 50 Hz or 60 Hz) and corresponds to an AC voltage of 200 V (effective value) taken from a commercial power source supplied in a single-phase three-wire system.
  • DC power refers to power composed of a DC voltage that has a constant voltage value (excluding ripple voltage) relative to a reference voltage.
  • the inverter 10 is supplied with AC power from a commercial power source.
  • the inverter 10 converts the AC power composed of such AC voltage into DC power including a DC voltage.
  • the inverter 10 is provided with a pair of output units 10A, 10B, and outputs the converted DC power to the converter 20 described later via the pair of output units 10A, 10B.
  • the inverter 10 has a first leg 11 and a second leg 12.
  • the first leg 11 and the second leg 12 are arranged in parallel with each other with respect to the output units 10A and 10B.
  • one end 11A of the first leg 11 and one end 12A of the second leg 12 are connected to the output unit 10A
  • the other end 11B of the first leg 11 and the other end 12B of the second leg 12 are connected to the output unit 10B.
  • the first leg 11 has a high-side switching element 11H and a low-side switching element 11L connected in series.
  • n-type MOS-FETs metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors
  • the drain terminal of the switching element 11H is connected to the end 11A
  • the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element 11L.
  • the source terminal of the switching element 11L is connected to the end 11B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements 11H and 11L are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes 11HD and 11LD are provided between the source terminals and drain terminals of the switching elements 11H and 11L, with the anode terminals connected to the source terminals and the cathode terminals connected to the drain terminals.
  • the second leg 12 also has a high-side switching element 12H and a low-side switching element 12L connected in series.
  • n-type MOS-FETs are used for the switching elements 12H and 12L.
  • the drain terminal of the switching element 12H is connected to the end 12A, and the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element 12L.
  • the source terminal of the switching element 12L is connected to the end 12B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements 12H and 12L are connected to the control unit 50.
  • Diodes 12HD and 12LD are provided between the source terminals and drain terminals of the switching elements 12H and 12L, with the anode terminals connected to the source terminals and the cathode terminals connected to the drain terminals.
  • a capacitor 15 is provided across output section 10A and output section 10B of inverter 10. Capacitor 15 smoothes the DC voltage converted by inverter 10.
  • the reactor coil 30 has one terminal 30B connected to a first node 11N between two switching elements (switching element 11H and switching element 11L) in the first leg 11.
  • the first node 11N between the two switching elements in the first leg 11 is a line (e.g., a wiring pattern on a board or a cable such as a harness) connecting the source terminal of switching element 11H and the drain terminal of switching element 11L.
  • a line e.g., a wiring pattern on a board or a cable such as a harness
  • the reactor coil 30 has two terminals 30A, 30B, and the terminal 30B is connected to the first node 11N.
  • the second node 12N between the two switching elements in the second leg 12 is a line (e.g., a wiring pattern on a board or a cable such as a harness) connecting the source terminal of the switching element 12H and the drain terminal of the switching element 12L. Of course, it may be the source terminal of the switching element 12H or the drain terminal of the switching element 12L.
  • the terminal 30A of the reactor coil 30 is connected to one terminal of the supply unit 2 to which AC power is supplied, and the other terminal of the supply unit 2 is connected to the second node 12N. Therefore, the inverter 10 converts AC power into DC power by the switching element 11H and switching element 11L of the first leg 11 and the switching element 12H and switching element 12L of the second leg 12.
  • the converter 20 converts the DC power from the inverter 10 into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a first voltage value capable of charging the battery 3.
  • the DC power from the inverter 10 is the DC power output from the output parts 10A and 10B of the inverter 10.
  • the battery 3 is a battery mounted on the vehicle that is charged by the power supply device 1, and is charged based on the DC power output from the converter 20.
  • the battery 3 is charged with a DC voltage of a predetermined voltage value, but the voltage value of the DC voltage that constitutes the DC power output from the inverter 10 is about the voltage value (200V) of the AC voltage input to the inverter 10.
  • the converter 20 boosts the voltage value of the DC voltage output from the inverter 10 to a DC voltage of a voltage value (equivalent to the "first voltage value", for example several hundred V) required for charging the battery 3.
  • the converter 20 of this embodiment has an input section 21, a first conversion section 22, a second conversion section 23, and a multi-port transformer (hereinafter referred to as "transformer") 24.
  • the transformer 24 is configured as an insulated type having a primary winding 24A, a secondary winding 24B, and a tertiary winding 24C.
  • the input unit 21 oscillates the DC power from the inverter 10 at a predetermined period and inputs it to the primary winding 24A.
  • the input unit 21 has a third leg 211 and a fourth leg 212, which are provided in parallel with each other with respect to the output units 10A and 10B. Therefore, one end 211A of the third leg 211 and one end 212A of the fourth leg 212 are connected to the output unit 10A, and the other end 211B of the third leg 211 and the other end 212B of the fourth leg 212 are connected to the output unit 10B.
  • the third leg 211 has a high-side switching element S1 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S1”) and a low-side switching element S2 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S2”) connected in series.
  • the switching elements S1 and S2 are n-type MOS-FETs.
  • the drain terminal of the switching element S1 is connected to the end 211A, and the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element S2.
  • the source terminal of the switching element S2 is connected to the end 211B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements S1 and S2 are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes S1D and S2D are provided, with the anode terminal connected to the source terminal and the cathode terminal connected to the drain terminal.
  • the fourth leg 212 has a high-side switching element S3 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S3”) and a low-side switching element S4 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S4") connected in series.
  • the switching elements S3 and S4 are n-type MOS-FETs.
  • the drain terminal of the switching element S3 is connected to the end 212A, and the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element S4.
  • the source terminal of the switching element S4 is connected to the end 212B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements S3 and S4 are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes S3D and S4D are provided, with the anode terminals connected to the source terminals and the cathode terminals connected to the drain terminals.
  • the primary winding 24A is provided across a third node 211N between two switching elements (switching element S1 and switching element S2) in the third leg 211 and a fourth node 212N between two switching elements (switching element S3 and switching element S4) in the fourth leg 212.
  • the winding start end of the primary winding 24A is connected to the third node 211N
  • the winding end end of the primary winding 24A is connected to the fourth node 212N.
  • the first conversion unit 22 converts the AC power generated in the secondary winding 24B into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a first voltage value.
  • the first conversion unit 22 has a fifth leg 221 and a sixth leg 222, and the fifth leg 221 and the sixth leg 222 are provided in parallel with each other with respect to the terminals 20A and 20B of the converter 20.
  • one end 221A of the fifth leg 221 and one end 222A of the sixth leg 222 are connected to the terminal 20A, and the other end 221B of the fifth leg 221 and the other end 222B of the sixth leg 222 are connected to the terminal 20B.
  • the fifth leg 221 has a high-side switching element S5 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S5") and a low-side switching element S6 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S6") connected in series.
  • the switching elements S5 and S6 are n-type MOS-FETs.
  • the drain terminal of the switching element S5 is connected to the end 221A, and the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element S6.
  • the source terminal of the switching element S6 is connected to the end 221B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements S5 and S6 are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes S5D and S6D are provided, with the anode terminals connected to the source terminals and the cathode terminals connected to the drain terminals.
  • the sixth leg 222 has a high-side switching element S7 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S7”) and a low-side switching element S8 (hereinafter referred to as “switching element S8”) connected in series.
  • the switching elements S7 and S8 are n-type MOS-FETs.
  • the drain terminal of the switching element S7 is connected to the end 222A, and the source terminal is connected to the drain terminal of the switching element S8.
  • the source terminal of the switching element S8 is connected to the end 222B.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements S7 and S8 are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes S7D and S8D are provided, with the anode terminal connected to the source terminal and the cathode terminal connected to the drain terminal.
  • the secondary winding 24B described above is provided across a fifth node 221N between two switching elements (switching element S5 and switching element S6) in the fifth leg 221 and a sixth node 222N between two switching elements (switching element S7 and switching element S8) in the sixth leg 222.
  • the winding start end of the secondary winding 24B is connected to the fifth node 221N via the reactor L, and the winding end end of the secondary winding 24B is connected to the sixth node 222N.
  • a first capacitor 25 is provided across terminals 20A and 20B of the converter 20.
  • the first capacitor 25 smoothes the DC voltage that constitutes the AC power converted by the first conversion unit 22.
  • the second conversion unit 23 converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding 24C into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a second voltage value (e.g., 12 V) lower than the first voltage value.
  • the tertiary winding 24C has a first tertiary winding 24CA and a second tertiary winding 24CB.
  • the first tertiary winding 24CA and the second tertiary winding 24CB are provided by connecting the end of the first tertiary winding 24CA to the beginning of the second tertiary winding 24CB.
  • a switching element (corresponding to the "first switching element") S9 with a drain terminal connected is provided at the beginning of the first tertiary winding 24CA, and a switching element (corresponding to the "second switching element") S10 with a drain terminal connected is provided at the end of the second tertiary winding 24CB.
  • the source terminal of the switching element S9 and the source terminal of the switching element S10 are connected to the terminal 20D.
  • the gate terminals of the switching elements S9 and S10 are connected to the control unit 50.
  • diodes S9D and S10D are provided, with the anode terminal connected to the source terminal and the cathode terminal connected to the drain terminal.
  • the winding end of the first tertiary winding 24CA and the winding start of the second tertiary winding 24CB are connected to one terminal of the third reactor coil 23L.
  • the other terminal of the third reactor coil 23L is connected to the terminal 20C.
  • the second conversion unit 23 is also provided with a diode 23D1 and a diode 23D2.
  • the anode terminal of the diode 23D1 is connected to the winding start of the first tertiary winding 24CA, and the anode terminal of the diode 23D2 is connected to the winding end of the second tertiary winding 24CB.
  • the cathode terminal of the diode 23D1 and the cathode terminal of the diode 23D2 are connected to each other and to the terminal 20C via the resistor R. Furthermore, the cathode terminal of the diode 23D1 and the cathode terminal of the diode 23D2 are connected to the terminal 20D via the capacitor 27. Therefore, the resistor R and the capacitor 27 form a snubber circuit. Furthermore, a second capacitor 26 is provided across terminals 20C and 20D.
  • the second conversion unit 23 converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding 24C into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a second voltage value by synchronous rectification using switching elements S9 and S10.
  • the control unit 50 drives each of the multiple switching elements provided in the inverter 10. Specifically, the control unit 50 alternates between the open/closed state of the switching elements 11H and 12L and the open/closed state of the switching elements 11L and 12H. That is, the control unit 50 alternately drives the switching elements 11H and 11L of the first leg 11, and alternately drives the switching elements 12H and 12L at the system frequency of the second leg 12. This allows the inverter 10 to convert the AC power supplied from the supply unit 2 into DC power based on the driving of the switching elements of the first leg 11 and the second leg 12, as described above.
  • the control unit 50 also drives each of the multiple switching elements provided in the converter 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows a timing chart for charging the battery 3.
  • the control unit 50 drives the switching elements S1-S10 in accordance with the timing chart shown in FIG. 2.
  • the control unit 50 drives the switching elements S1-S10 while switching them sequentially between eight states, from state 1 to state 8.
  • the period t1-t9 corresponds to one cycle of control by the control unit 50.
  • the first state is the state between t1 and t2 in FIG. 2, and in this first state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S3, S6, S7, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S4, S5, and S8.
  • the second state is the state between t2 and t3 in FIG. 2, and in this second state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S3, S5, S7, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S4, S6, and S8.
  • the third state is the state between t3 and t4 in FIG. 2, and in this third state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S7, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S8, and S9.
  • the fourth state is the state between t4 and t5 in FIG. 2, and in this fourth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S8, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S7, and S9.
  • the fifth state is the state between t5 and t6 in FIG. 2, and in this fifth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S4, S5, S8, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S1, S3, S6, and S7.
  • the sixth state is the state between t6 and t7 in FIG. 2, and in this sixth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S4, S6, S8, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S1, S3, S5, and S7.
  • the seventh state is the state between t7 and t8 in FIG. 2, and in this seventh state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S8, and S9, and opens the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S7, and S10.
  • the eighth state is the state between t8 and t9 in FIG. 2, and in this eighth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S7, and S9, and opens the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S8, and S10.
  • the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S4 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted to the closed state by a preset first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed at t1, and then the switching element S4 of the fourth leg 212 is closed at t3 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed. Therefore, the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S4 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted to the open state by a shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is opened at t5, and then the switching element S4 of the fourth leg 212 is opened at t7 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed.
  • the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted to the closed state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 is closed at t5, and then the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed at t7 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed. Therefore, the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted to the open state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 is opened at t9, and then the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened at t11 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed.
  • the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted to the closed state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed at t2, and then the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 is closed at t4 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed. Therefore, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted to the open state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is opened at t6, and then the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 is opened at t8 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed.
  • the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted to the closed state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 is closed at t6, and then the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed at t8 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed. Therefore, the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted to the open state by the first shift amount ⁇ 1. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 is opened at t10, and then the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is opened at t12 after the first shift amount ⁇ 1 has elapsed.
  • the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed a second shift amount ⁇ 2 after the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 is smaller than the first shift amount ⁇ 1.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 can be set based on a power command value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 and a power calculation value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22.
  • the power command value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 is a command value requested from a higher-level system to the power supply device 1 (more specifically, the control unit 50) as the DC power to be output from the power supply device 1.
  • the control unit 50 sets a first voltage value of the DC voltage constituting the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 based on the power command value, and sets a current value of the DC current output from the first conversion unit 22.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 is set based on a pre-stored arithmetic expression so as to realize a current of this current value. This arithmetic expression is shown as the following equation (1).
  • V1 is the potential across both ends of the primary winding 24A
  • V2' is the potential across both ends of the secondary winding 24B and the reactor L (i.e., between the fifth node 221N and the sixth node 222N)
  • P is the output power
  • ⁇ 2 is the second shift amount
  • ⁇ is the switching frequency of the switching element
  • L is the inductance value of the reactor L.
  • the power calculation value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 is a calculation value calculated by multiplying the voltage value (preferably the first voltage value) of the DC voltage (output voltage) output from the first conversion unit 22 by the current value of the DC current (consumption current) output from the first conversion unit 22.
  • the voltage value (preferably the first voltage value) of the DC voltage (output voltage) output from the first conversion unit 22 is measured by a voltage sensor (e.g., a voltmeter) not shown, and the current value of the DC current (consumption current) output from the first conversion unit 22 is measured by a current sensor (e.g., an ammeter) not shown.
  • the control unit 50 can calculate the power calculation value based on these two detection results.
  • the control unit 50 controls the converter 20 by feedback control so that the power calculation value is equal to the power command value.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 is set to half the first shift amount ⁇ 1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed at t2, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t1 at which the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed. Also, when the battery 3 is being charged, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is opened at the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t5 at which the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is opened. That is, when the battery 3 is being charged, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is opened at t6, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t5 at which the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is opened.
  • the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 When the battery 3 is being charged, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed at t8, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t7, when the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed.
  • the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is opened the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t3, when the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened. That is, when the battery 3 is being charged, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is opened at t4, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 after t3, when the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened.
  • the second conversion unit 23 is driven by synchronous rectification.
  • the switching element S9 and the switching element S10 are driven by synchronous rectification.
  • the switching element S9 is in an open state from t3 to t5
  • the switching element S10 is in an open state from t7 to t9.
  • a current having a waveform as indicated by I9 flows through the switching element S9
  • a current having a waveform as indicated by I10 flows through the switching element S10.
  • the control unit 50 closes the switching element S9, which is in the open state, when a forward current flows through the diode S9D.
  • the second conversion unit 23 rectifies the electrical energy stored in the second tertiary winding 24CB, a current flows through the third reactor coil 23L, the second capacitor 26, and the diode S10D.
  • the control unit 50 closes the switching element S10, which is in the open state, when a forward current flows through the diode S10D.
  • the power consumption of the diode S9D or the diode S10D is a value obtained by multiplying the current by the forward voltage.
  • the power consumption in switching element S9 or switching element S10 is the product of the square of the drain current and the on-resistance. Since the power consumption in switching element S9 or switching element S10 is sufficiently smaller than the power consumption in diode S9D or diode S10D, the loss is reduced and the decrease in efficiency (conversion efficiency) in second conversion unit 23 can be suppressed. Therefore, by driving second conversion unit 23 as described above, it is possible to output a voltage efficiently.
  • the positive current is the current flowing through the third reactor coil 23L, the second capacitor 26, and the switching element S9, or the current flowing through the third reactor coil 23L, the second capacitor 26, and the switching element S10.
  • FIG. 3A a positive current (I>0) and a negative current (I ⁇ 0) flow through the third reactor coil 23L.
  • the positive current is the current flowing through the third reactor coil 23L, the second capacitor 26, and the switching element S9, or the current flowing through the third reactor coil 23L, the second capacitor 26, and the switching element S10.
  • the negative current is the current flowing through the switching element S9, the second capacitor 26, and the third reactor coil 23L, or the current flowing through the switching element S10, the second capacitor 26, and the third reactor coil 23L.
  • the current in order for such a negative current to flow through the second conversion unit 23, the current must flow through switching element S9 and switching element S10, so in addition to diodes S9D and S10D, switching elements S9 and S10 are provided in the second conversion unit 23.
  • the second conversion unit 23 has a snubber circuit formed by the resistor R and the capacitor 27.
  • switching element S9 is open from t3 to t5, and switching element S10 is open from t7 to t9.
  • the second voltage value of the DC voltage output from the second conversion unit 23 can be changed depending on the period during which switching element S9 is open and the period during which switching element S10 is open.
  • the period during which switching element S9 is open and the period during which switching element S10 is open correspond to (carrier period/2) - first shift amount ⁇ 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the DC voltage of the second voltage value can be controlled based on the first shift amount ⁇ 1.
  • the second conversion unit 23 can also generate DC power consisting of a DC voltage of a second voltage value based on the electrical energy stored in the battery 3.
  • the supply of DC power from the supply unit 2 is stopped, and the DC power of the battery 3 is transmitted from the secondary winding 24B of the transformer 24 to the primary winding 24A, and from the primary winding 24A to the tertiary winding 24C.
  • FIG. 4 shows a timing chart of the control unit 50 driving each of the multiple switching elements provided in the converter 20 when DC power is output from the second conversion unit 23 based on such DC power from the battery 3.
  • the control unit 50 drives the switching elements S1-S10 while switching them sequentially between eight states from the first state to the eighth state.
  • the first state in which DC power is output from the second conversion unit 23 based on DC power from the battery 3 is the state between t1 and t2 in FIG. 4.
  • the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S3, S5, S7, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S4, S6, and S8.
  • the second state is the state between t2 and t3 in FIG. 4, and in this second state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S3, S5, S8, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S4, S6, and S7.
  • the third state is the state between t3 and t4 in FIG. 4, and in this third state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S8, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S7, and S9.
  • the fourth state is the state between t4 and t5 in FIG. 2, and in this fourth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S1, S4, S6, S8, and S10, and opens the switching elements S2, S3, S5, S7, and S9.
  • the fifth state is the state between t5 and t6 in FIG. 2, and in this fifth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S4, S6, S8, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S1, S3, S5, and S7.
  • the sixth state is the state between t6 and t7 in FIG. 2, and in this sixth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S4, S6, S7, S9, and S10, and opens the switching elements S1, S3, S5, and S8.
  • the seventh state is the state between t7 and t8 in FIG. 2, and in this seventh state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S3, S6, S7, and S9, and opens the switching elements S1, S4, S5, S8, and S10.
  • the eighth state is the state between t8 and t9 in FIG. 2, and in this eighth state, the control unit 50 closes the switching elements S2, S3, S5, S7, and S9, and opens the switching elements S1, S4, S6, S8, and S10.
  • Switching elements S1, S2, S3, and S4 are driven in the same manner as when charging battery 3 described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, switching element S1 of third leg 211 and switching element S4 of fourth leg 212 are shifted by a preset first shift amount ⁇ 1 to be in a closed state, and switching element S1 of third leg 211 and switching element S4 of fourth leg 212 are shifted by a first shift amount ⁇ 1 to be in an open state.
  • the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and are put into a closed state, and the switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and are put into an open state.
  • the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and put into a closed state
  • the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and put into an open state.
  • the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and are put into a closed state, and the switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are shifted by the first shift amount ⁇ 1 and are put into an open state.
  • the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 When generating DC power consisting of a DC voltage of the second voltage value based on the electric energy charged in the battery 3, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed at t8, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before t9, when the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed. Also, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is opened the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is opened. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is opened at t4, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before t5, when the switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is opened.
  • the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed at t6, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before t7, when the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed. Also, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is opened the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is opened at t10, which is the second shift amount ⁇ 2 before t9, when the switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened.
  • switching element S9 is open between t3 and t5
  • switching element S10 is open between t7 and t9.
  • the switching elements of the inverter 10 and the converter 20 are described as n-type MOS-FETs.
  • the switching elements may be p-type MOS-FETs or switching elements other than FETs (e.g., IGBTs or bipolar transistors).
  • the inverter 10 and converter 20 are described as converting AC power to DC power using switching elements, but the inverter 10 may also be configured to convert AC power to DC power using diodes.
  • control unit 50 drives the switching element in the first state to the eighth state, and each state is described. However, it is also possible to drive the switching element based on more than eight states from the first state to the eighth state, or based on seven states or less. In addition, the state of the switching element in each state is merely an example, and it is also possible to drive the switching element in a form different from that of the above embodiment.
  • the AC power supplied to the inverter 10 is described as AC power from a commercial power source, but the AC power supplied to the inverter 10 may be AC power different from the AC power of the commercial power source.
  • the tertiary winding 24C of the transformer 24 is described as being composed of a first tertiary winding 24CA and a second tertiary winding 24CB, but the tertiary winding 24C may be a single winding or may be three or more windings.
  • the average value of the composite current of the current flowing through the first tertiary winding 24CA and the current flowing through the second tertiary winding 24CB is zero.
  • the average value of the composite current of the current flowing through the first tertiary winding 24CA and the current flowing through the second tertiary winding 24CB does not have to be zero.
  • the current flowing through the first tertiary winding 24CA and the current flowing through the second tertiary winding 24CB may be a current in which a predetermined DC current is superimposed.
  • the DC voltage of the second voltage value is described as being controlled based on the first shift amount ⁇ 1, but the DC voltage of the second voltage value may also be controlled by, for example, feedback control.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 is described as being set based on the power command value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 and the power calculation value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 may be configured to be set in advance, or may be configured to be changed as appropriate depending on, for example, the type of load on the converter 20.
  • the characteristic configuration of the power supply device 1 is that a first leg 11 in which a high-side switching element 11H and a low-side switching element 11L are connected in series and a second leg 12 in which a high-side switching element 12H and a low-side switching element 12L are connected in series are provided in parallel with each other, an inverter 10 that converts AC power to DC power, and an isolated transformer (multi-port transformer) 24 having a primary winding 24A, a secondary winding 24B, and a tertiary winding 24C are provided, and the DC power from the inverter 10 is configured as a DC voltage of a first voltage value that charges a battery 3.
  • the converter 20 has an input section 21 that oscillates the DC power from the inverter 10 at a predetermined period and inputs it to the primary winding 24A, a first conversion section 22 that converts the AC power generated in the secondary winding 24B into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a first voltage value, and a second conversion section 23 that converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding 24C into DC power composed of a DC voltage of a second voltage value lower than the first voltage value, and the second conversion section 23 converts the AC power generated in the tertiary winding 24C into DC power composed of a DC voltage of the second voltage value by synchronous rectification.
  • This characteristic configuration makes it possible to output DC power consisting of a DC voltage of a first voltage value from the first conversion unit 22 of the converter 20, and at the same time output DC power consisting of a DC voltage of a second voltage value from the second conversion unit 23. Furthermore, the above-mentioned characteristic configuration makes it possible to easily output DC power consisting of a DC voltage of a first voltage value and DC power consisting of a DC voltage of a second voltage value with a simple configuration.
  • the input section 21 includes a third leg 211 in which a high-side switching element S1 and a low-side switching element S2 are connected in series, and a fourth leg 212 in which a high-side switching element S3 and a low-side switching element S4 are connected in series, which are provided in parallel to each other;
  • the first conversion section 22 includes a fifth leg 221 in which a high-side switching element S5 and a low-side switching element S6 are connected in series, and a sixth leg 222 in which a high-side switching element S7 and a low-side switching element S8 are connected in series, which are provided in parallel to each other;
  • the high-side switching element S1 of the third leg 211 and the low-side switching element S4 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted by a preset first shift amount to be in a closed state;
  • the low-side switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the fourth leg 212 are shifted by a preset first shift amount to be in a
  • the high-side switching element S3 of the fifth leg 221 and the low-side switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are closed with a shift of the first shift amount
  • the high-side switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the low-side switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are closed with a shift of the first shift amount
  • the low-side switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the high-side switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are closed with a shift of the first shift amount
  • the high-side switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed a second shift amount smaller than the first shift amount by which the high-side switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed
  • the high-side switching element SS7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed a second shift amount by which the high-side switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is closed.
  • the battery 3 can be charged based on the AC power supplied to the inverter 10, and at the same time, a DC voltage with a voltage value different from the DC voltage that charges the battery 3 can be supplied to a load other than the battery.
  • the input unit 21 includes a third leg 211 in which a high-side switching element S1 and a low-side switching element S2 are connected in series, and a fourth leg 212 in which a high-side switching element S3 and a low-side switching element S4 are connected in series, which are provided in parallel to each other;
  • the first conversion unit 22 includes a fifth leg 221 in which a high-side switching element S5 and a low-side switching element S6 are connected in series, and a sixth leg 222 in which a high-side switching element S7 and a low-side switching element S8 are connected in series, which are provided in parallel to each other;
  • the high-side switching element S1 of the third leg 211 and the low-side switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted by a preset first shift amount to be in a closed state; and the low-side switching element S2 of the third leg 211 and the high-side switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 are shifted by a first
  • the high-side switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 and the low-side switching element S8 of the sixth leg 222 are closed with a shift of a first shift amount
  • the low-side switching element S6 of the fifth leg 221 and the high-side switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 are closed with a shift of a first shift amount
  • the high-side switching element S5 of the fifth leg 221 is closed a second shift amount smaller than the first shift amount after the high-side switching element S1 of the third leg 211 is closed
  • the high-side switching element S7 of the sixth leg 222 is closed a second shift amount before the high-side switching element S3 of the fourth leg 212 is opened.
  • the tertiary winding 24C is composed of a first tertiary winding 24CA and a second tertiary winding 24CB, and the average value of the combined current of the current flowing through the first tertiary winding 24CA and the current flowing through the second tertiary winding 24CB can be set to zero.
  • the DC voltage of the second voltage value is controlled based on the first shift amount.
  • the output of the DC voltage of the second voltage value can also be performed based on the control of the output of the DC voltage of the first voltage value. Therefore, it is possible to output DC voltages of different voltage values with simple control.
  • the second shift amount is set based on the power command value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22 and the power calculation value of the DC power output from the first conversion unit 22.
  • the second shift amount can be easily set. Therefore, it is possible to output DC voltages of different voltage values with simple control.
  • the second shift amount is ⁇ 2
  • the switching frequency of the switching element is ⁇
  • the inductance value of the reactor is L
  • the second shift amount is It is preferable to set the value based on the above.
  • the second shift amount ⁇ 2 can be easily set using the potential V1 across the primary winding 24A, the potential V2' across the secondary winding 24B and the reactor, the output power P, the switching frequency ⁇ of the switching element, and the inductance value L of the reactor.
  • the tertiary winding 24C is composed of a first tertiary winding 24CA and a second tertiary winding 24CB, and the first tertiary winding 24CA and the second tertiary winding 24CB are connected to each other at the end of the first tertiary winding 24CA and the beginning of the winding of the second tertiary winding 24CB, and the second conversion unit 23 is composed of a switching element (first switching element) S9 having a drain terminal connected to the beginning of the winding of the first tertiary winding 24CA, a switching element (second switching element) S10 having a drain terminal connected to the end of the winding of the second tertiary winding 24CB, and an anode terminal connected to the source terminal of the switching element S9, It may include a diode (first diode) S9D having a cathode terminal connected to the drain terminal of the switching
  • the power consumption in switching element S9 and switching element S10 is much smaller than the power consumption in diodes S9D and S10D, so the loss is small and the decrease in efficiency (conversion efficiency) in the second conversion unit 23 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to output the voltage efficiently.
  • the switching element S9 and the switching element S10 are driven by synchronous rectification.
  • This configuration makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the second conversion unit 23 compared to when the second conversion unit 23 is driven by diode rectification. Furthermore, when no load is connected to the second conversion unit 23, it is possible to pass a positive current as shown in FIG. 3(B) or a negative current as shown in FIG. 3(C) through the second conversion unit 23, making it possible to make the average current value zero as shown in FIG. 3(A).
  • the second conversion unit 23 further includes a diode (third diode) 23D1 having an anode terminal connected to the winding start end of the first tertiary winding 24CA, a diode (fourth diode) 23D2 having an anode terminal connected to the winding end end of the second tertiary winding 24CB, a resistor R provided between the cathode terminal of the diode 23D1 and the cathode terminal of the diode 23D2 and the other terminal of the third reactor coil 23L, and a capacitor (second capacitor) 27 provided between the cathode terminal of the diode 23D1 and the source terminal of the switching element S9.
  • a diode (third diode) 23D1 having an anode terminal connected to the winding start end of the first tertiary winding 24CA
  • a diode (fourth diode) 23D2 having an anode terminal connected to the winding end end end of the second tertiary winding
  • the electrical energy stored in the first tertiary winding 24CA can be reduced by passing a current through the diode 23D1, resistor R, and third reactor coil 23L
  • the electrical energy stored in the second tertiary winding 24CB can be reduced by passing a current through the diode 23D2, resistor R, and third reactor coil 23L.
  • the present invention can be used in power supply devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'alimentation électrique selon la présente invention comprend : un onduleur dans lequel une première branche ayant un élément de commutation et un élément de commutation et une seconde branche ayant un élément de commutation et un élément de commutation sont disposés en parallèle l'un avec l'autre ; et un convertisseur pourvu d'un transformateur multiport ayant un enroulement primaire, un enroulement secondaire et un enroulement tertiaire. Le convertisseur comprend une unité d'entrée qui amplifie l'énergie CC provenant de l'onduleur à un cycle prédéterminé et entre l'énergie dans l'enroulement primaire, une première unité de conversion qui convertit l'énergie CA générée dans l'enroulement secondaire en énergie CC, et une seconde unité de conversion qui convertit l'énergie CA générée dans l'enroulement tertiaire en énergie CC. La seconde unité de conversion convertit le courant alternatif (CA) généré dans l'enroulement tertiaire en courant continu (CC) au moyen d'un redressement synchrone.
PCT/JP2023/040536 2022-11-16 2023-11-10 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique WO2024106323A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016158353A (ja) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換装置
JP2020028216A (ja) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-20 シェンヂェン ヴイマックス ニュー エネルギー カンパニー リミテッドＳｈｅｎｚｈｅｎ ＶＭＡＸ Ｎｅｗ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 充電回路の位相シフト制御方法
JP6964825B1 (ja) * 2020-12-08 2021-11-10 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換ユニット及び電力変換装置
JP6996661B1 (ja) * 2020-02-21 2022-01-17 住友電気工業株式会社 電力変換装置、それを含む車両及び制御方法
JP2022011002A (ja) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-17 シャープ株式会社 電力回生スナバ回路および電源装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016158353A (ja) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換装置
JP2020028216A (ja) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-20 シェンヂェン ヴイマックス ニュー エネルギー カンパニー リミテッドＳｈｅｎｚｈｅｎ ＶＭＡＸ Ｎｅｗ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 充電回路の位相シフト制御方法
JP6996661B1 (ja) * 2020-02-21 2022-01-17 住友電気工業株式会社 電力変換装置、それを含む車両及び制御方法
JP2022011002A (ja) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-17 シャープ株式会社 電力回生スナバ回路および電源装置
JP6964825B1 (ja) * 2020-12-08 2021-11-10 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換ユニット及び電力変換装置

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