WO2024087906A1 - 一种电芯及电池 - Google Patents

一种电芯及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087906A1
WO2024087906A1 PCT/CN2023/117771 CN2023117771W WO2024087906A1 WO 2024087906 A1 WO2024087906 A1 WO 2024087906A1 CN 2023117771 W CN2023117771 W CN 2023117771W WO 2024087906 A1 WO2024087906 A1 WO 2024087906A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
negative
negative electrode
length
groove
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PCT/CN2023/117771
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邸会芳
张文轩
姚怡鑫
宋江涛
方双柱
Original Assignee
珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024087906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087906A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and more specifically to a battery cell, and also to a battery having the battery cell.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are favored for their excellent electrochemical properties, environmental protection, fast charging and discharging, and long battery life. They are now widely used in various electronic products. In recent years, news reports of lithium-ion battery fires have repeatedly attracted people's attention, and their safety performance has become a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the new energy industry. When lithium-ion batteries are subjected to some external factors due to improper operation, such as puncture, extrusion, and falling, they may cause thermal runaway inside the battery, leading to combustion or even explosion. In particular, the positive pole ear position of lithium-ion batteries poses a greater safety hazard.
  • the present application provides a battery cell and also provides a battery having the battery cell, which can improve the safety performance of the battery cell and further improve the safety performance of the battery, so as to solve the technical problem of poor safety performance of the battery cell and the battery.
  • a battery cell comprises a positive electrode sheet, a positive electrode ear and a negative electrode sheet; the positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode segment; the negative electrode sheet comprises a first negative electrode segment; the side of the positive electrode segment facing the first negative electrode segment is a first positive electrode side; the side of the first negative electrode segment facing the first positive electrode side is a first negative electrode side; the positive electrode ear is arranged on the positive electrode segment and is located on the first positive electrode side; on the first negative electrode side, a first insulating coating is arranged at a position of the first negative electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode ear.
  • the first negative electrode segment includes a first negative current collector and a first negative active coating coated on the surface of the first negative current collector; on the first negative electrode side, a first groove is provided at a position of the first negative active coating opposite to the positive electrode ear; and the first insulating coating is disposed in the first groove.
  • the opening of the first groove is covered with a first negative electrode insulating glue.
  • the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; extending along the first direction: the positive electrode ear has a first width, and the size of the first width is W1; the first insulating coating has a second width, and the size of the second width is W2; the first groove has a third width, and the size of the third width is W3, and W1, W2, and W3 satisfy: W1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ W3.
  • the positive electrode ear includes an inboard portion; the inboard portion is connected to the positive electrode segment; the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction; extending along the second direction: the inboard portion has a first length, and the dimension of the first length is L1; the first insulating coating has a second length, and the dimension of the second length is L2; the first groove has a third length, and the dimension of the third length is L3, and L1, L2, and L3 satisfy: L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ L3.
  • the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet is a third direction; extending along the third direction: the first groove has a first thickness, and the size of the first thickness is T1; the first insulating coating has a second thickness, and the size of the second thickness is T2; the first negative active coating on the first negative electrode side has a third thickness, and the size of the third thickness is T3,
  • the T1, the T2, and the T3 satisfy: 1um ⁇ T2 ⁇ T1 ⁇ T3; or, the T1, the T2, and the T3 satisfy: T1 ⁇ T2 ⁇ 2T3.
  • the negative electrode sheet also includes a second negative electrode segment; the side of the positive electrode segment facing away from the first negative electrode segment is the second positive electrode side; the side of the second negative electrode segment facing the second positive electrode side is the second negative electrode side; on the second negative electrode side, a second insulating coating is provided at a position of the second negative electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode ear.
  • the second negative electrode segment includes a second negative current collector and a second negative active coating coated on the surface of the second negative current collector; on the second negative electrode side, a second groove is provided at a position of the second negative active coating opposite to the positive electrode ear; and the second insulating coating is arranged in the second groove.
  • the positive electrode sheet extends in a first direction; extending along the first direction, the first insulating coating has a second width, the first groove has a third width, the second width of the first insulating coating is the same as the width of the second insulating coating, and the third width of the first groove is the same as the width of the second groove,
  • the extending direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction; extending along the second direction, the first insulating coating has a second length, the first groove has a third length, the second length of the first insulating coating is the same as the length of the second insulating coating, and the third length of the first groove is the same as the length of the second groove;
  • the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet is the third direction; extending along the third direction, the first groove has a first thickness, the first insulating coating has a second thickness, and the second thickness of the first insulating coating is the same as the thickness of the second insulating coating; the first thickness of the first groove is the same as the thickness of the second groove; the third thickness of the first negative active coating 303 is the same as the thickness of the second negative active coating 403.
  • the opening of the second groove is covered with a second negative electrode insulating glue.
  • the positive electrode segment includes a positive current collector and a positive active coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector; on the first positive electrode side, a tab mounting groove is provided on the positive active coating; and the positive tab is arranged in the tab mounting groove.
  • the positive electrode segment is covered with a first positive electrode insulating glue; and the first positive electrode insulating glue covers the positive electrode lug; on the second positive electrode side, the position of the positive electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode lug is covered with a second positive electrode insulating glue.
  • the opening of the first groove is covered with a first negative electrode insulating glue; the opening of the second groove is covered with a second negative electrode insulating glue, wherein the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is the first direction; extending along the first direction: the first groove has a third width, and the size of the third width is W3; the first negative electrode insulating glue has a fourth width, and the size of the fourth width is W4; the first positive electrode insulating glue has a fifth width, and the size of the fifth width is W5, and W3, W4, and W5 satisfy: W3 ⁇ W4 ⁇ W5,
  • the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is the first direction; the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is the second direction; extending along the second direction: the first groove has a third length, and the dimension of the third length is L3; the first negative electrode insulating glue has a fourth length, and the dimension of the fourth length is L4; the first positive electrode insulating glue has a fifth length, and the dimension of the fifth length is L5, and L3, L4, and L5 satisfy: L3 ⁇ L4 ⁇ L5.
  • the positive electrode sheet extends in a first direction; extending along the first direction: the first groove has a third width, the first negative electrode insulating glue has a fourth width, the first positive electrode insulating glue has a fifth width, the third width of the first groove is the same as the width of the second groove; the fourth width of the first negative electrode insulating glue is the same as the width of the second negative electrode insulating glue; the fifth width of the first positive electrode insulating glue is the same as the width of the second positive electrode insulating glue,
  • the extending direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction; extending along the second direction: the first groove has a third length, the first negative electrode insulating glue has a fourth length, the first positive electrode insulating glue has a fifth length, and the third length of the first groove is equal to the first length of the first positive electrode.
  • the lengths of the two grooves are the same; the fourth length of the first negative electrode insulating glue is the same as the length of the second negative electrode insulating glue; the fifth length of the first positive electrode insulating glue is the same as the length of the second positive electrode insulating glue.
  • the negative electrode sheet also includes a second negative electrode segment; the side of the positive electrode segment facing away from the first negative electrode segment is the second positive electrode side; the side of the second negative electrode segment facing the second positive electrode side is the second negative electrode side; on the second negative electrode side, a second insulating coating is provided at a position of the second negative electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode ear; the first negative electrode segment includes a first negative current collector; on the first negative electrode side, the first insulating coating is provided at a position of the first negative current collector opposite to the positive electrode ear; the second negative electrode segment includes a second negative current collector; on the second negative electrode side, the second insulating coating is provided at a position of the second negative current collector opposite to the positive electrode ear.
  • the positive electrode segment includes a positive current collector; and the positive electrode ear is arranged on the positive current collector.
  • the positive electrode segment is covered with a first positive electrode insulating glue; and the first positive electrode insulating glue covers the positive electrode ear; on the second positive electrode side, the position of the positive electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode ear is covered with a second positive electrode insulating glue.
  • the positive electrode ear includes an internal connection portion; the internal connection portion is connected to the positive current collector; the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction; extending along the second direction: the internal connection portion has a first length, and the dimension of the first length is L1; the first insulating coating has a second length, and the dimension of the second width is L2; the first positive electrode insulating glue has a fifth length, and the dimension of the fifth length is L5; the first negative current collector has a sixth length, and the dimension of the sixth length is L6; wherein the second length of the first insulating coating is the same as the length of the second insulating coating; the fifth length of the first positive electrode insulating glue is the same as the length of the second positive electrode insulating glue; L1, L2, L5, and L6 satisfy: L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ L5 ⁇ L6.
  • the positive electrode ear includes an internal connection portion; the internal connection portion is connected to the positive current collector; the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet is a third direction; on a cross section perpendicular to the third direction, the projection area of the first insulating coating covers the projection area of the internal connection portion; and the projection area of the first insulating coating is the same as the projection area of the second insulating coating.
  • a battery comprises a battery cell; the battery cell is the battery cell described above.
  • a first insulating coating is coated on the first negative electrode segment opposite to the positive electrode ear, and the first insulating coating effectively avoids the short-circuit contact between the internal connection part of the electrode ear and the current collector or negative active coating of the negative electrode sheet, thereby effectively avoiding the potential safety hazard problem at the position of the positive electrode ear.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • the positive pole ear position of the lithium-ion battery poses a greater safety hazard.
  • the pole ear is cut from a metal coil, and burrs are easily formed on its edge when it is cut. When the battery cell is used later, it may pierce the diaphragm and cause an internal short circuit, which will also cause safety hazards.
  • the present application provides a battery cell and a battery having the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including a positive electrode sheet, a positive electrode ear 2 and a negative electrode sheet;
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode segment 1;
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a first negative electrode segment 3;
  • the side of the positive electrode segment 1 facing the first negative electrode segment 3 is the first positive electrode side;
  • the side of the first negative electrode segment 3 facing the first positive electrode side is the first negative electrode side;
  • the positive electrode ear 2 is arranged on the positive electrode segment 1 and is located on the first positive electrode side; on the first negative electrode side, a first insulating coating 301 is arranged at a position opposite to the positive electrode segment 3 and the positive electrode ear 2.
  • the battery cell includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, a positive electrode tab 2 and a negative electrode tab; the separator is located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the positive electrode tab 2 is arranged on the positive electrode sheet; and the negative electrode tab is arranged on the negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet are stacked and then wound in multiple layers to form a battery cell; the battery cell includes a straight portion and a bent portion; the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab are both located in the straight portion.
  • the wound positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode segment 1 ; a positive electrode ear 2 is arranged on the positive electrode segment 1 .
  • the wound negative electrode sheet includes a first negative electrode segment 3 and a second negative electrode segment 4 .
  • first negative electrode segment 3 and the second negative electrode segment 4 can be segments in two negative electrode sheets respectively arranged at intervals on both sides of the positive electrode sheet; the first negative electrode segment 3 and the second negative electrode segment 4 can also be two segments in the same negative electrode sheet; and the first negative electrode segment 3 and the second negative electrode segment 4 formed by winding are respectively located on both sides of the same positive electrode segment 1.
  • the negative electrode sheet facing the positive electrode tab 2 is the first negative electrode segment 3 ; the negative electrode sheet facing away from the positive electrode tab 2 is the second negative electrode segment 4 .
  • the side of the positive electrode segment 1 facing the first negative electrode segment 3 is the first positive electrode side; the side of the first negative electrode segment 3 facing the first positive electrode side is the first negative electrode side.
  • the positive electrode tab 2 is welded on the positive electrode segment 1 , and the positive electrode tab 2 is located on the first positive electrode side of the positive electrode segment 1 .
  • a first insulating coating 301 is provided at a position of the first negative electrode segment 3 opposite to the positive electrode tab 2 .
  • the first insulating coating 301 effectively avoids short-circuit contact between the internal connection of the positive electrode ear 2 and the first negative current collector or the first negative active coating of the first negative electrode segment 3, thereby effectively avoiding potential safety hazards at the location of the positive electrode ear 2.
  • some external forces due to improper operation such as puncture, extrusion, and falling, or when burrs appear on the positive electrode ear 2, resulting in puncture and detachment of the film
  • the aluminum foil-anode short circuit will not occur, thus avoiding thermal runaway inside the battery and ensuring the effectiveness of the battery; at the same time, the battery will not burn or explode due to internal short circuit, and the safety performance has also been greatly improved.
  • the negative electrode sheet further includes a second negative electrode segment 4 ; a separator is disposed between the second negative electrode segment 4 and the positive electrode segment 1 .
  • the side of the positive electrode segment facing away from the first negative electrode segment 3 is the second positive electrode side; the first positive electrode side and the second positive electrode side are parallel to the extension direction of the positive electrode segment 1.
  • the side of the second negative electrode segment 4 close to the second positive electrode side is the second negative electrode side.
  • a second insulating coating 401 is disposed at a position where the second negative electrode segment 4 is opposite to the positive electrode tab 2 .
  • the back of the positive electrode ear 2 will be damaged by welding, and the diaphragm may be easily punctured, resulting in a short circuit contact between the positive electrode ear 2 and the second negative current collector or the second negative active coating of the second negative electrode segment 4.
  • the second insulating coating 401 By providing the second insulating coating 401, the short circuit contact between the internal connection part of the positive electrode ear 2 and the second negative current collector or the second negative active coating of the second negative electrode segment 4 is effectively avoided, the puncture performance of the lithium-ion battery is improved, and the safety performance at the position of the positive electrode ear 2 is further improved.
  • a first insulating coating 301 is coated on an area on the first negative electrode side of the first negative electrode segment 3 that is opposite to the positive electrode ear 2; and a second insulating coating 401 is coated on an area on the second negative electrode side of the second negative electrode segment 4 that is opposite to the positive electrode ear 2, thereby achieving two-way clamping protection for the positive electrode ear 2, and the welding area of the positive electrode ear 2 will not short-circuit with any of the adjacent negative electrode sheets, thereby greatly improving the safety protection performance.
  • the first negative electrode segment 3 includes a first negative current collector 302 and a first negative active coating 303 coated on the surface of the first negative current collector 302; on the first negative electrode side, a first groove 304 is provided at a position of the first negative active coating 303 opposite to the positive electrode ear 2; and the first insulating coating 301 is placed in the first groove 304.
  • the first groove 304 By providing the first groove 304, not only the amount of active material in the first negative active coating 303 in the area opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 is reduced; but also the first groove 304 forms an accommodation space for the first insulating coating 301, which can ensure that the first insulating coating 301 does not protrude excessively while strengthening the short-circuit contact protection, thereby effectively ensuring the energy density of the battery.
  • the second negative electrode segment 4 includes a second negative current collector 402 and a second negative active coating 403 coated on the surface of the second negative current collector 402 ; on the second negative electrode side, a second groove 404 is provided at a position of the second negative active coating 403 opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 ; and the second insulating coating 401 is placed in the second groove 404 .
  • the short-circuit risk between the negative active coating and the positive electrode ear 2 is the most serious.
  • the battery cell of the present application is a lug-center structure, that is, the area of the first negative electrode side of the first negative electrode segment 3 opposite to the positive electrode lug 2 is coated with the first negative active coating 303; and the area of the second negative electrode side of the second negative electrode segment 4 opposite to the positive electrode lug 2 is coated with the second negative active coating 403. At this time, there is a risk of short circuit between the negative active coating and the positive electrode lug 2.
  • the first groove 304 By opening the first groove 304, not only the amount of active material of the first negative active coating 303 in the area opposite to the positive lug 2 is reduced; but also the first groove 304 forms an accommodating space for the first insulating coating 301. While strengthening the short-circuit contact protection, it can ensure that the first insulating coating 301 does not protrude excessively, thereby effectively ensuring the energy density of the battery.
  • the second groove 404 it is necessary to avoid short-circuit contact between the positive electrode ear 2 and the second negative active coating 403.
  • the second groove 404 By opening the second groove 404, not only the amount of active material of the second negative active coating 403 in the area opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 is reduced; but also the second groove 404 forms a accommodating space for the second insulating coating 401. While strengthening the short-circuit contact protection, it can ensure that the second insulating coating 401 does not protrude excessively, thereby effectively ensuring the energy density of the battery.
  • the first negative electrode segment 3 includes a first negative current collector 302 ; on the first negative electrode side, a first insulating coating 301 is disposed at a position of the first negative current collector 302 opposite to the positive electrode tab 2 .
  • the second negative electrode segment 4 includes a second negative current collector 402 ; on the second negative electrode side, a second insulating coating 401 is disposed at a position of the second negative current collector 402 opposite to the positive electrode tab 2 .
  • the positive electrode ear 2 is welded to the empty foil area of the positive electrode segment, at this time, the area where the first negative electrode side of the first negative electrode segment 3 is opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 is the first negative current collector 302 (i.e., empty foil); at the same time, the area where the second negative electrode side of the second negative electrode segment 4 is opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 is the second negative current collector 402 (i.e., empty foil). At this time, there is a short circuit hazard between the negative electrode current collector and the positive electrode ear 2.
  • the first insulating coating 301 can be directly coated on the first negative current collector 302. The above arrangement not only has high safety performance, but also eliminates the process of opening the groove, and the process is simple.
  • the second insulating coating 401 can be directly coated on the first negative current collector 402.
  • the opening of the first groove 304 is covered with a first negative electrode insulating glue 5 .
  • first insulating coating 301 and the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 double insulation protection is achieved between the positive electrode ear 2 and the first negative active coating 303, and the safety performance is greatly improved.
  • the opening of the second groove 404 is covered with a second negative electrode insulating glue 6 .
  • the positive electrode segment 1 includes a positive current collector 101 and a positive active coating 102 coated on the surface of the positive current collector 101.
  • a tab mounting groove 103 is provided on the positive active coating 102; and the positive tab 2 is disposed in the tab mounting groove 103.
  • the positive lug 2 is coated with a positive active coating 102 at the installation position of the positive electrode segment 1.
  • the positive current collector 101 can be exposed, which not only realizes the precise installation of the positive lug 2, but also ensures the electrical connection between the positive lug 1 and the positive current collector 101.
  • the positive electrode segment 1 includes a positive current collector 101 ; the positive electrode tab 2 is disposed on the positive current collector 101 .
  • the positive electrode tab 2 When the battery cell of the present application is of a conventional structure, that is, the positive electrode tab 2 is welded on the exposed positive current collector 101 of the positive electrode segment 1 (that is, the head empty foil area of the positive electrode segment 1), the positive electrode tab 2 can be directly welded on the positive current collector 101, eliminating the process of opening the tab mounting groove 103, and the process is simple.
  • the positive electrode segment 1 is covered with a first positive electrode insulating glue 7 ; and the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 covers the positive electrode ear 2 .
  • the position of the positive electrode segment 1 opposite to the positive electrode ear 2 is covered with a second positive electrode insulating glue 8 .
  • the first insulating coating 301 By providing the first insulating coating 301, the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 and the first positive electrode insulating glue 7, triple insulation protection between the positive electrode ear 2 and the first negative active coating 303 is achieved, and the safety performance is greatly improved.
  • the second insulating coating 401 by providing the second insulating coating 401, the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 and the second positive electrode insulating glue 8, triple insulation protection between the positive electrode ear 2 and the second negative active coating 403 is achieved, and the safety performance is greatly improved.
  • the positive electrode sheet extends in a first direction; extending along the first direction:
  • the positive electrode tab 2 has a first width, and the size of the first width is W1;
  • the first insulating coating 301 has a second width, and the size of the second width is W2;
  • the first groove 304 has a third width, and the size of the third width is W3;
  • W1, W2, W3, satisfy: W1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ W3.
  • the second width of the first insulating coating 301 is the same as the width of the second insulating coating 401 ; and the third width of the first groove 304 is the same as the width of the second groove 404 .
  • the positive electrode tab 2 includes an internal connection portion; the internal connection portion is connected to the positive electrode segment 1.
  • the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction, which is parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction; extending along the second direction:
  • the inscribed portion has a first length, and the first length is L1;
  • the first insulating coating 301 has a second length, and the second length is L2;
  • the first groove 304 has a third length, and the third length is L3;
  • the second length of the first insulating coating 301 is the same as the length of the second insulating coating 401 ; and the third length of the first groove 304 is the same as the length of the second groove 404 .
  • the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet is the third direction; extending along the third direction:
  • the first groove 304 has a first thickness, and the second thickness is T1;
  • the first insulating coating 301 has a second thickness, and the size of the second thickness is T2;
  • the first negative active coating 303 on the first negative electrode side has a third thickness; the third thickness is T3;
  • T1, T2, T3 satisfy: 1um ⁇ T2 ⁇ T1 ⁇ T3; or, T1, T2, T3 satisfy: T1 ⁇ T2 ⁇ 2T3.
  • the second thickness of the first insulating coating 301 is the same as the thickness of the second insulating coating 401 ; the first thickness of the first groove 304 is the same as the thickness of the second groove 404 ; and the third thickness of the first negative active coating 303 is the same as the thickness of the second negative active coating 403 .
  • the above arrangement can ensure that the first insulating coating 301 can be placed in the first groove 304 ; and can ensure that the first insulating coating 301 can completely block the short-circuit contact between the positive tab 2 and the first negative active coating 303 .
  • the second insulating coating 401 can be placed in the second groove 404 ; and it can be ensured that the second insulating coating 401 can completely block the short-circuit contact between the positive electrode tab 2 and the second negative active coating 403 .
  • the opening of the first groove 304 is covered with a first negative electrode insulating glue 5; the opening of the second groove 404 is covered with a second negative electrode insulating glue 6, wherein the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is the first direction, extending along the first direction:
  • the first groove 304 has a third width, and the size of the third width is W3;
  • the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 has a fourth width, and the size of the fourth width is W4;
  • the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 has a fifth width, and the size of the fifth width is W5;
  • the third width of the first groove 304 is the same as the width of the second groove 404; the fourth width of the first negative electrode insulation glue 5 is the same as the width of the second negative electrode insulation glue 6; the fifth width of the first positive electrode insulation glue 7 is the same as the width of the second positive electrode insulation glue 8.
  • the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction, which is parallel to the first positive electrode side, and a direction perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction. Extending along the second direction:
  • the first groove 304 has a third length, and the third length is L3;
  • the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 has a fourth length, and the size of the fourth length is L4;
  • the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 has a fifth length, and the size of the fifth length is L5;
  • the third length of the first groove 304 is the same as the length of the second groove 404; the fourth length of the first negative electrode insulation glue 5 is the same as the length of the second negative electrode insulation glue 6; the fifth length of the first positive electrode insulation glue 7 is the same as the length of the second positive electrode insulation glue 8.
  • the above arrangement can ensure that the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 can completely cover the first groove 304; and can ensure that the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 can completely cover the first negative electrode insulating glue 5, thereby realizing the triple insulation protection of the first insulating coating 301, the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 and the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 between the positive pole ear 2 and the first negative active coating 303.
  • the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 can completely cover the second groove 404; and it can ensure that the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 can completely cover the second negative electrode insulating glue 6, thereby realizing the triple insulation protection of the second insulating coating 401, the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 and the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 between the positive ear 2 and the second negative active coating 403.
  • the positive electrode tab 2 is disposed on the positive current collector 101 ; the first insulating coating 301 is disposed on the first negative current collector 302 ; and the second insulating coating 401 is disposed on the second negative current collector 402 .
  • the positive electrode segment 1 is covered with a first positive electrode insulating glue 7 ; and the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 covers the positive electrode ear 2 ; on the second positive electrode side, the position opposite to the positive electrode segment 1 and the positive electrode ear 2 is covered with a second positive electrode insulating glue 8 .
  • the positive electrode tab 2 includes an internal connection portion; the internal connection portion is connected to the positive current collector 101; the extension direction of the positive electrode sheet is a first direction; and the direction parallel to the first positive electrode side and perpendicular to the first direction is a second direction.
  • the inscribed portion has a first length, and the first length is L1;
  • the first insulating coating 301 has a second length, and the second length is L2;
  • the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 has a fifth length, and the size of the fifth length is L5;
  • the first negative current collector 302 has a sixth length, and the sixth length is L6;
  • the sixth length of the first negative current collector 302 is the same as the length of the second negative current collector 402;
  • the second length of the first insulating coating 301 is the same as the length of the second insulating coating 401 ; the fifth length of the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 is the same as the length of the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 ; further, the sixth length of the first negative current collector 302 is the same as the length of the second negative current collector 402 .
  • the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet is the third direction
  • the positive electrode ear 2 includes an internal connection portion; the internal connection portion is connected to the positive electrode segment 1;
  • the projection area of the first insulating coating 301 covers the projection area of the inscribed portion, and the projection area of the first insulating coating 301 is the same as the projection area of the second insulating coating 401 .
  • the above arrangement can ensure that the first insulating coating 301 can completely cover the positive electrode ear 2; and can ensure that the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 can completely cover the first insulating coating 301; at the same time, it can ensure that the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 can completely cover the surface of the first negative current collector 302, for example, the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 can cover the exposed surface of the first negative current collector 302, thereby realizing the double insulation protection of the first insulating coating 301 and the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 between the positive electrode ear 2 and the first negative current collector 302.
  • the second insulating coating 401 can completely cover the positive electrode ear 2; and it can be ensured that the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 can completely cover the second insulating coating 401; at the same time, it can be ensured that the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 can completely cover the surface of the second negative current collector 402, thereby realizing double insulation protection of the second insulating coating 401 and the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 between the positive electrode ear 2 and the second negative current collector 402.
  • first insulating coating 301 has a second thickness, and the second thickness has a size of T2;
  • the first negative active coating 303 on the first negative electrode side has a third thickness, and the third thickness is T3;
  • T2 and T3 satisfy: 1um ⁇ T2 ⁇ 2T3.
  • the thickness of the first insulating coating 301 may be preferably selected not to exceed the thickness of the first negative electrode segment 3, so as to ensure the energy density of the battery while ensuring the insulation protection of the positive electrode tab 2 and the first negative current collector 302.
  • the thickness of the first insulating coating 301 may also be selected to exceed the thickness of the first negative electrode segment 3 to achieve more effective insulation protection.
  • the present application also provides a battery, including a battery cell; the battery cell is the battery cell described above.
  • the battery includes the above-mentioned battery cells, the beneficial effects brought by the battery cells of this battery can be found in the above content and will not be repeated here.
  • the battery cell is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a separator and a negative electrode sheet stacked in sequence; the two negative electrode segments adjacent to a positive electrode segment 2 are divided into a first negative electrode segment 3 and a second negative electrode segment 4 according to their setting positions; the first negative electrode segment 3 is located on the first positive electrode side of the positive electrode segment 2; and the second negative electrode segment 4 is located on the second positive electrode side of the positive electrode segment 2.
  • the positive current collector 101 is aluminum foil.
  • the negative current collector is a copper foil; the negative current collector includes a first negative current collector 302 and a second negative current collector 402 .
  • the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent are mixed in a certain proportion in the NMP solution and stirred evenly to form the positive active coating 102 .
  • the negative electrode active material, the binder, the conductive agent and the dispersant are dispersed in deionized water and stirred evenly to obtain negative active coatings respectively; the negative active coatings include a first negative active coating 303 and a second negative active coating 403 .
  • the insulating coating comprises a first insulating coating 301 and a second insulating coating 401; the insulating coating is composed of ceramic particles and a binder; the ceramic particles account for 30% to 99% of the total weight, and the binder accounts for 1% to 70% of the total weight.
  • Ceramic particles and binder are mixed in NMP solution in a certain proportion and stirred evenly to form an insulating coating.
  • the positive electrode active material is one or more combinations of lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), nickel cobalt manganese ternary material (NCM) or lithium iron phosphate (LFP).
  • LCO lithium cobalt oxide
  • LMO lithium manganese oxide
  • NCM nickel cobalt manganese ternary material
  • LFP lithium iron phosphate
  • the negative electrode active material is one or more combinations of graphite, silicon, silicon-carbon or silicon-oxygen.
  • the binder is one or more combinations of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyhexafluoroethylene or styrene-butadiene rubber.
  • the conductive agent is one or a combination of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, conductive graphite, conductive carbon fiber, metal powder or carbon fiber.
  • the ceramic particles are one or more combinations of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium dioxide, tin oxide, cerium dioxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, zirconium dioxide, yttrium oxide, silicon carbide, boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or barium sulfate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the battery cell with a central tab structure in Example 1, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive and negative electrodes in the battery cell with a central tab structure in Example 1.
  • the positive active material, binder, and conductive agent are mixed in a certain proportion in an NMP solution and stirred evenly to form a positive active coating.
  • the positive active coating is evenly coated on one surface of the positive current collector (i.e., aluminum foil). Then, the above steps are repeated on the other surface of the positive current collector to obtain a double-sided coated positive electrode sheet.
  • the mass ratio of the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent is 96:2:2.
  • a cleaning device is used during film production to clean out the tab installation groove 103 at the designed position.
  • the first width W1 of the positive electrode tab 2 is 6 mm, and the first length L1 of the internal connection portion (ie, the welding end) is 20 mm.
  • the fifth width W5 of the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 is 20 mm, and the fifth length L5 is 30 mm.
  • the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 has the same width and length as the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 .
  • the negative electrode active material, conductive agent, binder and dispersant are dispersed in deionized water and stirred evenly to obtain a negative active coating.
  • the negative active coating is coated on two functional surfaces of a negative current collector (i.e., copper foil), and then dried to obtain a negative electrode sheet containing a negative active layer.
  • the mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the binder and the dispersant is 97:1.2:0.5:1.3.
  • a first groove 304 is cleaned out at the designed position using a cleaning device during film production, and a first insulating coating 301 is applied inside the first groove 304 as needed; and a second groove 404 is cleaned out at the designed position using a cleaning device, and a second insulating coating 401 is applied inside the second groove 404 as needed.
  • the preparation method of the insulating coating is as follows: ceramic particles and a binder are added to NMP at a mass ratio of 85:15 and mixed evenly to obtain an insulating coating, and the insulating coating is applied to the first groove 304 and the second groove 404 respectively, and the first insulating coating 301 and the second insulating coating 304 are obtained after drying.
  • the first negative active coating 303 on the first negative electrode side and the second negative active coating 403 on the second negative electrode side have the same shape and size; the first groove 304 and the second groove 404 have the same shape and size; the first insulating coating 301 and the second insulating coating 401 have the same shape and size; the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 and the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 have the same shape and size.
  • the third thickness T3 of the first negative active coating layer 303 on the first negative electrode side is 50 um.
  • the first thickness T1 (ie, cleaning depth) of the first groove 304 is 50 um. At this time, the first groove 304 is cleaned to the surface of the first negative current collector 302 , that is, the first insulating coating 301 is coated on the surface of the first negative current collector 302 .
  • the second thickness T2 of the first insulating coating layer 301 is 50 um.
  • the third width W3 of the first groove 304 is 10 mm, and the third length L3 is 25 mm.
  • the second width W2 of the first insulating coating layer 301 is 8 mm, and the second length L2 is 25 mm.
  • the fourth width W4 of the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 is 18 mm, and the fourth length L4 is 28 mm.
  • the positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet are stacked in sequence, and then wound to obtain a roll core, which is placed in an aluminum-plastic film outer package, and electrolyte is injected into the aluminum-plastic film outer package and subjected to vacuum sealing, standing, forming, shaping and other processes to obtain a lithium-ion battery. These processes can be conventional operations in the field and will not be repeated here.
  • the electrolyte is a solution prepared by lithium salt LiPF6 and non-aqueous organic solvents ethylene carbonate, propyl propionate, diethyl carbonate and propylene carbonate;
  • the diaphragm is a polyethylene (PE) diaphragm coated with ceramic and polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the battery cell with the middle tab structure according to the second embodiment, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive and negative electrodes in the battery cell with the middle tab structure according to the second embodiment.
  • the second width W2 of the first insulating coating 301 is increased from 8 mm to 10 mm, and the other parameters remain unchanged.
  • the first insulating coating 301 is changed from being partially filled to filling the entire first groove 304 .
  • the first insulating coating 301 is in contact with the first negative active coating 303 at the edge of the first groove 304 .
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the battery cell with a central lug structure according to the third embodiment, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive and negative electrodes in the battery cell with a central lug structure according to the third embodiment.
  • the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 is no longer disposed on the first groove 304 .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the four-pole center-mounted structure battery cell in the embodiment, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive and negative electrodes in the four-pole center-mounted structure battery cell in the embodiment.
  • the first thickness T1 (ie, cleaning depth) of the first groove 304 is reduced from 50 um to 40 um, the first insulating coating 301 is coated on the surface of the first negative electrode active coating 303, and the other parameters are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the conventional structure battery cell of Example 5, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the conventional structure battery cell of Example 5.
  • the battery cell has a conventional structure, and no tab mounting groove 103 is provided on the positive active coating 102 of the positive electrode segment 1; no first groove 304 is provided on the first negative active coating 303 of the first negative electrode segment 3; and no second groove 404 is provided on the second negative active coating 403 of the second negative electrode segment 4.
  • the positive electrode tab 2 is welded to the empty foil area of the positive current collector 101;
  • the first insulating coating 301 is applied to the first negative current collector 302; the second insulating coating 401 is applied to the second negative current collector 402;
  • the positive and negative electrode ingredients, coating and battery cell preparation process are the same as those in Example 1.
  • the first width W1 of the positive electrode ear is 6 mm, and the first length L1 of the internal connection portion (ie, the welding end) is 20 mm.
  • the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 covers the positive electrode ear 2 ; on the second positive electrode side, the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 covers the empty foil in the area where the positive electrode segment 1 and the positive electrode ear 2 are located opposite to each other.
  • the fifth width W5 of the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 is 25 mm, and the fifth length L5 is 30 mm; the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 has the same width and length as the first positive electrode insulating glue 7. And extending along the first direction, the first positive electrode insulating glue 7 and the second positive electrode insulating glue 8 cover the positive active coating with a width of 2 mm.
  • the third thickness T3 of the first negative active coating 303 on the first negative electrode side is 50 um; the thickness of the second negative active coating 403 on the second negative electrode side is 50 um.
  • the second thickness T2 of the first insulating coating 301 is 50 um, the second width W2 is 8 mm, and the second length L2 is 25 mm; the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 is no longer provided on the first insulating coating 301;
  • the coating thickness of the second insulating coating 401 is 50 um, the width is 8 mm, and the length is 25 mm; the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 is no longer disposed on the second insulating coating 401 .
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a conventional structure battery cell of Example 6, in which the diaphragm is omitted;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the conventional structure battery cell of Example 6.
  • Example 5 Compared with Example 5, the length and width of the first insulating coating 301 and the second insulating coating 401 are increased, and the final effect is that the empty foil area at the head of the first negative current collector 302 is covered by the first insulating coating 301, and the empty foil area at the head of the second negative current collector 402 is covered by the second insulating coating 401, and the other parameters are consistent with Example 5.
  • the second groove 404 is no longer provided on the second negative electrode segment 4; the second insulating coating 401 is not provided; and the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 provided in the region is retained.
  • the second thickness T2 of the first insulating coating 301 is increased from 50 um to 80 um, and the other parameters remain the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
  • the first insulating coating 301 is retained, and the second insulating coating 401 is no longer provided.
  • the other parameters remain the same as those of the fifth embodiment.
  • the second thickness T2 of the first insulating coating 301 is increased from 50 um to 80 um, and the other parameters remain the same as those of the ninth embodiment.
  • the battery cell has a central lug structure
  • the first groove 304 and the second groove 404 are eliminated, and the first insulating coating 301 and the second insulating coating 401 are not provided, while the first negative electrode insulating glue 5 and the second negative electrode insulating glue 6 are retained.
  • the battery cell has a conventional structure
  • the first insulating coating 301 is no longer provided in the empty foil area at the head of the first negative current collector 302, and the second insulating coating 401 is no longer provided in the empty foil area at the head of the second negative current collector 402.
  • the other parameters are consistent with those of the fifth embodiment.
  • the pass rate is used as an evaluation index of the safety limit capability of the lithium battery.
  • the battery cell with the middle structure of the tab it is preferred to set a first groove on the first negative active material opposite to the positive tab, set a first insulating coating in the first groove, set a second groove on the second negative active material opposite to the positive tab, set a second insulating coating in the second groove, and the thicker the first insulating coating and the second insulating coating, the better the safety.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is too large, it will affect the energy density of the battery.
  • Those skilled in the art can reasonably set the thickness of the insulating coating, coating area and other parameters according to actual needs.
  • a first insulating coating on the first negative current collector opposite to the positive electrode ears, and arrange a second insulating coating on the second negative current collector opposite to the positive electrode ears, and the thicker the insulating coating, the better the safety.
  • too large an insulating coating thickness will affect the energy density of the battery, and those skilled in the art can reasonably set the thickness of the insulating coating, coating area and other parameters according to actual needs.
  • each component can be decomposed and/or reassembled, and these decompositions and/or reassemblies should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

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Abstract

公开了一种电芯及电池，该电芯包括正极片、正极耳和负极片；正极片包括正极片段；负极片包括第一负极片段；正极片段面对第一负极片段的一侧为第一正极侧；第一负极片段面对第一正极侧的一侧为第一负极侧；正极耳设置于正极片段，且位于第一正极侧；在第一负极侧，第一负极片段与正极耳相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层。有效避免了正极耳与负极片之间的短路接触，进而有效避免了正极耳位置处的安全隐患问题；当电池由于操作不当受到一些外力因素，如穿刺、挤压、跌落时，或者正极耳出现毛刺，导致薄膜刺破、脱离时，在第一绝缘涂层的防护下，不会产生铝箔-阳极短路，避免了电池内部热失控，保证了电池的有效性。

Description

一种电芯及电池
交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年10月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202222828020.0、申请名称为“一种电芯及电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，更具体地说涉及一种电芯，还涉及一种具有该电芯的电池。
发明背景
锂离子电池因其优异的电化学性能、绿色环保、可快速充放电、续航能力强等优点而备受青睐，目前已被广泛应用于各种电子产品领域。近年来，新闻多次报道了锂离子电池起火的事故，引起人们的重视，其安全性能成为新能源行业亟待解决的关键问题。当锂离子电池由于操作不当受到一些外力因素时，如穿刺、挤压、跌落等可能会引发电池内部热失控导致燃烧甚至爆炸，尤其是锂离子电池的正极极耳位置更是存在着较大安全隐患。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种电芯，还提供了一种具有该电芯的电池，可以提高电芯的安全性能，进而提高电池的安全性能，以解决电芯及电池安全性能差的技术问题。
为了达到上述目的，本申请提供如下技术方案：
一种电芯，包括正极片、正极耳和负极片；所述正极片包括正极片段；所述负极片包括第一负极片段；所述正极片段面对所述第一负极片段的一侧为第一正极侧；所述第一负极片段面对所述第一正极侧的一侧为第一负极侧；所述正极耳设置于所述正极片段，且位于所述第一正极侧；在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负极片段与所述正极耳相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层。
可选的，所述第一负极片段包括第一负集流体和涂覆于所述第一负集流体表面的第一负活性涂层；在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负活性涂层与所述正极耳相对的位置开设有第一凹槽；所述第一绝缘涂层设置于所述第一凹槽内。
可选的，所述第一凹槽的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶。
可选的，所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：所述正极耳具有第一宽度，所述第一宽度的尺寸为W1；所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二宽度，所述第二宽度的尺寸为W2；所述第一凹槽具有第三宽度，所述第三宽度的尺寸为W3，所述W1、所述W2、所述W3，满足：W1≤W2≤W3。
可选的，所述正极耳包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正极片段；所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：所述内接部具有第一长度，所述第一长度的尺寸为L1；所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二长度，所述第二长度的尺寸为L2；所述第一凹槽具有第三长度，所述第三长度的尺寸为L3，所述L1、所述L2、所述L3，满足：L1≤L2≤L3。
可选的，所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；沿所述第三方向延伸：所述第一凹槽具有第一厚度，所述第一厚度的尺寸为T1；所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二厚度，所述第二厚度的尺寸为T2；所述第一负极侧的所述第一负活性涂层具有第三厚度，所述第三厚度的尺寸为T3， 所述T1、所述T2、所述T3，满足：1um≤T2≤T1≤T3；或者，所述T1、所述T2、所述T3，满足：T1＜T2≤2T3。
可选的，上述电芯中，所述负极片还包括第二负极片段；所述正极片段背对所述第一负极片段的一侧为第二正极侧；所述第二负极片段面对所述第二正极侧的一侧为第二负极侧；在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负极片段与所述正极耳相对的位置设置有第二绝缘涂层。
可选的，上述电芯中，所述第二负极片段包括第二负集流体和涂覆于所述第二负集流体表面的第二负活性涂层；在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负活性涂层与所述正极耳相对的位置开设有第二凹槽；所述第二绝缘涂层设置于所述第二凹槽内。
可选的，所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸，所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二宽度，所述第一凹槽具有第三宽度，所述第一绝缘涂层的所述第二宽度与所述第二绝缘涂层的宽度相同，所述第一凹槽的所述第三宽度与所述第二凹槽的宽度相同，
和/或，
所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸，所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二长度，所述第一凹槽具有第三长度，所述第一绝缘涂层的所述第二长度与所述第二绝缘涂层长度相同，所述第一凹槽的所述第三长度与所述第二凹槽的长度相同；
和/或，
所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；沿所述第三方向延伸，所述第一凹槽具有第一厚度，所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二厚度，所述第一绝缘涂层的所述第二厚度与所述第二绝缘涂层的厚相同；所述第一凹槽的所述第一厚度与所述第二凹槽的厚度相同；所述第一负活性涂层303的所述第三厚度与所述第二负活性涂层403的厚度相同。
可选的，所述第二凹槽的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶。
可选的，所述正极片段包括正集流体和涂覆在正集流体表面的正活性涂层；在所述第一正极侧，所述正活性涂层上开设有极耳安装槽；所述正极耳设置于所述极耳安装槽。
可选的，上述电芯中，在所述第一正极侧，所述正极片段上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶；且所述第一正极绝缘胶覆盖所述正极耳；在所述第二正极侧，所述正极片段与所述正极耳相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶。
可选的，上述电芯中，所述第一凹槽的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶；所述第二凹槽的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶，其中，所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：所述第一凹槽具有第三宽度，所述第三宽度的尺寸为W3；所述第一负极绝缘胶具有第四宽度，所述第四宽度的尺寸为W4；所述第一正极绝缘胶具有第五宽度，所述第五宽度的尺寸为W5，所述W3、所述W4、所述W5，满足：W3≤W4≤W5，
和/或，
所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：所述第一凹槽具有第三长度，所述第三长度的尺寸为L3；所述第一负极绝缘胶具有第四长度，所述第四长度的尺寸为L4；所述第一正极绝缘胶具有第五长度，所述第五长度的尺寸为L5，所述L3、所述L4、所述L5，满足：L3≤L4≤L5。
可选的，所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：所述第一凹槽具有第三宽度，所述第一负极绝缘胶具有第四宽度，所述第一正极绝缘胶具有第五宽度，所述第一凹槽的所述第三宽度与所述第二凹槽的宽度相同；所述第一负极绝缘胶的所述第四宽度与所述第二负极绝缘胶的宽度相同；所述第一正极绝缘胶的所述第五宽度与所述第二正极绝缘胶的宽度相同，
和/或，
所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：所述第一凹槽具有第三长度，所述第一负极绝缘胶具有第四长度，所述第一正极绝缘胶具有第五长度，所述第一凹槽的所述第三长度与所述第 二凹槽的长度相同；所述第一负极绝缘胶的所述第四长度与所述第二负极绝缘胶的长度相同；所述第一正极绝缘胶的所述第五长度与所述第二正极绝缘胶的长度相同。
可选的，所述负极片还包括第二负极片段；所述正极片段背对所述第一负极片段的一侧为第二正极侧；所述第二负极片段面对所述第二正极侧的一侧为第二负极侧；在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负极片段与所述正极耳相对的位置设置有第二绝缘涂层；所述第一负极片段包括第一负集流体；在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负集流体与所述正极耳相对的位置设置有所述第一绝缘涂层；所述第二负极片段包括第二负集流体；在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负集流体与所述正极耳相对的位置设置有所述第二绝缘涂层。
可选的，所述正极片段包括正集流体；所述正极耳设置于所述正集流体。
可选的，在所述第一正极侧，所述正极片段上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶；且所述第一正极绝缘胶覆盖所述正极耳；在所述第二正极侧，所述正极片段与所述正极耳相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶。
可选的，上述电芯中，所述正极耳包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正集流体；所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：所述内接部具有第一长度，所述第一长度的尺寸为L1；所述第一绝缘涂层具有第二长度，所述第二宽度的尺寸为L2；所述第一正极绝缘胶具有第五长度，所述第五长度的尺寸为L5；所述第一负集流体具有第六长度，所述第六长度的尺寸为L6；其中，所述第一绝缘涂层的第二长度与所述第二绝缘涂层的长度相同；所述第一正极绝缘胶的第五长度与所述第二正极绝缘胶的长度相同；所述L1、所述L2、所述L5、所述L6，满足：L1≤L2≤L5≤L6。
可选的，所述正极耳包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正集流体；所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；在与所述第三方向垂直的截面上，所述第一绝缘涂层的投影面积覆盖住所述内接部的投影面积；且所述第一绝缘涂层的投影面积与所述第二绝缘涂层的投影面积相同。
一种电池，包括电芯；所述电芯为上文所述的电芯。
本申请实施例提供的电芯和设置有该电芯的电池中，在与正极耳相对的第一负极片段上涂覆了第一绝缘涂层，第一绝缘涂层有效避免了极耳的内接部与负极片的集流体或负活性涂层之间的短路接触，进而有效避免了正极耳位置处的安全隐患问题。当电池由于操作不当受到一些外力因素，如穿刺、挤压、跌落时，或者正极耳出现毛刺，导致薄膜刺破、脱离时，在第一绝缘涂层的防护下，不会产生铝箔-阳极短路，避免了电池内部热失控，保证了电池的有效性；同时电池不会因内部短路发生燃烧或是爆炸，安全性能也得到了极大提升。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请第一实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图2为本申请第一实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图3为本申请第二实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图4为本申请第二实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图5为本申请第三实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图6为本申请第三实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图7为本申请第四实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图8为本申请第四实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图9为本申请第五实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图10为本申请第五实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图11为本申请第六实施例的电芯的局部结构示意图。
图12为本申请第六实施例中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
图1-图12中：
1-正极片段，2-正极耳，3-第一负极片段，4-第二负极片段，5-第一负极绝缘胶，6-第二
负极绝缘胶，7-第一正极绝缘胶，8-第二正极绝缘胶；
101-正集流体，102-正活性涂层，103-极耳安装槽；
301-第一绝缘涂层，302-第一负集流体，303-第一负活性涂层，304-第一凹槽；
401-第二绝缘涂层，402-第二负集流体，403-第二负活性涂层，404-第二凹槽；
W1-第一宽度，W2-第二宽度，W3-第三宽度，W4-第四宽度，W5-第五宽度；
L1-第一长度，L2-第二长度，L3-第三长度，L4-第四长度，L5-第五长度；L6-第六长度；
T1-第一厚度，T2-第二厚度，T3-第三厚度。
实施本发明的方式
当锂离子电池由于操作不当受到一些外力因素时，如穿刺、挤压、跌落等可能会引发电池内部热失控导致燃烧甚至爆炸，尤其是锂离子电池的正极极耳位置更是存在着较大安全隐患。例如，由于正极极耳连接在铝箔空箔上，该位置受到到外力刺破时会产生铝箔-阳极短路，导致锂离子电池失效。再例如，在当前常规的卷绕结构及极耳中置结构的锂离子电池中，极耳为金属卷分切而成，其边缘分切时容易形成毛刺，在电芯后期使用时可能会刺穿隔膜导致内部短路，也会造成安全隐患。
针对上述问题，本申请提供了一种电芯，还提供了一种具有该电芯的电池。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如附图1-12所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电芯，包括正极片、正极耳2和负极片；正极片包括正极片段1；负极片包括第一负极片段3；正极片段1面对第一负极片段3的一侧为第一正极侧；第一负极片段3面对第一正极侧的一侧为第一负极侧；正极耳2设置于正极片段1，且位于第一正极侧；在第一负极侧，第一负极片段3与正极耳2相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层301。
在一些实施例中，电芯包括正极片、负极片、隔膜、正极耳2和负极耳；隔膜位于正极片和负极片之间；正极耳2设置于正极片；负极耳设置于负极片。
其中需要说明的是，正极片、隔膜、负极片层叠，然后多层卷绕，形成电芯；电芯包括平直部和折弯部；正极耳2和负极耳均位于平直部。
卷绕成型的正极片包括正极片段1；正极耳2设置于正极片段1。
卷绕成型的负极片包括第一负极片段3和第二负极片段4。
其中需要说明的是，第一负极片段3和第二负极片段4可以为分别间隔设置在正极片两侧的两个负极片中的片段；第一负极片段3和第二负极片段4也可以为同一负极片中的两个片段；且卷绕成型的第一负极片段3和第二负极片段4分别位于同一正极片段1的两侧。
其中，面对正极耳2的负极片为第一负极片段3；背对正极耳2的负极片为第二负极片段4。
正极片段1面对第一负极片段3的一侧为第一正极侧；第一负极片段3面对第一正极侧的一侧为第一负极侧。
正极耳2焊接在正极片段1上，且正极耳2位于正极片段1的第一正极侧。
在第一负极侧，第一负极片段3与正极耳2相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层301。
第一绝缘涂层301有效避免了正极耳2的内接部与第一负极片段3的第一负集流体或第一负活性涂层之间的短路接触，进而有效避免了正极耳2位置处的安全隐患问题。当电池由于操作不当受到一些外力因素，如穿刺、挤压、跌落时，或者正极耳2出现毛刺，导致薄膜刺破、脱离时，在第一绝缘涂层的防护下，不会产生铝箔-阳极短路，避免了电池内部热失控，保证了电池的有效性；同时电池不会因内部短路发生燃烧或是爆炸，安全性能也得到了极大提升。
在本申请的某些实施例中，负极片还包括第二负极片段4；第二负极片段4和正极片段1之间设置有隔膜。
正极片段背对第一负极片段3的一侧为第二正极侧；第一正极侧和第二正极侧均与正极片段1的延伸方向平行。第二负极片段4靠近第二正极侧的一侧为第二负极侧。
在第二负极侧，第二负极片段4与正极耳2相对的位置设置第二绝缘涂层401。
由于正极耳2焊接在正极片段1上时，正极耳2的背面会因焊接损伤，也容易出现刺破隔膜等问题，导致正极耳2与第二负极片段4的第二负集流体或第二负活性涂层之间发生短路接触。通过设置第二绝缘涂层401有效避免了正极耳2的内接部与第二负极片段4的第二负集流体或第二负活性涂层之间的短路接触，改善了锂离子电池的穿刺性能，进一步提升了正极耳2位置处的安全性能。
进一步的，在第一负极片段3的第一负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域涂覆第一绝缘涂层301；同时在第二负极片段4的第二负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域涂覆第二绝缘涂层401，进而实现了对正极耳2的双向夹击防护，正极耳2的焊接区域不会与其相邻的任一负极片发生短路接触，安全防护性能得到了极大提升。
在本申请的某些实施例中，第一负极片段3包括第一负集流体302和涂覆于第一负集流体302表面的第一负活性涂层303；在第一负极侧，第一负活性涂层303与正极耳2相对的位置开设有第一凹槽304；第一绝缘涂层301放置于第一凹槽304内。
通过开设第一凹槽304不仅减少了与正极耳2位置相对区域的第一负活性涂层303的活性物质的量；而且第一凹槽304形成了容纳第一绝缘涂层301的容置空间，在加强短路接触防护的同时，可以保证第一绝缘涂层301不会过分凸出，进而有效保证了电池的能量密度。
进一步地，在本申请的某些实施例中，第二负极片段4包括第二负集流体402和涂覆于第二负集流体402表面的第二负活性涂层403；在第二负极侧，第二负活性涂层403与正极耳2相对的位置开设有第二凹槽404；第二绝缘涂层401放置于第二凹槽404内。
由于负活性涂层与正极耳2之间短路点的阻抗小，并且负极放热反应的触发温度低，因此负活性涂层与正极耳2之间的短路风险最为严重。
当本申请的电芯为极耳中置结构时，即第一负极片段3的第一负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域涂覆有第一负活性涂层303；同时第二负极片段4的第二负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域涂覆有第二负活性涂层403。此时，存在负活性涂层与正极耳2之间的短路风险。
针对极耳中置结构电芯，需要避免正极耳2与第一负活性涂层303发生短路接触，通过开设第一凹槽304不仅减少了与正极耳2位置相对区域的第一负活性涂层303的活性物质的量；而且第一凹槽304形成了容纳第一绝缘涂层301的容置空间，在加强短路接触防护的同时，可以保证第一绝缘涂层301不会过分凸出，进而有效保证了电池的能量密度。
同理，需要避免正极耳2与第二负活性涂层403发生短路接触，通过开设第二凹槽404不仅减少了与正极耳2位置相对区域的第二负活性涂层403的活性物质的量；而且第二凹槽404形成了容纳第二绝缘涂层401的容置空间，在加强短路接触防护的同时，可以保证第二绝缘涂层401不会过分凸出，进而有效保证了电池的能量密度。
在本申请的某些实施例中，第一负极片段3包括第一负集流体302；在第一负极侧，第一负集流体302与正极耳2相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层301。
第二负极片段4包括第二负集流体402；在第二负极侧，第二负集流体402与正极耳2相对的位置设置有第二绝缘涂层401。
当本申请的电芯为常规结构时，即正极耳2焊接在正极片段的空箔区域，此时第一负极片段3的第一负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域为第一负集流体302(即空箔)；同时第二负极片段4的第二负极侧与正极耳2位置相对的区域为第二负集流体402(即空箔)。此时，存在负极集流体与正极耳2之间短路危害。
针对常规结构电芯，需要避免正极耳2与第一负集流体302发生短路接触，此时，直接在第一负集流体302上涂覆第一绝缘涂层301即可。如上设置，不仅安全性能高，而且省去了开设凹槽的流程，工艺简单。
同理，需要避免正极耳2与第二负集流体402发生短路接触，此时，直接在第一负集流体402上涂覆第二绝缘涂层401即可。如上设置，不仅安全性能高，而且省去了开设凹槽的流程，工艺简单。
在本申请的某些实施例中，第一凹槽304的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶5。
通过设置第一绝缘涂层301和第一负极绝缘胶5实现了正极耳2与第一负活性涂层303之间的双重绝缘防护，安全性能得到了极大提升。
在本申请的某些实施例中，第二凹槽404的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶6。
通过设置第二绝缘涂层401和第二负极绝缘胶6实现了正极耳2与第二负活性涂层403之间的双重绝缘防护，安全性能得到了极大提升。
在本申请的某些实施例中，正极片段1包括正集流体101和涂覆在正集流体101表面的正活性涂层102。在第一正极侧，正活性涂层102上开设有极耳安装槽103；正极耳2设置于极耳安装槽103。
当本申请的电芯为极耳中置结构时，即正极耳2的在正极片段1的安装位置涂覆有正活性涂层102。通过设置极耳安装槽103，可以将正集流体101裸露出来，不仅实现了正极耳2的精准安装，而且保证了正极耳1与正集流体101的电连接。
在本申请的某些实施例中，正极片段1包括正集流体101；正极耳2设置于正集流体101。
当本申请的电芯为常规结构时，即正极耳2焊接在正极片段1裸露的正集流体101上(即正极片段1的头部空箔区域)，可直接将正极耳2焊接在正集流体101上，省去了开设极耳安装槽103的流程，工艺简单。
在本申请的某些实施例中，在第一正极侧，正极片段1上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶7；且第一正极绝缘胶7覆盖正极耳2。
在第二正极侧，正极片段1与正极耳2相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶8。
通过设置第一绝缘涂层301、第一负极绝缘胶5和第一正极绝缘胶7实现了正极耳2与第一负活性涂层303之间的三重绝缘防护，安全性能得到了极大提升。
同理，通过设置第二绝缘涂层401、第二负极绝缘胶6和第二正极绝缘胶8实现了正极耳2与第二负活性涂层403之间的三重绝缘防护，安全性能得到了极大提升。
在本申请的某些实施例中，正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿第一方向延伸：
正极耳2具有第一宽度，第一宽度的尺寸为W1；
第一绝缘涂层301具有第二宽度，第二宽度的尺寸为W2；
第一凹槽304具有第三宽度，第三宽度的尺寸为W3；
W1、W2、W3，满足：W1≤W2≤W3。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘涂层301的第二宽度与第二绝缘涂层401的宽度相同；第一凹槽304的第三宽度与第二凹槽404的宽度相同。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，正极耳2包括内接部；内接部连接于正极片段1。正极片的延伸方向为第一方向，与第一正极侧平行，且与第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿第二方向延伸：
内接部具有第一长度，第一长度的尺寸为L1；
第一绝缘涂层301具有第二长度，第二长度的尺寸为L2；
第一凹槽304具有第三长度，第三长度的尺寸为L3；
L1、L2、L3，满足：L1≤L2≤L3。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘涂层301的第二长度与第二绝缘涂层401长度相同；第一凹槽304的第三长度与第二凹槽404的长度相同。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；沿第三方向延伸：
第一凹槽304具有第一厚度，第二厚度的尺寸为T1；
第一绝缘涂层301具有第二厚度，第二厚度的尺寸为T2；
第一负极侧的第一负活性涂层303具有第三厚度；第三厚度的尺寸为T3；
T1、T2、T3，满足：1um≤T2≤T1≤T3；或者，T1、T2、T3，满足：T1＜T2≤2T3。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘涂层301的第二厚度与第二绝缘涂层401的厚相同；第一凹槽304的第一厚度与第二凹槽404的厚度相同；第一负活性涂层303的第三厚度与第二负活性涂层403的厚度相同。
针对极耳中置的结构，如上设置，可以保证第一绝缘涂层301能够放置在第一凹槽304内；且能保证第一绝缘涂层301能够整体阻隔正极耳2与第一负活性涂层303的短路接触。
同理，可以保证第二绝缘涂层401能够放置在第二凹槽404内；且能保证第二绝缘涂层401能够整体阻隔正极耳2与第二负活性涂层403的短路接触。
在本申请的某些实施例中，第一凹槽304的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶5；第二凹槽404的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶6，其中，正极片的延伸方向为第一方向，沿第一方向延伸：
第一凹槽304具有第三宽度，第三宽度的尺寸为W3；
第一负极绝缘胶5具有第四宽度，第四宽度的尺寸为W4；
第一正极绝缘胶7具有第五宽度，第五宽度的尺寸为W5；
W3、W4、W5，满足：W3≤W4≤W5。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽304的第三宽度与第二凹槽404的宽度相同；第一负极绝缘胶5的第四宽度与第二负极绝缘胶6的宽度相同；第一正极绝缘胶7的第五宽度与第二正极绝缘胶8的宽度相同。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，正极片的延伸方向为第一方向，与第一正极侧平行，且与第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向。沿第二方向延伸：
第一凹槽304具有第三长度，第三长度的尺寸为L3；
第一负极绝缘胶5具有第四长度，第四长度的尺寸为L4；
第一正极绝缘胶7具有第五长度，第五长度的尺寸为L5；
L3、L4、L5，满足：L3≤L4≤L5。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽304的第三长度与第二凹槽404的长度相同；第一负极绝缘胶5的第四长度与第二负极绝缘胶6的长度相同；第一正极绝缘胶7的第五长度与第二正极绝缘胶8的长度相同。
针对极耳中置的结构，如上设置，可以保证第一负极绝缘胶5能够完全覆盖住第一凹槽304；且能保证第一正极绝缘胶7能够完全覆盖住第一负极绝缘胶5，进而实现了第一绝缘涂层301、第一负极绝缘胶5和第一正极绝缘胶7在正极耳2与第一负活性涂层303之间的三重绝缘防护。
同理，可以保证第二负极绝缘胶6能够完全覆盖住第二凹槽404；以及能够保证第二正极绝缘胶8能够完全覆盖住第二负极绝缘胶6，进而实现了第二绝缘涂层401、第二负极绝缘胶6和第二正极绝缘胶8在正极耳2与第二负活性涂层403之间的三重绝缘防护。
在本申请的某些实施例中，当电芯为常规结构时，即正极耳2设置于正集流体101；第一绝缘涂层301设置于第一负集流体302；第二绝缘涂层401设置于第二负集流体402。
在一些实施例中，在第一正极侧，正极片段1上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶7；且第一正极绝缘胶7覆盖正极耳2；在第二正极侧，正极片段1与正极耳2相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶8。
在一些实施例中，正极耳2包括内接部；内接部连接于正集流体101；正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与第一正极侧平行，且与第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向。
沿第二方向延伸：
内接部具有第一长度，第一长度的尺寸为L1；
第一绝缘涂层301具有第二长度，第二长度的尺寸为L2；
第一正极绝缘胶7具有第五长度，第五长度的尺寸为L5；
第一负集流体302具有第六长度，第六长度的尺寸为L6；
第一负集流体302的第六长度与第二负集流体402的长度相同；
L1、L2、L5、L6，满足：L1≤L2≤L5≤L6。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘涂层301的第二长度与第二绝缘涂层401的长度相同；第一正极绝缘胶7的第五长度与第二正极绝缘胶8的长度相同；进一步地，第一负集流体302的第六长度与第二负集流体402的长度相同。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；
正极耳2包括内接部；内接部连接于正极片段1；
在与第三方向垂直的截面上，第一绝缘涂层301的投影面积覆盖住内接部的投影面积，且第一绝缘涂层301的投影面积与第二绝缘涂层401的投影面积相同。
针对常规结构，如上设置，可以保证第一绝缘涂层301能够完全覆盖住正极耳2；且能够保证第一正极绝缘胶7完全覆盖住第一绝缘涂层301；同时能够保证第一正极绝缘胶7可以完全覆盖住第一负集流体302的表面，例如，第一正极绝缘胶7可覆盖第一负集流体302裸露出的表面，进而实现了第一绝缘涂层301和第一正极绝缘胶7在正极耳2与第一负集流体302之间的双重绝缘防护。
同理，可以保证第二绝缘涂层401能够完全覆盖住正极耳2；且能够保证第二正极绝缘胶8完全覆盖住第二绝缘涂层401；同时能够保证第二正极绝缘胶8可以完全覆盖住第二负集流体402的表面，进而实现了第二绝缘涂层401和第二正极绝缘胶8在正极耳2与第二负集流体402之间的双重绝缘防护。
进一步的，第一绝缘涂层301具有第二厚度，第二厚度的尺寸为T2；
第一负极侧的第一负活性涂层303具有第三厚度，第三厚度的尺寸为T3；
其中，T2、T3，满足：1um≤T2≤2T3。
如上设置，可优先选择第一绝缘涂层301的厚度不超出第一负极片段3的厚度，在保证正极耳2与第一负集流体302绝缘防护的同时，保证了电池的能量密度。也可以选择第一绝缘涂层301的厚度超出第一负极片段3的厚度，实现更有效的绝缘防护。
综上所述，本申请还提供了一种电池，包括电芯；电芯为上文所述的电芯。
由于电池包括上述的电芯，此电池由电芯带来的有益效果请参见上述内容，在此不再赘述。
其中需要说明的，电芯由依次层叠的正极片、隔膜和负极片组成；与一个正极片段2相邻的两负极片段按照设置位置又分为第一负极片段3和第二负极片段4；第一负极片段3位于正极片段2的第一正极侧；第二负极片段4位于正极片段2的第二正极侧。
正集流体101为铝箔。
负集流体为铜箔；负集流体包括第一负集流体302和第二负集流体402。
将正极活性材料、粘结剂、导电剂按一定比例混在NMP溶液中并搅拌均匀后形成正活性涂层102。
将负极活性材料、粘结剂、导电剂及分散剂分散在去离子水中，搅拌均匀，分别得到负活性涂层；负活性涂层包括第一负活性涂层303和第二负活性涂层403。
绝缘涂层包括第一绝缘涂层301和第二绝缘涂层401；绝缘涂层由陶瓷颗粒及粘结剂组成；其中陶瓷颗粒占总重量的30％～99％，粘结剂占总重量的1％～70％。
将陶瓷颗粒、粘结剂按一定比例混在NMP溶液中并搅拌均匀后形成绝缘涂层。
正极活性材料为钴酸锂(LCO)、锰酸锂(LMO)、镍钴锰三元材料(NCM)或磷酸铁锂(LFP)中的一种或多种组合。
负极活性材料为石墨、硅、硅碳或硅氧中的一种或多种组合。
粘结剂为聚偏氟乙烯、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸盐、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚四氟乙烯、聚六氟乙烯或丁苯橡胶中的一种或多种组合。
导电剂为导电炭黑、乙炔黑、科琴黑、导电石墨、导电碳纤维、金属粉或碳纤维中的一种或者多种组合。
陶瓷颗粒为氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化镁、氧化钛、二氧化铪、氧化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化锌、氧化钙、二氧化锆、氧化钇、碳化硅、勃姆石、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙或硫酸钡中的一种或多种组合。
实施例一
请参阅附图1和附图2，图1为实施例一极耳中置结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图2为实施例一极耳中置结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
(1)正极片制备
将正极活性材料、粘结剂、导电剂按一定比例混在NMP溶液中并搅拌均匀后形成正活性涂层。将正活性涂层均匀涂覆在正集流体(即铝箔)的一个表面上。然后在正极集流体的另一个表面上，重复以上步骤，得到双面涂布完成的正极片。
以下实施例中正极活性材料、粘结剂、导电剂的质量比为96：2：2。
针对极耳中置结构，在制片时使用清洗设备在设计位置清洗出极耳安装槽103。
本实施例中，正极耳2的第一宽度W1为6mm，内接部(即焊接端)的第一长度L1为20mm。
第一正极绝缘胶7的第五宽度W5为20mm，第五长度L5为30mm。
第二正极绝缘胶8与第一正极绝缘胶7的宽度和长度相同。
(2)负极片制备
将负极活性材料、导电剂、粘结剂及分散剂分散在去离子水中，搅拌均匀，得到负活性涂层，将负活性涂层涂覆在负集流体(即铜箔)的两个的功能表面上，然后经烘干，得到含有负活性层的负极片。
以下实施例中负极活性材料、导电剂、粘结剂及分散剂的质量比为97：1.2：0.5：1.3。
针对极耳中置结构，在制片时使用清洗设备在设计位置清洗出第一凹槽304，同时根据需要在第一凹槽304内涂覆第一绝缘涂层301；以及使用清洗设备在设计位置清洗出第二凹槽404，同时根据需要在第二凹槽404内涂覆第二绝缘涂层401。
绝缘涂层的制备方法如下：将陶瓷颗粒、粘结剂按质量比为85：15加入至NMP中混合均匀，得到绝缘涂层，将绝缘涂层分别涂覆在第一凹槽304和第二凹槽404内，烘干后即得到第一绝缘涂层301和第二绝缘涂层304。
本实施例中，第一负极侧的第一负活性涂层303与第二负极侧的第二负活性涂层403形状尺寸相同；第一凹槽304与第二凹槽404的形状尺寸相同；第一绝缘涂层301与第二绝缘涂层401的形状尺寸相同；第一负极绝缘胶5和第二负极绝缘胶6的形状尺寸相同。
第一负极侧的第一负活性涂层303的第三厚度T3为50um。
第一凹槽304的第一厚度T1(即清洗深度)为50um；此时，第一凹槽304清洗至第一负集流体302的表面，即第一绝缘涂层301涂覆在第一负极集流体302的表面。
第一绝缘涂层301的第二厚度T2为50um。
第一凹槽304的第三宽度W3为10mm、第三长度L3为25mm。
第一绝缘涂层301的第二宽度W2为8mm、第二长度L2为25mm。
第一负极绝缘胶5的第四宽度W4为18mm、第四长度L4为28mm。
(3)锂离子电池的制备
将上述正极片、隔膜和负极片依次层叠设置，然后经卷绕得到卷芯，将卷芯置于铝塑膜外包装中，向铝塑膜外包装中注入电解液并经过真空密封、静置、化成、整形等工序，得到锂离子电池，这些工序均可以是本领域常规操作，不再赘述。
其中，电解液为锂盐LiPF6与非水有机溶剂碳酸乙烯酯、丙酸丙酯、碳酸二乙酯和碳酸亚丙酯配置而成的溶液；
隔膜为涂覆陶瓷和聚偏氟乙烯的聚乙烯(PE)隔膜。
实施例二
请参阅附图3和附图4，图3为实施例二极耳中置结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图4为实施例二极耳中置结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
在实施例一的基础上，第一绝缘涂层301的第二宽度W2由8mm增加至10mm，其余参数均不变。
与实施例1相比，第一绝缘涂层301由局部填充改变为填满整个第一凹槽304。
本实施例中第一绝缘涂层301与第一凹槽304边缘的第一负活性涂层303相接触。
实施例三
请参阅附图5和附图6，图5为实施例三极耳中置结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图6为实施例三极耳中置结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
与实施例二相比，第一凹槽304上不再设置第一负极绝缘胶5。
实施例四
请参阅附图7和附图8，图7为实施例四极耳中置结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图8为实施例四极耳中置结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
与实施例一相比，第一凹槽304的第一厚度T1(即清洗深度)由50um减小为40um，第一绝缘涂层301涂覆于第一负极活性涂层303的表面，其余参数均与实施例一相同。
实施例五
请参阅附图9和附图10，图9为实施例五常规结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图10为实施例五常规结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
电芯为常规结构，不再在正极片段1的正活性涂层102上开设极耳安装槽103；同时不再在第一负极片段3的第一负活性涂层303上开设第一凹槽304；不再在第二负极片段4的第二负活性涂层403上开设第二凹槽404。
正极耳2焊接在正集流体101的空箔区域；
第一绝缘涂层301涂覆于第一负集流体302；第二绝缘涂层401涂覆于第二负集流体402；
正负极配料、涂覆以及电芯的制备过程均与实施例一相同。
正极耳的第一宽度W1为6mm，内接部(即焊接端)的第一长度L1为20mm。
在第一正极侧，第一正极绝缘胶7覆盖正极耳2；在第二正极侧，第二正极绝缘胶8覆盖正极片段1与正极耳2位置相对区域的空箔。
第一正极绝缘胶7的第五宽度W5为25mm、第五长度L5为30mm；第二正极绝缘胶8与第一正极绝缘胶7的宽度和长度相同。且沿第一方向延伸，第一正极绝缘胶7和第二正极绝缘胶8覆盖住正活性涂层的宽度为2mm。
第一负极侧的第一负活性涂层303的第三厚度T3为50um；第二负极侧的第二负活性涂层403的厚度为50um。
第一绝缘涂层301的第二厚度T2为50um、第二宽度W2为8mm、第二长度为L2为25mm；第一绝缘涂层301上不再设置第一负极绝缘胶5；
第二绝缘涂层401的涂覆厚度为50um、宽度为8mm、长度为25mm；第二绝缘涂层401上不再设置第二负极绝缘胶6。
实施例六
请参阅附图11和附图12，图11为实施例六常规结构电芯的局部结构示意图，其中隔膜被省略；图12为实施例六常规结构电芯中正极片和负极片的展开结构示意图。
与实施例五相比，第一绝缘涂层301和第二绝缘涂层401的长度及宽度均增加，最终达到的效果是，第一负集流体302的头部的空箔区域被第一绝缘涂层301覆盖，第二负集流体402的头部的空箔区域被第二绝缘涂层401覆盖，其余参数均与实施例五保持一致。
实施例七
与实施例一相比，第二负极片段4上不再开设第二凹槽404；同时不设置第二绝缘涂层401；同时保留该区域设置的第二负极绝缘胶6。
实施例八
与实施例七相比，第一绝缘涂层301的第二厚度T2从50um增加至80um，其余参数与实施例七保持一致。
实施例九
与实施例五相比，保留第一绝缘涂层301，不再设置第二绝缘涂层401，其余参数与实施例五保持一致。
实施例十
与实施例九相比，第一绝缘涂层301的第二厚度T2从50um增加至80um，其余参数与实施例九保持一致。
对比例一
电芯为极耳中置结构
与实施例一相比，取消第一凹槽304和第二凹槽404，同时不设置第一绝缘涂层301和第二绝缘涂层401，同时保留第一负极绝缘胶5和第二负极绝缘胶6。
对比例二
电芯为常规结构
与实施例五相比，在第一负集流体302的头部的空箔区域不再设置第一绝缘涂层301，在第二负集流体402的头部的空箔区域不再设置第二绝缘涂层401，其余参数均与实施例五保持一致。
针刺测试方法：
常温下，将电池用0.5C电流，恒流恒压充电至满电，截止电流0.05C；将规格M5(针直径5mm)的针以15mm/s的速度刺入锂电池正极耳位置，并穿出锂电池～3mm距离后，保留30S。
如果电池不冒烟、不燃烧，则记为通过，否则，则记为失效。
每实施例测试50pcs锂离子电池，以通过率作为锂电池安全极限能力的评估指标。

从上述结果来看，针对极耳中置结构电芯，优选在与正极耳位置相对的第一负活性物质上设置第一凹槽，在第一凹槽内设置第一绝缘涂层，在与正极耳位置相对的第二负活性物质上设置第二凹槽，在第二凹槽内设置第二绝缘涂层，并且第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层的厚度越厚安全性越好。但是绝缘涂层厚度过大会影响电池的能量密度，本领域的技术人员可根据实际需要合理的设置绝缘涂层的厚度、涂覆面积等参数。
针对常规卷绕结构电芯(正极耳设置在正极片段的头部)，优选在与正极耳位置相对的第一负集流体上设置第一绝缘涂层，在与正极耳位置相对的第二负集流体上设置第二绝缘涂层，并且绝缘涂层的厚度越厚安全性越好。但是绝缘涂层厚度过大会影响电池的能量密度，本领域的技术人员可根据实际需要合理的设置绝缘涂层的厚度、涂覆面积等参数。
本申请中涉及的部件、装置仅作为例示性的例子并且不意图要求或暗示必须按照附图示出的方式进行连接、布置、配置。如本领域技术人员将认识到的，可以按任意方式连接、布置、配置这些部件、装置。诸如“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等等的词语是开放性词汇，指“包括但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。这里所使用的词汇“或”和“和”指词汇“和/或”，且可与其互换使用，除非上下文明确指示不是如此。这里所使用的词汇“诸如”指词组“诸如但不限于”，且可与其互换使用。
还需要指出的是，在本申请的装置中，各部件是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本申请的等效方案。
提供所公开的方面的以上描述以使本领域的任何技术人员能够做出或者使用本申请。对这些方面的各种修改对于本领域技术人员而言是非常显而易见的，并且在此定义的一般原理可以应用于其他方面而不脱离本申请的范围。因此，本申请不意图被限制到在此示出的方面，而是按照与在此公开的原理和新颖的特征一致的最宽范围。
为了例示和描述的目的已经给出了以上描述。此外，此描述不意图将本申请的实施例限制到在此公开的形式。尽管以上已经讨论了多个示例方面和实施例，但是本领域技术人员将认识到其某些变型、修改、改变、添加和子组合。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电芯，其特征在于，包括正极片、正极耳(2)和负极片；
    所述正极片包括正极片段(1)；
    所述负极片包括第一负极片段(3)；
    所述正极片段(1)面对所述第一负极片段(3)的一侧为第一正极侧；
    所述第一负极片段(3)面对所述第一正极侧的一侧为第一负极侧；
    所述正极耳(2)设置于所述正极片段(1)，且位于所述第一正极侧；
    在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负极片段(3)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置设置有第一绝缘涂层(301)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述第一负极片段(3)包括第一负集流体(302)和涂覆于所述第一负集流体(302)表面的第一负活性涂层(303)；
    在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负活性涂层(303)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置开设有第一凹槽(304)；
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)设置于所述第一凹槽(304)内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一凹槽(304)的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶(5)。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：
    所述正极耳(2)具有第一宽度，所述第一宽度的尺寸为W1；
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二宽度，所述第二宽度的尺寸为W2；
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三宽度，所述第三宽度的尺寸为W3，
    所述W1、所述W2、所述W3，满足：W1≤W2≤W3。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极耳(2)包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正极片段(1)；
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；
    与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：
    所述内接部具有第一长度，所述第一长度的尺寸为L1；
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二长度，所述第二长度的尺寸为L2；
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三长度，所述第三长度的尺寸为L3，
    所述L1、所述L2、所述L3，满足：L1≤L2≤L3。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；沿所述第三方向延伸：
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第一厚度，所述第一厚度的尺寸为T1；
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二厚度，所述第二厚度的尺寸为T2；
    所述第一负极侧的所述第一负活性涂层(303)具有第三厚度，所述第三厚度的尺寸为T3，
    所述T1、所述T2、所述T3，满足：1um≤T2≤T1≤T3；或者，所述T1、所述T2、所述T3，满足：T1＜T2≤2T3。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，所述负极片还包括第二负极片段(4)；
    所述正极片段(1)背对所述第一负极片段(3)的一侧为第二正极侧；
    所述第二负极片段(4)面对所述第二正极侧的一侧为第二负极侧；
    在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负极片段(4)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置设置有第二绝缘涂层(401)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述第二负极片段(4)包括第二负集流体(402)和涂覆于所述第二负集流体(402)表面的第二负活性涂层(403)；
    在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负活性涂层(403)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置开设有第二凹槽(404)；
    所述第二绝缘涂层(401)设置于所述第二凹槽(404)内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二宽度，所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三宽度，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的所述第二宽度与所述第二绝缘涂层(401)的宽度相同，所述第一凹槽(304)的所述第三宽度与所述第二凹槽(404)的宽度相同，
    和/或，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二长度，所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三长度，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的所述第二长度与所述第二绝缘涂层(401)长度相同，所述第一凹槽(304)的所述第三长度与所述第二凹槽(404)的长度相同；
    和/或，
    所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；沿所述第三方向延伸，所述第一凹槽(304)具有第一厚度，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二厚度，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的所述第二厚度与所述第二绝缘涂层(401)的厚相同；所述第一凹槽(304)的所述第一厚度与所述第二凹槽(404)的厚度相同；所述第一负活性涂层(303)的所述第三厚度与所述第二负活性涂层(403)的厚度相同。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述第二凹槽(404)的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶(6)。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片段(1)包括正集流体(101)和涂覆在正集流体(101)表面的正活性涂层(102)；
    在所述第一正极侧，所述正活性涂层(102)上开设有极耳安装槽(103)；
    所述正极耳(2)设置于所述极耳安装槽(103)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    在所述第一正极侧，所述正极片段(1)上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶(7)；且所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)覆盖所述正极耳(2)；
    在所述第二正极侧，所述正极片段(1)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶(8)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述第一凹槽(304)的开口处覆盖有第一负极绝缘胶(5)；
    所述第二凹槽(404)的开口处覆盖有第二负极绝缘胶(6)，其中，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三宽度，所述第三宽度的尺寸为W3；
    所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)具有第四宽度，所述第四宽度的尺寸为W4；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)具有第五宽度，所述第五宽度的尺寸为W5，所述W3、所述W4、所述W5，满足：W3≤W4≤W5，
    和/或，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；
    与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三长度，所述第三长度的尺寸为L3；
    所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)具有第四长度，所述第四长度的尺寸为L4；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)具有第五长度，所述第五长度的尺寸为L5，所述L3、所述L4、所述L5，满足：L3≤L4≤L5。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；沿所述第一方向延伸：
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三宽度，所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)具有第四宽度，所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)具有第五宽度，
    所述第一凹槽(304)的所述第三宽度与所述第二凹槽(404)的宽度相同；
    所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)的所述第四宽度与所述第二负极绝缘胶(6)的宽度相同；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)的所述第五宽度与所述第二正极绝缘胶(8)的宽度相同，
    和/或，
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；
    与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：
    所述第一凹槽(304)具有第三长度，所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)具有第四长度，所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)具有第五长度，
    所述第一凹槽(304)的所述第三长度与所述第二凹槽(404)的长度相同；
    所述第一负极绝缘胶(5)的所述第四长度与所述第二负极绝缘胶(6)的长度相同；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)的所述第五长度与所述第二正极绝缘胶(8)的长度相同。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述负极片还包括第二负极片段(4)；
    所述正极片段(1)背对所述第一负极片段(3)的一侧为第二正极侧；
    所述第二负极片段(4)面对所述第二正极侧的一侧为第二负极侧；
    在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负极片段(4)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置设置有第二绝缘涂层(401)；
    所述第一负极片段(3)包括第一负集流体(302)；
    在所述第一负极侧，所述第一负集流体(302)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置设置有所述第一绝缘涂层(301)；
    所述第二负极片段(4)包括第二负集流体(402)；
    在所述第二负极侧，所述第二负集流体(402)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置设置有所述第二绝缘涂层(401)。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极片段(1)包括正集流体(101)；
    所述正极耳(2)设置于所述正集流体(101)。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    在所述第一正极侧，所述正极片段(1)上覆盖有第一正极绝缘胶(7)；且所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)覆盖所述正极耳(2)；
    在所述第二正极侧，所述正极片段(1)与所述正极耳(2)相对的位置覆盖有第二正极绝缘胶(8)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极耳(2)包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正集流体(101)；
    所述正极片的延伸方向为第一方向；
    与所述第一正极侧平行，且与所述第一方向垂直的方向为第二方向；沿所述第二方向延伸：
    所述内接部具有第一长度，所述第一长度的尺寸为L1；
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)具有第二长度，所述第二长度的尺寸为L2；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)具有第五长度，所述第五长度的尺寸为L5；
    所述第一负集流体(302)具有第六长度，所述第六长度的尺寸为L6；
    其中，
    所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的第二长度与所述第二绝缘涂层(401)的长度相同；
    所述第一正极绝缘胶(7)的第五长度与所述第二正极绝缘胶(8)的长度相同；
    所述L1、所述L2、所述L5、所述L6，满足：L1≤L2≤L5≤L6。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的电芯，其特征在于，
    所述正极耳(2)包括内接部；所述内接部连接于所述正集流体(101)；
    所述正极片的厚度方向为第三方向；
    在与所述第三方向垂直的截面上，所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的投影面积覆盖住所述内接部的投影面积；且所述第一绝缘涂层(301)的投影面积与所述第二绝缘涂层(401)的投影面积相同。
  20. 一种电池，包括电芯；其特征在于，所述电芯为权利要求1-19任一项所述的电芯。
PCT/CN2023/117771 2022-10-26 2023-09-08 一种电芯及电池 WO2024087906A1 (zh)

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