WO2024048494A1 - ビスフェノールの製造方法、及び、ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 - Google Patents
ビスフェノールの製造方法、及び、ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024048494A1 WO2024048494A1 PCT/JP2023/030882 JP2023030882W WO2024048494A1 WO 2024048494 A1 WO2024048494 A1 WO 2024048494A1 JP 2023030882 W JP2023030882 W JP 2023030882W WO 2024048494 A1 WO2024048494 A1 WO 2024048494A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/68—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C37/70—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
- C07C37/82—Purification; separation; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/12—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
- C07C39/15—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings with all hydroxy groups on non-condensed rings, e.g. phenylphenol
- C07C39/16—Bis-(hydroxyphenyl) alkanes; Tris-(hydroxyphenyl)alkanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/20—General preparatory processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/18—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
- C08J11/22—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds
- C08J11/24—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing bisphenol.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing polycarbonate resin.
- Plastics are essential in modern society due to their excellent functions and properties, and are produced and consumed in large quantities not only in Japan but all over the world. Recycling post-consumer plastic resources is important for sustainable development, and methods include material recycling, where post-consumer plastic is recycled into raw materials for plastic products, chemical recycling, where post-consumer plastic is recycled into chemical raw materials, and energy sources. There are three main methods: thermal recycling, which is used as
- Thermal recycling has the highest effective utilization rate of waste plastic under each recycling law in Japan.
- the amount of heat generated when burning plastic is comparable to that of coal or oil, and that amount of heat can be effectively used for power generation, etc.
- thermal recycling is often not considered recycling, and further promotion of material recycling and chemical recycling is required.
- Polycarbonate resin which is used in a wide range of fields due to its transparency, mechanical properties, flame retardance, dimensional stability, and electrical properties, is no exception.
- Polycarbonate resin has excellent processability and durability, and also has high transparency. Therefore, it is used not only for the housings of household appliances and optical recording discs (CDs, etc.), but also for headlamp covers for cars that are used outdoors for long periods, roofing materials for carports, soundproof walls on expressways, etc. has been done.
- Patent Document 1 a method of material recycling, the coating agent on the surface is removed by treating the optical recording disk with an alkaline aqueous solution, and the polycarbonate resin that is the base material is removed.
- Patent Document 2 a method in which an optical recording disk is dissolved in a solvent and then precipitated with a mixed solution of water and alcohol to recover only polycarbonate resin.
- chemical recycling methods include a method in which waste polycarbonate resin is hydrolyzed and recovered as an alkaline aqueous solution containing sodium salt of bisphenol (Patent Document 3), and an optical recording disk is subjected to alcoholysis to recover bisphenol and dialkyl carbonate.
- a method for recovering bisphenol and diphenyl carbonate by phenolyzing waste polycarbonate resin (Patent Document 5) is known.
- Bisphenol obtained by depolymerizing waste polycarbonate resin with a deteriorated surface is not preferred because it has a poor color tone compared to virgin products.
- it is not impossible to remove colored components by repeating purification such as crystallization and extraction it is not economical as it complicates the manufacturing process and leads to loss of bisphenol and increase in waste. Therefore, there has been a need for a purification method that simply and efficiently removes colored components from bisphenol.
- polycarbonate resin may be colored to any desired color tone using pigments and dyes, or may be given a specific function by adding additives such as light-diffusing materials. May form a metallic coating.
- Polycarbonate resin that has been processed in this way is difficult to return to its original transparent polycarbonate resin through material recycling, even if it is unused factory offcuts. , is currently being discarded. Even with chemical recycling, it is not easy to completely remove pigments, light-diffusing materials, etc., which are fine particles with particle sizes ranging from nanometers to micrometers, and aluminum is an inhibiting factor when polymerizing polycarbonate. Therefore, it is required to control the concentration at an extremely low level (less than 1 mass ppm).
- the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing bisphenol that can obtain bisphenol with good color tone. Furthermore, a method for producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol as a raw material is provided.
- the present inventors have found that by bringing an organic phase in which bisphenol containing a coloring component is dissolved into contact with an adsorbent in an appropriate state, the coloring component can be selectively removed. It has been found that it is possible to adsorb and remove it, and it is possible to reduce the amount of wastewater discharged in the purification process. That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
- a method for producing bisphenol comprising an adsorption purification step of bringing an adsorbed purified liquid containing bisphenol and an organic solvent into contact with an adsorbent, purifying the adsorbed purified liquid, and obtaining an adsorbed purified liquid.
- a method for producing bisphenol characterized in that the adsorption purification liquid exhibits basicity.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed contains a bisphenol analog having a structure in which at least two carbon atoms on a benzene ring constituting the bisphenol skeleton are each double bonded to an oxygen atom, ⁇ 1> or ⁇
- ⁇ 4> The method for producing bisphenol according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the content of water in the purified liquid to be adsorbed is 10% by mass or less.
- ⁇ 5> The method for producing bisphenol according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the content of the organic solvent in the purified liquid to be adsorbed is 20% by mass or more.
- ⁇ 6> Any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5> above, wherein the organic solvent contains one or more selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, cresol, methylene chloride, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate.
- the method for producing bisphenol described in . ⁇ 7> The method for producing bisphenol according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the adsorbent includes one selected from the group consisting of activated clay, acid clay, activated carbon, and cation exchange resin. .
- the method comprises a decomposition step of chemically decomposing the raw material resin in the decomposition raw material containing the raw material resin, which is a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin, to obtain the bisphenol.
- the waste plastic includes a metal layer and/or a resin layer formed of a resin other than the raw material resin.
- the decomposition raw material is a resin composition containing the raw material resin and fine particles and/or a polar low molecular compound.
- the decomposition raw material is a resin composition containing the raw material resin and one or more selected from the group consisting of a light diffusing material, an ultraviolet absorber, and a coloring agent, from ⁇ 8> to ⁇ 11>.
- the Hazen color number (APHA) of the methylene chloride solution in which the concentration of the decomposition raw material is 10% by mass multiplied by 10 is 200 or more, and the produced bisphenol is heated and melted at 175°C for 30 minutes.
- the lightness (L*) of the methylene chloride solution in which the concentration of the decomposition raw material is 10% by mass is 80 or less, and the molten liquid obtained by heating and melting the produced bisphenol at 175 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- ⁇ 15> Any one of ⁇ 8> to ⁇ 14> above, in which the raw material resin is decomposed in the presence of at least one decomposing agent selected from the group consisting of water, aromatic monoalcohols, and aliphatic monoalcohols.
- the adsorption purification step is a step of bringing the concentrated liquid and the adsorbent into contact to obtain the adsorption purified liquid, and the solution removed in the concentration step is supplied to the decomposition step and recycled.
- the decomposition step and the bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid obtained in the decomposition step or the concentrated liquid obtained by concentrating the decomposition liquid are crystallized to form a solid component containing bisphenol.
- the adsorption purification step is a step of bringing the re-dissolution liquid into contact with the adsorbent to obtain the adsorption purification liquid, and the crude solid-liquid separated in the rough crystallization step.
- the method for producing bisphenol according to any one of ⁇ 8> to ⁇ 15>, wherein the crystallization mother liquor is supplied to the decomposition step and recycled. ⁇ 19> After mixing the adsorption purified liquid with water, phase-separating it into an organic phase containing bisphenol and an aqueous phase, and removing the aqueous phase to obtain the organic phase; and the water washing step.
- the method for producing bisphenol according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 18> which comprises performing a crystallization step.
- the method further comprises a bisphenol synthesis step of obtaining the bisphenol from a ketone or aldehyde and an aromatic monoalcohol, including the following steps A0 to D0, and the adsorption purified liquid is subjected to any of the following steps A0 to D0.
- Step A0 A step of dehydrating and condensing the ketone or aldehyde and the aromatic monoalcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing the bisphenol.
- Step B0 From the reaction solution obtained in the step A0, A step of distilling off the unreacted ketone or aldehyde and water to obtain a concentrated liquid.
- Step C0 The slurry obtained by crystallizing the concentrated liquid obtained in the step B0 is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and a mother liquor and a cake are separated.
- Step D0 Step of refining the cake obtained in the step C0 to obtain the bisphenol ⁇ 21>
- ⁇ 22> The above ⁇ 21> further comprises a bisphenol A synthesis step including the following steps A1 to G1, and the adsorbed purified liquid is supplied to any one or more of the following steps A to G1.
- Step A1 A step of dehydrating and condensing acetone and phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing bisphenol A.
- Step B1 Removing unreacted acetone and water from the reaction solution obtained in step A1.
- Step C1 A step of crystallizing the concentrated liquid obtained in the step B1 and separating the slurry liquid into solid-liquid into a mother liquor and a cake
- Step D1 Step C1 of separating the slurry obtained in the step C1 into a mother liquor and a cake A step of refining the obtained cake to obtain bisphenol A.
- Step E1 A step of circulating a part of the mother liquor obtained in the step C1 and supplying it to the step A1.
- Step F1 The mother liquor obtained in the step C1.
- Step G1 A step of decomposing bisphenol A therein into phenol and isopropenylphenol under alkaline conditions, and then recombining phenol and isopropenylphenol to generate bisphenol A to obtain a solution containing bisphenol A.
- Step G1 A step of supplying the solution obtained in step F1 to the step A1 ⁇ 23>
- a method for producing a polycarbonate resin comprising: producing a polycarbonate resin using a bisphenol raw material.
- a method for producing bisphenol is provided, which allows bisphenol with excellent color tone to be obtained. Furthermore, a method for producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol as a raw material is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an example of the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention.
- the present invention is a method for producing bisphenol, comprising an adsorption purification step of bringing an adsorbed purified liquid containing bisphenol and an organic solvent into contact with an adsorbent, purifying the adsorbed purified liquid, and obtaining an adsorbed purified liquid,
- the present invention relates to a method for producing bisphenol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention") in which the purified liquid to be adsorbed exhibits basicity.
- bisphenol with excellent color tone can be obtained by treating and purifying the adsorbed purified liquid, which exhibits basicity and contains bisphenol and an organic solvent, with an adsorbent.
- the resulting bisphenol has high polymerization activity, and a polycarbonate resin with a desired molecular weight and excellent color tone can be obtained.
- the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention includes an adsorption purification step in which an adsorbed purified liquid containing bisphenol and an organic solvent is brought into contact with an adsorbent, the adsorbed purified liquid is purified, and an adsorbed purified liquid is obtained;
- the method includes a bisphenol recovery step of recovering bisphenol.
- the adsorption purification step is a step in which an adsorbed purified liquid containing bisphenol and an organic solvent is brought into contact with an adsorbent, the adsorbed purified liquid is purified, and an adsorbed purified liquid is obtained.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed can also be prepared through a decomposition step of chemically decomposing the raw material resin, which is a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin.
- additives such as light diffusing materials, ultraviolet absorbers, and colorants contained in the decomposition raw materials may be mixed into the purified liquid to be adsorbed, but by performing the adsorption purification process, these components can be efficiently removed. can be removed.
- components such as antioxidants, flame retardants, and mold release agents can also be removed to some extent.
- the catalyst used when chemically decomposing the raw material resin can also be efficiently removed, and the amount of waste water in the bisphenol recovery process can be reduced while suppressing deterioration of the color tone of bisphenol.
- bisphenol Bisphenol is usually a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 to R 4 each independently include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, and the like.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently include a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, and the like.
- hydrogen atom methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n-hexyl group , n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, i -propoxy group, n-butoxy group, i-butoxy group, t-butoxy group, n-pentyloxy group, i-pentyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are two groups that are bonded or cross-linked to each other, such as a cycloalkylidene group, a fluorenylidene group (fluorene 9,9-diyl group), a xanthenylidene group (xanthene 9,9-diyl group), or a thioxanthenylidene group.
- a lydene group (thioxanthene 9,9-diyl group) or the like may be formed.
- Examples of the cycloalkylidene group include cyclopropylidene, cyclobutylidene, cyclopentylidene, cyclohexylidene, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene, cycloheptylidene, cyclooctylidene, cyclononylidene, cyclodecylidene, Examples include cycloundecylidene and cyclododecylidene.
- the bisphenol represented by the above general formula (1) includes 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane, 2, 2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)cyclohexane, 9,9-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)fluorene , 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentane, 3,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)pentane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentane, 2,2-bis( 4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)pentane, 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptane, 3,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)heptane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy phenyl)heptane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)heptane, 2,
- the bisphenols contained in the adsorbed purified liquid include 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane, and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane.
- One selected from the group consisting of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propane and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)cyclohexane is preferred, and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy Phenyl)propane (hereinafter referred to as "BPA" or "bisphenol A”) is particularly preferred.
- Bisphenol can be produced by decomposing polycarbonate resin or epoxy resin in the presence of a catalyst, or by condensing a ketone or aldehyde with an aromatic monoalcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. can.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed contains bisphenol and an organic solvent and exhibits basicity.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed is basic, it means that the pH of the purified liquid to be adsorbed is higher than 7, and preferably 7.1 or higher.
- the pH of the purified liquid to be adsorbed can be determined by, for example, sampling the purified liquid to be adsorbed or a part thereof, adding an organic solvent and/or water to it, stirring it, and leaving it to stand still to form two phases: an organic phase and an aqueous phase. It can be determined by measuring the pH of the aqueous phase when it is separated.
- the pH of the aqueous phase at this time is greater than 7, it can be determined that the purified liquid to be adsorbed exhibits basicity. Further, as long as the composition allows pH measurement, the pH of the purified liquid to be adsorbed may be directly measured.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed is obtained by sampling the purified liquid to be adsorbed or a part thereof, adding an equal amount of water thereto, stirring it, allowing it to stand still, and separating the two phases.
- the aqueous phase exhibits a pH of 7.1 or higher. Those exhibiting a value of 7.2 or more are preferred, and those exhibiting 7.2 or more are more preferred. Further, the pH may be 8.5 or higher. .
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed can be used as it is. Furthermore, if the solution containing bisphenol and the organic solvent is not basic, it can be used as a purified liquid to be adsorbed by adjusting it to basicity.
- Solutions containing bisphenol and organic solvents include solutions in which low-purity bisphenol is dissolved in an organic solvent, and solutions in which bisphenol is produced by a reaction (for example, chemical decomposition of polycarbonate resin in the presence of an organic solvent). The obtained solution can be used.
- a method for preparing a purified adsorbed liquid exhibiting basicity includes a method of adding a basic compound to a solution containing bisphenol and an organic solvent.
- Basic compounds include basic inorganic salts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate, and aliphatic amines such as ammonia, methylamine, and triethylamine. , aromatic amines such as aniline and toluidine, and heterocyclic amines such as pyrrolidine and imidazole. These basic compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, these basic compounds can also be supplied as an aqueous solution.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed must be in a state in which bisphenol is completely dissolved in the organic solvent (visually clear solution) when brought into contact with the adsorbent. condition) is preferable.
- the organic solvent contained in the purified liquid to be adsorbed may be any solvent as long as it dissolves bisphenol, and aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic monoalcohols, halogenated solvents, dialkyl carbonates, etc. can be used. Among these, it is preferable to contain one or more selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, cresol, methylene chloride, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate.
- the content of the organic solvent in the purified liquid to be adsorbed is preferably 20% by mass or more.
- the content of the organic solvent in the purified liquid to be adsorbed can be arbitrarily adjusted, such as 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, or 50% by mass or more, depending on the type of organic solvent.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed contains as little water as possible. There is concern that water molecules will be adsorbed on the adsorbent, resulting in a decrease in adsorption capacity and deterioration in filterability due to swelling. From this, the content of water in the purified liquid to be adsorbed is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- Examples of methods for reducing the water content of the purified liquid to be adsorbed include distillation, membrane separation, and adsorption using a dehydrating agent. Furthermore, a hydrophobic solvent that is hardly miscible with water can also be used.
- the purified liquid to be adsorbed has the same bisphenol skeleton as the bisphenol contained in the liquid phase, and at least two carbon atoms on the benzene ring constituting the bisphenol skeleton (i.e. dihydroxydiphenylmethane structure) each have a double bond with an oxygen atom. It may also contain a bisphenol analogue having the following structure.
- bisphenol analogs include bisphenol oxides such as compounds having a hydroxybenzoquinone structure in which at least one hydroxyphenyl structure constituting the bisphenol skeleton is oxidized. Such bisphenol analogs cause deterioration of the color tone of bisphenol, and therefore need to be removed.
- the bisphenol analogs can be removed by contacting with the adsorbent. Excessive purification is not essential, and purification can be shortened or simplified.
- an adsorbent In the adsorption purification process, an adsorbent is used.
- the adsorbent preferably has a large specific surface area and can efficiently adsorb coloring components, and also preferably has pores and can adsorb metal atoms such as sodium and potassium. Examples include activated clay, acid clay, activated carbon, and cation exchange resin. These adsorbents may be used alone or in a mixture of multiple types.
- the adsorbent preferably contains one selected from the group consisting of activated clay, acid clay, activated carbon, and cation exchange resin, and more preferably contains it as a main component (50% by mass or more in the adsorbent).
- molecular sieves, silica gel, alumina General adsorbents such as celite and zeolite may be mixed and used.
- the adsorbent when the adsorbent is brought into contact with the purified liquid to be adsorbed, the adsorbent may be used as a solid, or the adsorbent and a solvent may be mixed and used as a slurry. Note that since the adsorbent is solid, it may also be referred to as a "solid adsorbent.”
- the method of bringing the purified liquid to be adsorbed into contact with the adsorbent is not particularly limited, but as a general method, the adsorbent is added to the purified liquid to be adsorbed, the adsorbent is brought into sufficient contact with the purified liquid to be adsorbed, and then the adsorbent is brought into contact with the purified liquid to be adsorbed.
- a contact method in which the adsorbent is removed by filtration, and a percolation method in which the purified liquid to be adsorbed is passed through a column filled with an adsorbent.
- the adsorbent may be mixed with a solvent in advance and added to the purified liquid to be adsorbed as a slurry, or the slurry may be filled into a column.
- the amount of adsorbent supplied in the contact method is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, based on the bisphenol to be treated. Furthermore, if the amount of adsorbent supplied is too large, the colored components can be sufficiently adsorbed, but there are concerns that the load on the filtration step will increase and economic efficiency will deteriorate. Therefore, the amount of adsorbent supplied is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and even more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the bisphenol dissolved in the purified liquid to be adsorbed.
- the amount of adsorbent packed in the column in the percolation method may be in excess of the amount of bisphenol to be treated. If it is intended to be used repeatedly, the amount can be 10 times or more, 100 times or more, 1000 times or more of the bisphenol to be treated.
- the adsorption purification step in which the purified liquid to be adsorbed and the adsorbent are brought into contact is performed under an inert gas atmosphere.
- an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon, the color tone of the adsorbed purified liquid (adsorbed purified liquid containing purified bisphenol and an organic solvent) can be maintained.
- the temperature at which the purified liquid to be adsorbed and the adsorbent are brought into contact is appropriately set depending on the type of adsorbent used. In order to adsorb and remove colored components more efficiently, it is preferable that bisphenol be completely dissolved in the purified liquid to be adsorbed. Therefore, the temperature must take into account the solubility of bisphenol in the purified liquid to be adsorbed. Therefore, the temperature at which the purified liquid to be adsorbed and the adsorbent are brought into contact is preferably 0°C to 200°C, more preferably 10°C to 190°C, even more preferably 20°C to 180°C.
- the treatment time is controlled by the inner diameter and length of the column, and the flow rate of the liquid.
- the inner diameter and length of the column are preferably large enough to accommodate the amount of bisphenol to be treated. Specifically, the inner diameter is about 10 mm to 1000 mm, the length is about 20 mm to 3000 mm, and the flow rate is 1. It is preferably in the range of ⁇ 1000 mL/min.
- the method for recovering bisphenol from the adsorption purification liquid is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by simple means such as crystallization or column chromatography.
- One method for recovering bisphenol in the adsorption purification solution includes a method of extracting bisphenol as a solid through a water washing step, a crystallization step, and, if necessary, a drying step.
- the bisphenol recovery process includes a water washing process in which an adsorbed purified liquid is mixed with water, separated into an organic phase containing bisphenol and an aqueous phase, and the aqueous phase is removed to obtain an organic phase; a crystallization step in which bisphenol is precipitated from the organic phase obtained in step 1, and after repeating the water washing step until the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase becomes 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, the crystallization step is performed. may be carried out.
- water is supplied to the adsorption purification liquid and after stirring, the two phases are separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase. After confirming that the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase is 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, bisphenol is precipitated by crystallization. If the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase does not satisfy 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, it is not preferable because the thermal stability of bisphenol may be impaired.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase is more than 10 ⁇ S/cm, it is possible to reduce the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase by removing the aqueous phase, supplying water again, and repeating the same operation. It is. This operation can be repeated multiple times until the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase becomes 10 ⁇ S/cm or less.
- the water to be supplied may be distilled water, demineralized water, ion exchange water, pure water, etc.
- the electrical conductivity of the supplied water is preferably 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ S/cm or less, and preferably 2 ⁇ S/cm or less. More preferred.
- a method for recovering bisphenol in the adsorption-purified liquid there is a method in which the adsorption-purified liquid or its concentrate is supplied to a bisphenol synthesis process using a condensation reaction, which includes the following steps A0 to D0.
- Step A0 A step of dehydrating and condensing a ketone or aldehyde and an aromatic monoalcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing bisphenol.
- Step B0 From the reaction solution obtained in Step A0, unreacted Step of distilling off the ketone or aldehyde and water to obtain a concentrated liquid
- Step C0 A step of crystallizing the concentrated liquid obtained in Step B0 and separating the slurry liquid into solid-liquid and separating it into a mother liquor and a cake
- Step D0 Step of purifying the cake obtained in step C0 to obtain the bisphenol
- the adsorption purification liquid may be supplied to one step or to a plurality of steps among steps A0 to D0 of the illustrated bisphenol synthesis step.
- the adsorption purification liquid is preferably supplied to one or more of steps A0, B0, and C0.
- a concentrate obtained by concentrating bisphenol from the adsorbed purified liquid by distillation or crystallization may be supplied to one or more steps of the bisphenol synthesis step, and after replacing the concentrate with a different solvent, one of the bisphenol synthesis steps It may be supplied to the above steps.
- the bisphenol in the adsorption purified liquid can be recovered together with the bisphenol produced from the ketone or aldehyde and aromatic monoalcohol.
- some production plants that continuously synthesize bisphenol from ketones or aldehydes and aromatic monoalcohols perform the above steps A0 to D0.
- bisphenol in the adsorption purification liquid can be purified and recovered.
- polycarbonate resin or epoxy resin is chemically decomposed to obtain bisphenol through a decomposition process and an adsorption purification process to obtain an adsorption purified liquid
- one of the preferred methods is to recover bisphenol using a manufacturing plant. It is one.
- the adsorption-purified liquid into a manufacturing plant that produces the same bisphenol as the bisphenol contained in the adsorption-purified liquid, where the above steps A0 to D0 are performed, and to recover the bisphenol.
- the bisphenol obtained by the bisphenol production method of the present invention has a Hazen color number (APHA) of 100 or less of the melt obtained by heating and melting at 175°C for 30 minutes (hereinafter simply referred to as "melt"). It is preferably 80 or less, 70 or less, 60 or less, and 50 or less, and the smaller the number, the more preferable it is. Further, the lightness (L*) of the melt of bisphenol is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 95 or more, and even more preferably 98 or more. In the bisphenol obtained by the bisphenol production method of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that both the Hazen color number and brightness of the melt satisfy the above numerical range.
- APHA Hazen color number
- the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention includes, before the adsorption purification step, a decomposition step in which the raw resin in the decomposition raw material containing the raw resin, which is a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin, is chemically decomposed to obtain bisphenol. It is preferable.
- the decomposition step is a step of chemically decomposing (depolymerizing) a raw material resin that is a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin, and a material containing a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin is used as the decomposition raw material.
- the raw material for decomposition usually contains polycarbonate resin and/or epoxy resin as a main component, and includes pre-consumer materials such as scraps and defective products generated during molding of polycarbonate resin and/or epoxy resin. It is preferable to use waste plastics such as post-industrial materials (sometimes referred to as post-industrial materials) or used molded products (post-consumer materials).
- pre-consumer materials and post-consumer materials for molded products such as headlamps, reflectors, lamp covers, housings, helmets, building materials, suitcases, and compact discs can be used. Can be done. These molded products can be used by cutting or crushing them into appropriate sizes, as described below.
- a molded product having a portion formed of a component other than the raw material resin may be used as the raw material for decomposition.
- waste plastics i.e. post-consumer materials and/or pre-consumer materials
- metal layers and/or resin layers formed of resins other than the raw resin other resins
- An example is a molded product in which a metal layer and/or a resin layer is provided on the surface of a polycarbonate resin and/or epoxy resin, after adding appropriate additives and molding the molded product into a shape according to the intended use.
- the method of forming the metal layer and the resin layer is not particularly limited, and may be vapor deposition or coating. Examples of the metal layer and/or resin layer include an aluminum vapor deposition film, an aluminum coating film, and a resin coating film.
- the raw material for decomposition may include resins other than polycarbonate resins and epoxy resins and low molecular compounds.
- a resin composition containing a polycarbonate resin and/or an epoxy resin, and fine particles and/or a polar low-molecular compound can be used as the decomposition raw material.
- the fine particles and polar low-molecular compounds contained in the decomposition raw material are derived from additives, degraded components generated by the use of molded articles, and the like.
- the average particle size of the fine particles is about 1 nm to 200 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the fine particles is spherical, acicular, fibrous, plate-like, etc., and is not particularly limited.
- Fine particles are often used as light-diffusing materials or colorants, and specific examples include silicone particles, acrylic particles, carbon black, and titanium oxide.
- the polar low-molecular compound is a compound having a polar group and a molecular weight of about 200 to 1000, and includes bisphenol oxide having a benzoquinone skeleton, compounds used as ultraviolet absorbers and colorants, triphenylphosphine, and the like.
- Molded products containing polycarbonate resins and/or epoxy resins usually require the addition of additives such as light diffusing materials, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, antioxidants, flame retardants, mold release agents, etc., depending on the intended use. Surface treatments are performed using hard coating agents and metal coatings. Such a molded article may be used as a raw material for decomposition.
- polycarbonate resin and/or epoxy resin examples include one or more additives selected from the group consisting of light diffusing materials, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, antioxidants, flame retardants, and mold release agents.
- a resin composition containing the following can be used.
- the light diffusing material include organic fillers such as silicone particles and acrylic particles; and inorganic fillers such as titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, barium sulfate, talc, calcium carbonate, and silica.
- the ultraviolet absorber examples include organic compounds having a molecular weight of about 200 to 1000 and having ultraviolet absorption ability.
- examples of ultraviolet absorbers include organic compounds having an aromatic ring and/or heterocycle, such as triazine compounds, benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, phenyl salicylate compounds, and phenyl benzoate compounds.
- examples of colorants include inorganic pigments, organic pigments, and organic dyes. Specifically, titanium oxide, carbon black, phthalocyanine compounds, azo compounds, quinacridone compounds, perylene compounds, anthraquinone compounds, and Examples include ketopyrrolopyrrole compounds.
- examples of the antioxidant include phenolic antioxidants; phosphoric acid antioxidants, and the like.
- Examples of the flame retardant include phosphorus flame retardants; silicone flame retardants; and inorganic flame retardants such as metal hydroxides and metal oxides.
- Examples of the mold release agent include fatty acid esters, polysiloxane-based silicone oils, and the like.
- the value obtained by multiplying the Hazen color number of a methylene chloride solution in which the concentration of the raw material for decomposition is 10% by mass by 10 is 200 or more, or a material in which the lightness (L*) of a methylene chloride solution in which the concentration of the decomposition raw material is 10% by mass is 80 or less can be used.
- Such materials include post-consumer materials that have deteriorated with use; pre-consumer materials and post-consumer materials that include additives that are insoluble in methylene chloride, and the like.
- the solution becomes yellow or cloudy, so the color of the methylene chloride solution increases and the brightness of the methylene chloride solution decreases.
- the bisphenol production method of the present invention even when the methylene chloride solution color of the decomposition raw material is 200 or more, bisphenol can be produced in which the Hazen color number of the bisphenol melt is 100 or less. Further, even if the brightness of a methylene chloride solution containing 10% by mass of the decomposition raw material is 80 or less, bisphenol having a brightness of 90 or more of the bisphenol melt can be produced.
- the bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid obtained in the decomposition step can be directly subjected to the adsorption purification step.
- a purified liquid to be adsorbed to be subjected to the adsorption purification process may be prepared using the decomposition liquid, and the purified liquid may be subjected to the adsorption purification process.
- the decomposed liquid is filtered after the decomposition process and the adsorbed purified liquid is used for the adsorption purification process or adsorption purification process. It is preferable to use it in the preparation step.
- the method for producing bisphenol (1) shown in Figure 1 consists of a polycarbonate resin decomposition process (PC decomposition process) in which polycarbonate resin is chemically decomposed to obtain a bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid, and the bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid is adsorbed.
- PC decomposition process polycarbonate resin decomposition process
- the polycarbonate resin decomposition process is a process of chemically decomposing polycarbonate resin to obtain a decomposition liquid containing bisphenol.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention is a repeating unit derived from bisphenol (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "repeat unit") represented by general formula (2). This includes:
- R 1 to R 6 in general formula (2) have the same meanings as R 1 to R 6 in formula (1) above.
- the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention uses a polycarbonate resin (bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin) in which R 1 to R 4 of the above general formula (2) are hydrogen atoms, and R 5 and R 6 are methyl groups. It is suitable to use it as a raw material resin.
- a polycarbonate resin bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin
- R 1 to R 4 of the above general formula (2) are hydrogen atoms
- R 5 and R 6 are methyl groups.
- n is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 2 to 1000.
- the decomposition raw material used in the PC decomposition step contains polycarbonate as a raw material resin.
- a polycarbonate resin not only a polycarbonate resin alone but also a composition containing a resin other than polycarbonate resin such as a copolymer or a polymer alloy may be used.
- compositions containing resins other than polycarbonate resins include polycarbonate/polyester copolymers, polycarbonate/polyester alloys, polycarbonate/polyarylate copolymers, polycarbonate/polyarylate alloys, and the like.
- a composition containing a resin other than polycarbonate resin one in which polycarbonate resin is the main component (the composition contains 50% by mass or more of polycarbonate resin) can be suitably used.
- polycarbonate resin can be used as a mixture of two or more different polycarbonate resins. Note that polycarbonate resin alone is sometimes simply called polycarbonate.
- the polycarbonate resin is preferably a polycarbonate resin contained in waste plastics.
- Polycarbonate resin is used by being molded into various molded products such as optical components such as headlamps and lighting lamp covers, housings, helmets, building materials, suitcases, and optical recording media such as optical discs.
- Waste plastics containing polycarbonate resin can include scraps, defective products (pre-consumer materials), used molded products (post-consumer materials), etc. from when polycarbonate resin is molded into these molded products. .
- Bisphenol production method (1) can efficiently remove colored components in the adsorption purification process, so even if post-consumer materials that can contain a large amount of colored components are used as decomposition raw materials, bisphenol with good color can be produced. can be obtained. Therefore, post-consumer materials are one of the suitable raw materials for decomposition. According to the bisphenol production method (1), even if the post-consumer material used as a raw material for decomposition has a methylene chloride dissolution color of 200 or more, bisphenol with a bisphenol melt color of 100 or less can be obtained in the bisphenol recovery process. Can be done.
- the methylene chloride dissolution color of the post-consumer material is the value obtained by multiplying the measured Hazen color number of a 10% by mass methylene chloride solution of the post-consumer material by 10.
- the melting color of bisphenol is the Hazen color number after 30 minutes of melting bisphenol at 175°C. Details will be described later in Examples.
- Pre-consumer materials and post-consumer materials containing additives such as light diffusing materials, UV absorbers, colorants, antioxidants, flame retardants, mold release agents, etc. are also suitable raw materials for decomposition.
- Waste plastics can be used after being washed, crushed, crushed, etc. as appropriate.
- Methods for crushing waste plastic include coarse crushing, which uses a jaw crusher or rotary crusher to crush the plastic into pieces of 20 cm or less, medium crushing, which uses a rotary crusher, cone crusher, or mill to crush the plastic into pieces of 1 cm or less, and mills. This includes pulverization, etc., which crushes the material to 1 mm or less, as long as it can be reduced to a size that can be supplied to the decomposition tank.
- the waste plastic is a thin plastic such as a CD or DVD, it can be shredded using a shredder or the like and then supplied to a decomposition tank.
- portions formed of components other than polycarbonate resin, such as other resins such as copolymers and polymer alloys, and layers on the front and back surfaces of optical discs, may be removed in advance.
- Various decomposition methods are known for chemically decomposing polycarbonate resins, depending on the product derived from the carbonate ester unit of the resulting polycarbonate resin. For example, in hydrolysis using water as a decomposition agent, the product derived from the carbonate units of the polycarbonate resin is obtained as carbon dioxide. Other methods include phenolysis that uses phenol as a decomposition agent, alcoholysis that uses alcohol as a decomposition agent, and aminolysis that uses amine as a decomposition agent. Regardless of which decomposition method is selected, bisphenol is obtained as the main product derived from bisphenol units.
- the polycarbonate resin is preferably decomposed in the presence of one or more decomposers selected from the group consisting of water, aromatic monoalcohols, and aliphatic monoalcohols.
- aromatic monoalcohols examples include phenol, cresol, xylenol, and the like. Note that aromatic monoalcohol may be used as a decomposing agent and a solvent.
- aliphatic monoalcohols examples include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, t-butanol, n-pentanol, i-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n- -octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol, n-undecanol, n-dodecanol and the like.
- the aliphatic monoalcohol is preferably an alcohol having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably one selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, and butanol.
- the polycarbonate resin decomposition step can be a step of decomposing the polycarbonate resin in the presence of a solvent, a decomposer, and a catalyst using a solvent in order to dissolve the polycarbonate resin.
- solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; aromatic monoalcohols such as phenol, cresol, and xylenol; halogenated solvents such as methylene chloride; and carbonic acids such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, and dibutyl carbonate. Examples include dialkyl.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the polycarbonate resin, but in view of recycling, it is preferable to use a solvent with a boiling point of 200° C. or lower. Further, from the viewpoint of not causing undesired reactions, it is preferable to use a stable solvent with low reactivity such as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Moreover, phenol or alcohol, which functions as a decomposing agent, can be supplied in excess as a solvent.
- the mass ratio of the solvent to the polycarbonate resin (mass of the solvent/mass of the polycarbonate resin) is small, the dissolution rate of the polycarbonate resin decreases, so the time required to produce bisphenol tends to increase. Therefore, the mass ratio is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.03 or more, and still more preferably 0.05 or more. Furthermore, if the mass ratio is large, the volume of the solvent in the decomposition tank increases, the amount of polycarbonate resin that can be decomposed at one time becomes small, and the pot efficiency tends to deteriorate. Therefore, the mass ratio is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 70 or less, even more preferably 50 or less.
- the catalyst may be any catalyst as long as it can promote the decomposition of the polycarbonate resin, and examples include basic catalysts such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkylamines, and acids.
- basic catalysts such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkylamines, and acids.
- alkali metal hydroxide examples include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
- alkali metal carbonates include sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and the like.
- alkylamine examples include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, and trimethylamine.
- acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid as inorganic acids, and carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids as organic acids.
- the mass ratio of the catalyst to the polycarbonate resin is small, the decomposition rate will decrease, so the decomposition time will become longer and the efficiency will tend to deteriorate. Therefore, the mass ratio is preferably 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.005 or more, and still more preferably 0.01 or more. Moreover, when the mass ratio is large, the amount of acid and base required for neutralization tends to be large. Therefore, the mass ratio is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 20 or less, even more preferably 10 or less.
- the reaction solution may be prepared so that the polycarbonate resin is completely dissolved, but it is preferably prepared so that it is in the form of a slurry in which the polycarbonate resin is dispersed. Even if the prepared reaction solution is in the form of a slurry, as the decomposition reaction progresses, the polycarbonate resin will completely dissolve in the solvent, so a homogeneous liquid (decomposed liquid that is not in the form of a slurry) can be obtained at the end of the PC decomposition process. Can be done. Even if the polycarbonate resin remains at the end of the PC decomposition process, the polycarbonate resin is completely dissolved, and a decomposition liquid that is not in the form of a slurry can be obtained. Note that a decomposition reaction may occur in parallel with the preparation of the reaction solution.
- the PC decomposition step it is preferable to decompose the polycarbonate resin in a slurry-like reaction liquid in which polycarbonate resin is dispersed to obtain a non-slurry-like decomposition liquid containing bisphenol (a homogeneous liquid in which bisphenol is dissolved).
- a decomposition reaction while dissolving a portion of the polycarbonate resin in a solvent in the form of a slurry in which polycarbonate resin is dispersed, only the dissolved polycarbonate resin participates in the reaction, making it easier to control the reaction and reducing the amount of organic solvent. The amount can be reduced and manufacturing efficiency can be further improved.
- waste plastic containing polycarbonate resin usually contains other resins and additives. If these components are insoluble in the solvent used in the PC decomposition step, they remain as insoluble components in the resulting decomposition solution, but the polycarbonate resin and the bisphenol produced by decomposition of the polycarbonate resin are dissolved. In this case, by filtering the decomposed liquid, a decomposed liquid containing bisphenol that is not in the form of a slurry can be obtained. When using waste plastic as a raw material for decomposition, it is preferable to filter the decomposition liquid after the decomposition reaction before use.
- the decomposition temperature is not particularly limited. An appropriate temperature can be set depending on the melting point and boiling point of the raw materials used for each decomposition method. If the temperature is too low, there are concerns that the solubility of the polycarbonate resin will decrease and the decomposition liquid will solidify, so it is generally preferable to carry out the reaction at a temperature of 10°C or higher, more preferably a temperature of 20°C or higher. If the temperature is too high, the solvent, raw materials, and catalyst may evaporate, making it difficult for decomposition to proceed. Therefore, it is preferable to carry out the heating at 200°C or lower, and more preferably to carry out at 180°C or lower.
- the reaction time is appropriately selected depending on the solubility of the polycarbonate resin, reaction temperature, etc., but if it is too long, the produced bisphenol tends to decompose, so it is preferably within 30 hours, more preferably 25 hours. within 20 hours, more preferably within 20 hours. Furthermore, if the reaction time is short, the decomposition reaction may not proceed sufficiently, so the reaction time is preferably 0.1 hour or longer, more preferably 0.5 hour or longer, and still more preferably 1 hour or longer.
- the process of preparing a purified liquid to be adsorbed is a process of preparing a purified liquid to be adsorbed to be subjected to an adsorption purification process from a decomposed liquid containing bisphenol.
- the decomposed liquid is roughly purified using methods such as neutralization, water washing, distillation, and crystallization, and the pH of the decomposed liquid is adjusted as appropriate. , prepare a purified liquid to be adsorbed to be subjected to an adsorption purification process.
- the amount of water in the decomposition liquid can be reduced, it is preferable to distill and/or crystallize the decomposition liquid to concentrate bisphenol in the process of preparing the adsorbed purified liquid. Furthermore, the amount of water in the decomposed solution can be reduced by using membrane separation, a dehydrating agent, or a hydrophobic solvent that is difficult to mix with water, and these operations can be used in combination.
- the adsorption purification step and bisphenol recovery step are as described above.
- the adsorption purification step the adsorbent purified liquid obtained in the adsorption purified liquid preparation step is brought into contact with an adsorbent, the adsorbed purified liquid is purified, and an adsorption purified liquid is obtained.
- bisphenol recovery step bisphenol is recovered from the adsorption purified liquid by using crystallization or by using an existing bisphenol production plant.
- the bisphenol production method (2) shown in Figure 2 consists of a polycarbonate resin decomposition step (PC decomposition step) in which polycarbonate resin is chemically decomposed to obtain a bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid, and a bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid is distilled.
- PC decomposition step polycarbonate resin decomposition step
- an adsorption purification process to obtain an adsorbed purified liquid by bringing the concentrated liquid into contact with an adsorbent
- BP recovery process bisphenol recovery process
- the method (2) for producing bisphenol involves performing a concentration step as the step for preparing the purified liquid to be adsorbed in the method (1) for producing bisphenol.
- the method for producing bisphenol (2) is the same as the method for producing bisphenol (1) except for the concentration step.
- the concentration step the bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid is distilled to remove a portion of the solvent and decomposition agent to obtain a bisphenol-enriched concentrate. Furthermore, when the bisphenol-containing decomposed liquid or concentrated liquid does not exhibit basicity, a basic compound is mixed with the bisphenol-containing decomposed liquid or concentrated liquid to adjust the pH. The obtained concentrated liquid is used as a purified liquid to be adsorbed. Distillation conditions can be appropriately set depending on the type and amount of the solvent and decomposition agent used in the polycarbonate resin decomposition step. The concentration in the concentration step is preferably adjusted to a concentration range in which bisphenol in the concentrate does not precipitate at the treatment temperature of the adsorption purification step.
- the solution (distillate) removed in the concentration step can be recycled and reused in the polycarbonate resin decomposition step.
- the bisphenol production method (3) shown in Figure 3 consists of a polycarbonate resin decomposition step (PC decomposition step) in which a polycarbonate resin is chemically decomposed to obtain a bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid, and a bisphenol-containing decomposition liquid is crystallized.
- a crude crystallization step involves solid-liquid separation into a solid component containing bisphenol and a crude crystallization mother liquor to obtain a solid component containing bisphenol, and a step in which the solid component containing bisphenol is redissolved to reduce its basicity.
- a re-dissolution step in which a re-dissolved solution is prepared, an adsorption purification step in which an adsorbent is brought into contact with the obtained re-dissolved solution to obtain an adsorption-purified solution, and a bisphenol recovery step (BP recovery step) in which bisphenol is recovered from the adsorption-purified solution. ) and has.
- the method for producing bisphenol (3) involves performing a crude crystallization step and a redissolution step as the step for preparing the purified liquid to be adsorbed in the method for producing bisphenol (1).
- the method for producing bisphenol (3) is the same as the method for producing bisphenol (1) except for the coarse crystallization step and the redissolution step.
- the rough crystallization step is a step in which a bisphenol-containing decomposed liquid is crystallized and solid-liquid separated into a bisphenol-containing solid component and a crude crystallization mother liquor to obtain a bisphenol-containing solid component.
- waste plastic usually contains components other than the raw resin, such as additives, other resins, and coating films. Some of these other components are more easily removed in the coarse crystallization step than in the adsorption purification step. Therefore, when waste plastics are used as a raw material for decomposition, the bisphenol production method (3) is particularly preferable.
- the decomposed liquid obtained in the polycarbonate resin decomposition step is cooled to obtain a slurry in which bisphenol has been precipitated.
- this slurry By subjecting this slurry to solid-liquid separation, it can be separated into a solid component containing bisphenol and a crude crystallization mother liquor.
- the crude crystallization step may be performed by distilling the decomposition liquid to remove at least a portion of the decomposition agent and solvent, concentrating the bisphenol, and then using the concentrated liquid.
- the crude crystallization mother liquor separated into solid and liquid in the crude crystallization step contains a decomposing agent and a solvent, it can be recycled to the polycarbonate resin decomposition step and reused for decomposing the polycarbonate resin.
- the re-dissolving step is a step of re-dissolving the solid component containing bisphenol to prepare a basic re-dissolving solution.
- the obtained redissolved solution is used as a purified solution to be adsorbed.
- Examples of methods for preparing the redissolution solution include a method in which a solid component containing bisphenol is dissolved in an organic solvent for preparing the redissolution solution. If the pH of the redissolved solution when dissolved in an organic solvent is basic, it can be used as is. If the pH of the redissolved solution is acidic, a basic compound is mixed to adjust the pH to basic.
- the organic solvent for preparing the re-dissolution solution is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve bisphenol at the temperature at which it is brought into contact with the adsorbent, and aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic monoalcohols, halogenated solvents, dialkyl carbonates, etc. Solvents such as the following can be used.
- organic solvent for preparing the redissolution solution one or more selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, cresol, methylene chloride, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate can be used.
- the bisphenol obtained in the PC decomposition step is bisphenol A
- adduct crystals of bisphenol A and phenol will be obtained as a solid component.
- this adduct crystal is heated and melted, it becomes a phenol solution containing bisphenol A. Therefore, if the solid component obtained in the rough crystallization step is an adduct crystal of bisphenol A and phenol, bisphenol A can be redissolved by heating and melting the adduct crystal of bisphenol A and phenol.
- a lysis solution may also be prepared.
- a re-dissolution solution may be prepared by dissolving the adduct crystals of bisphenol A and phenol in another organic solvent such as an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- the re-dissolution solution should not be a slurry solution in which bisphenol is dispersed, but a homogeneous solution in which bisphenol is completely dissolved. preferable.
- the water content in the redissolved solution can be adjusted by distilling the redissolved solution to remove at least part of the water in the redissolved solution. You can also do it. Distillation to remove water in the redissolved solution (dehydrating distillation) is not particularly limited as long as water evaporates, but water can be distilled by heating to about 80°C to 100°C under reduced pressure. It's better to leave.
- FIG. 4 is an example of a flow diagram more specifically showing the method (3) for producing bisphenol.
- aromatic monoalcohol and basic catalyst are used, or aromatic monoalcohol and basic catalyst are combined with water or aliphatic monoalcohol.
- a bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin is decomposed in the presence of a bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin to obtain a decomposed liquid containing bisphenol A (BPA).
- a rough crystallization step is performed, and solid-liquid separation is performed into a solid component containing bisphenol A and a rough crystallization mother liquor.
- the crude crystallization mother liquor is recycled to the polycarbonate resin decomposition process and reused.
- the solid component separated into solid and liquid in the rough crystallization step is dissolved in an organic solvent (for example, an aromatic hydrocarbon) to obtain a redissolution solution.
- an organic solvent for example, an aromatic hydrocarbon
- the adduct crystal may be melted by heating and then appropriately dehydrated and distilled to obtain a re-dissolved solution.
- the redissolution liquid and the adsorbent are brought into contact to obtain an adsorption purification liquid.
- a water washing step is performed in which the adsorption and purification liquid is washed with water to obtain an organic phase containing bisphenol A. Specifically, the adsorption purification liquid and water are mixed, separated into an organic phase containing bisphenol A and an aqueous phase, and the aqueous phase is removed to obtain an organic phase. Further, washing with water is repeated until the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase becomes 10 ⁇ S/cm or less.
- the organic phase obtained in the water washing step is crystallized to precipitate bisphenol A, followed by solid-liquid separation into bisphenol A and a crystallization mother liquor to obtain bisphenol A. Furthermore, bisphenol A is dried if necessary. Further, the obtained crystallization mother liquor can be recycled and reused in the PC decomposition step and redissolution step.
- FIG. 5 is another example of a flow diagram more specifically showing the method (3) for producing bisphenol.
- the polycarbonate resin decomposition step is performed in the presence of an aromatic monoalcohol and a basic catalyst, or in the presence of an aromatic monoalcohol, a basic catalyst, and water or an aliphatic monoalcohol.
- a bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin is decomposed in the presence of a bisphenol A type polycarbonate resin to obtain a decomposed liquid containing bisphenol A (BPA).
- a rough crystallization step is performed to obtain a solid component (crude cake) containing bisphenol A.
- the solid component is dissolved in phenol, and then dehydrated and distilled as appropriate to obtain a redissolved solution.
- the adduct crystal may be melted by heating and then appropriately dehydrated and distilled to obtain a re-dissolved solution.
- the redissolution liquid and the adsorbent are brought into contact to obtain an adsorption purification liquid.
- bisphenol A in the adsorption purification liquid is recovered using a BPA production plant that continuously produces bisphenol A from phenol and acetone.
- the BPA manufacturing plant carries out processes including the following steps A1 to G1.
- Step A1 Acetone and phenol are dehydrated and condensed in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing bisphenol A.
- Step B1 Unreacted acetone and water are distilled off from the reaction solution obtained in Step A1.
- Step C1 Separate the slurry obtained by crystallizing the concentrated liquid obtained in Step B1 into solid-liquid and separate it into a mother liquor and a cake
- Step D1 The cake obtained in Step C1
- Step E1 A part of the mother liquor obtained in Step C1 is circulated and supplied to Step A1
- Step F1 Bisphenol A in the mother liquor obtained in Step C1 is purified under alkaline conditions.
- Step G1 The solution obtained in step F1 is Process of supplying to process A
- the bisphenol A in the adsorption and purification liquid is combined with bisphenol A produced by the condensation reaction of acetone and phenol at the BPA manufacturing plant. They are purified and collected together.
- the bisphenol production methods (1) to (3), (3a), and (3b) were explained using polycarbonate resin as the raw material resin, but instead of the polycarbonate resin decomposition step, epoxy resin was used as the raw material resin.
- the decomposition step may be performed using a mixture of epoxy resin and polycarbonate resin. Similar to polycarbonate resins, waste plastics containing epoxy resins can be used as raw materials for decomposition, and post-consumer materials are one of the suitable raw materials for decomposition.
- R 1 to R 6 in general formula (3) have the same meanings as R 1 to R 6 in formula (1) above.
- epoxy resins bisphenol A - type It is suitable to use epoxy resin as the raw material resin.
- R 7 in general formula (3) examples include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, and a carboxyl group.
- a hydrogen atom for example, hydrogen atom, fluoro group, chloro group, bromo group, iodo group, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, t-butyl group, n- Pentyl group, i-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n -Propoxy group, i-propoxy group, n-butoxy group,
- n is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 2 to 1000.
- Bisphenol obtained by the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention can be used for optical materials, recording materials, insulating materials, transparent materials, electronic materials, adhesive materials, and heat-resistant materials.
- Various thermoplastic resins used for various purposes such as polyether resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenol resin, polybenzoxazine resin It can be used as a component, a curing agent, an additive, or a precursor thereof for various thermosetting resins such as cyanate resin. It is also useful as an additive for color developers, anti-fading agents, bactericides, antibacterial and antifungal agents, etc. for heat-sensitive recording materials.
- thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins because it can impart good color tone and good mechanical properties
- the present invention provides a polycarbonate resin comprising the steps of obtaining bisphenol by the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention, and producing a polycarbonate resin using a bisphenol raw material containing the obtained bisphenol (bisphenol of the present invention).
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the manufacturing method of the polycarbonate resin of the present invention").
- the polycarbonate resin can be produced by a method of transesterifying a bisphenol raw material and a diester carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate in the presence of an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline earth metal compound.
- a bisphenol raw material the bisphenol of the present invention may be used alone, or the bisphenol of the present invention and bisphenol obtained by a method other than the method for producing bisphenol of the present invention may be used in combination.
- the above transesterification reaction can be carried out by appropriately selecting a known method, but an example using bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate as raw materials will be described below.
- diphenyl carbonate is preferably used in an excess amount relative to bisphenol A.
- the amount of diphenyl carbonate used relative to the bisphenol A is preferably large because the produced polycarbonate resin has few terminal hydroxyl groups and the polymer has excellent thermal stability. It is preferable that the amount is small in terms of ease of manufacturing the polycarbonate resin.
- the amount of diphenyl carbonate used per 1 mol of bisphenol A is usually 1.001 mol or more, preferably 1.002 mol or more, and usually 1.3 mol or less, preferably 1.2 mol. Less than a mole.
- bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate can be supplied in solid form, but it is preferable to melt one or both of them and supply them in a liquid state.
- a transesterification catalyst When producing polycarbonate resin through the transesterification reaction of diphenyl carbonate and bisphenol A, a transesterification catalyst is usually used.
- an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline earth metal compound as the transesterification catalyst. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more in any combination and ratio. Practically speaking, it is desirable to use an alkali metal compound.
- the amount of catalyst used per mole of bisphenol A or diphenyl carbonate is usually 0.05 ⁇ mol or more, preferably 0.08 ⁇ mol or more, more preferably 0.10 ⁇ mol or more, and usually 100 ⁇ mol or less, preferably is 50 ⁇ mol or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ mol or less.
- both raw materials supplied to a raw material mixing tank are uniformly stirred and then supplied to a polymerization tank where a catalyst is added to produce a polymer.
- Al-deposited PC Al-deposited PC
- the aluminum vapor-deposited polycarbonate resin composition uses polycarbonate resin "NOVAREX (registered trademark) M7022J" from Mitsubishi Chemical Engineering Plastics Co., Ltd., and molds the plate into a 60 mm x 60 mm x 3 mm plate, which is then aluminum vapor-deposited at Kanto Kohki Co., Ltd. I used the processed one.
- Polycarbonate resin composition containing light diffusing material (light diffusing material-PC), polycarbonate resin composition containing titanium oxide (TiO 2 -PC), polycarbonate resin composition containing carbon black (CB-PC)
- the light-diffusing material-containing polycarbonate resin composition, the titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition, and the carbon black-containing polycarbonate resin composition used polycarbonate resin "NOVAREX (registered trademark) M7022J” from Mitsubishi Chemical Engineering Plastics Corporation, and each Silicone fine particles (KMP-590 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), titanium dioxide (reagent manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and carbon black (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) were added in an amount of 0.5% by mass to the polycarbonate resin.
- the mixture was supplied to a twin-screw extruder (TEX30HSST manufactured by Japan Steel Works, Ltd.) equipped with one vent, and the conditions were as follows: screw rotation speed 200 rpm, discharge rate 15 kg/hour, barrel temperature 280°C.
- the molten resin was kneaded and extruded into strands, rapidly cooled in a water tank, and pelletized using a pelletizer.
- Phenol, sodium hydrogen carbonate, toluene, dodecanethiol, acetonitrile, cesium carbonate, activated clay, acid clay, and activated carbon (powder) were reagents manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Diphenyl carbonate was a product of Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- the Hazen color number of a methylene chloride solution containing 10% by mass of this decomposition raw material was measured, and the value obtained by multiplying the measured value by 10 was defined as the methylene chloride dissolution color of the decomposition raw material.
- ⁇ Waste polycarbonate resin composition (headlamp PC): 760 ⁇ Aluminium-deposited polycarbonate resin composition (Al-deposited PC): 160 ⁇ Light-diffusing material-containing polycarbonate resin composition (light-diffusing material-PC): 260 ⁇ Titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition (TiO 2 -PC): 1440 ⁇ Carbon black-containing polycarbonate resin composition (CB-PC): 0
- the brightness of the 10% by mass methylene chloride solution of the decomposition raw material (RM) used in the Examples and Comparative Examples was as follows.
- ⁇ Waste polycarbonate resin composition (headlamp PC): 96.8 ⁇ Aluminium-deposited polycarbonate resin composition (Al-deposited PC): 97.6 ⁇ Light-diffusing material-containing polycarbonate resin composition (light-diffusing material-PC): 97.7 ⁇ Titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition (TiO 2 -PC): 18.8 ⁇ Carbon black-containing polycarbonate resin composition (CB-PC): 60.7
- the obtained organic phase a2 was returned to the separable flask again, 100 g of water was added, and after stirring for 15 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two phases to obtain an organic phase a3 and an aqueous phase a4.
- the aqueous phase a4 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 46.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase a6 was 2.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was two times, and the amount of waste water was calculated per gram of waste polycarbonate resin composition (raw material for decomposition (RM)) supplied to the decomposition process. It was 1.7g.
- Example 2 380 g of the crude crystallization mother liquor obtained in Example 1 (containing 271.7 g of phenol, 26.2 g of BPA, 1.1 g of dodecanethiol, and 80.9 g of a 7% by mass aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution), 88.9 g of phenol. 3 g of a 7% by mass aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and 1.3 g of dodecanethiol were added at room temperature.
- the reaction solution was in the form of a slurry. Thereafter, the internal temperature was raised to 90°C, and the reaction was carried out for 4 hours while maintaining the temperature at 90°C, to obtain a decomposition liquid (uniform solution). A part of this decomposition liquid was analyzed for composition by high performance liquid chromatography, and the production of bisphenol A was confirmed.
- compositional analysis of a portion of the crude cake after washing by high performance liquid chromatography it was confirmed that it was an adduct crystal in which phenol was added to bisphenol A.
- Composition analysis of the obtained crude crystallization mother liquor by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography revealed that it contained 72.1% by mass of phenol, 6.8% by mass of bisphenol A, and 0.3% by mass of dodecanethiol. The remaining 20.8% by mass was treated as a 7% by mass aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution.
- the obtained organic phase b2 was returned to the separable flask again, 100 g of water was added, and after stirring for 15 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two phases, yielding an organic phase b3 and an aqueous phase b4.
- the aqueous phase b4 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 59.4 ⁇ S/cm.
- Water was added to the organic phase b3 again and the same operation was performed to obtain an organic phase b5 and an aqueous phase b6.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase b6 was 2.5 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of times of water washing required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 2 times, and the amount of waste water was 1.7 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 79 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA61.
- Example 2 380 g of the crude crystallization mother liquor obtained in Example 2 (containing 274.0 g of phenol, 25.8 g of bisphenol A, 1.1 g of dodecanethiol, and 79.0 g of a 7% by mass aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution), crystalline 47.6 g of distillation pot residue of the mother liquor (containing 5.6 g of toluene, 34.5 g of phenol, and 7.4 g of bisphenol A), 45.8 g of phenol, 28.0 g of a 7% by mass aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and 1.3 g of dodecanethiol. I put it in at room temperature. The reaction solution was in the form of a slurry.
- This organic phase c1 was mixed with 20.0 g of activated clay and 10 g of Celite and passed through a simple column lined with a glass filter to obtain an organic phase c2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the obtained organic phase c2 was returned to the separable flask again, 100 g of water was added, and after stirring for 15 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two phases to obtain an organic phase c3 and an aqueous phase c4.
- the aqueous phase c4 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, cooled to 25° C., and its electrical conductivity was measured to be 50.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- Water was added to the organic phase c3 again and the same operation was performed to obtain an organic phase c5 and an aqueous phase c6.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase c6 was 3.2 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of times of water washing required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 2 times, and the amount of waste water was 1.7 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 82 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA60.
- Example 1 (Decomposition process and crude crystallization process) The same operations as the decomposition step and crude crystallization step of Example 1 were carried out to obtain 160 g of a crude cake (solid component) and 382 g of a crude crystallization mother liquor. 450 g of warm water was sprinkled on the rough cake to wash off the phenol on the surface of the crystals. As a result of compositional analysis of a portion of the washed crude cake by high performance liquid chromatography, it was confirmed that it was an adduct crystal in which phenol was added to bisphenol A.
- the obtained organic phase d1 was returned to the separable flask again, and the same operation as in the water washing step of Example 1 was performed to obtain an organic phase d2 and an aqueous phase d3.
- the aqueous phase d3 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 450 ⁇ S/cm.
- Water was added to the organic phase d2 again and the same operation was repeated to obtain an organic phase d4.
- the final electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase was 5.3 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 5 times, and the amount of waste water was 4.2 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 60 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA210.
- the obtained organic phase e1 was returned to the separable flask again, and the same operation as in the water washing step of Example 1 was performed to obtain an organic phase e2 and an aqueous phase e3.
- the aqueous phase e3 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 472 ⁇ S/cm.
- Water was added to the organic phase e2 again and the same operation was repeated to obtain an organic phase e4.
- the final electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase was 6.0 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 5 times, and the amount of waste water was 4.2 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 79 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA500.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 4 times, and the amount of waste water was 3.3 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 62 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA64.
- Example 4 (Decomposition process) The same operation as in the decomposition step of Example 1 was carried out to obtain a decomposition solution (uniform solution) containing bisphenol A.
- the number of times of water washing required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 2 times, and the amount of waste water was 1.7 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 62 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA45.
- Table 1 summarizes the results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- bisphenol with excellent color tone can be obtained by treating the adsorbed purified liquid containing bisphenol obtained by depolymerizing a waste polycarbonate resin composition with an adsorbent. Moreover, the amount of waste water can be reduced.
- Example 5 10.00 g (0.04 mol) of bisphenol A obtained in Example 1 and 9.95 g (0.05 mol) of diphenyl carbonate were placed in a 45 mL glass reaction tank equipped with a stirrer and a distillation tube. ) and 18 ⁇ L of a 400 mass ppm cesium carbonate aqueous solution were added. The pressure in the glass reaction tank was reduced to about 100 Pa, and then the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure with nitrogen, which was repeated three times to replace the inside of the reaction tank with nitrogen. Thereafter, the reaction vessel was immersed in a 220°C oil bath to dissolve the contents.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 100 times per minute, and the pressure in the reaction tank was reduced to absolute pressure over a period of 40 minutes while distilling off the phenol produced by the oligomerization reaction of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the reaction tank.
- the pressure was reduced from 101.3 kPa to 13.3 kPa.
- the pressure inside the reaction tank was maintained at 13.3 kPa, and the transesterification reaction was carried out for 80 minutes while further distilling off the phenol.
- the external temperature of the reaction tank was raised to 290°C, and the pressure inside the reaction tank was reduced from 13.3 kPa to 399 Pa in absolute pressure over 40 minutes, and the distilled phenol was removed from the system.
- the absolute pressure of the reaction tank was reduced to 30 Pa, and a polycondensation reaction was performed.
- the polycondensation reaction was terminated when the stirrer in the reaction tank reached a predetermined stirring power.
- the time from raising the temperature to 290°C to completing the polymerization was 120 minutes.
- the pressure in the reaction tank was restored to 101.3 kPa in terms of absolute pressure using nitrogen, and then the pressure was increased to 0.2 MPa in terms of gauge pressure, and the polycarbonate resin was extracted from the reaction tank to obtain a polycarbonate resin.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the obtained polycarbonate resin was 26,300.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 100 times per minute, and the pressure in the reaction tank was reduced to absolute pressure over 40 minutes while distilling off the phenol produced by the oligomerization reaction of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the reaction tank.
- the pressure was reduced from 101.3 kPa to 13.3 kPa.
- the pressure inside the reaction tank was maintained at 13.3 kPa and the transesterification reaction was carried out for 80 minutes while further distilling off phenol, but the distillation of phenol stopped during the reaction and polymerization did not proceed.
- this decomposition liquid was analyzed for composition by high performance liquid chromatography, and the production of bisphenol A was confirmed.
- 5.0 g of a sulfuric acid aqueous solution adjusted to 70% by mass was supplied to this decomposed liquid to partially neutralize the sodium hydrogen carbonate.
- This decomposed solution was filtered using circular quantitative filter paper No. manufactured by Advantech Co., Ltd.
- a clear decomposition liquid was obtained by vacuum filtration using 5A.
- the organic phase h1 obtained in the redissolution step was passed through a glass filter lined with 25 g of activated carbon, and filtered under slight pressure reduction using a vacuum pump to obtain an organic phase h2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the organic phase h2 obtained in the adsorption purification step was washed with water three times to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less by performing the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1 to obtain the organic phase h3. .
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the third time was 2.3 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 1.5 g per 1 g of waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 103 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA52.
- Example 7 (Decomposition process) A polycarbonate resin was decomposed under the same conditions as in Example 6, except that the raw material for decomposition (RM) was changed to a polycarbonate resin composition containing a light-diffusing material, and a decomposed liquid was obtained.
- RM raw material for decomposition
- the organic phase i1 obtained in the redissolution step was passed through a glass filter lined with 25 g of activated carbon, and filtered under slight pressure reduction using a vacuum pump to obtain an organic phase i2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the obtained organic phase i2 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed three times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, thereby obtaining an organic phase i3.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the third time was 3.1 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 1.5 g per 1 g of the light-diffusing material-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 99 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA25 and had an L* (lightness) of 99.4.
- Example 8 (Decomposition process) A polycarbonate resin was decomposed under the same conditions as in Example 6, except that the raw material for decomposition (RM) was changed to an aluminum-deposited polycarbonate resin composition, and a decomposed liquid was obtained.
- RM raw material for decomposition
- the organic phase j1 obtained in the redissolution step was passed through a glass filter lined with 25 g of activated carbon, and filtered under slight pressure reduction using a vacuum pump to obtain an organic phase j2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the obtained organic phase j2 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed three times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, thereby obtaining an organic phase j3.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the third time was 2.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 1.5 g per 1 g of the aluminum-deposited polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 101 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA38.
- Example 9 (Decomposition process) The polycarbonate resin was decomposed under the same conditions as in Example 6, except that the raw material for decomposition (RM) was changed to a titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition, and partial neutralization with 70% sulfuric acid was not performed. I got it.
- RM raw material for decomposition
- the organic phase k1 obtained in the redissolution step was passed through a glass filter lined with 25 g of activated carbon, and filtered under slight pressure reduction using a vacuum pump to obtain an organic phase k2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the obtained organic phase k2 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed three times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, thereby obtaining an organic phase k3.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the third time was 3.5 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 1.5 g per 1 g of the titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 100 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA30 and had an L* (lightness) of 98.7.
- Example 10 (Decomposition process) The polycarbonate resin was decomposed under the same conditions as in Example 6, except that the raw material for decomposition (RM) was changed to a polycarbonate resin composition containing carbon black, and partial neutralization with 70% sulfuric acid was not performed. I got it.
- RM raw material for decomposition
- the organic phase m1 obtained in the redissolution step was passed through a glass filter lined with 25 g of activated carbon, and filtered under slight pressure reduction using a vacuum pump to obtain an organic phase m2 (adsorption purified liquid).
- the obtained organic phase m2 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed three times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, thereby obtaining an organic phase m3.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the third time was 3.1 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 1.5 g per 1 g of the carbon black-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 103 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA36 and had an L* (lightness) of 98.6.
- the reaction solution was in the form of a slurry. Thereafter, the internal temperature was raised to 90°C, and the reaction was carried out for 4 hours while maintaining the temperature at 90°C, to obtain a decomposition liquid (uniform solution). A part of this decomposition liquid was analyzed for composition by high performance liquid chromatography, and the production of bisphenol A was confirmed.
- the obtained organic phase n2 was returned to the separable flask again, 100 g of water was added, and after stirring for 15 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two phases to obtain an organic phase n3 and an aqueous phase n4.
- the aqueous phase n4 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 320.1 ⁇ S/cm. Water was added to organic phase n3 again and the same operation was performed to obtain organic phase n5. The final electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase was 3.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 4 times, and the amount of waste water was 3.3 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained organic phase o2 was returned to the separable flask again, 100 g of water was added, and after stirring for 15 minutes, the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 minutes to separate into two phases, yielding an organic phase o3 and an aqueous phase o4.
- the aqueous phase o4 was taken out into a heat-resistant bottle, and after cooling to 25° C., the electrical conductivity was measured and found to be 1003 ⁇ S/cm.
- Organic phase o3 water was added again and the same operation was performed to obtain organic phase o5.
- the final electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase was 4.0 ⁇ S/cm.
- the number of washings required to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less was 5 times, and the amount of waste water was 4.2 g per 1 g of the waste polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained fine cake was dried using a rotary evaporator to obtain 50 g of bisphenol A.
- the bisphenol A melt was APHA56.
- the obtained organic phase p1 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed with water five times to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, to obtain an organic phase p2.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the fifth time was 3.1 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 2.5 g per 1 g of the light-diffusing material-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained organic phase r1 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed five times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, thereby obtaining an organic phase r2.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase at the fifth time was 2.8 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 2.5 g per 1 g of the aluminum-deposited polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained organic phase s1 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed four times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, to obtain an organic phase s2.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the fourth time was 3.3 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 2.0 g per 1 g of the titanium oxide-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- the obtained organic phase t1 was subjected to the same operation as the water washing step of Example 1, and washed four times with water to satisfy the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase of 10 ⁇ S/cm or less, to obtain an organic phase t2.
- the electrical conductivity of the aqueous phase for the fourth time was 4.2 ⁇ S/cm.
- the amount of waste water was 2.0 g per 1 g of the carbon black-containing polycarbonate resin composition supplied to the decomposition process.
- Table 3 summarizes the results of Examples 6 to 10, and Table 4 summarizes the results of Comparative Examples 5 to 10.
- Examples 7 to 10 in Table 3 and Comparative Examples 7 to 10 in Table 4 it is difficult to completely remove additives in the decomposition raw material using a general bisphenol purification method that does not involve adsorption purification. This causes deterioration in the color tone of recycled bisphenol.
- adsorption purification it is possible to efficiently remove the additive and obtain regenerated bisphenol with excellent color (almost colorless and no turbidity).
- Example 6 in Table 3 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 in Table 4 by performing adsorption purification in a state where the purified liquid to be adsorbed exhibits basicity, the yield can be improved and the amount of waste water can be reduced.
- Example 11 10.00 g (0.04 mol) of bisphenol A obtained in Example 8 and 9.95 g (0.05 mol) of diphenyl carbonate were placed in a 45 mL glass reaction tank equipped with a stirrer and a distillation tube. And 18 ⁇ L of a 400 mass ppm cesium carbonate aqueous solution was added. The pressure in the glass reaction tank was reduced to about 100 Pa, and then the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure with nitrogen, which was repeated three times to replace the inside of the reaction tank with nitrogen. Thereafter, the reaction vessel was immersed in a 220°C oil bath to dissolve the contents.
- the rotation speed of the stirrer was set to 100 times per minute, and the pressure in the reaction tank was increased to 101 in absolute pressure over 40 minutes while distilling off the phenol produced by the oligomerization reaction of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the reaction tank.
- the pressure was reduced from .3 kPa to 13.3 kPa.
- the external temperature of the reaction tank was raised to 290° C., and the pressure inside the reaction tank was reduced from 13.3 kPa to 399 Pa in absolute pressure over 40 minutes, and the distilled phenol was removed from the system.
- the absolute pressure of the reaction tank was reduced to 30 Pa, and a polycondensation reaction was performed.
- the polycondensation reaction was terminated when the stirrer in the reaction tank reached a predetermined stirring power.
- the time from raising the temperature to 290°C to completing the polymerization was 135 minutes.
- the pressure in the reaction tank was restored to 101.3 kPa in terms of absolute pressure using nitrogen, and then the pressure was increased to 0.2 MPa in terms of gauge pressure, and the polycarbonate resin was extracted from the reaction tank to obtain a polycarbonate resin.
- the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the obtained polycarbonate resin was 26,100.
- Example 11 A polycarbonate resin was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 11, except that bisphenol A obtained in Comparative Example 6 was used. The absolute pressure was reduced from 101.3 kPa to 13.3 kPa while distilling off the phenol produced by the oligomerization reaction of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the reaction tank, but the distillation of phenol stopped during the reaction. Polymerization did not proceed any further.
- Example 11 Compared to Example 11, the polymerization reaction proceeded slowly, and it took 235 minutes from the time the temperature was raised to 290°C until the polymerization was completed. Moreover, the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the obtained polycarbonate resin was 19,900.
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Abstract
Description
ケミカルリサイクルであっても、粒径がナノメートル~マイクロメートル単位の微粒子である顔料や光拡散材などを完全に取り除くことは容易でなく、また、アルミニウムはポリカーボネートを重合する際の阻害因子となるため、極低濃度(1質量ppm未満)でコントロールすることが要求される。
すなわち、本発明は、以下の発明に係るものである。
<2> 前記被吸着精製液のpHが、7.1以上である、前記<1>に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<3> 前記被吸着精製液が、前記ビスフェノール骨格を構成するベンゼン環上の少なくとも2つの炭素原子がそれぞれ酸素原子と二重結合した構造を有するビスフェノール類縁体を含有する、前記<1>又は<2>に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<4> 前記被吸着精製液中の水の含有量が10質量%以下である、前記<1>から<3>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<5> 前記被吸着精製液中の有機溶媒の含有量が20質量%以上である、前記<1>から<4>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<6> 前記有機溶媒が、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、フェノール、クレゾール、塩化メチレン、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルからなる群から選ばれるいずれか1以上を含む、前記<1>から<5>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<7> 前記吸着材が、活性白土、酸性白土、活性炭及び陽イオン交換樹脂からなる群から選択されるいずれかを含む、前記<1>から<6>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<8> 前記吸着精製工程の前に、ポリカーボネート樹脂及び/又はエポキシ樹脂である原料樹脂を含有する分解用原料中の前記原料樹脂を化学的に分解し、前記ビスフェノールを得る分解工程を有する、前記<1>から<7>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<9> 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂を含有する廃プラスチックである、前記<8>に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<10> 前記廃プラスチックが、金属層及び/又は前記原料樹脂以外の樹脂により形成された樹脂層を備えたものである、前記<9>に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<11> 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂と、微粒子及び/又は極性低分子化合物とを含有する樹脂組成物である、前記<8>から<10>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<12> 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂と、光拡散材、紫外線吸収剤及び着色剤からなる群から選択される1以上とを含有する樹脂組成物である、前記<8>から<11>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<13> 前記分解用原料の濃度が10質量%である塩化メチレン溶液のハーゼン色数(APHA)に10を乗じた値が200以上であり、製造された前記ビスフェノールを175℃で30分加熱溶融して得られる溶融液のハーゼン色数(APHA)が100以下である、前記<8>から<12>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<14> 前記分解用原料の濃度が10質量%である塩化メチレン溶液の明度(L*)が80以下であり、製造された前記ビスフェノールを175℃で30分加熱溶融して得られる溶融液の明度(L*)が90以上である、前記<8>から<13>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<15> 水、芳香族モノアルコール及び脂肪族モノアルコールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上の分解剤の存在下で、前記原料樹脂を分解する前記<8>から<14>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<16> 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液から前記被吸着精製液を調製する被吸着精製液の調製工程と、を有する、前記<8>から<15>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<17> 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液を、蒸留により濃縮し、塩基性を呈する濃縮液を調製する濃縮工程と、を有し、前記吸着精製工程が、前記濃縮液と前記吸着材とを接触させて、前記吸着精製液を得る工程であり、前記濃縮工程で除去された溶液は、前記分解工程に供給されリサイクルされる、前記<8>から<15>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<18> 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液又は前記分解液を濃縮した濃縮液を晶析し、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分と粗晶析母液とに固液分離して、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を得る粗晶析工程と、前記ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を再溶解させて、塩基性を呈する再溶解液を調製する再溶解工程と、を有し、前記吸着精製工程が、前記再溶解液と前記吸着材とを接触させて、前記吸着精製液を得る工程であり、前記粗晶析工程で固液分離された粗晶析母液は、前記分解工程に供給されリサイクルされる、前記<8>から<15>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<19> 前記吸着精製液を、水と混合した後、ビスフェノールを含有する有機相と水相とに相分離し、前記水相を除去して、前記有機相を得る水洗工程と、前記水洗工程で得られた有機相からビスフェノールを析出させる精晶析工程と、を有し、前記水洗工程を、除去される前記水相の電気伝導度が10μS/cm以下となるまで繰り返した後、前記精晶析工程を行う、前記<1>から<18>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<20> 下記の工程A0~工程D0を含む、ケトン又はアルデヒドと芳香族モノアルコールとから前記ビスフェノールを得るビスフェノール合成工程を更に有し、前記吸着精製液を、下記の工程A0~工程D0のいずれか1つ以上の工程に供給する前記<1>から<18>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
工程A0:前記ケトン又はアルデヒドと前記芳香族モノアルコールとを、酸触媒の存在下で脱水縮合させ、前記ビスフェノールを含有する反応液を得る工程
工程B0:前記工程A0で得られた反応液から、未反応の前記ケトン又はアルデヒドと水とを留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C0:前記工程B0で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D0:前記工程C0で得られたケーキを精製して前記ビスフェノールを得る工程
<21> 前記ビスフェノールが、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンである、前記<1>から<20>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
<22> 下記の工程A1~工程G1を含むビスフェノールA合成工程を更に有し、前記吸着精製液を、下記の工程A~工程G1のいずれか1つ以上の工程に供給する前記<21>に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
工程A1:アセトンとフェノールとを、酸触媒の存在下で脱水縮合させ、ビスフェノールAを含む反応液を得る工程
工程B1:前記工程A1で得られた反応液から、未反応のアセトンと水とを留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C1:前記工程B1で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D1:前記工程C1で得られたケーキを精製してビスフェノールAを得る工程
工程E1:前記工程C1で得られた母液の一部を循環させて、前記工程A1に供給する工程
工程F1:前記工程C1で得られた母液中のビスフェノールAをアルカリ性条件下で、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールとに分解した後、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールを再結合させることでビスフェノールAを生成させ、ビスフェノールAを含む溶液を得る工程
工程G1:前記工程F1で得られた溶液を前記工程A1に供給する工程
<23> 前記<1>から<22>のいずれかに記載のビスフェノールの製造方法でビスフェノールを得る工程と、得られた前記ビスフェノールを含有するビスフェノール原料を用いて、ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造する工程と、を有するポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法。
本発明は、ビスフェノール及び有機溶媒を含有する被吸着精製液と吸着材とを接触させ、前記被吸着精製液を精製し、吸着精製液を得る吸着精製工程を有するビスフェノールの製造方法であり、前記被吸着精製液が塩基性を呈する、ビスフェノールの製造方法(以下、「本発明のビスフェノールの製造方法」と記載する場合がある。)に関するものである。
吸着精製工程は、ビスフェノール及び有機溶媒を含有する被吸着精製液と吸着材とを接触させ、被吸着精製液を精製し、吸着精製液を得る工程である。ビスフェノール及び有機溶媒を含有する被吸着精製液を吸着材と接触させることで、被吸着精製液中のビスフェノールの色調悪化を引き起こす着色成分などを効率的に除去することができる。
ビスフェノールは、通常、以下の一般式(1)で表される化合物である。
本発明における、被吸着精製液は、ビスフェノール及び有機溶媒を含有し、塩基性を呈するものである。被吸着精製液が塩基性を呈するとは、被吸着精製液のpHが7よりも大きいことを意味し、7.1以上が好ましい。被吸着精製液のpHは、例えば、被吸着精製液又はその一部をサンプリングし、これに、有機溶媒及び/又は水を加え、撹拌し、静置し、有機相と水相の2相に分離させたときの水相のpHを測定することで求めることができる。このときの水相のpHが7よりも大きければ、被吸着精製液は塩基性を呈すると判断できる。また、pHの測定が可能な組成であれば、被吸着精製液のpHを直接測定しても良い。
吸着精製工程では、吸着材を使用する。吸着材は比表面積が大きく、効率的に着色成分を吸着するものが好ましく、また、細孔を有し、ナトリウムやカリウムなどの金属原子を吸着するものが好ましい。一例として、活性白土、酸性白土、活性炭、陽イオン交換樹脂が挙げられる。これら吸着材は、1種類で用いても、複数の種類を混合して用いても良い。吸着材は、活性白土、酸性白土、活性炭及び陽イオン交換樹脂からなる群から選択されるいずれかを含むことが好ましく、主成分(吸着材中に50質量%以上)として含むことがより好ましい。また、ろ過性の向上や、脱水等を補助する目的で、活性白土、酸性白土、活性炭及び陽イオン交換樹脂からなる群から選択されるいずれかの吸着材に、モレキュラーシーブスや、シリカゲル、アルミナ、セライト、ゼオライトなどの一般的な吸着材を混合して用いても良い。
被吸着精製液と吸着材とを接触させる方法は、特に制限はされないが、一般的な方法として、被吸着精製液に吸着材を投入し、撹拌しながら十分に接触させた後、吸着材を濾別除去するコンタクト法と、吸着材が充填されたカラムに被吸着精製液を通液させるパーコレーション法がある。
吸着精製液からのビスフェノールを回収する方法は、特に限定されず、晶析やカラムクロマトグラフィーなどの簡便な手段により行うことが可能である。吸着精製液中のビスフェノールを回収する方法の一つとして、水洗工程及び精晶析工程、更に必要に応じて乾燥工程を経て、ビスフェノールを固体として取り出す方法が挙げられる。
工程B0:工程A0で得られた反応液から、未反応の前記ケトン又はアルデヒドと水とを留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C0:工程B0で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D0:工程C0で得られたケーキを精製して前記ビスフェノールを得る工程
本発明のビスフェノール製造方法は、吸着精製工程の前に、ポリカーボネート樹脂及び/又はエポキシ樹脂である原料樹脂を含有する分解用原料中の原料樹脂を化学的に分解し、ビスフェノールを得る分解工程を有することが好ましい。
図1に示すビスフェノールの製造方法(1)は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を化学的に分解し、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を得るポリカーボネート樹脂分解工程(PC分解工程)と、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液から、吸着精製工程に供する被吸着精製液を調製する被吸着精製液の調製工程と、被吸着精製液と吸着材を接触させ、吸着精製液を得る吸着精製工程と、吸着精製液からビスフェノールを回収するビスフェノール回収工程(BP回収工程)と、を有する。
ポリカーボネート樹脂分解工程は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を化学的に分解し、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を得る工程である。
ポリカーボネート樹脂は、カーボネート結合(-O-C(=O)-O-)を含む重合組成物を含むものである。具体的には、本発明のビスフェノールの製造方法で用いられるポリカーボネート樹脂は、一般式(2)で示される、ビスフェノールに由来する繰り返し単位(以下、単に「繰り返し単位」と記載する場合もある。)を含むものである。
ポリカーボネート樹脂を化学的に分解する方法は、得られるポリカーボネート樹脂の炭酸エステルユニット由来の生成物ごとに様々な分解方法が知られている。例えば、分解剤として水を利用する加水分解では、ポリカーボネート樹脂の炭酸エステルユニット由来の生成物は二酸化炭素として得られる。その他にも、分解剤としてフェノールを利用するフェノリシスや、分解剤としてアルコールを利用するアルコリシス、分解剤としてアミンを利用するアミノリシス等が挙げられる。いずれの分解方法を選択してもビスフェノールユニット由来生成物としてはビスフェノールが主生成物として得られる。
アルカリ金属炭酸塩としては炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素カリウムなどが挙げられる。
アルキルアミンとしては、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、トリメチルアミンなどが挙げられる。
酸としては、無機酸として塩酸、硫酸、リン酸が挙げられ、有機酸としてカルボン酸、スルホン酸が挙げられる。
被吸着精製液の調製工程は、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液から、吸着精製工程に供する被吸着精製液を調製する工程である。被吸着精製液の調製工程では、分解液を用いて、中和や水洗、蒸留、晶析等の方法を利用し、分解液を粗精製したり、分解液のpHを適宜調製したりして、吸着精製工程に供する被吸着精製液を調製する。分解液中の水分量を低減させることができるため、被吸着精製液の調製工程にて、分解液を、蒸留及び/又は晶析して、ビスフェノールを濃縮することが好ましい。また、膜分離や脱水剤、水と混和しにくい疎水性溶媒を用いて、分解液中の水分量を低減させることもでき、これらの操作は併用することができる。
図2に示すビスフェノールの製造方法(2)は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を化学的に分解し、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を得るポリカーボネート樹脂分解工程(PC分解工程)と、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を蒸留により濃縮し、塩基性を呈する濃縮液を調製する濃縮工程と、濃縮液と吸着材を接触させ、吸着精製液を得る吸着精製工程と、吸着精製液からビスフェノールを回収するビスフェノール回収工程(BP回収工程)と、を有する。
濃縮工程では、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を蒸留し、溶媒や分解剤の一部を除去して、ビスフェノールが濃縮された濃縮液を得る。また、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液又は濃縮液が塩基性を呈さない場合には、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液又は濃縮液に塩基性化合物を混合しpHを調整する。得られた濃縮液は、被吸着精製液として用いられる。蒸留の条件は、ポリカーボネート樹脂分解工程で用いられる溶媒や分解剤の種類や量に応じて、適宜設定することができる。濃縮工程における濃縮は、吸着精製工程の処理温度において濃縮液中のビスフェノールが析出しない濃度範囲になるよう調整するのが好ましい。
図3に示すビスフェノールの製造方法(3)は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を化学的に分解し、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を得るポリカーボネート樹脂分解工程(PC分解工程)と、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を晶析し、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分と粗晶析母液とに固液分離して、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を得る粗晶析工程と、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を再溶解させて、塩基性を呈する再溶解液を調製する再溶解工程と、得られた再溶解液と吸着材を接触させ、吸着精製液を得る吸着精製工程と、吸着精製液からビスフェノールを回収するビスフェノール回収工程(BP回収工程)と、を有する。
粗晶析工程は、ビスフェノールを含有する分解液を晶析し、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分と粗晶析母液とに固液分離して、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を得る工程である。上記の通り、廃プラスチックは、通常、添加剤、他の樹脂、塗膜等の原料樹脂以外の他の成分を含有する。これらの他の成分の中には、吸着精製工程よりも粗晶析工程で除去されやすい成分もある。そのため、廃プラスチックを分解用原料として用いる場合にはビスフェノールの製造方法(3)は特に好ましい。廃プラスチックを分解用原料として、より色調に優れたビスフェノールを得る場合には、PC分解工程においてポリカーボネート樹脂を分解後にろ過をして得られたビスフェノール分解液を用いて粗晶析工程を行うことがより好ましい。
再溶解工程は、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を再溶解させて、塩基性を呈する再溶解液を調製する工程である。得られた再溶解液は、被吸着精製液として用いられる。
図4は、ビスフェノールの製造方法(3)をより具体的に示すフロー図の一例である。
図5は、ビスフェノールの製造方法(3)をより具体的に示すフロー図の別の例である。
工程A1:アセトンとフェノールとを、酸触媒の存在下で脱水縮合させ、ビスフェノールAを含む反応液を得る工程
工程B1:工程A1で得られた反応液から、未反応のアセトンと水を留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C1:工程B1で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D1:工程C1で得られたケーキを精製してビスフェノールAを得る工程
工程E1:工程C1で得られた母液の一部を循環させて、工程A1に供給する工程
工程F1:工程C1で得られた母液中のビスフェノールAをアルカリ性条件下で、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールとに分解した後、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールを再結合させることでビスフェノールAを生成させ、ビスフェノールAを含む溶液を得る工程
工程G1:工程F1で得られた溶液を工程Aに供給する工程
本発明のビスフェノールの製造方法で得られるビスフェノール(以下、「本発明のビスフェノール」と記載する場合がある。)は、光学材料、記録材料、絶縁材料、透明材料、電子材料、接着材料、耐熱材料など種々の用途に用いられるポリエーテル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアリレ-ト樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリル樹脂など種々の熱可塑性樹脂や、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリベンゾオキサジン樹脂、シアネート樹脂など種々の熱硬化性樹脂などの構成成分、硬化剤、添加剤もしくはそれらの前駆体などとして用いることができる。また、感熱記録材料等の顕色剤や退色防止剤、殺菌剤、防菌防カビ剤等の添加剤としても有用である。
本発明は、本発明のビスフェノールの製造方法でビスフェノールを得る工程と、得られたビスフェノール(本発明のビスフェノール)を含有するビスフェノール原料を用いて、ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造する工程と、を有するポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法(以下、「本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法」と記載する場合がある。)に関するものである。
(1)ポリカーボネート樹脂を含有する分解用原料として、以下のものを用いた。
・廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(ヘッドランプPC)
2005年~2010年製造の普通自動車のポリカーボネート樹脂製のヘッドランプから、ディスクグラインダーで切り出したヘッドランプカバー(平均サイズ200mm×100mm×5mm;凹凸あり)10kgを使用した。
アルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、三菱ケミカルエンジニアリングプラスチックス株式会社のポリカーボネート樹脂「NOVAREX(登録商標) M7022J」を使用し、60mm×60mm×3mmのプレートを成形し、関東光器株式会社にてアルミニウム蒸着加工したものを使用した。
光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物、酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物、カーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、三菱ケミカルエンジニアリングプラスチックス株式会社のポリカーボネート樹脂「NOVAREX(登録商標) M7022J」を使用し、それぞれ、シリコーン系微粒子(信越化学工業株式会社製 KMP-590)、二酸化チタン(富士フィルム和光純薬株式会社製試薬)、カーボンブラック(三菱ケミカル株式会社製)を、ポリカーボネート樹脂に対し0.5質量%添加し、タンブラーにて20分混合した後、1ベントを備えた二軸押出機(株式会社日本製鋼所製TEX30HSST)に供給し、スクリュー回転数200rpm、吐出量15kg/時間、バレル温度280℃の条件で混練し、ストランド状に押出された溶融樹脂を水槽にて急冷し、ペレタイザーを用いてペレット化したものを使用した。
フェノール、炭酸水素ナトリウム、トルエン、ドデカンチオール、アセトニトリル、炭酸セシウム、活性白土、酸性白土及び活性炭(粉末)は、富士フィルム和光純薬株式会社の試薬を使用した。
炭酸ジフェニルは、三菱ケミカル株式会社の製品を使用した。
(分解用原料の塩化メチレン溶解色)
分解用原料の塩化メチレン溶解色の評価は以下の方法で実施した。
・装置:分光式石油製品色試験器(日本電色工業株式会社製 OME7700)
・器具:日電理化硝子株式会社製の試験管(24mm×200m/m P-24)
試験管に分解用原料を2g計り取り、塩化メチレン18gを加え、ポリカーボネート樹脂を溶解させた。上記装置を用いて、この分解用原料を10質量%含む塩化メチレン溶液のハーゼン色数を測定し、測定値に10を掛けた数値を分解用原料の塩化メチレン溶解色とした。
分解用原料10質量%の塩化メチレン溶液の明度の評価は以下の方法で実施した。
・装置:分光式石油製品色試験器(日本電色工業株式会社製 OME7700)
・器具:日電理化硝子株式会社製の試験管(24mm×200m/m P-24)
試験管に分解用原料を2g計り取り、塩化メチレン18gを加え、ポリカーボネート樹脂を溶解させた。上記装置を用いて、この分解用原料を10質量%含む塩化メチレン溶液の明度(L*)を測定した。
ビスフェノールの溶融液の色調の評価は以下の方法で実施した。
(ハーゼン色数(APHA))
・装置:分光式石油製品色試験器(日本電色工業株式会社製 OME7700)、アルミブロックヒーター
・器具:日電理化硝子株式会社製の試験管(24mm×200m/m P-24)
試験管にビスフェノールを20g計り取り、アルミブロックヒーターを用いて175℃に加温・溶融し、加温開始から30分経過時点のハーゼン色数を、分光式石油製品色試験器を用いて測定した。
・装置:分光式石油製品色試験器(日本電色工業株式会社製 OME7700)、アルミブロックヒーター
・器具:日電理化硝子株式会社製の試験管(24mm×200m/m P-24)
試験管にビスフェノールを20g計り取り、アルミブロックヒーターを用いて175℃に加温・溶融し、加温開始から30分経過時点の明度(L*)を、分光式石油製品色試験器を用いて測定した。
・装置:株式会社島津製作所製「LC10A」
Unison UK C18 3μm 250×4.6mmI.D
・分析温度:40℃
・溶離液組成:A10%/B90% イソクラティックモード
A液 水
B液 アセトニトリル
・分析時間30分
・装置:株式会社島津製作所製 GC-2014
Agilent DB-1 0.530mm×30m 1.50μm
・方式:FID
・気化室温度:230℃
・検出器温度:300℃
・分析時間0分から5分ではカラム温度を50℃に保ち、分析時間5~30分はカラム温度を280℃まで徐々に昇温し、分析時間30分から40分はカラム温度を280℃に保った。
・定量:内部標準法。内部標準物質にはビフェニルを用いた。
・装置:株式会社堀場製作所製pH計 pH METER ES-73
・測定は下記手順に則って実施した。
50mL耐熱瓶に、セパラブルフラスコから被吸着精製液を10gサンプリングし、水10gを加え、70℃の湯浴中でマグネチックスターラーを用いて5分間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、静置し2相分離させ、水相をサンプリングした。水相を25℃まで冷却後、pH計を用いてpHを測定した。測定されたpHを被吸着精製液のpHとした。
・装置:株式会社堀場製作所製電気伝導度計COND METER D- 71
粘度平均分子量(Mv)は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を塩化メチレンに溶解し(濃度6.0g/L)、ウベローデ粘度管を用いて20℃における比粘度(ηsp)を測定し、下記の式により粘度平均分子量(Mv)を算出した。
ηsp/C=[η](1+0.28ηsp)
[η]=1.23×10-4Mv0.83
実施例及び比較例で用いた分解用原料(RM)の塩化メチレン溶解色は下記の通りであった。
・廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(ヘッドランプPC):760
・アルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(Al蒸着PC):160
・光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(光拡散材-PC):260
・酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(TiO2-PC):1440
・カーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(CB-PC):0
・廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(ヘッドランプPC):96.8
・アルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(Al蒸着PC):97.6
・光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(光拡散材-PC):97.7
・酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(TiO2-PC):18.8
・カーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(CB-PC):60.7
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物120g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、120g÷254g/モル=0.472モル)、7質量%に調整した炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液107g、フェノール360g、ドデカンチオール2.4gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
得られた分解液を90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)166gと粗晶析母液384gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相a1(再溶解液)を得た。
この有機相a1に活性白土2.0gを投入し、20分間撹拌後、活性白土を濾別し、有機相a2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相a2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相a3と水相a4を得た。水相a4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、46.8μS/cmであった。再度、有機相a3に水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相a5と水相a6とを得た。水相a6の電気伝導度は2.8μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は2回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物(分解用原料(RM))1gあたり1.7gであった。
その後、有機相a5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ80gを得た。得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA62gを得た。歩留まりは58モル%(62g÷228g/モル÷0.472×100=58モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液(BPA溶融液)はAPHA55であった。
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物120g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、120g÷254g/モル=0.472モル)、実施例1で得た粗晶析母液380g(フェノール271.7g、BPA26.2g、ドデカンチオール1.1g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液80.9gを含む)、フェノール88.3g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液26.1g、ドデカンチオール1.3gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
得られた分解液を用いて、実施例1の粗晶析工程と同じ操作を実施し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)197gと粗晶析母液382gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相b1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.8であった。
この有機相b1に活性白土2.0gを投入し、20分間撹拌後、活性白土を濾別し、有機相b2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相b2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相b3と水相b4を得た。水相b4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、59.4μS/cmであった。再度、有機相b3に水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相b5と水相b6とを得た。水相b6の電気伝導度は2.5μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は2回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.7gであった。
その後、有機相b5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ117gと精晶析母液621gを得た。精晶析母液を液体クロマトグラフィー及びガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて組成分析した結果、トルエン91.1質量%、フェノール7.4質量%、ビスフェノールA1.2質量%を含有していた。
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物120g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、120g÷254g/モル=0.472モル)、実施例2で得た粗晶析母液380g(フェノール274.0g、ビスフェノールA25.8g、ドデカンチオール1.1g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液79.0gを含む)、精晶析母液の蒸留釜残47.6g(トルエン5.6g、フェノール34.5g、ビスフェノールA7.4gを含む)、フェノール45.8g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液28.0g、ドデカンチオール1.3gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
得られた分解液を用いて、実施例1の粗晶析工程と同じ操作を実施し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)205gと粗晶析母液383gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。洗浄後の粗ケーキの一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析した結果、ビスフェノールAにフェノールが付加したアダクト結晶であることを確認した。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、実施例2で得た回収トルエン567g、トルエン33gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相c1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.7であった。
この有機相c1を、活性白土20.0gとセライト10gとを混合し、ガラスろ過器に敷き詰めた簡易カラムに通液させ、有機相c2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相c2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相c3と水相c4を得た。水相c4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、50.8μS/cmであった。再度、有機相c3に水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相c5と水相c6とを得た。水相c6の電気伝導度は3.2μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は2回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.7gであった。
その後、有機相c5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ121gと精晶析母液620gを得た。
(分解工程及び粗晶析工程)
実施例1の分解工程及び粗晶析工程と同じ操作を実施し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)160gと粗晶析母液382gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。洗浄後の粗ケーキの一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析した結果、ビスフェノールAにフェノールが付加したアダクト結晶であることを確認した。得られた粗晶析母液を高速液体クロマトグラフィー及びガスクロマトグラフィーで組成分析した結果、フェノール70.6質量%、ビスフェノールA6.6質量%、ドデカンチオール0.3質量%を含有していた。残り22.5質量%は7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液として取り扱った。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相d1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.8であった。
得られた有機相d1を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、有機相d2と水相d3を得た。水相d3を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、450μS/cmであった。再度、有機相d2に水を加え、同じ操作を繰り返し行い、有機相d4を得た。最終的な水相の電気伝導度は5.3μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は5回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり4.2gであった。
その後、有機相d4を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ105gと精晶析母液623gを得た。
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物120g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、120g÷254g/モル=0.472モル)、比較例1で得た粗晶析母液380g(フェノール268.3g、BPA25.1g、ドデカンチオール1.1g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液85.5gを含む)、フェノール91.7g、7質量%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液21.5g、ドデカンチオール1.3gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
得られた分解液を用いて、実施例1の粗晶析工程と同じ操作を実施し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)195gと粗晶析母液383gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。洗浄後の粗ケーキの一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析した結果、ビスフェノールAにフェノールが付加したアダクト結晶であることを確認した。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相e1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.7であった。
得られた有機相e1を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、有機相e2と水相e3を得た。水相e3を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、472μS/cmであった。再度、有機相e2に水を加え、同じ操作を繰り返し行い、有機相e4を得た。最終的な水相の電気伝導度は6.0μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は5回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり4.2gであった。
その後、有機相e4を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ119gと精晶析母液621gを得た。
(分解工程)
実施例1の分解工程と同じ操作を行い、4時間反応後に分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液に70%硫酸水溶液10gを加え、15分間撹拌後、2相分離させ、水相を除去し、有機相f1を得た。
得られた有機相f1を90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリー液を得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)122gと粗晶析母液381gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。洗浄後の粗ケーキの一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析した結果、ビスフェノールAにフェノールが付加したアダクト結晶であることを確認した。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相f2(再溶解液)を得た。
この有機相f2に活性白土2.0gを投入し、20分間撹拌後、活性白土を濾別し、有機相f3を得た。
得られた有機相f3を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、有機相f4と水相f5を得た。水相f5を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、790μS/cmであった。再度、有機相f4に水を加え、同じ操作を繰り返し行い、有機相f6を得た。最終的な水相の電気伝導度は5.5μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は4回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり3.3gであった。
その後、有機相f6を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ98gと精晶析母液620gを得た。
(分解工程)
実施例1の分解工程と同じ操作を実施し、ビスフェノールAを含む分解液(均一溶液)を得た。
得られた分解液を用いて、実施例1の粗晶析工程と同じ操作を実施し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)175gと粗晶析母液372gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、撹拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相g1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.6であった。
この有機相g1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相g2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相g2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相g3と水相g4を得た。水相g4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、12.3μS/cmであった。再度、有機相g3に水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相g5と水相g6とを得た。水相g6の電気伝導度は4.4μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は2回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.7gであった。
その後、有機相g5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ81gと精晶析母液544gを得た。
撹拌機及び留出管を備えた内容量45mLのガラス製反応槽に、実施例1で得られたビスフェノールAを10.00g(0.04モル)、炭酸ジフェニルを9.95g(0.05モル)及び400質量ppmの炭酸セシウム水溶液を18μL入れた。該ガラス製反応槽を約100Paに減圧し、続いて、窒素で大気圧に復圧する操作を3回繰り返し、反応槽の内部を窒素に置換した。その後、該反応槽を220℃のオイルバスに浸漬させ、内容物を溶解した。
続いて反応槽内の圧力を13.3kPaに保持し、フェノールを更に留去させながら、80分間、エステル交換反応を行った。
撹拌機及び留出管を備えた内容量45mLのガラス製反応槽に、比較例3で得られたビスフェノールAを10.00g(0.04モル)、炭酸ジフェニルを9.95g(0.05モル)及び400質量ppmの炭酸セシウム水溶液を18μL入れた。該ガラス製反応槽を約100Paに減圧し、続いて、窒素で大気圧に復圧する操作を3回繰り返し、反応槽の内部を窒素に置換した。その後、該反応槽を220℃のオイルバスに浸漬させ、内容物を溶解した。
続いて反応槽内の圧力を13.3kPaに保持し、フェノールを更に留去させながら、80分間、エステル交換反応を行ったが、反応途中にフェノールの留出が停止し、重合が進行しなかった。
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物199g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、199g÷254g/モル=0.783モル)、7質量%に調整した炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液88g、フェノール299g、ドデカンチオール2.0gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
この分解液に70質量%に調整した硫酸水溶液5.0gを供給し、炭酸水素ナトリウムを部分的に中和した。
この分解液をアドバンテック株式会社製円形定量ろ紙No.5Aを用いて減圧濾過し、澄明な分解液を得た。
ろ過した分解液に脱塩水100gを加え、90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)244gと粗晶析母液341gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を400gふりかけ、粗ケーキを洗浄した。
得られた粗ケーキ222gを、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温し粗ケーキを溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相h1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは7.3であった。
再溶解工程で得た有機相h1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相h2(吸着精製液)を得た。
吸着精製工程で得た有機相h2を、実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために3回水洗し、有機相h3を得た。3回目の水相の電気伝導度は2.3μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.5gであった。
その後、有機相h3を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ125gと精晶析母液692gを得た。
(分解工程)
分解用原料(RM)を、光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に変更した以外は、実施例6と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液に脱塩水100gを加え、90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)238gと粗晶析母液340gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を400gふりかけ、粗ケーキを洗浄した。
得られた粗ケーキ210gを、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温し粗ケーキを溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相i1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは7.4であった。
再溶解工程で得た有機相i1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相i2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相i2を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために3回水洗し、有機相i3を得た。3回目の水相の電気伝導度は3.1μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給した光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.5gであった。
その後、有機相i3を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ119gと精晶析母液690gを得た。
(分解工程)
分解用原料(RM)を、アルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に変更した以外は、実施例6と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液に脱塩水100gを加え、90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)235gと粗晶析母液342gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を400gふりかけ、粗ケーキを洗浄した。
得られた粗ケーキ213gを、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温し粗ケーキを溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相j1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは7.4であった。
再溶解工程で得た有機相j1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相j2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相j2を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために3回水洗し、有機相j3を得た。3回目の水相の電気伝導度は2.8μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給したアルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.5gであった。
その後、有機相j3を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ123gと精晶析母液693gを得た。
(分解工程)
分解用原料(RM)を、酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に変更し、70%硫酸による部分中和を実施しなかった以外は、実施例6と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液に脱塩水100gを加え、90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)233gと粗晶析母液344gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を400gふりかけ、粗ケーキを洗浄した。
得られた粗ケーキ211gを、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温し粗ケーキを溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相k1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.7であった。
再溶解工程で得た有機相k1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相k2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相k2を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために3回水洗し、有機相k3を得た。3回目の水相の電気伝導度は3.5μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給した酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.5gであった。
その後、有機相k3を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ119gと精晶析母液694gを得た。
(分解工程)
分解用原料(RM)を、カーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に変更し、70%硫酸による部分中和を実施しなかった以外は、実施例6と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液に脱塩水100gを加え、90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)233gと粗晶析母液340gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を400gふりかけ、粗ケーキを洗浄した。
得られた粗ケーキ210gを、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温し粗ケーキを溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相m1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.8であった。
再溶解工程で得た有機相m1を、活性炭25gを敷いたガラスろ過器に通液させ、真空ポンプを用いて微減圧しながらろ過し、有機相m2(吸着精製液)を得た。
得られた有機相m2を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために3回水洗し、有機相m3を得た。3回目の水相の電気伝導度は3.1μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給したカーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり1.5gであった。
その後、有機相m3を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ125gと精晶析母液692gを得た。
(分解工程)
ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物120g(ポリカーボネート樹脂の繰り返し単位は254g/モルであることから、120g÷254g/モル=0.472モル)、p-トルエンスルホン酸120g、フェノール360g、水45g、ドデカンチオール2.4gを室温で入れた。反応液はスラリー状であった。
その後、内温を90℃に昇温し、90℃を維持したまま4時間反応させ、分解液(均一溶液)を得た。この分解液の一部を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで組成分析し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認した。
得られた分解液を90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)140gと粗晶析母液391gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相n1(再溶解液)を得た。
この有機相n1に活性白土2.0gを投入し、20分間撹拌後、活性白土を濾別し、有機相n2を得た。
得られた有機相n2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相n3と水相n4を得た。水相n4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、320.1μS/cmであった。再度、有機相n3に水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相n5を得た。最終的な水相の電気伝導度は3.8μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は4回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり3.3gであった。
その後、有機相n5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ65gを得た。得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA51gを得た。歩留まりは47モル%(51g÷228g/モル÷0.472×100=47モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液はAPHA52であった。
(分解工程)
比較例5の分解工程と同じ操作を実施し、ビスフェノールAの生成を確認後、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液227gを供給しビスフェノールAを含む分解液を得た。
得られた分解液を90℃から10℃まで徐々に降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーをろ過し、粗ケーキ(固体成分)145gと粗晶析母液615gを得た。粗ケーキに温水を450gふりかけ結晶表面のフェノールを洗い落とした。
得られたアダクト結晶を、ジムロート冷却管、攪拌翼、温度計を備えたジャケット式セパラブルフラスコに戻し、トルエン600gを加え、75℃まで加温しアダクト結晶を溶解させビスフェノールAを含有する有機相o1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは6.2であった。
この有機相o1に活性白土2.0gを投入し、20分間撹拌後、活性白土を濾別し、有機相o2を得た。
得られた有機相o2を再度セパラブルフラスコに戻し、水100gを加え、15分間撹拌後、10分間静置させ2相分離させ、有機相o3と水相o4を得た。水相o4を耐熱瓶に抜出し、25℃まで冷却後、電気伝導度を測定すると、1003μS/cmであった。再度、有機相o3水を加え、同じ操作を行い、有機相o5を得た。最終的な水相の電気伝導度は4.0μS/cmであった。水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するのに必要だった水洗の回数は5回であり、廃水量は分解工程に供給した廃ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり4.2gであった。
その後、有機相o5を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して、精ケーキ68gを得た。
(分解工程)
実施例7と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液を、実施例7と同様の方法で晶析、及び、洗浄をし、粗ケーキを得た。
得られた粗ケーキを、実施例7と同様の方法で溶解させ、ビスフェノールAを含有する有機相p1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは7.3であった。
得られた有機相p1を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために5回水洗し、有機相p2を得た。5回目の水相の電気伝導度は3.1μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給した光拡散材含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり2.5gであった。
その後、有機相p2を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA108gを得た。歩留まりは60モル%(108g÷228g/モル÷0.783×100=60モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液はAPHA420であり、著しく白濁していた。ビスフェノールAの溶融液のL*(明度)は55.2であった。
(分解工程)
実施例8と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液を、実施例8と同様の方法で晶析、及び、洗浄をし、粗ケーキを得た。
得られた粗ケーキを、実施例8と同様の方法で溶解させ、ビスフェノールAを含有する有機相r1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは7.3であった。
得られた有機相r1を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために5回水洗し、有機相r2を得た。5回目の水相の電気伝導度は2.8μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給したアルミニウム蒸着ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり2.5gであった。
その後、有機相r2を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA107gを得た。歩留まりは60モル%(107g÷228g/モル÷0.783×100=60モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液はAPHA65であった。
(分解工程)
実施例9と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液を、実施例9と同様の方法で晶析、及び、洗浄をし、粗ケーキを得た。
得られた粗ケーキを、実施例9と同様の方法で溶解させ、ビスフェノールAを含有する有機相s1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.7であった。
得られた有機相s1を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために4回水洗し、有機相s2を得た。4回目の水相の電気伝導度は3.3μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給した酸化チタン含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり2.0gであった。
その後、有機相s2を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA109gを得た。歩留まりは61モル%(109g÷228g/モル÷0.783×100=61モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液はAPHA510であり、著しく白濁していた。ビスフェノールAの溶融液のL*(明度)は49.4であった。
(分解工程)
実施例10と同様の条件でポリカーボネート樹脂を分解し、分解液を得た。
分解工程で得た分解液を、実施例10と同様の方法で晶析、及び、洗浄をし、粗ケーキを得た。
得られた粗ケーキを、実施例10と同様の方法で溶解させ、ビスフェノールAを含有する有機相t1(再溶解液)を得た。実施例1と同じ方法でpHを測定したところ、pHは8.7であった。
得られた有機相t1を実施例1の水洗工程と同様の操作を行い、水相の電気伝導度10μS/cm以下を満足するために4回水洗し、有機相t2を得た。4回目の水相の電気伝導度は4.2μS/cmであった。廃水量は分解工程に供給したカーボンブラック含有ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物1gあたり2.0gであった。
その後、有機相t2を10℃まで降温し、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーを濾過して得られた精ケーキを、ロータリーエバポレータで乾燥させて、ビスフェノールA107gを得た。歩留まりは60モル%(107g÷228g/モル÷0.783×100=60モル%)であった。ビスフェノールAの溶融液はAPHA220であり、黒く着色していた。ビスフェノールAの溶融液のL*(明度)は74.5であった。
攪拌機及び留出管を備えた内容量45mLのガラス製反応槽に、実施例8で得られたビスフェノールAを10.00g(0.04モル)、炭酸ジフェニルを9.95g(0.05モル)及び400質量ppmの炭酸セシウム水溶液を18μL入れた。該ガラス製反応槽を約100Paに減圧し、続いて、窒素で大気圧に復圧する操作を3回繰り返し、反応槽の内部を窒素に置換した。その後、該反応槽を220℃のオイルバスに浸漬させ、内容物を溶解した。
その後、反応槽外部温度を290℃に昇温すると共に、40分間かけて反応槽内圧力を絶対圧力で13.3kPaから399Paまで減圧し、留出するフェノールを系外に除去した。
比較例6で得られたビスフェノールAを用いた以外は、実施例11と同様の方法でポリカーボネート樹脂を重合した。
反応槽内のビスフェノールAと炭酸ジフェニルのオリゴマー化反応により副生するフェノールを留去しながら、絶対圧力で101.3kPaから13.3kPaまで減圧したが、反応途中にフェノールの留出が停止し、それ以上は重合が進行しなかった。
比較例8で得られたビスフェノールAを用いた以外は、実施例11と同様の方法でポリカーボネート樹脂を重合した。
Claims (23)
- ビスフェノール及び有機溶媒を含有する被吸着精製液と吸着材とを接触させ、前記被吸着精製液を精製し、吸着精製液を得る吸着精製工程を有するビスフェノールの製造方法であり、
前記被吸着精製液が塩基性を呈することを特徴とする、ビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 前記被吸着精製液のpHが、7.1以上である、請求項1に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記被吸着精製液が、前記ビスフェノール骨格を構成するベンゼン環上の少なくとも2つの炭素原子がそれぞれ酸素原子と二重結合した構造を有するビスフェノール類縁体を含有する、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記被吸着精製液中の水の含有量が10質量%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記被吸着精製液中の有機溶媒の含有量が20質量%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記有機溶媒が、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、フェノール、クレゾール、塩化メチレン、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルからなる群から選ばれるいずれか1以上を含む、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記吸着材が、活性白土、酸性白土、活性炭及び陽イオン交換樹脂からなる群から選択されるいずれかを含む、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記吸着精製工程の前に、ポリカーボネート樹脂及び/又はエポキシ樹脂である原料樹脂を含有する分解用原料中の前記原料樹脂を化学的に分解し、前記ビスフェノールを得る分解工程を有する、請求項1に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂を含有する廃プラスチックであるである、請求項8に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記廃プラスチックが、金属層及び/又は前記原料樹脂以外の樹脂により形成された樹脂層を備えたものである、請求項9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂と、微粒子及び/又は極性低分子化合物とを含有する樹脂組成物である、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記分解用原料が、前記原料樹脂と、光拡散材、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、酸化防止剤、難燃剤及び離型剤からなる群から選択される1以上とを含有する樹脂組成物である、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記分解用原料の濃度が10質量%である塩化メチレン溶液のハーゼン色数(APHA)に10を乗じた値が200以上であり、
製造された前記ビスフェノールを175℃で30分加熱溶融して得られる溶融液のハーゼン色数(APHA)が100以下である、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 前記分解用原料の濃度が10質量%である塩化メチレン溶液の明度(L*)が80以下であり、
製造された前記ビスフェノールを175℃で30分加熱溶融して得られる溶融液の明度(L*)が90以上である、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 水、芳香族モノアルコール及び脂肪族モノアルコールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上の分解剤の存在下で、前記原料樹脂を分解する請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液から前記被吸着精製液を調製する被吸着精製液の調製工程と、を有する、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液を、蒸留により濃縮し、塩基性を呈する濃縮液を調製する濃縮工程と、を有し、
前記吸着精製工程が、前記濃縮液と前記吸着材とを接触させて、前記吸着精製液を得る工程であり、
前記濃縮工程で除去された溶液は、前記分解工程に供給されリサイクルされる、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 前記吸着精製工程の前に、前記分解工程と、前記分解工程で得られたビスフェノールを含有する分解液又は前記分解液を濃縮した濃縮液を晶析し、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分と粗晶析母液とに固液分離して、ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を得る粗晶析工程と、
前記ビスフェノールを含有する固体成分を再溶解させて、塩基性を呈する再溶解液を調製する再溶解工程と、を有し、
前記吸着精製工程が、前記再溶解液と前記吸着材とを接触させて、前記吸着精製液を得る工程であり、
前記粗晶析工程で固液分離された粗晶析母液は、前記分解工程に供給されリサイクルされる、請求項8又は9に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 前記吸着精製液を、水と混合した後、ビスフェノールを含有する有機相と水相とに相分離し、前記水相を除去して、前記有機相を得る水洗工程と、
前記水洗工程で得られた有機相からビスフェノールを析出させる精晶析工程と、を有し、
前記水洗工程を、除去される前記水相の電気伝導度が10μS/cm以下となるまで繰り返した後、前記精晶析工程を行う、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。 - 下記の工程A0~工程D0を含む、ケトン又はアルデヒドと芳香族モノアルコールとから前記ビスフェノールを得るビスフェノール合成工程を更に有し、
前記吸着精製液を、下記の工程A0~工程D0のいずれか1つ以上の工程に供給する請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
工程A0:前記ケトン又はアルデヒドと前記芳香族モノアルコールとを、酸触媒の存在下で脱水縮合させ、前記ビスフェノールを含有する反応液を得る工程
工程B0:前記工程A0で得られた反応液から、未反応の前記ケトン又はアルデヒドと水とを留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C0:前記工程B0で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D0:前記工程C0で得られたケーキを精製して前記ビスフェノールを得る工程 - 前記ビスフェノールが、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンである、請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
- 下記の工程A1~工程G1を含むビスフェノールA合成工程を更に有し、
前記吸着精製液を、下記の工程A1~工程G1のいずれか1つ以上の工程に供給する請求項21に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法。
工程A1:アセトンとフェノールとを、酸触媒の存在下で脱水縮合させ、ビスフェノールAを含む反応液を得る工程
工程B1:前記工程A1で得られた反応液から、未反応のアセトンと水とを留去し、濃縮液を得る工程
工程C1:前記工程B1で得られた濃縮液を晶析させて得たスラリー液を固液分離し、母液とケーキに分離する工程
工程D1:前記工程C1で得られたケーキを精製してビスフェノールAを得る工程
工程E1:前記工程C1で得られた母液の一部を循環させて、前記工程A1に供給する工程
工程F1:前記工程C1で得られた母液中のビスフェノールAをアルカリ性条件下で、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールとに分解した後、フェノールとイソプロペニルフェノールを再結合させることでビスフェノールAを生成させ、ビスフェノールAを含む溶液を得る工程
工程G1:前記工程F1で得られた溶液を前記工程A1に供給する工程 - 請求項1又は2に記載のビスフェノールの製造方法でビスフェノールを得る工程と、
得られた前記ビスフェノールを含有するビスフェノール原料を用いて、ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造する工程と、を有するポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法。
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| PCT/JP2023/030882 Ceased WO2024048494A1 (ja) | 2022-08-29 | 2023-08-28 | ビスフェノールの製造方法、及び、ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2024048494A1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119790031A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW202413316A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024048494A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2026025803A (ja) * | 2024-08-02 | 2026-02-16 | 南亞塑膠工業股▲分▼有限公司 | ポリカーボネートの分解方法 |
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| JPS4016536B1 (ja) * | 1961-08-24 | 1965-07-29 | ||
| JP2005200379A (ja) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 廃芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂から芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液を得る方法 |
| JP2006022183A (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 廃芳香族ポリカーボネートから精製された芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液を得る方法 |
| CN105658712A (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2016-06-08 | 沙特基础全球技术有限公司 | 用于直接氨解含聚碳酸酯材料的方法及产物 |
| JP2016204265A (ja) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-12-08 | 帝人株式会社 | モノマーの製造方法 |
| JP2022085144A (ja) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ビスフェノールの製造方法および再生ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 |
| JP2022103564A (ja) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ビスフェノールaの製造方法及びポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 |
| KR20230083783A (ko) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 재활용 플라스틱 합성용 단량체 조성물, 이의 제조방법, 그리고 이를 이용한 재활용 플라스틱, 및 성형품 |
-
2023
- 2023-08-28 CN CN202380062489.2A patent/CN119790031A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-28 WO PCT/JP2023/030882 patent/WO2024048494A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-28 JP JP2024544229A patent/JPWO2024048494A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-08-29 TW TW112132452A patent/TW202413316A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4016536B1 (ja) * | 1961-08-24 | 1965-07-29 | ||
| JP2005200379A (ja) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 廃芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂から芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液を得る方法 |
| JP2006022183A (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 廃芳香族ポリカーボネートから精製された芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液を得る方法 |
| CN105658712A (zh) * | 2013-10-15 | 2016-06-08 | 沙特基础全球技术有限公司 | 用于直接氨解含聚碳酸酯材料的方法及产物 |
| JP2016204265A (ja) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-12-08 | 帝人株式会社 | モノマーの製造方法 |
| JP2022085144A (ja) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ビスフェノールの製造方法および再生ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 |
| JP2022103564A (ja) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-08 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ビスフェノールaの製造方法及びポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法 |
| KR20230083783A (ko) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-12 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 재활용 플라스틱 합성용 단량체 조성물, 이의 제조방법, 그리고 이를 이용한 재활용 플라스틱, 및 성형품 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2026025803A (ja) * | 2024-08-02 | 2026-02-16 | 南亞塑膠工業股▲分▼有限公司 | ポリカーボネートの分解方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2024048494A1 (ja) | 2024-03-07 |
| TW202413316A (zh) | 2024-04-01 |
| CN119790031A (zh) | 2025-04-08 |
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