WO2024077491A1 - 壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077491A1
WO2024077491A1 PCT/CN2022/124684 CN2022124684W WO2024077491A1 WO 2024077491 A1 WO2024077491 A1 WO 2024077491A1 CN 2022124684 W CN2022124684 W CN 2022124684W WO 2024077491 A1 WO2024077491 A1 WO 2024077491A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell
protrusion
hole
insulating member
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/124684
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏华圣
邢承友
卓为荣
李全坤
徐春光
王鹏
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/124684 priority Critical patent/WO2024077491A1/zh
Publication of WO2024077491A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077491A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a shell assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the present application provides a shell assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the shell assembly can effectively improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • the present application provides a shell assembly, comprising: a shell member, comprising an inner surface and an outer surface arranged opposite to each other, and a first through hole penetrating the inner surface and the outer surface; an insulating member, at least partially located on the outer surface of the shell member, the insulating member comprising a second through hole connected to the first through hole; an electrode terminal, installed in the first through hole and the second through hole to be insulated and isolated from the shell member by the insulating member; and a flow baffle assembly, the flow baffle assembly being used to prevent liquid from entering a gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal through a gap between the insulating member and the shell member.
  • the shell assembly provided by the technical solution of the present application is provided with a flow-blocking assembly for blocking the electrolyte from flowing into the gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal along the gap between the shell member and the insulating member. Since the shell assembly is provided with the flow-blocking assembly, when the electrolyte is injected into the battery shell to which the shell assembly is applied, the flow-blocking assembly can effectively block the electrolyte from flowing into the gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal through the gap between the shell member and the insulating member, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the shell member and the electrode terminal due to the presence of byproducts of the electrolyte, thereby reducing the risk of corrosion and leakage of the shell of the battery cell, and effectively improving the safety performance and quality of the battery cell.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion protruding from the outer surface, and the first protrusion is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulating member.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion protruding from the outer surface of the shell component.
  • the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface of the shell component can effectively block the electrolyte on the outer surface of the shell component from entering the gap between the shell component and the insulating member, thereby reducing the possibility of electrolyte entering the gap between the shell component and the electrode terminal from the source, and effectively improving the safety of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located.
  • the first protrusion forms a closed annular structure.
  • the first protrusion encloses the insulating member in a closed annular structure formed by the first protrusion, and the first protrusion surrounds the outer circumference of the insulating member, thereby further reducing the possibility of electrolyte entering the gap between the outer shell component and the electrode terminal, further effectively improving the safety of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located.
  • the baffle assembly further includes: a first sealing member, wherein the first sealing member is sandwiched between the first protrusion and the insulating member.
  • the first seal is provided so that the first protrusion is sealed with the insulating member. Even if a small amount of electrolyte overflows the top of the first protrusion and enters between the first protrusion and the insulating member, the first seal can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the housing member and the electrode terminal through the gap between the first protrusion and the insulating member.
  • the electrode terminal and the housing member are effectively prevented from being electronically conductive due to the presence of byproducts of the electrolyte, thereby effectively protecting the insulation of the battery cell housing and improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • At least one of the first protrusion and the insulating member is provided with a first groove, and at least a portion of the first sealing member is located in the first groove.
  • At least one of the first protrusion and the insulating member is provided with a first groove, which serves to accommodate and limit the first sealing member and can effectively improve the sealing effect of the first sealing member, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing between the first protrusion and the insulating member.
  • the first protrusion forms a closed annular structure
  • the first groove is an annular groove arranged on the inner circumference of the first protrusion
  • the first sealing member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the insulating member, and at least part of the first sealing member is located in the first groove.
  • the first protrusion forms a closed annular structure
  • the first groove is an annular groove arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the first protrusion
  • the first sealing member is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the insulating member.
  • the first protrusion is integrally formed with the housing component.
  • the first protrusion is integrally formed with the outer shell component, which can effectively ensure the force stability and compressive strength of the first protrusion, thereby facilitating full play of the first protrusion's blocking effect on the electrolyte and improving the structural stability of the shell assembly.
  • the terminal plate is arranged on the outer side of the shell component along its own thickness direction, the terminal plate is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, at least part of the insulating member is arranged between the terminal plate and the shell component, and the terminal plate is insulated and isolated from the shell component by the insulating member.
  • a terminal plate connected to the electrode terminal is arranged on the outer side of the shell assembly in the thickness direction of the outer shell member, and the arrangement of the terminal plate facilitates the convenience of connecting the battery cell and effectively improves the structural stability and strength of the electrode terminal.
  • At least part of the insulating member is arranged between the terminal plate and the outer shell member, so that the terminal plate and the outer shell member are insulated and isolated.
  • the insulating member includes: a substrate, which is located between the terminal plate and the shell member along the thickness direction of the shell member, and the second through hole is arranged on the substrate; a side plate, which is connected to the substrate, and at least part of the side plate is arranged on one side of the terminal plate along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the shell member.
  • the substrate and side plates of the insulating member provide good insulation protection for the terminal board.
  • the side plates provide a certain limiting effect on the terminal board and effectively improve the adequacy of the insulation protection of the terminal board and the outer shell component by the insulating member.
  • the side plate is in an annular structure arranged around the terminal plate, and the first protrusion is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate.
  • the side plate and the base plate are combined to form a cavity that can accommodate the terminal plate, further improving the limiting and insulation protection effect of the insulating member on the terminal plate.
  • the first protrusion is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the base plate of the insulating member and the outer surface of the shell member, thereby reducing the risk of the electrolyte entering the gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal and conducting the shell member and the electrode terminal, so as to effectively improve the safety of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located.
  • the terminal board includes a first surface facing away from the outer surface, the distance from the first surface to the outer surface is D, and the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface is H, satisfying H ⁇ D.
  • the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface exceeds the first surface of the terminal board, it is easy to cause position interference with the connection between the terminal board and the current-carrying components of the battery, and will occupy too much external space of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located, which is not conducive to improving the space utilization of the battery.
  • Limiting the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface to within the range of not exceeding the first surface of the terminal board can effectively reduce the risk of position interference caused by the first protrusion to the battery connection, and is beneficial to ensuring the energy density of the battery.
  • the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface is H, satisfying that H ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface is too small, it cannot play a good flow blocking effect, and the liquid can easily overflow the first protrusion and enter the gap between the shell component and the insulating component.
  • the height of the first protrusion protruding from the outer surface is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, which can effectively increase the difficulty of the electrolyte on the outer surface overflowing the first protrusion, thereby effectively ensuring the first protrusion's blocking effect on the electrolyte on the outer surface of the end cover.
  • the insulating part includes: a substrate, which is arranged on the outer side of the shell component along its own thickness direction, and the substrate includes a second surface facing the shell component; a boss, which is arranged on the substrate, the boss protrudes from the second surface and is inserted into the first through hole, and the second through hole passes through the substrate and the boss.
  • a boss is provided on the second surface of the insulating member facing the shell member, and the boss is inserted into the first through hole.
  • the provision of the boss can effectively isolate the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal and the hole wall of the first through hole, thereby effectively ensuring the insulating isolation effect of the insulating member on the shell member and the electrode terminal.
  • the boss also limits the relative position of the insulating member and the shell member.
  • the boss can play a certain blocking role, increasing the difficulty of the liquid entering the gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal through the gap between the insulating member and the shell member, thereby playing a certain blocking role on the electrolyte.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second protrusion, which protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the boss and abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole; or, the second protrusion protrudes from the hole wall of the first through hole and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the boss.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second protrusion, which protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the boss and abuts against the wall of the first through hole, or the second protrusion protrudes from the wall of the first through hole and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the boss.
  • the second protrusion can further block the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell component and the electrode terminal through the gap between the boss and the first through hole, avoiding the generation of electronic conduction between the electrode terminal and the shell component due to the presence of the electrolyte, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second seal, which is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the boss and the wall of the first through hole.
  • the boss of the insulating member is sealed and connected with the wall of the first through hole of the shell member, and the second seal can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell member and the electrode terminal through the gap between the boss and the first through hole, thereby preventing the electrode terminal and the shell member from being electronically conductive due to the presence of the electrolyte, so that the shell member will not experience the migration of metal ions due to electronic conductivity, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • a second groove is provided on the hole wall of the first through hole, and at least a portion of the second sealing member is located in the second groove.
  • a second groove is provided on the hole wall of the first through hole, and the second groove plays a role of accommodating and limiting the second sealing member, and can effectively improve the sealing effect of the second sealing member, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing between the boss and the first through hole.
  • the second groove extends to the outer surface of the housing member.
  • the second groove extends to the outer surface of the outer shell component.
  • Such a structure is conducive to the assembly of the shell component.
  • the second seal can be easily embedded in the second groove for positioning, which is conducive to ensuring the sealing effect of the second seal.
  • the insulating part includes a substrate, which is arranged on the outer side of the shell component along its own thickness direction, the substrate includes a second surface facing the shell component, and the second surface is provided with a third groove, and the baffle assembly also includes: a third protrusion, which is protruding from the outer surface and inserted into the third groove.
  • a third groove is provided on the second surface of the insulating member facing the upper surface, a third protrusion is provided on the upper surface of the shell component and the third protrusion is inserted into the third groove, so that a sealed connection is formed between the shell component and the insulating member, thereby preventing the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell component and the electrode terminal along the gap between the shell component and the insulating member, reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the electrode terminal and the shell component, and improving the safety and quality of the battery cell where the shell assembly is located.
  • the third protrusion is a ring-shaped protrusion arranged around the electrode terminal.
  • the third protrusion is an annular protrusion arranged around the electrode terminal to enclose the electrode terminal in a closed space formed by the third protrusion, thereby effectively blocking the electrolyte from approaching the electrode terminal from any direction, further reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the electrode terminal and the shell component.
  • a first liquid injection hole is provided on the shell component.
  • a first liquid injection hole is provided on the outer shell component to facilitate liquid injection into the battery cell where the shell assembly is located through the first liquid injection hole.
  • the present application provides a battery cell comprising the shell assembly described in any of the above schemes.
  • the battery cell includes: a shell having a first opening; and a first end cover for covering the first opening; wherein the outer shell component is the first end cover or the shell.
  • the shell component can be the shell of the battery cell or the end cap of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell where the shell component is located can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell component and the insulating member through the outer surface of the shell or the end cap, and finally entering the gap between the shell component and the electrode assembly, so that the end cap and the shell and the electrode terminal are electronically conductive due to the presence of electrolyte byproducts. This effectively reduces the risk of corrosion and leakage of the shell and the end cap, and effectively improves the safety performance and quality of the battery cell.
  • the shell also has a second opening opposite to the first opening;
  • the battery cell also includes: a second end cover for covering the second opening; the first end cover is the outer shell component, and the second end cover is provided with a second liquid injection hole.
  • the shell has a first opening and a second opening that are relatively arranged.
  • the first end cap covering the first opening is the shell component described in any of the above schemes.
  • the end cap covering the second opening is provided with a second injection hole.
  • the first end cap is provided with a baffle assembly, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell component and the electrode terminal, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the shell component and the shell and the electrode terminal due to the presence of electrolyte by-products.
  • the present application provides a battery comprising a battery cell as described in any of the above schemes.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a battery cell as described in any of the above schemes, the battery cell is used to provide electrical energy; or, comprising a battery as described in the above schemes, the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is an exploded view of a shell assembly provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating member provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a top view of a shell assembly provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of some embodiments along the A-A direction shown in Fig. 8;
  • FIG10 is an exploded view of a shell assembly provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating member provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a top view of a shell assembly provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction shown in Fig. 12;
  • FIG14 is a partial enlarged view of portion C shown in FIG13;
  • Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of some other embodiments along the B-B direction shown in Fig. 12;
  • FIG16 is a partial enlarged view of portion D shown in FIG15 ;
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of some further embodiments along the B-B direction shown in Fig. 12;
  • FIG18 is a partial enlarged view of the portion E shown in FIG17 ;
  • Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of other embodiments along the A-A direction shown in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of some other embodiments along the A-A direction shown in Fig. 8;
  • FIG. 21 is a partial enlarged view of portion F shown in FIG. 20 .
  • Marking description 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-shell assembly; 211-housing member; 211a-first end cover; 211b-second end cover; 2111-first through hole; 2112-outer surface; 212-insulating member; 2121-substrate; 2122-second through hole; 2123-side plate; 2124-boss; 2125-second surface; 213-electrode end sub; 214-first protrusion; 2141-first groove; 215-first seal; 216-terminal board; 2161-first surface; 217-second protrusion; 218-second seal; 219-second groove; 220-insulating member; 221-third protrusion; 222-third groove; 22-shell; 23-electrode assembly; 24-second injection hole; 2201-first opening; 2202-second opening; 200-controller; 300-motor.
  • the term “plurality” refers to more than two (including two).
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. Among them, multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or in mixed connection.
  • the battery may also include a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery cell includes a shell, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the shell provides a storage space for the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the shell generally includes a shell and an end cover. The shell has an opening. The end cover is used to cover the opening of the shell to define a storage space for accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the inventors analyzed the reasons and found that in the related art, electrolyte is injected into the battery shell through the injection hole set on the shell of the battery cell, and the electrolyte easily flows into the gap between the electrode terminal and the shell, which easily causes the shell to corrode. Specifically, when the electrolyte is injected into the battery cell, when the amount of electrolyte inside the battery cell is sufficient, the electrolyte will overflow the battery cell through the injection hole in the reverse direction, and the electrolyte overflowing the battery cell will flow along the outer surface of the shell. In this process, the electrolyte may flow along the gap between the shell and the insulating member to the mounting hole where the electrode terminal is located.
  • the shell There is originally a certain gap between the inner wall of the mounting hole of the shell and the outer wall of the electrode terminal. If the electrolyte enters the gap, the byproduct of the electrolyte will make the electrode terminal and the shell electronically conductive. If the positive electrode terminal is electronically conductive with the shell, the shell will be positively charged, that is, the positive electrode and the shell are at the same potential; if the negative electrode terminal is electronically conductive with the shell, the shell will be negatively charged. Whether the shell is positively charged or negatively charged, it will bring certain safety hazards. In particular, if the shell is negatively charged, it may cause the shell to corrode and leak.
  • the inventor of the present application provides a shell assembly, which is provided with a baffle assembly for blocking the electrolyte from entering the gap between the outer shell and the electrode terminals along the gap between the outer shell and the insulating member.
  • the baffle assembly can effectively block the electrolyte from flowing into the gap between the outer shell and the insulating member into the gap between the outer shell and the electrode terminals, thereby reducing the possibility of the electrolyte entering the gap between the outer shell and the electrode terminals and generating electronic conduction, thereby reducing the risk of corrosion and leakage of the outer shell of the battery cell, and effectively improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell in which the shell assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is located can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.
  • a power supply system comprising the battery cell, battery, etc. disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source
  • the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc.
  • the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the battery described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all electrical devices using batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and driving power requirements of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 may include a box 10 and one or more battery cells 20, and the battery cells 20 are contained in the box 10.
  • the box 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 may adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells 20.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 may be in a variety of shapes, such as a cuboid, a cube, etc.
  • each battery cell 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection.
  • a hybrid connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 10.
  • all battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the whole formed by all battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application, wherein the top and bottom of Figures 3 and 4 are reversed, and M in Figures 3 and 4 represents the injection path of the electrolyte.
  • the battery cell 20 may include a shell and an electrode assembly 23.
  • the shell may include a shell 22 and an end cover.
  • the shell 22 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 23.
  • the shell 22 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, or a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends.
  • the shell 22 may be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the shell 22 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the electrode assembly 23 in the shell 22 may be one or more.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where an electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the electrode assembly 23 may include a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 23 may be a wound structure formed by winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet, or a stacked structure formed by stacking the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the end cap may be a component that closes the opening of the shell 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the end cap and the shell 22 together define a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23, the electrolyte and other components.
  • the shell 22 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends, two end caps may be provided correspondingly, and the two end caps respectively close the two openings of the shell 22, and the two end caps and the shell 22 together define a sealed space.
  • one end cap may be provided correspondingly, and the end cap closes the opening of the shell 22 and defines a sealed space together with the shell 22.
  • the battery cell further includes a shell assembly 21.
  • the shell member 211 of the shell assembly 21 may be the shell body 22 of the shell or the end cover of the shell. It is understood that, depending on the structure of the shell, the shell member 211 may be any wall of the shell of the battery cell 20, or the shell member 211 directly constitutes the shell.
  • the electrode terminal 213 of the shell assembly 21 is used to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 23 to lead out the electrical energy of the battery cell 20.
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of a shell assembly 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shell member 211 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating member 212 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 8 is a top view of a shell assembly 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view in some embodiments along the A-A direction shown in Figure 8.
  • Some embodiments of the present application provide a shell assembly 21, which includes a shell member 211, an insulating member 212, an electrode terminal 213, and a baffle assembly.
  • the shell member 211 includes an inner surface and an outer surface 2112 arranged opposite to each other, and a first through hole 2111 penetrating the inner surface and the outer surface 2112; at least a portion of the insulating member 212 is located on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211, and the insulating member 212 includes a second through hole 2122 connected to the first through hole 2111; the electrode terminal 213 is installed in the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122 to be insulated and isolated from the shell member 211 by the insulating member 212; the baffle assembly is used to prevent liquid from entering the gap between the shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213 through the gap between the insulating member 212 and the shell member 211.
  • the shell member 211 can be any wall portion used to form a shell for accommodating the electrode assembly 23, and the shell member 211 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211 refers to the surface of the outer shell member 211 facing away from the electrode assembly 23, and the inner surface of the outer shell member 211 refers to the surface of the outer shell member 211 facing the electrode assembly 23.
  • the outer surface 2112 and the inner surface of the outer shell member 211 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction X of the outer shell member 211.
  • the electrode terminal 213 is a component for outputting the electric energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the electrode terminals 213 on the outer shell member 211 can be one group or two groups. If the electrode terminals 213 on the outer shell member 211 are one group, the battery cell 20 can be provided with two shell assemblies 21, and the electrode terminals 213 in the two shell assemblies 21 are respectively connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 23. If two groups of electrode terminals 213 are provided on the outer shell member 211, the shell 22 can be provided with one shell assembly 21, and the two groups of electrode terminals 213 are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 23.
  • the insulating member 212 is a component used to insulate and isolate the shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213. At least part of the insulating member 212 is located on the outside of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X, which means that at least part of the insulating member 212 is located on the side of the shell member 211 away from the electrode assembly 23.
  • the insulating member 212 is made of an insulating material. The material of the insulating member 212 can be selected from: polypropylene, polycarbonate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyester resin and other insulating and electrolyte-resistant materials.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a second through hole 2122, which is connected to the first through hole 2111 and passes through the insulating member 212.
  • the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122 are used to allow the electrode terminal 213 to pass therethrough, so that part of the electrode terminal 213 is exposed on the inner side of the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X to be connected to the electrode assembly 23, and another part of the electrode terminal 213 is exposed on the outer side of the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X to lead out the electrical energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the baffle assembly is used to prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211 and the insulating member 212, and there are various implementation forms of the baffle assembly.
  • the baffle assembly can be arranged at the outer periphery of the insulating member 212 to prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the insulating member 212 and the outer shell member 211, or between the insulating member 212 and the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211, or between the insulating member 212 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, and can prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211 and the insulating member 212 and the gap between the outer shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213.
  • Various implementation forms of the baffle assembly will be introduced later.
  • the baffle assembly can effectively block the electrolyte from flowing into the gap between the shell member 211 and the insulating member 212 into the gap between the shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213 due to the presence of electrolyte by-products, thereby reducing the risk of corrosion and leakage of the shell of the battery cell 20, and effectively improving the safety performance and quality of the battery cell 20.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion 214 protruding from an outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211 , and the first protrusion 214 is arranged on the outer periphery of the insulating member 212 .
  • the first protrusion 214 protrudes a certain height from the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211, and the first protrusion 214 can extend along the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211 to form a closed or open annular structure.
  • the first protrusion 214 can also be arranged on one side or multiple locations of the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 (for example, arranged on the side of the insulating member 212 facing the main flow direction of the liquid on the shell member 211, so as to specifically block the liquid). It should be understood that one first protrusion 214 can be set, or multiple first protrusions 214 can be set around the outer circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • the first protrusion 214 and the outer shell member 211 may be sealed and connected by welding, gluing or the like to ensure the barrier effect on the electrolyte.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211.
  • the first protrusion 214 can effectively block the electrolyte on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211 from entering the gap between the shell member 211 and the insulating member 212, thereby reducing the possibility of the electrolyte entering the gap between the shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213 from the source, effectively improving the safety of the battery cell 20.
  • the first protrusion 214 forms a closed annular structure.
  • the first protrusion 214 extends along the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 on the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211 and surrounds a closed annular region, and the insulating member 212 is located in the annular region.
  • the shape and size of the closed annular area surrounded by the first protrusion 214 can match the cross-sectional shape and size of the insulating member 212.
  • the first protrusion 214 forms a rectangular ring structure on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211.
  • the shape of the closed annular area surrounded by the first protrusion 214 can also be different from the cross-sectional shape of the insulating member 212.
  • the first protrusion 214 encloses the insulating member 212 in a closed annular structure formed by the first protrusion 214 , and the first protrusion 214 surrounds the outer periphery of the insulating member 212 , thereby further reducing the possibility of electrolyte entering the gap between the outer shell component 211 and the electrode terminal 213 , further effectively improving the safety of the battery cell 20 in which the shell assembly 21 is located.
  • the baffle assembly further includes a first sealing member 215 , and the first sealing member 215 is sandwiched between the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212 .
  • first seal 215 may correspond to the position and number of the first protrusion 214, and the length of the first seal 215 extending along the circumferential direction of the insulating member 212 may also correspond to the size of the first protrusion 214 in this direction.
  • first seal 215 may also extend along the circumferential direction of the first protrusion 214 to form a closed annular structure.
  • the first seal 215 may be a sealing ring to cover the gap that may exist between the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214 and the outer circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • the first seal 215 By providing the first seal 215, the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212 are sealed and connected. Even if a small amount of electrolyte overflows the top of the first protrusion 214 and enters between the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212, the first seal 215 can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the outer shell member 211 and the insulating member 212 through the gap between the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212, and then through the gap between the outer shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213.
  • the electrode terminal 213 and the outer shell member 211 are effectively prevented from being electronically connected due to the presence of the byproduct of the electrolyte, thereby effectively protecting the insulation of the outer shell of the battery cell 20 and improving the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • At least one of the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212 is provided with a first groove 2141 , and at least a portion of the first sealing member 215 is located in the first groove 2141 .
  • the first groove 2141 can be provided on the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214, or on the outer circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214 and the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 are both provided with the first groove 2141, and the first groove 2141 can extend along the circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • At least one of the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212 is provided with a first groove 2141, which serves to accommodate and limit the first sealing member 215 and can effectively improve the sealing effect of the first sealing member 215, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing between the first protrusion 214 and the insulating member 212.
  • the first protrusion 214 forms a closed annular structure
  • the first groove 2141 is an annular groove arranged on the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214
  • the first seal 215 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the insulating member 212
  • at least a portion of the first seal 215 is located in the first groove 2141.
  • a first groove 2141 is provided on the inner circumference of the first protruding portion 214 in a closed annular shape, and the first groove 2141 extends along the circumference of the first protruding portion 214 to form an annular groove.
  • the first sealing member 215 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • the insulating member 212 is provided on the inner ring of the first protruding portion 214, and a portion of the first sealing member 215 sleeved on the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 is embedded in the first groove 2141 on the inner circumference of the first protruding portion 214, so that the inner circumference of the first protruding portion 214 and the outer circumference of the insulating member 212 are sealed.
  • the first groove 2141 is arranged on the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214, and the first seal 215 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the insulating member 212.
  • Such a setting structure is simple, convenient for manufacturing and grouping of the shell assembly 21, and effectively ensures the sealing effect of the first seal 215.
  • the first protrusion 214 is integrally formed with the housing member 211 .
  • the first protrusion 214 is integrally formed with the shell component 211 , which can effectively ensure the force stability and compressive strength of the first protrusion 214 , thereby facilitating full play of the first protrusion 214 's blocking effect on the electrolyte and improving the structural stability of the shell component 21 .
  • the shell assembly 21 also includes a terminal plate 216, which is located on the outer side of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X, and the terminal plate 216 is connected to the electrode terminal 213. At least a portion of the insulating member 212 is arranged between the terminal plate 216 and the shell member 211, and the terminal plate 216 is insulated and isolated from the shell member 211 by the insulating member 212.
  • the terminal plate 216 and the electrode terminal 213 can be connected in a variety of ways, such as welding, riveting, etc.
  • the terminal plate 216 is provided to facilitate the fixation and connection of the electrode terminal 213, improve the convenience of connecting the battery cell 20, and effectively improve the structural stability and strength of the electrode terminal 213.
  • At least part of the insulating member 212 is provided between the terminal plate 216 and the housing member 211, so that the terminal plate 216 and the housing member 211 are insulated and isolated.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121 and a side plate 2123, along the thickness direction X of the shell member 211, the substrate 2121 is located between the terminal plate 216 and the shell member 211, the second through hole 2122 is provided on the substrate 2121, the side plate 2123 is connected to the substrate 2121, and at least a portion of the side plate 2123 is arranged on one side of the terminal plate 216 along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the shell member 211.
  • the substrate 2121 may be substantially in a plate-like structure and is located between the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211 and the side of the terminal plate 216 facing the housing member 211.
  • the second through hole 2122 is provided on the substrate 2121 and penetrates the substrate 2121, and the second through hole 2122 is connected to the first through hole 2111 provided on the housing member 211.
  • the first direction may be any direction in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X.
  • the substrate 2121 and the side plate 2123 may be integrally formed or separately provided and connected to each other.
  • the side plate 2123 may be entirely provided on one side of the terminal plate 216 along the first direction, or only partially provided on one side of the terminal plate 216 along the first direction, and the side plate 2123 may extend along the circumference of the terminal plate 216.
  • the substrate 2121 and the side plate 2123 of the insulating member 212 provide good insulation protection for the terminal plate 216 . Meanwhile, the side plate 2123 provides a certain limit to the terminal plate 216 and effectively improves the adequacy of the insulation protection provided by the insulating member 212 to the terminal plate 216 and the outer shell component 211 .
  • the side plate 2123 is in an annular structure arranged around the terminal plate 216 , and the first protrusion 214 is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate 2123 .
  • the side plate 2123 is arranged around the substrate 2121 and extends along the circumference of the substrate 2121 to form a closed annular structure.
  • the side plate 2123 and the substrate 2121 together form a cavity for accommodating the terminal plate 216.
  • the terminal plate 216 is located on the outside of the shell member 211 along the rear end direction and is arranged in the cavity.
  • the first protrusion 214 is disposed around the outer circumference of the side plate 2123 to form a closed annular structure, so as to enclose the base plate 2121 of the insulating member 212 and the side plate 2123 within the inner circle of the first protrusion 214 .
  • the baffle assembly also includes a first seal 215, and the first seal 215 is arranged on the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214 and the outer circumference of the insulating member 212", the first seal 215 can be arranged between the inner circumference of the first protrusion 214 and the outer circumference of the side plate 2123 to ensure a seal between the first protrusion 214 and the side plate 2123.
  • the base plate 2121 and the side plate 2123 of the insulating member 212 enclose a cavity for accommodating the terminal plate 216, effectively ensuring that the insulating member 212 is sufficiently insulated from the terminal plate 216 and the outer shell member 211.
  • the first protrusion 214 is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate 2123, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the base plate 2121 of the insulating member 212 and the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211 through any position of the outer periphery of the insulating member 212, thereby reducing the risk of the electrolyte entering the first through hole 2111 and conducting the outer shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213, so as to effectively improve the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the terminal plate 216 includes a first surface 2161 facing away from the outer surface 2112, the distance between the first surface 2161 and the outer surface 2112 is D, and the height of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 is H, satisfying H ⁇ D.
  • the end of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 may be flush with the first surface 2161 of the terminal plate 216, or may be lower than the side of the terminal plate 216 facing away from the housing member 211.
  • the height H of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 is less than the distance D from the first surface 2161 of the terminal plate 216 to the outer surface 2112.
  • the height of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 exceeds the first surface 2161 of the terminal plate 216, it is easy to cause position interference with the connection between the terminal plate 216 and the current-carrying components of the battery 100, and will occupy too much external space of the battery cell 20 where the shell assembly 21 is located, which is not conducive to improving the space utilization rate of the battery 100.
  • Limiting the height of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 to a range that does not exceed the first surface 2161 of the terminal plate 216 can effectively reduce the risk of position interference caused by the first protrusion 214 on the connection of the battery 100, and is beneficial to ensuring the energy density of the battery 100.
  • the height of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211 is H, satisfying that H ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the height H of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 of the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X of the outer shell member 211 can be any value greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, for example, H can be 0.5 mm, 0.52 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, etc.
  • H can be 0.5 mm, 0.52 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, etc.
  • H may be less than or equal to 2 mm, so that the first protrusion 214 can fully play a blocking role on the electrolyte while reducing the material loss of the first protrusion 214, and avoid the first protrusion 214 from occupying too much external space of the battery cell 20 or causing position interference with other components.
  • H is 1 mm.
  • the height of the first protrusion 214 protruding from the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, which can effectively increase the difficulty of the electrolyte on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211 flowing over the first protrusion 214, thereby effectively ensuring the first protrusion 214's blocking effect on the electrolyte on the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of the shell assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating member 212 provided in other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 12 is a top view of the shell assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view along the B-B direction shown in Figure 12.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121 and a boss 2124, the substrate 2121 is located on the outer side of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X, the substrate 2121 includes a second surface 2125 facing the shell member 211, the boss 2124 protrudes from the second surface 2125 and is inserted into the first through hole 2111, and the second through hole 2122 passes through the substrate 2121 and the boss 2124.
  • the substrate 2121 may be generally plate-shaped, and the substrate 2121 is located on the side of the shell member 211 away from the electrode assembly 23.
  • the boss 2124 protrudes from the side of the substrate 2121 facing the shell member 211 and is inserted into the first through hole 2111 located on the shell member 211.
  • the second through hole 2122 passes through the substrate 2121 and the boss 2124 and is connected to the first through hole 2111.
  • the electrode terminal 213 is inserted into the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122.
  • the arrangement of the boss 2124 effectively isolates the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal 213 that penetrates the first through hole 2111 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, so that the electrode terminal 213 and the shell member 211 are isolated from each other.
  • a boss 2124 is provided on the second surface 2125 of the insulating member 212 facing the shell component 211, and the boss 2124 is inserted into the first through hole 2111.
  • the setting of the boss 2124 can effectively isolate the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal 213 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, thereby effectively ensuring the insulating isolation effect of the insulating member 212 on the shell component 211 and the electrode terminal 213.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second protrusion 217, the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124, and the second protrusion 217 abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole 2111; or, the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, and the second protrusion 217 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 can be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124, and the outer peripheral surface of the second protrusion 217 abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second protrusion 217 can be in line contact with the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, or in surface contact with the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second protrusion 217 is in surface contact with the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second protrusion 217 can be integrally formed with the boss 2124, or it can be separately arranged with the boss 2124, and installed on the boss 2124 by means of clamping, bonding, welding, etc.
  • the second protrusion 217 may extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111 and form an annular flange on the outer circumferential surface of the boss 2124 .
  • the second protrusion 217 can be integrally formed with the insulating member 212. This prevents the possibility of displacement and missing of the second protrusion 217, and effectively ensures that the second protrusion 217 blocks the gap between the first through hole 2111 and the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 can protrude from the side of the boss 2124 close to the substrate 2121, or from the side of the boss 2124 away from the substrate 2121. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG.
  • the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the side of the boss 2124 close to the substrate 2121, and abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 at one end facing the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211, thereby blocking the electrolyte from entering the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111, and preventing the electrolyte from continuing to penetrate through the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111 and entering the gap between the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 and the electrode terminal 213.
  • the second protrusion 217 can also be arranged on the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, and the inner circumference of the second protrusion 217 abuts against the outer circumference of the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 can be in line contact with the outer circumference of the boss 2124, or in surface contact with the outer circumference of the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 is in surface contact with the outer circumference of the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 can be integrally formed with the shell member 211, or it can be separately arranged with the shell member 211, and fixed to the shell member 211 by means of clamping, bonding, welding, etc.
  • the second protrusion 217 may extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111 and form an annular flange on the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 .
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of some other embodiments in the B-B direction shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 16 is a partial enlarged view of the D portion shown in Figure 15.
  • the second protrusion 217 can protrude from the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 and be integrally formed with the housing member 211.
  • the second protrusion 217 may protrude from one end of the first through hole 2111 facing the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211, or may protrude from the middle position of the axial direction of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second protrusion 217 protrudes from one end of the first through hole 2111 facing the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211, and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of one end of the boss 2124 close to the substrate 2121, thereby blocking the electrolyte from entering the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111, and preventing the electrolyte from continuing to penetrate through the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111 and entering the gap between the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 and the electrode terminal 213.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second protrusion 217, which protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124 and abuts against the wall of the first through hole 2111, or the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the wall of the first through hole 2111 and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124.
  • the second protrusion 217 can further block the risk of electrolyte entering the gap between the shell component 211 and the electrode terminal 213 through the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111, thereby avoiding electronic conduction between the electrode terminal 213 and the shell component 211 due to the presence of electrolyte, and avoiding the migration of metal ions in the shell component 211 due to electronic conduction, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of some other embodiments in the B-B direction shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 18 is a partial enlarged view of the E part shown in Figure 17.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second sealing member 218, which is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second seal 218 can extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111 to form a closed annular structure.
  • the second seal 218 can be a sealing ring, and the second seal 218 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the boss 2124 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, so that the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 and the boss 2124 are sealed.
  • the first protrusion 214, the second protrusion 217 and the second sealing member 218 can be present in the same shell component 21 at the same time, or any one of them can be present in a shell component 21 alone, or any two of them can be present in the same shell component 21.
  • the second sealing member 218 can be arranged on the side of the second sealing member 218 facing the substrate 2121, and can also be arranged on the side of the second protrusion 217 facing away from the substrate 2121.
  • the second sealing member 218 can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 of the outer shell member 211 and the electrode terminal 213 through the gap between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111. This prevents the electrode terminal 213 and the outer shell member 211 from being electronically conductive due to the presence of the electrolyte, thereby preventing the outer shell member 211 from experiencing metal ion migration due to electronic conductivity, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • a second groove 219 is provided on the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 , and at least a portion of the second sealing member 218 is located in the second groove 219 .
  • the second groove 219 can extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111 to form an annular groove on the wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second seal 218 is located between the boss 2124 and the wall of the first through hole 2111, and part of the second seal 218 is embedded in the second groove 219.
  • the second groove 219 serves to accommodate and limit the second sealing member 218 , and can effectively improve the sealing effect of the second sealing member 218 , thereby effectively ensuring the sealing between the boss 2124 and the first through hole 2111 .
  • the second groove 219 extends to the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211 .
  • the second groove 219 is disposed at the junction of the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111, and the second groove 219 forms a sinking area at one end of the first through hole 2111 facing the outer surface 2112 of the shell member 211.
  • Such a structure is conducive to the assembly of the shell assembly 21.
  • the shell assembly 21 may further include an insulating member 220, and the insulating member 220 is located on the side of the outer shell member 211 away from the insulating member 212.
  • the insulating member 220 may be a thin sheet structure.
  • the material of the insulating member 220 may be an insulating and electrolyte-resistant material such as polypropylene, polycarbonate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester resin, etc.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121, which is arranged on the outer side of the shell component 211 along its own thickness direction X, and the substrate 2121 includes a second surface 2125 facing the shell component 211, and the second surface 2125 is provided with a third groove 222.
  • the baffle assembly also includes: a third protrusion 221, which is protruding from the outer surface 2112 and inserted into the third groove 222.
  • one or more third protrusions 221 may be provided, and correspondingly, the number and position of the third grooves 222 correspond to the third protrusions 221. All or part of the third protrusion 221 is inserted into the third groove 222, so that the third protrusion 221 and the third groove 222 abut against each other to form a sealing assembly, so that the liquid on one side of the sealing assembly cannot pass through the sealing assembly and flow to the other side of the sealing assembly.
  • the third protrusion 221 can extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111.
  • the third protrusion 221 can also extend along the circumference of the first through hole 2111 to form a closed ring.
  • a third groove 222 is provided on the second surface 2125 of the insulating member 212 facing the upper surface, and a third protrusion 221 is provided on the upper surface of the shell component 211 and the third protrusion 221 is inserted into the third groove 222, so that a sealed connection is formed between the shell component 211 and the insulating member 212, thereby preventing the electrolyte from entering the gap between the shell component 211 and the electrode terminal 213 along the gap between the shell component 211 and the insulating member 212, reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the electrode terminal 213 and the shell component 211, and improving the safety and quality of the battery cell 20 where the shell assembly 21 is located.
  • the third protrusion 221 is an annular protrusion arranged around the electrode terminal 213 .
  • the third protrusion 221 is an annular protrusion arranged around the electrode terminal 213
  • the third groove 222 can be correspondingly an annular groove arranged around the electrode terminal 213 .
  • the third protrusion 221 and the third groove 222 can be configured as a circular ring, a rectangular ring or other ring shapes.
  • the third protrusion 221 and the third groove 222 have corresponding positions and sizes so that the third protrusion 221 can be smoothly inserted into the third groove 222.
  • a plurality of third protrusions 221 may be provided, and each of the plurality of third protrusions is an annular protrusion disposed around the electrode terminal 213. Accordingly, a plurality of third grooves 222 may also be provided, and correspond to the third protrusions 221 one by one.
  • the third protrusion 221 is an annular protrusion arranged around the electrode terminal 213 to enclose the electrode terminal 213 in a closed space formed by the third protrusion 221, thereby effectively blocking the electrolyte from approaching the electrode terminal 213 from any direction, further reducing the possibility of electronic conduction between the electrode terminal 213 and the shell component 211.
  • a first liquid injection hole is provided on the shell component 211 .
  • the outer shell component 211 is provided with a first liquid injection hole, and the first liquid injection hole can be used to inject electrolyte into the battery cell 20 where the shell component 21 is located.
  • Some embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 20 , and the battery cell 20 includes a shell assembly 21 of any of the above solutions.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 20, including a shell 22 and a first end cover 211a, the shell 22 has a first opening 2201, and the first end cover 211a is used to cover the first opening 2201.
  • the outer shell component 211 is the first end cover 211a or the shell 22.
  • the outer shell component 211 may be a first end cover 211a, or may be a housing 22 having a first opening 2201.
  • the outer shell component 211 is a first end cover 211a, that is, the shell component 21 forms an end cover component of the battery cell 20.
  • the shell 22 also has a second opening 2202 opposite to the first opening 2201, and the battery cell 20 also includes a second end cover 211b, which is used to cover the second opening 2202; wherein the first end cover 211a is a shell component 211, and the second end cover 211b is provided with a second liquid injection hole 24.
  • first end cap 211a and the second end cap 211b one is a positive end cap and the other is a negative end cap.
  • first end cap 211a is a negative end cap and the second end cap 211b is a positive end cap.
  • the first end cap 211a can be a negative end cap and the second end cap 211b is a positive end cap and is provided with a second injection hole 24.
  • the shell assembly 21 where the first end cover 211a is located is provided with a flow blocking assembly, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte from entering the gap between the first end cover 211a and the electrode terminal 213.
  • the shell assembly 21 where the negative end cover is located is provided with a flow blocking assembly, which can effectively prevent the shell 22 of the battery cell 20 from being negatively charged, thereby preventing the shell 22 and the end cover from corroding and leaking due to negative charge.
  • first end cover 211a and the second end cover 211b may both be the outer shell component 211 of any of the above solutions.
  • Some embodiments of the present application further provide a battery 100 comprising the battery cell 20 described in any of the above schemes.
  • Some embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, including the battery cell 20 described in any of the above schemes, the battery cell 20 is used to provide electrical energy; or, including the battery 100 described in the above schemes, the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a shell assembly 21, which includes a shell member 211, an insulating member 212, an electrode terminal 213, a terminal plate 216, and a baffle assembly.
  • the shell member 211 includes a first through hole 2111, which penetrates the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X of the shell member 211.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121, a side plate 2123, and a boss 2124.
  • the substrate 2121 is located on the outer side of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X.
  • the substrate 2121 includes a second surface 2125 facing the shell member 211, and the boss 2124 protrudes from the second surface 2125.
  • the substrate 2121 is provided with a second through hole 2122, which penetrates the substrate 2121 and the boss 2124 and is connected to the first through hole 2111, and the electrode terminal 213 is installed in the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122.
  • the terminal plate 216 is located outside the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X and is connected to the electrode terminal 213. In the thickness direction X, the substrate 2121 is located between the terminal plate 216 and the outer shell member 211, and the side plate 2123 is arranged around the substrate 2121.
  • the substrate 2121 and the side plate 2123 form a cavity for accommodating the terminal plate 216, and the terminal plate 216 is located in the cavity.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion 214 and a first seal 215.
  • the first protrusion 214 protrudes from the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211.
  • the first protrusion 214 is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate 2123 to form a closed annular structure.
  • the first seal 215 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the first protrusion 214 and the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 2123.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a shell assembly 21, which includes a shell member 211, an insulating member 212, an electrode terminal 213, a terminal plate 216, and a baffle assembly.
  • the shell member 211 includes a first through hole 2111, which penetrates the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X of the shell member 211.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121, a side plate 2123, and a boss 2124.
  • the substrate 2121 is located on the outer side of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X.
  • the substrate 2121 includes a second surface 2125 facing the shell member 211, and the boss 2124 protrudes from the second surface 2125.
  • the substrate 2121 is provided with a second through hole 2122, which penetrates the substrate 2121 and the boss 2124 and is connected to the first through hole 2111.
  • the electrode terminal 213 is installed in the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122.
  • the terminal plate 216 is located outside the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X and is connected to the electrode terminal 213. In the thickness direction X, the substrate 2121 is located between the terminal plate 216 and the outer shell member 211, and the side plate 2123 is arranged around the substrate 2121.
  • the substrate 2121 and the side plate 2123 form a cavity for accommodating the terminal plate 216, and the terminal plate 216 is located in the cavity.
  • the baffle assembly includes a second protrusion 217 and a second sealing member 218.
  • the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the outer circumference of the boss 2124 and extends along the circumference of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second protrusion 217 abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • the second sealing member 218 is disposed between the outer circumference of the boss 2124 and the hole wall of the first through hole 2111.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a shell assembly 21, which includes a shell member 211, an insulating member 212, an electrode terminal 213, a terminal plate 216, and a baffle assembly.
  • the shell member 211 includes a first through hole 2111, which penetrates the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X of the shell member 211.
  • the insulating member 212 includes a substrate 2121, a side plate 2123, and a boss 2124.
  • the substrate 2121 is located on the outer side of the shell member 211 along the thickness direction X.
  • the substrate 2121 includes a second surface 2125 facing the shell member 211, and the boss 2124 protrudes from the second surface 2125.
  • the substrate 2121 is provided with a second through hole 2122, which penetrates the substrate 2121 and the boss 2124 and is connected to the first through hole 2111, and the electrode terminal 213 is installed in the first through hole 2111 and the second through hole 2122.
  • the terminal plate 216 is located outside the outer shell member 211 along the thickness direction X and is connected to the electrode terminal 213. In the thickness direction X, the substrate 2121 is located between the terminal plate 216 and the outer shell member 211, and the side plate 2123 is arranged around the substrate 2121.
  • the substrate 2121 and the side plate 2123 form a cavity for accommodating the terminal plate 216, and the terminal plate 216 is located in the cavity.
  • the baffle assembly includes a first protrusion 214 and a first seal 215.
  • the first protrusion 214 protrudes from the outer surface 2112 of the housing member 211.
  • the first protrusion 214 is arranged around the outer periphery of the side plate 2123 to form a closed annular structure.
  • the first seal 215 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the first protrusion 214 and the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 2123.
  • the baffle assembly further includes a second protrusion 217 and a third protrusion 221 .
  • the second protrusion 217 protrudes from the outer circumferential surface of the boss 2124 and extends along the circumferential direction of the first through hole 2111 .
  • the second protrusion 217 abuts against the hole wall of the first through hole 2111 .
  • the second surface 2125 defines a third groove 222 .
  • the third protrusion 221 is protruded from the outer surface 2112 and inserted into the third groove 222 .
  • the same shell component 21 can be provided with only any one of the first protrusion 214, the second protrusion 217, the third protrusion 221 and the second seal 218, or can be provided with any two, any three or all of the first protrusion 214, the second protrusion 217, the third protrusion 221 and the second seal 218.

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置,壳组件,包括:外壳构件,包括相对设置的内表面和外表面,以及贯穿所述内表面和所述外表面的第一通孔;绝缘件,至少部分位于所述外壳构件的外表面,所述绝缘件包括与所述第一通孔连通的第二通孔;电极端子,安装于所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔,以通过所述绝缘件与所述外壳构件绝缘隔离;以及挡流组件,所述挡流组件用于阻挡液体经所述绝缘件和所述外壳构件之间的缝隙进入所述外壳构件和所述电极端子之间的缝隙。本申请技术方案提供的壳组件有效降低了外壳构件与电极端子因为存在电解液的副产物而出现电子导通的可能性,进而降低了电池单体的外壳腐蚀漏液的风险,有效提高了电池单体的安全性能和质量。

Description

壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键,电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言,电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术中,如何提高电池的安全性,是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置,该壳组件可使电池单体的安全性得到有效提高。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种壳组件,包括:外壳构件,包括相对设置的内表面和外表面,以及贯穿所述内表面和所述外表面的第一通孔;绝缘件,至少部分位于所述外壳构件的外表面,所述绝缘件包括与所述第一通孔连通的第二通孔;电极端子,安装于所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔,以通过所述绝缘件与所述外壳构件绝缘隔离;以及挡流组件,所述挡流组件用于阻挡液体经所述绝缘件和所述外壳构件之间的缝隙进入所述外壳构件和所述电极端子之间的缝隙。
本申请技术方案提供的壳组件,设置了用于阻挡电解液顺着外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙进入到外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙的挡流组件。由于壳组件设置了挡流组件,所以在向应用该壳组件的电池壳体内注入电解液时,挡流组件能够有效阻挡电解液经外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙流入到外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙中,从而有效降低了外壳构件与电极端子因为存在电解液的副产物而出现电子导通的可能性,进而降低了电池单体的外壳腐蚀漏液的风险,有效提高了电池单体的安全性能和质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,挡流组件包括凸出于外表面的第一凸出部,第一凸出部布置于绝缘件的外周。
上述技术方案中,挡流组件包括凸出于外壳构件外表面的第一凸出部,凸出于外壳构件外表面的第一凸出部可有效阻挡外壳构件外表面的电解液进入外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙,从而从源头降低电解液进入外壳构件与电极端子之间的缝隙的可能性,有效提高壳组件所在的电池单体的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部形成封闭的环形结构。
上述技术方案中,第一凸出部将绝缘件围在第一凸出部形成的封闭的环形结构中,第一凸出部包围绝缘件的外周,从而进一步降低电解液进入外壳构件与电极端子之间的缝隙的可能性,进一步有效提高壳组件所在的电池单体的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,挡流组件还包括:第一密封件,第一密封件夹设于第一凸出部和绝缘件之间。
上述技术方案中,通过设置第一密封件,使得第一凸出部与绝缘件之间密封连接,即使少量电解液漫过第一凸出部的顶端进入第一凸出部与绝缘件之间,第一密封件也可有效防止电解液经第一凸出部和绝缘件之间的缝隙进入外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙的问题。有效防止电极端子和外壳构件由于存在电解液的副产物产生电子导通,从而有效保护电池单体外壳的绝缘性,提高了电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部和绝缘件的至少一者设置有第一凹槽,第一密封件 的至少部分位于第一凹槽内。
上述技术方案中,第一凸出部和绝缘件的至少一者设置第一凹槽,第一凹槽对第一密封件起到容置、限位作用,且可有效提高第一密封件的密封作用,从而有效保证第一凸出部和绝缘件之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部形成封闭的环形结构,第一凹槽为设置于第一凸出部的内周面的环形凹槽,第一密封件套设于绝缘件的外周面,第一密封件的至少部分位于第一凹槽内。
上述技术方案中,第一凸出部形成封闭的环形结构,第一凹槽为设置于第一凸出部的内周面的环形凹槽,同时第一密封件套设于绝缘件的外周面,这样的设置有利于在第一凸出部和绝缘件之间形成环形密封,保障凸出部和绝缘件之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部与外壳构件一体成型。
上述技术方案中,第一凸出部与外壳构件一体成型,可有效保证第一凸出部的受力稳定性和耐压强度,从而有利于充分发挥第一凸出部对电解液的阻挡作用,且有利于提高壳组件的结构稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,端子板,设置于外壳构件的沿自身厚度方向的外侧,端子板与电极端子电连接,绝缘件的至少部分设置于端子板和外壳构件之间,端子板通过绝缘件与外壳构件绝缘隔离。
上述技术方案中,壳组件的位于外壳构件厚度方向的外侧设置与电极端子连接的端子板,端子板的设置便于提高电池单体的连接的便捷性,且有效提高电极端子的结构稳定性和强度。绝缘件的至少部分设置于端子板和外壳构件之间,使得端子板与外壳构件之间绝缘隔离。
根据本申请的一些实施例,绝缘件包括:基板,沿所述外壳构件的厚度方向,所述基板位于所述端子板和所述外壳构件之间,所述第二通孔设置于所述基板;侧板,连接于所述基板,至少部分所述侧板布置于所述端子板沿第二方向的一侧,所述第二方向垂直于所述外壳构件的厚度方向。
上述技术方案中,绝缘件的基板和侧板对端子板起到良好的绝缘防护作用,同时,侧板对端子板起到一定的限位作用,且有效提高绝缘件对端子板与外壳构件的绝缘防护的充分性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,侧板呈环绕布置于端子板周围的环形结构,第一凸出部围设于侧板的外周。
上述技术方案中,侧板和基板合围形成可容置端子板的空腔,进一步提高绝缘件对端子板的限位及绝缘防护效果。第一凸出部围设在侧板的外周,可有效阻挡电解液进入绝缘件的基板和外壳构件外表面之间的缝隙,进而降低电解液进入外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙并导通外壳构件和电极端子的风险,以有效提高壳组件所在的电池单体的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,端子板包括背离外表面的第一表面,第一表面到外表面的距离为D,第一凸出部凸出于外表面的高度为H,满足,H≤D。
上述技术方案中,如果第一凸出部凸出于外表面的高度超出端子板的第一表面,则容易对端子板与电池的过流部件的连接造成位置干涉,且会过多占用壳组件所在电池单体的外部空间,不利于提高电池的空间利用率,将第一凸出部凸出于外表面的高度限制在不超出端子板的第一表面的范围内,可有效降低第一凸出部对电池连接造成位置干涉的风险,且有利于保障电池的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部凸出于所述外表面的高度为H,满足,H≥0.5mm。
上述技术方案中,如果第一凸出部凸出于外表面的高度过小,则无法起到很好的阻流效果,液体容易漫过第一凸出部而进入外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙,第一凸出部凸出于外表面的高度大于等于0.5mm,可有效增加外表面的电解液漫过第一凸出部的难度,从而有效保证第一凸出部对端盖外表面的电解液的阻挡作用。
根据本申请的一些实施例,绝缘件包括:基板,设置于外壳构件的沿自身厚度方向的外侧,基板包括朝向外壳构件的第二表面;凸台,设置于基板上,凸台凸出于第二表面且插入第一通孔,第二通孔贯穿基板和凸台。
上述技术方案中,绝缘件的朝向外壳构件的第二表面设置凸台,凸台插入第一通孔,凸台的设置可有效隔离电极端子的外周面和第一通孔的孔壁,从而有效保证绝缘件对外壳构件和电极端 子的绝缘隔离效果。且凸台对绝缘件和外壳构件的相对位置起到限位作用,同时,凸台可起到一定的阻挡作用,增加液体经绝缘件与外壳构件之间的缝隙进入外壳构件与电极端子之间的缝隙的难度,从而对电解液起到一定阻挡作用。
根据本申请的一些实施例,挡流组件包括第二凸出部,第二凸出部凸出于凸台的外周面,第二凸出部与第一通孔的孔壁抵接;或,第二凸出部凸出于第一通孔的孔壁,第二凸出部与凸台的外周面抵接。
上述技术方案中,挡流组件包括第二凸出部,第二凸出部凸出于凸台外周面且抵接第一通孔孔壁,或者第二凸出部凸出于第一通孔孔壁且抵接于凸台外周面,第二凸出部可进一步阻挡电解液经凸台与第一通孔之间的缝隙进入外壳构件与电极端子的之间的缝隙,避免电极端子和外壳构件之间由于存在电解液而产生电子导通,提高了壳组件所在的电池单体的安全性能。根据本申请的一些实施例,挡流组件包括第二密封件,第二密封件设置于凸台的外周面和第一通孔的孔壁之间。
上述技术方案中,通过设置第二密封件,使得绝缘件的凸台与外壳构件的第一通孔孔壁之间密封连接,第二密封件可有效防止电解液经凸台和第一通孔之间的缝隙进入外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙。避免电极端子和外壳构件由于存在电解液而电子导通,从而使得外壳构件不会因为电子导通而出现金属离子的迁移现象,提高了电池单体的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一通孔的孔壁设置有第二凹槽,第二密封件的至少部分位于第二凹槽内。
上述技术方案中,第一通孔的孔壁设置第二凹槽,第二凹槽对第二密封件起到容置、限位作用,且可有效提高第二密封件的密封作用,从而有效保证凸台和第一通孔之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第二凹槽延伸至外壳构件的外表面。
上述技术方案中,第二凹槽延伸至外壳构件的外表面,这样的结构有利于壳组件的组装,在壳组件组装过程中,便于第二密封件能够容易的嵌入第二凹槽进行限位,有利于保证第二密封件的密封效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例,绝缘件包括基板,基板设置于外壳构件的沿其自身厚度方向的外侧,基板包括朝向外壳构件的第二表面,第二表面开设有第三凹槽,挡流组件还包括:第三凸出部,凸设于所述外表面且插设于所述第三凹槽中。
上述技术方案中,绝缘件朝向上表面的第二表面设置第三凹槽,外壳构件的上表面设置第三凸出部且第三凸出部插设于第三凹槽中,使得外壳构件和绝缘件之间形成密封连接,从而起到防止电解液顺着外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙进入外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙的作用,降低电极端子和外壳构件产生电子导通的可能性,提高壳组件所在的电池单体的安全性和质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第三凸出部呈环绕布置于电极端子周围的环形凸起。
上述技术方案中,第三凸出部呈环绕布置于电极端子周围的环形凸起,以将电极端子围在第三凸出部形成的封闭空间内,从而有效阻挡电解液从任意方向靠近电极端子,进一步降低电极端子和外壳构件产生电子导通的可能性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,外壳构件上开设有第一注液孔。
上述技术方案中,外壳构件上开设有第一注液孔,以便于经第一注液孔向壳组件所在的电池单体内注液。
第二方面,本申请提供了一种电池单体,包括上述任一方案所述的壳组件。
根据本申请的一些实施例,所述电池单体包括:壳体,具有第一开口;第一端盖,用于盖合第一开口;其中,外壳构件为第一端盖或壳体。
上述技术方案中,外壳构件可以为电池单体的壳体,也可以为电池单体的端盖。壳组件所在的电池单体可有效防止电解液经壳体或端盖的外表面进入外壳构件和绝缘件之间的缝隙,并最终进入外壳构件和电极组件之间的缝隙,使得端盖以及壳体与电极端子因为存在电解液的副产物而出现电子导通。从而有效降低壳体和端盖腐蚀漏液的风险,有效提高了电池单体的安全性能和质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,所述壳体还具有与所述第一开口相对的第二开口;所述电池单体还包括:第二端盖,用于盖合所述第二开口;所述第一端盖为所述外壳构件,所述第二端盖设置有第二注液孔。
上述技术方案中,壳体具有相对设置的第一开口和第二开口,盖合第一开口的第一端盖为上述任一方案所述的外壳构件,盖合第二开口的端盖设置有第二注液孔,组装电池单体时可通过该 第二注液孔向电池单体内注入电解液,当电池单体发生电解液注液喷液时,电解液经注液孔喷出并会顺着壳体外表面流至第一端盖的外表面,第一端盖设置挡流组件,可有效防止电解液进入外壳构件和电极端子之间的缝隙中,有效降低了外壳构件以及壳体与电极端子因为存在电解液的副产物而出现电子导通的可能性。
第三方面,本申请提供了一种电池,包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体。
第四方面,本申请提供了一种用电装置,包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体,电池单体用于提供电能;或者,包括以上方案所述的电池,电池用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图;
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图;
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图;
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的壳组件的爆炸图;
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的外壳构件的结构示意图;
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的绝缘件的结构示意图;
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的壳组件的俯视图;
图9为图8所示的A-A方向的在一些实施例中的剖视图;
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的壳组件的爆炸图;
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的绝缘件的结构示意图;
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的壳组件的俯视图;
图13为图12所示的B-B方向的剖视图;
图14为图13所示的C部分的局部放大图;
图15为图12所示的B-B方向的又一些实施例中的剖视图;
图16为图15所示的D部分的局部放大图;
图17为图12所示的B-B方向的再一些实施例中的剖视图;
图18为图17所示的E部分的局部放大图;
图19为图8所示的A-A方向的在另一些实施例中的剖视图;
图20为图8所示的A-A方向的在又一些实施例中的剖视图;
图21为图20所示的F部分的局部放大图。
在附图中,附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明:1000-车辆;100-电池;10-箱体;11-第一部分;12-第二部分;20-电池单体;21-壳组件;211-外壳构件;211a-第一端盖;211b-第二端盖;2111-第一通孔;2112-外表面;212-绝缘件;2121-基板;2122-第二通孔;2123-侧板;2124-凸台;2125-第二表面;213-电极端子;214-第一凸出部;2141-第一凹槽;215-第一密封件;216-端子板;2161-第一表面;217-第二凸出部;218-第二密封件;219-第二凹槽;220-绝缘构件;221-第三凸出部;222-第三凹槽;22-壳体;23-电极组件;24-第二注液孔;2201-第一开口;2202-第二开口;200-控制器;300-马达。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此,以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请 的范围,而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案,因此只作为示例,而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中,术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,技术术语“设置”“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接、信号连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。其中,多个电池单体之间可以串联、并联或者混联。电池还可以包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
本申请中,电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
电池单体包括外壳、电极组件和电解液,电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。外壳为电极组件和电解液提供容置空间,外壳一般包括壳体和端盖,壳体具有开口,端盖用于盖合壳体的开口,以限定出用于容纳电极组件和电解液的容纳空间。
如何提高电池的安全性能,是电池技术发展中的一个亟需解决的问题,发明人发现,电池单体的外壳容易腐蚀,存在较大安全隐患。
为了有效提高电池单体的安全性,发明人分析其原因发现,相关技术中,会通过设置在电池单体的外壳上的注液孔向电池壳体内注入电解液,电解液容易流入电极端子和外壳之间的缝隙中,从而易使壳体外壳腐蚀。具体而言,向电池单体内部注入电解液时,当电池单体内部电解液的量足够后,电解液会反向经注液孔往出溢出电池单体,溢出电池单体的电解液会顺着外壳的外表面流动。在此过程中,电解液可能会沿着外壳和绝缘件之间的缝隙往电极端子所在的安装孔流动,外壳的安装孔内壁和电极端子的外壁之间原本具有一定的缝隙,如果电解液进入该缝隙,则电解液的副产物会使电极端子与外壳电子导通。如果是正极电极端子与外壳电子导通,则会导致外壳带正电,即正极和外壳处于相同电位;如果负极电极端子与外壳电子导通,则会使得外壳带负电,外壳 无论带正电还是带负电,都会带来一定的安全隐患。尤其是,如果外壳带负电可能会引发外壳被腐蚀而漏液的现象。
基于以上原因,为了减少甚至杜绝电极端子与外壳发生电子导通的现象,本申请发明人提供了一种壳组件,该壳组件设置了用于阻挡电解液顺着外壳和绝缘件之间的缝隙进入到外壳和电极端子之间的缝隙的挡流组件,在向该壳组件所在的电池壳体内注入电解液时,挡流组件能够有效阻挡电解液经外壳和绝缘件之间的缝隙流入到外壳和电极端子之间的缝隙中,从而降低电解液进入外壳和电极端子之间的缝隙中而产生电子导通的可能性,进而降低了电池单体的外壳腐蚀漏液的风险,有效提高了电池单体的安全性能。
本申请实施例公开的壳组件所在的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置,用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中,电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等,航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
本申请的实施例描述的电池不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置,还可以适用于所有使用电池的用电装置,但为描述简洁,以下实施例以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100,电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电,例如,电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300,控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在其他一些实施例中,电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图,电池100可以包括箱体10和一个或多个电池单体20,电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中,箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间,箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中,箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12,第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合,第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构,第一部分11可以为板状结构,第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧,以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间;第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构,第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然,第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状,比如,长方体、正方体等。
在电池100中,各个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。在一些实施例中,多个电池单体20可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体10内。在另一些实施例中,所有电池单体20直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
请参照图3和图4,图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构示意图,图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图,其中,图3和图4的顶底颠倒,图3和图4中的M代表电解液的注液路径。电池单体20可以包括外壳和电极组件23。外壳可以包括壳体22和端盖,壳体22是用于容纳电极组件23的部件,壳体22可以是一端形成开口的空心结构,壳体22也可以是两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体22可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。壳体22的材质可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。壳体22内的电极组件23可以是一个,也可以是多个。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件23可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件23可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构,也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
端盖可以是封闭壳体22的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖与壳体22共同限定出用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件的密封空间。在电池单体20中,端盖可以是一个,也可以是两个。在壳体22为两端形成开口的空心结构的实施例中,端盖可以对 应设置两个,两个端盖分别封闭壳体22的两个开口,两个端盖与壳体22共同限定出密封空间。在壳体22为一端开口的空心结构的实施例中,端盖可以对应设置一个,端盖封闭壳体22的开口并与壳体22共同限定出密封空间。
其中,电池单体还包括壳组件21,壳组件21的外壳构件211可以是外壳的壳体22也可以是外壳的端盖,可以理解的是,根据外壳的结构不同,外壳构件211可以是电池单体20的外壳的任意壁部,或者外壳构件211直接构成外壳。壳组件21的电极端子213用于与电极组件23电连接,以引出电池单体20的电能。
请参照图5至图9,图5为本申请一些实施例提供的壳组件21的爆炸图;图6为本申请一些实施例提供的外壳构件211的结构示意图;图7为本申请一些实施例提供的绝缘件212的结构示意图;图8为本申请一些实施例提供的壳组件21的俯视图;图9为图8所示的A-A方向的在一些实施例中的剖视图。本申请一些实施例提供了一种壳组件21,该壳组件21包括外壳构件211、绝缘件212、电极端子213和挡流组件组件。外壳构件211包括相对设置的内表面和外表面2112,以及贯穿内表面和外表面2112的第一通孔2111;绝缘件212的至少部分位于外壳构件211的外表面2112,绝缘件212包括与第一通孔2111连通的第二通孔2122;电极端子213安装于第一通孔2111及第二通孔2122,以通过绝缘件212与外壳构件211绝缘隔离;挡流组件用于阻挡液体经绝缘件212和外壳构件211之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙。
如前所述,外壳构件211可以是用于形成容纳电极组件23的外壳的任意壁部,外壳构件211的材质可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
外壳构件211的外表面2112是指外壳构件211的背离电极组件23的表面,外壳构件211的内表面是指外壳构件211的朝向电极组件23的表面。外壳构件211的外表面2112和内表面沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X相对设置。
电极端子213是用于输出电池单体20的电能的部件,外壳构件211上的电极端子213可以是一组,也可以是两组。若外壳构件211上的电极端子213是一组,则电池单体20可以设置两个壳组件21,两个壳组件21中的电极端子213分别连接电极组件23的正极极耳和负极极耳。若外壳构件211上的电极端子213设置有两组,壳体22可以设置一个壳组件21,两组电极端子213分别与电极组件23的正极极耳和负极极耳电连接。
绝缘件212是用于将外壳构件211和电极端子213绝缘隔离的部件,绝缘件212的至少部分位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,是指绝缘件212的至少部分位于外壳构件211的背离电极组件23的一侧,绝缘件212采用绝缘材质制成,绝缘件212的材质可以选用:聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚四氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、涤纶树脂等绝缘和耐电解液的材料。
绝缘件212包括第二通孔2122,第二通孔2122与第一通孔2111连通且贯穿绝缘件212,第一通孔2111和第二通孔2122用于供电极端子213穿设其中,使得电极端子213的部分裸露于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的内侧以与电极组件23连接,电极端子213的另一部分裸露于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧以将电池单体20的电能引出。
挡流组件用于阻挡电解液经外壳构件211的外表面2112和绝缘件212之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙,挡流组件的实施形式有多种,挡流组件可以设置于绝缘件212的外周以阻挡电解液进入绝缘件212和外壳构件211之间的缝隙,也可以设置在绝缘件212和外壳构件211的外表面2112之间,也可以设置在绝缘件212和第一通孔2111的孔壁之间,能够阻挡电解液经外壳构件211的外表面2112和绝缘件212之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙即可。挡流组件的多种实现方式将在后文介绍。
由于壳组件21设置了挡流组件,所以在向应用该壳组件21的电池100壳体22内注入电解液时,挡流组件能够有效阻挡电解液经外壳构件211和绝缘件212之间的缝隙流入到外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙中,从而有效降低了外壳构件211与电极端子213因为存在电解液的副产物而出现电子导通的可能性,进而降低了电池单体20的外壳腐蚀漏液的风险,有效提高了电池单体20的安全性能和质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,如图5至图9所示,挡流组件包括凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112的第一凸出部214,第一凸出部214布置于绝缘件212的外周。
也就是说,第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211的外表面2112一定高度,第一凸出部214在外壳构件211的外表面2112上可以沿绝缘件212的外周延伸形成封闭或不封闭的环形结构,当然,第一凸出部214也可以设置于绝缘件212的外周某一侧或多处(比如,设置于绝缘件212的迎 向液体在外壳构件211上的主要流动方向的一侧,以针对性的阻拦液体),应理解,第一凸出部214可以设置一个,也可以绕绝缘件212的外周设置多个。
其中,第一凸出部214和外壳构件211可以采用焊接、胶粘等方式密封连接,以保证对电解液的阻挡作用。
挡流组件包括凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112的第一凸出部214,第一凸出部214可有效阻挡外壳构件211外表面2112的电解液进入外壳构件211和绝缘件212之间的缝隙,从而从源头降低电解液进入外壳构件211与电极端子213之间的缝隙的可能性,有效提高电池单体20的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部214形成封闭的环形结构。
具体而言,第一凸出部214在外壳构件211的外表面2112上沿绝缘件212的外周延伸并围成封闭的环形区域,绝缘件212位于该环形区域内。
第一凸出部214围成的封闭的环形区域的形状和尺寸可以和绝缘件212的横截面形状、尺寸相匹配。比如,绝缘件212的在垂直于外壳构件211的厚度方向X的平面内的形状为矩形,则第一凸出部214在外壳构件211外表面2112围成矩形环结构。当然,第一凸出部214围成的封闭的环形区域的形状也可以和绝缘件212的横截面形状不相同。
第一凸出部214将绝缘件212围在第一凸出部214形成的封闭的环形结构中,第一凸出部214包围绝缘件212的外周,从而进一步降低电解液进入外壳构件211与电极端子213之间的缝隙的可能性,进一步有效提高壳组件21所在的电池单体20的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,如图7至图9所示,挡流组件还包括第一密封件215,第一密封件215夹设于第一凸出部214和绝缘件212之间。
可以理解的是,第一密封件215可以与第一凸出部214的位置、数量相对应,第一密封件215沿绝缘件212的周向延伸的长度也可以与第一凸出部214在该方向上的尺寸对应,当第一凸出部214形成封闭的环形结构时,第一密封件215也可以沿第一凸出部214的周向延伸形成封闭的环形结构。比如,第一密封件215可采用密封圈,以覆盖第一凸出部214的内周面和绝缘件212的外周面之间可能存在的缝隙。
通过设置第一密封件215,使得第一凸出部214与绝缘件212之间密封连接,即使少量电解液漫过第一凸出部214的顶端而进入第一凸出部214与绝缘件212之间的风险,第一密封件215也可有效防止电解液经第一凸出部214和绝缘件212之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211和绝缘件212之间的缝隙、进而经外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙的问题。有效防止电极端子213和外壳构件211由于存在电解液的副产物产生电子导通,从而有效保护电池单体20外壳的绝缘性,提高了电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部214和绝缘件212的至少一者设置有第一凹槽2141,第一密封件215的至少部分位于第一凹槽2141内。
具体而言,第一凹槽2141可以设置于第一凸出部214的内周面,也可以设置于绝缘件212的外周面。或者,第一凸出部214的内周面和绝缘件212的外周面均设置有第一凹槽2141,第一凹槽2141可以沿绝缘件212的周向延伸。
第一凸出部214和绝缘件212的至少一者设置第一凹槽2141,第一凹槽2141对第一密封件215起到容置、限位作用,且可有效提高第一密封件215的密封作用,从而有效保证第一凸出部214和绝缘件212之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,如图9所示,第一凸出部214形成封闭的环形结构,第一凹槽2141为设置于第一凸出部214的内周面的环形凹槽,第一密封件215套设于绝缘件212的外周面,第一密封件215的至少部分位于第一凹槽2141内。
具体而言,在呈封闭的环形的第一凸出部214的内周面设置第一凹槽2141,第一凹槽2141沿第一凸出部214的周向延伸形成环形凹槽。第一密封件215套设于绝缘件212的外周面,壳组件21成组后,绝缘件212设置于第一凸出部214的内圈,套设在绝缘件212外周面的第一密封件215的部分嵌入第一凸出部214的内周面的第一凹槽2141,使得第一凸出部214的内周面与绝缘件212的外周面之间密封。
第一凹槽2141设置于第一凸出部214的内周面,同时第一密封件215套设于绝缘件212的外周面,这样的设置结构简单、便于壳组件21的制造和成组,且有效保证了第一密封件215的 密封效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一凸出部214与外壳构件211一体成型。
第一凸出部214与外壳构件211一体成型,可有效保证第一凸出部214的受力稳定性和耐压强度,从而有利于充分发挥第一凸出部214对电解液的阻挡作用,且有利于提高壳组件21的结构稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请再次参照图5,壳组件21还包括端子板216,端子板216位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,端子板216与电极端子213连接,绝缘件212的至少部分设置于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,端子板216通过绝缘件212与外壳构件211绝缘隔离。
端子板216与电极端子213可以采用多种方式连接,比如:焊接、铆接等。端子板216的设置便于电极端子213的固定和连接,提高电池单体20的连接的便捷性,且有效提高电极端子213的结构稳定性和强度。绝缘件212的至少部分设置于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,使得端子板216与外壳构件211之间绝缘隔离。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请继续参照图5,并进一步参照图7至图9,绝缘件212包括基板2121和侧板2123,沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X,基板2121位于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,第二通孔2122设置于基板2121,侧板2123连接于基板2121,至少部分侧板2123布置于端子板216沿第一方向的一侧,第一方向垂直于外壳构件211的厚度方向X。
具体而言,基板2121可以大致呈板状结构且位于外壳构件211的外表面2112和端子板216的朝向外壳构件211的一侧之间。第二通孔2122设置于基板2121且贯穿基板2121,第二通孔2122与设置在外壳构件211上的第一通孔2111连通。
可以理解的是,第一方向可以为垂直于厚度方向X的平面内的任意方向。基板2121和侧板2123可以一体成型也可以分体设置并相互连接。侧板2123可以全部设置于端子板216沿第一方向的一侧,侧板2123也可以仅部分设置于端子板216沿第一方向的一侧,侧板2123可以沿端子板216的周向延伸。
绝缘件212的基板2121和侧板2123对端子板216起到良好的绝缘防护作用,同时,侧板2123对端子板216起到一定的限位作用,且有效提高绝缘件212对端子板216与外壳构件211的绝缘防护的充分性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,侧板2123呈环绕布置于端子板216周围的环形结构,第一凸出部214围设于侧板2123的外周。
具体而言,侧板2123围设于基板2121的周围且沿基板2121的周向延伸形成封闭的环形结构,侧板2123与基板2121合围形成容纳端子板216的空腔,端子板216位于外壳构件211的沿后端方向的外侧且设置于该空腔内。
第一凸出部214围设于侧板2123的外周形成闭合的环形结构,以将绝缘件212的基板2121和侧板2123合围在第一凸出部214的内圈。
基于“挡流组件还包括第一密封件215,第一密封件215设置于第一凸出部214的内周面和绝缘件212的外周面”的实施形式,第一密封件215可以设置于第一凸出部214的内周面和侧板2123的外周面之间,以使第一凸出部214和侧板2123之间密封。
绝缘件212的基板2121和侧板2123围成容纳端子板216的空腔,有效保证绝缘件212对端子板216和外壳构件211的绝缘隔离的充分性。第一凸出部214围设在侧板2123的外周,可有效阻挡电解液经绝缘件212外周的任意位置进入绝缘件212的基板2121和外壳构件211外表面2112之间的缝隙,进而降低电解液进入第一通孔2111内并导通外壳构件211和电极端子213的风险,以有效提高电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,端子板216包括背离外表面2112的第一表面2161,第一表面2161到外表面2112的距离为D,第一凸出部214凸出于外表面2112的高度为H,满足,H≤D。
具体而言,第一凸出部214凸出于外表面2112的末端可以与端子板216的第一表面2161平齐,也可以低于端子板216的背离外壳构件211的一侧。示例性的,如图9所示,第一凸出部214凸出于外表面2112的高度H小于端子板216的第一表面2161到外表面2112的距离D。
如果第一凸出部214凸出于外表面2112的高度超出端子板216的第一表面2161,则容易对端子板216与电池100的过流部件的连接造成位置干涉,且会过多占用壳组件21所在电池单体20的外部空间,不利于提高电池100的空间利用率,将第一凸出部214凸出于外表面2112的高度 限制在不超出端子板216的第一表面2161的范围内,可有效降低第一凸出部214对电池100连接造成位置干涉的风险,且有利于保障电池100的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,如图9所示,第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112的高度为H,满足,H≥0.5mm。
具体而言,第一凸出部214沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112的高度H可以是大于等于0.5mm的任意数值,比如,H可以为0.5mm、0.52mm、0.55mm、0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、2mm等。第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211的外表面2112的高度越高,电解液漫过第一凸出部214的可能性越小,第一凸出部214对电解液的阻挡作用越充分可靠。
在一些实施例中,H可以小于等于2mm,以使第一凸出部214充分发挥对电解液的阻挡作用的同时降低第一凸出部214的材料损耗,并避免第一凸出部214过多占用电池单体20的外部空间或与其他零部件造成位置干涉。示例性的,H为1mm。
第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112的高度大于等于0.5mm,可有效增加外壳构件211外表面2112的电解液漫过第一凸出部214的难度,从而有效保证第一凸出部214对外壳构件211外表面2112的电解液的阻挡作用。
根据本申请的另一些实施例,请参照图10至图13,图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的壳组件21的爆炸图;图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的绝缘件212的结构示意图;图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的壳组件21的俯视图;图13为图12所示的B-B方向的剖视图。绝缘件212包括基板2121和凸台2124,基板2121位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,基板2121包括朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125,凸台2124凸出于第二表面2125且插入第一通孔2111,第二通孔2122贯穿基板2121和凸台2124。
基板2121可以大致呈板状,基板2121位于外壳构件211的背离电极组件23的一侧,凸台2124凸出于基板2121的朝向外壳构件211的一侧且插入位于外壳构件211上的第一通孔2111,第二通孔2122贯穿基板2121和凸台2124并与第一通孔2111连通。电极端子213穿设于第一通孔2111和第二通孔2122内,凸台2124的设置,有效隔离电极端子213的穿入第一通孔2111的外周面和第一通孔2111的孔壁,使得电极端子213和外壳构件211相互隔离开。
绝缘件212的朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125设置凸台2124,凸台2124插入第一通孔2111,凸台2124的设置可有效隔离电极端子213的外周面和第一通孔2111的孔壁,从而有效保证绝缘件212对外壳构件211和电极端子213的绝缘隔离效果。
根据本申请的另一些实施例,请继续参照图13并进一步参照图14,图14为图13所示的C部分的局部放大图;挡流组件包括第二凸出部217,第二凸出部217凸出于凸台2124的外周面,第二凸出部217与第一通孔2111的孔壁抵接;或,第二凸出部217凸出于第一通孔2111的孔壁,第二凸出部217与凸台2124的外周面抵接。
具体而言,第二凸出部217可以设置于凸台2124的外周面,第二凸出部217的外周面与第一通孔2111的孔壁抵接。其中,第二凸出部217可以与第一通孔2111的孔壁线接触,也可以与第一通孔2111的孔壁面接触。示例性的,第二凸出部217与第一通孔2111的孔壁面接触。第二凸出部217可以与凸台2124一体成型,也可以与凸台2124分体设置,并通过卡接、粘接、焊接等方式安装于凸台2124。
其中,第二凸出部217可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸并在凸台2124的外周面上形成环形凸缘。
第二凸出部217可以与绝缘件212一体成型。以防止第二凸出部217移位、漏装的可能性,有效保证第二凸出部217封堵第一通孔2111和凸台2124之间的缝隙的效果。第二凸出部217可以凸出于凸台2124的靠近基板2121的一侧,也可以凸出于凸台2124的背离基板2121的一侧。示例性的,如图14所示,第二凸出部217凸出于凸台2124靠近基板2121的一侧,与第一通孔2111的朝向外壳构件211的外表面2112的一端的孔壁抵接,从而阻挡电解液进入凸台2124与第一通孔2111之间的缝隙,避免电解液经凸台2124与第一通孔2111之间的缝隙继续深入而进入第一通孔2111的孔壁与电极端子213之间的缝隙。
当然,第二凸出部217也可以设置于第一通孔2111的孔壁,第二凸出部217的内周面与凸台2124的外周面抵接。其中,第二凸出部217可以与凸台2124的外周面线接触,也可以与凸台2124的外周面面接触。示例性的,第二凸出部217与凸台2124的外周面面接触。第二凸出部217可以与外壳构件211一体成型,也可以与外壳构件211分体设置,并通过卡接、粘接、焊接等方式 固定于外壳构件211。
其中,第二凸出部217可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸并在第一通孔2111的孔壁形成环形凸缘。
请参照图15和图16,图15为图12所示的B-B方向的又一些实施例中的剖视图;图16为图15所示的D部分的局部放大图。第二凸出部217可以凸出于第一通孔2111的孔壁,并与外壳构件211一体成型。
第二凸出部217可以凸出于第一通孔2111的朝向外壳构件211的外表面2112的一端,也可以凸出于第一通孔2111的轴向的中间位置。示例性的,如图16所示,第二凸出部217凸出于第一通孔2111的朝向外壳构件211的外表面2112的一端,与凸台2124的靠近基板2121的一端的外周面抵接,从而阻挡电解液进入凸台2124与第一通孔2111之间的缝隙,避免电解液经凸台2124与第一通孔2111之间的缝隙继续深入而进入第一通孔2111的孔壁与电极端子213之间的缝隙。
挡流组件包括第二凸出部217,第二凸出部217凸出于凸台2124外周面且抵接第一通孔2111孔壁,或者第二凸出部217凸出于第一通孔2111孔壁且抵接于凸台2124外周面,第二凸出部217可进一步阻挡电解液经凸台2124与第一通孔2111之间的风险进入外壳构件211与电极端子213的之间的缝隙,避免电极端子213和外壳构件211之间由于存在电解液而电子导通,避免外壳构件211因为电子导通而出现金属离子的迁移现象,提高了电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的再一些实施例,请再次参照图11和图12,并进一步参照图17和图18,图17为图12所示的B-B方向的再一些实施例中的剖视图;图18为图17所示的E部分的局部放大图。挡流组件包括第二密封件218,第二密封件218设置于凸台2124的外周面和第一通孔2111的孔壁之间。
具体而言,第二密封件218可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸形成封闭的环形结构,比如,第二密封件218可以为密封圈,第二密封件218设置在凸台2124的外周面和第一通孔2111的孔壁之间,使得第一通孔2111的孔壁和凸台2124之间密封。
可以理解的是,第一凸出部214、第二凸出部217和第二密封件218可以三者同时存在于同一个壳组件21,也可以任一一者单独存在于一个壳组件21,或任意两者存在于同一个壳组件21。并且,基于“挡流组件包括第二凸出部217和第二密封件218”的实施形式,第二密封件218可以设置于第二密封件218的朝向基板2121的一侧,也可以设置于第二凸出部217的背离基板2121的一侧。
第二密封件218可有效防止电解液经凸台2124和第一通孔2111之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211的第一通孔2111的孔壁和电极端子213之间的缝隙。避免电极端子213和外壳构件211由于存在电解液而电子导通,从而使得外壳构件211不会因为电子导通而出现金属离子的迁移现象,提高了电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请继续参照图18,第一通孔2111的孔壁设置有第二凹槽219,第二密封件218的至少部分位于第二凹槽219内。
具体而言,第二凹槽219可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸,在第一通孔2111的孔壁形成环形槽,第二密封件218位于凸台2124和第一通孔2111的孔壁之间,且第二密封件218的部分嵌设于第二凹槽219内。
第二凹槽219对第二密封件218起到容置、限位作用,且可有效提高第二密封件218的密封作用,从而有效保证凸台2124和第一通孔2111之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,如图18所示,第二凹槽219延伸至外壳构件211的外表面2112。
具体而言,第二凹槽219设置在外壳构件211的外表面2112和第一通孔2111的孔壁的交界处,第二凹槽219在第一通孔2111的朝向外壳构件211的外表面2112的一端形成下沉区。这样的结构有利于壳组件21的组装,在壳组件21组装过程中,便于第二密封件218能够容易的嵌入第二凹槽219进行限位,有利于保证第二密封件218的密封效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请再次参照图5,壳组件21还可以包括绝缘构件220,绝缘构件220位于外壳构件211的背离绝缘件212的一侧。绝缘构件220可采用薄片结构。绝缘构件220的材质可以选用聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚四氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、涤纶树脂等绝缘和耐电解液的材料。
请参照图19,图19为图8所示的A-A方向的在另一些实施例中的剖视图;根据本申请的 另一些实施例,绝缘件212包括基板2121,基板2121设置于外壳构件211的沿其自身厚度方向X的外侧,基板2121包括朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125,第二表面2125开设有第三凹槽222,挡流组件还包括:第三凸出部221,凸设于所述外表面2112且插设于所述第三凹槽222中。
具体而言,第三凸出部221可以设置一个也可以设置多个,相应的,第三凹槽222的数量和位置与第三凸出部221对应,第三凸出部221的全部或者部分卡入第三凹槽222中,使得第三凸出部221与第三凹槽222相互抵顶,以形成密封组件,从而使位于该密封组件一侧的液体无法穿过该密封组件流到该密封组件的另一侧。
可以理解的是,第三凸出部221可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸。当然,第三凸出部221也可以沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸形成封闭的环形。
绝缘件212朝向上表面的第二表面2125设置第三凹槽222,外壳构件211的上表面设置第三凸出部221且第三凸出部221插设于第三凹槽222中,使得外壳构件211和绝缘件212之间形成密封连接,从而起到防止电解液顺着外壳构件211和绝缘件212之间的缝隙进入外壳构件211和电极端子213之间的缝隙的作用,降低电极端子213和外壳构件211产生电子导通的可能性,提高壳组件21所在的电池单体20的安全性和质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第三凸出部221呈环绕布置于电极端子213周围的环形凸起。
可以理解的是,第三凸出部221呈环绕布置于电极端子213周围的环形凸起,则第三凹槽222可以相应的呈环绕布置于电极端子213周围的环形凹槽。
第三凸出部221和第三凹槽222可以被构造为圆环形、矩形环形或其他形状的环形均可。第三凸出部221和第三凹槽222的设置位置和尺寸对应,以使第三凸出部221能够顺利卡入第三凹槽222。
在一些实施例中,可以设置多个第三凸出部221,多个第三突出部均呈环绕布置于电极端子213周围的环形凸起。相应的,第三凹槽222也可以设置多个,且与第三凸出部221一一对应。
第三凸出部221呈环绕布置于电极端子213周围的环形凸起,以将电极端子213围在第三凸出部221形成的封闭空间内,从而有效阻挡电解液从任意方向靠近电极端子213,进一步降低电极端子213和外壳构件211产生电子导通的可能性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,外壳构件211上开设有第一注液孔。
外壳构件211上开设有第一注液孔,第一注液孔可以用于向壳组件21所在的电池单体20内注入电解液。
本申请一些实施例提供了一种电池单体20,电池单体20包括以上任一方案的壳组件21。
请再次参照图3和图4,本申请一些实施例提供了一种电池单体20,包括壳体22和第一端盖211a,壳体22具有第一开口2201,第一端盖211a用于盖合第一开口2201。其中,外壳构件211为第一端盖211a或壳体22。
具体而言,外壳构件211可以为第一端盖211a,也可以为具有第一开口2201的壳体22。示例性的,外壳构件211为第一端盖211a,即壳组件21形成电池单体20的端盖组件。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请再次参照图3和图4,壳体22还具有与第一开口2201相对的第二开口2202,电池单体20还包括第二端盖211b,第二端盖211b用于盖合第二开口2202;其中,第一端盖211a为外壳构件211,第二端盖211b设置有第二注液孔24。
可以理解的是,第一端盖211a和第二端盖211b中,一个为正极端盖,则另一个为负极端盖。示例性的,第一端盖211a为负极端盖,第二端盖211b为正极端盖。第一端盖211a可以为负极端盖,第二端盖211b为正极端盖且设置有第二注液孔24。
当电池单体20发生电解液注液喷液时,电解液经第二端盖211b(正极端盖组件)上的第二注液孔24喷出并会顺着壳体22流至第一端盖211a(负极端盖组件),第一端盖211a所在的壳组件21设置挡流组件,可有效防止电解液进入第一端盖211a和电极端子213之间的缝隙中,负极端盖所在的壳组件21设置挡流组件可有效防止电池单体20的壳体22带负电,从而防止壳体22及端盖因带负电而出现腐蚀漏液的现象。
当然,在其他一些实施例中,在第一端盖211a和第二端盖211b可以均为上述任一方案的外壳构件211。
本申请一些实施例还提供了一种电池100,包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体20。
本申请一些实施例还提供了一种用电装置,包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体20,电池 单体20用于提供电能;或者,包括以上方案所述的电池100,电池100用于提供电能。
请参照图5至图9,本申请一些实施例提供了一种壳组件21,该壳组件21包括外壳构件211、绝缘件212、电极端子213、端子板216和挡流组件。外壳构件211包括第一通孔2111,第一通孔2111沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X贯穿外壳构件211。绝缘件212包括基板2121、侧板2123和凸台2124,基板2121位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,基板2121包括朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125,凸台2124凸出于第二表面2125,基板2121上设置有第二通孔2122,第二通孔2122贯穿基板2121和凸台2124并与第一通孔2111连通,电极端子213安装于第一通孔2111和第二通孔2122。端子板216位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧并与电极端子213连接。其中,沿厚度方向X,基板2121位于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,侧板2123围设于基板2121的周围,基板2121和侧板2123围成容纳端子板216的空腔,端子板216位于该空腔内。
挡流组件包括第一凸出部214和第一密封件215,第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112,第一凸出部214围设于侧板2123的外周且形成封闭的环形结构。第一密封件215设置于第一凸出部214的内周面和侧板2123的外周面之间。
请参照图10至图18,本申请一些实施例提供了一种壳组件21,该壳组件21包括外壳构件211、绝缘件212、电极端子213、端子板216和挡流组件。外壳构件211包括第一通孔2111,第一通孔2111沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X贯穿外壳构件211。绝缘件212包括基板2121、侧板2123和凸台2124,基板2121位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,基板2121包括朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125,凸台2124凸出于第二表面2125,基板2121上设置有第二通孔2122,第二通孔2122贯穿基板2121和凸台2124并与第一通孔2111连通,电极端子213安装于第一通孔2111和第二通孔2122。端子板216位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧并与电极端子213连接。其中,沿厚度方向X,基板2121位于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,侧板2123围设于基板2121的周围,基板2121和侧板2123围成容纳端子板216的空腔,端子板216位于该空腔内。
挡流组件包括第二凸出部217和第二密封件218,第二凸出部217凸出于凸台2124的外周面且沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸,第二凸出部217与第一通孔2111的孔壁抵接。第二密封件218设置于凸台2124的外周面和第一通孔2111的孔壁之间。
请参照图5至图21,本申请一些实施例提供了一种壳组件21,该壳组件21包括外壳构件211、绝缘件212、电极端子213、端子板216和挡流组件。外壳构件211包括第一通孔2111,第一通孔2111沿外壳构件211的厚度方向X贯穿外壳构件211。绝缘件212包括基板2121、侧板2123和凸台2124,基板2121位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧,基板2121包括朝向外壳构件211的第二表面2125,凸台2124凸出于第二表面2125,基板2121上设置有第二通孔2122,第二通孔2122贯穿基板2121和凸台2124并与第一通孔2111连通,电极端子213安装于第一通孔2111和第二通孔2122。端子板216位于外壳构件211的沿厚度方向X的外侧并与电极端子213连接。其中,沿厚度方向X,基板2121位于端子板216和外壳构件211之间,侧板2123围设于基板2121的周围,基板2121和侧板2123围成容纳端子板216的空腔,端子板216位于该空腔内。
挡流组件包括第一凸出部214和第一密封件215,第一凸出部214凸出于外壳构件211外表面2112,第一凸出部214围设于侧板2123的外周且形成封闭的环形结构。第一密封件215设置于第一凸出部214的内周面和侧板2123的外周面之间。
挡流组件还包括第二凸出部217和第三凸出部221,第二凸出部217凸出于凸台2124的外周面且沿第一通孔2111的周向延伸,第二凸出部217与第一通孔2111的孔壁抵接。
第二表面2125开设有第三凹槽222,第三凸出部221凸设于所述外表面2112且插设于所述第三凹槽222中。
可以理解的是,同一个壳组件21可以仅设置第一凸出部214、第二凸出部217、第三凸出部221及第二密封件218中的任意一种,也可以设置第一凸出部214、第二凸出部217、第三凸出部221及第二密封件218中的任意两种、任意三种或全部。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述,但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是,只要不存在结构冲突,各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种壳组件,所述壳组件包括:
    外壳构件,包括相对设置的内表面和外表面,以及贯穿所述内表面和所述外表面的第一通孔;
    绝缘件,至少部分位于所述外壳构件的外表面,所述绝缘件包括与所述第一通孔连通的第二通孔;
    电极端子,安装于所述第一通孔及所述第二通孔,以通过所述绝缘件与所述外壳构件绝缘隔离;以及
    挡流组件,所述挡流组件用于阻挡液体经所述绝缘件和所述外壳构件之间的缝隙进入所述外壳构件和所述电极端子之间的缝隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的壳组件,其中,所述挡流组件包括凸出于所述外表面的第一凸出部,所述第一凸出部布置于所述绝缘件的外周。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一凸出部形成封闭的环形结构。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的壳组件,其中,所述挡流组件还包括:
    第一密封件,夹设于所述第一凸出部和所述绝缘件之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一凸出部和所述绝缘件的至少一者设置有第一凹槽,所述第一密封件的至少部分位于所述第一凹槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一凸出部形成封闭的环形结构,所述第一凹槽为设置于所述第一凸出部的内周面的环形凹槽,所述第一密封件套设于所述绝缘件的外周面,所述第一密封件的至少部分位于所述第一凹槽内。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一凸出部与所述外壳构件一体成型。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述壳组件还包括:
    端子板,设置于所述外壳构件的沿自身厚度方向的外侧,所述端子板与所述电极端子连接,所述绝缘件的至少部分设置于所述端子板和所述外壳构件之间,所述端子板通过所述绝缘件与所述外壳构件绝缘隔离。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的壳组件,其中,所述绝缘件包括:
    基板,沿所述外壳构件的厚度方向,所述基板位于所述端子板和所述外壳构件之间,所述第二通孔设置于所述基板;
    侧板,连接于所述基板,至少部分所述侧板布置于所述端子板沿第二方向的一侧,所述第二方向垂直于所述外壳构件的厚度方向。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的壳组件,其中,所述侧板呈环绕布置于所述端子板周围的环形结构,所述第一凸出部围设于所述侧板的外周。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中任一项所述的壳组件,所述端子板包括背离所述外表面的第一表面,所述第一表面到所述外表面的距离为D,所述第一凸出部凸出于所述外表面的高度为H,满足,H≤D。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11中任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一凸出部凸出于所述外表面的高度为H,满足,H≥0.5mm。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述绝缘件包括:
    基板,设置于所述外壳构件的沿自身厚度方向的外侧,所述基板包括朝向所述外壳构件的第二表面;
    凸台,设置于所述基板上,所述凸台凸出于所述第二表面且插入所述第一通孔,所述第二通孔贯穿所述基板和所述凸台。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的壳组件,其中,
    所述挡流组件还包括第二凸出部,所述第二凸出部凸设于所述凸台的外周面,所述第二凸出部与所述第一通孔的孔壁抵接;或,
    所述挡流组件还包括第二凸出部,所述第二凸出部凸设于所述第一通孔的孔壁,所述第二凸出部与所述凸台的外周面抵接。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的壳组件,其中,所述挡流组件包括第二密封件,所述第二密 封件设置于所述凸台的外周面和所述第一通孔的孔壁之间。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的壳组件,其中,所述第一通孔的孔壁设置有第二凹槽,所述第二密封件的至少部分位于所述第二凹槽内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的壳组件,其中,所述第二凹槽延伸至所述外壳构件的外表面。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述绝缘件包括基板,所述基板设置于所述外壳构件的沿其自身厚度方向的外侧,所述基板包括朝向所述外壳构件的第二表面,所述第二表面开设有第三凹槽,所述挡流组件还包括:
    第三凸出部,凸设于所述外表面且插设于所述第三凹槽中。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的壳组件,其中,所述第三凸出部呈环绕布置于所述电极端子周围的环形凸起。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19任一项所述的壳组件,其中,所述外壳构件上开设有第一注液孔。
  21. 一种电池单体,包括权利要求1-20任一项所述的壳组件。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体包括:
    壳体,具有第一开口;
    第一端盖,用于盖合所述第一开口;
    其中,所述外壳构件为所述第一端盖或所述壳体。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池单体,其中,所述壳体还具有与所述第一开口相对的第二开口,所述电池单体还包括:
    第二端盖,用于盖合所述第二开口;
    所述第一端盖为所述外壳构件,所述第二端盖设置有第二注液孔。
  24. 一种电池,包括如权利要求21-23中任一项所述的电池单体。
  25. 一种用电装置,其中,
    所述用电装置包括如权利要求21-23中任一项所述的电池单体,所述电池单体用于提供电能;或者,
    所述用电装置包括如权利要求24所述的电池,所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/124684 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 壳组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2024077491A1 (zh)

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CN207690845U (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-08-03 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池顶盖组件、二次电池及汽车
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