WO2024037665A2 - 一种快速3d打印用硅树脂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种快速3d打印用硅树脂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/06—Preparatory processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing materials, and more specifically, to a silicone resin for rapid 3D printing and its preparation method and application.
- SLA 3D printing is to add a photoinitiator to a liquid photosensitive resin material and then stir it into the 3D printer. It uses the additive molding of the material to divide the shape of a three-dimensional target part into several plane layers, using a certain wavelength of light. Ultraviolet light scans the liquid photosensitive resin, so that the liquid photosensitive resin part that is scanned in each layer is solidified and formed, and the part that is not scanned and irradiated is still liquid, and finally accumulates into the required target item. 3D printing has the advantages of high production efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection.
- Liquid photosensitive resin materials for 3D printing include epoxy acrylate, polyurethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, and silicone polymers.
- Epoxy acrylate has the advantages of high hardness and low shrinkage, but its high viscosity is not conducive to molding and the molded product is brittle.
- Light-cured products of polyurethane acrylate have excellent chemical resistance, but their high cost limits their wide application.
- Polyester acrylate also has the advantages of low viscosity and low price, but has poor performance after curing and is prone to shrinkage.
- Silicone polymers are polymer compounds with siloxane as the main chain and side chains as organic groups connected to silicon. Because they use siloxane as the main chain, they have high and low temperature resistance, aging resistance, and low surface tension. Excellent performance.
- the prior art discloses a polyurethane-modified silicone resin.
- Polyurethane is introduced into the silicone to improve the mechanical strength of the silicone.
- it does not improve the low viscosity and fast printing performance of the silicone resin.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of high viscosity and slow printing speed of the existing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing, and provide a preparation method of silicone resin for rapid 3D printing by first preparing monodispersed nanometer dioxide. Silicon particles are then introduced into the silane coupling agent to form a silicone resin prepolymer, which reduces the viscosity on the basis of the high solid content of silicone resin for fast 3D printing. It also has fast printing performance and can meet the needs of 3D printing. The need for fast printing of materials.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a silicone resin for rapid 3D printing.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of silicone resin for rapid 3D printing in preparing materials for 3D printing.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- silicone resin prepolymer Add glacial acetic acid and alcohol aqueous solution to solution A, then add silicon source and silane coupling agent with carbon-carbon double bonds, hydrolyze and copolymerize to prepare an active prepolymer; After cooling, liquid separation, drying and rotary evaporation, a silicone resin prepolymer is obtained;
- silicone resin for rapid 3D printing Mix the photoinitiator and the silicone resin prepolymer in S2 evenly to obtain silicone resin for rapid 3D printing;
- the silicon source is ethyl orthosilicate and/or methyl orthosilicate
- the molar ratio of silicon source and silane coupling agent is (1 ⁇ 7):5;
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1: (1.5 ⁇ 2.5);
- the hydrolysis reaction temperature is 40 to 55°C, and the pH value of solution A is 3 to 4;
- the present invention increases the solid content by synthesizing monodispersed nano-silica particles, and introduces light with carbon-carbon double bonds through hydrolysis and copolymerization of silicon sources and silane coupling agents with carbon-carbon double bonds under acidic conditions to form active prepolymers.
- the silicon source and the silane coupling agent with carbon-carbon double bonds are hydrolyzed, they form an interpenetrating network (IPN).
- IPN interpenetrating network
- the interpenetrating network is cross-linked to form a new, more stable network, thereby improving the chemical and physical properties of the resin. Increase its curing speed to achieve fast printing.
- the photoinitiator molecule absorbs light energy under an ultraviolet light source, it undergoes photolysis to generate an excited singlet state or an excited triplet state to generate active free radicals, which initiates the polymerization reaction.
- Silicone resin prepolymer is sensitive to violet light due to its conjugated double bond structure. It absorbs violet light and undergoes n ⁇ * electronic transition to form a singlet excited state. It then jumps to an excited triplet state through intersystem jumps, taking away the passage of photoinitiator additives.
- the free radicals generated in the cleavage reaction form primary free radicals.
- Free radical attack triggers the polymerization reaction, and the primary free radicals formed attack the silicone resin prepolymer, causing the double bonds in the silicone resin prepolymer to be attacked and opened to form new free radicals, triggering a chain reaction, and the silicone resin prepolymer
- the unsaturated double bonds in it have high activity and fast light curing efficiency, achieving rapid curing results.
- glacial acetic acid the role of glacial acetic acid is to catalyze the hydrolysis of silicon source.
- the excess acid in the reaction can be neutralized by adding saturated sodium bicarbonate solution to adjust the product to be neutral.
- the catalyst for the hydrolysis of the silicon source is L-lysine, arginine, and L-lysine hydrochloride. one or several kinds.
- the molar ratio of silicon source and silane coupling agent is (3-5):5.
- the reaction temperature is 45 to 50°C.
- the reaction pH value is 3.3 to 3.4.
- the silane coupling agent is ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane or ⁇ -(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane.
- the silanes One or more of the silanes.
- the photoinitiator is ethyl 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenylphosphinate, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone or 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylmethyl One or more of the ketones.
- TPO-L 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoylphenylphosphinic acid ethyl ester
- 1-Hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Irgacure 184) can react at wavelengths of 246, 280 or 333 nm.
- the alcohol in the alcohol aqueous solution is one or more of isopropyl alcohol, methanol or ethanol.
- Isopropyl alcohol, methanol or ethanol have lower boiling points, which are beneficial to removal during reduced pressure rotary evaporation.
- the present invention also protects the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of silicone resin for rapid 3D printing.
- the viscosity of the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing is 20 to 70 cps.
- the present invention also protects the application of the above-mentioned silicone resin for rapid 3D printing in preparing materials for 3D printing.
- the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing prepared by the present invention has excellent properties such as low viscosity, high solid content, and fast printing.
- the viscosity of the prepared photocurable resin is between 20 and 70 cps, and the printing speed is fast.
- the shortest single-layer exposure time is 1 s.
- the critical exposure amount is less than 5.5mJ/cm 2 . It can be widely used in the preparation of materials for 3D printing.
- the invention discloses a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing.
- the invention increases the solid content by synthesizing monodispersed nano-silica particles, and hydrolyzes the silicon source and a silane coupling agent with carbon-carbon double bonds under acidic conditions. , copolymerize into active prepolymer and introduce photocurable groups with carbon-carbon double bonds.
- the silicon source and silane coupling agent with carbon-carbon double bonds are hydrolyzed, the two form an interpenetrating network (IPN), and the interpenetrating network is cross-linked.
- IPN interpenetrating network
- the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing prepared by the present invention has excellent properties such as low viscosity, high solid content, and fast printing.
- the viscosity of the prepared photocurable resin is between 20 and 70 cps, and the printing speed is fast.
- the shortest single-layer exposure time is 1 s.
- the critical exposure amount is less than 5.5mJ/cm 2 . It can be widely used in the preparation of materials for 3D printing.
- the raw material reagents used in the examples of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw material reagents.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- silicone resin for rapid 3D printing Add 2wt.% of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenylphosphinic acid ethyl ester photoinitiator to the silicone resin prepolymer, and obtain rapid 3D printing silicone resin after ultrasonic treatment. Silicone for 3D printing;
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- Example 3 What is different from Example 3 is that in S2, the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of the organosiloxane in the silicon source and the silane coupling agent to water is 1:1.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- Example 3 What is different from Example 3 is that in S2, the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:3.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- reaction temperature was 65°C.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- reaction temperature was 30°C.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- the catalyst is formic acid.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- the catalyst is hydrochloric acid.
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2;
- a method for preparing silicone resin for rapid 3D printing including the following steps:
- the molar ratio of the sum of the molar ratios of organosiloxane in the silicon source and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2.
- the viscosity, double bond conversion rate, and double bond content of the photosensitive resins of each example and comparative example were measured using a Busher rotational rheometer and infrared spectrometer (Magna360 model, Nicolet Company, USA), 1 H NMR, and under a UV light source of 405 nm. And the characterization of critical exposure and curing depth.
- silicone resin prepolymers were synthesized by changing the molar ratio between tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and silane coupling agent (KH570) under acidic conditions, and were analyzed by real time FIIR and Hacker rotational rheology. , 1 H NMR and test its double bond conversion rate, viscosity, double bond content, critical exposure and curing depth under UV light source 405nm. The smaller the critical exposure required, that is, the light intensity for curing 3D printed silicone resin The lower the value, the faster the printing speed.
- TEOS tetraethyl orthosilicate
- KH570 silane coupling agent
- the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing prepared by the present invention has excellent properties such as low viscosity, high solid content, and fast printing.
- the viscosity of the prepared photocurable resin is between 20 and 70 cps, and the printing speed is fast.
- the shortest layer exposure time is 1s, and the critical exposure amount is less than 5.5mJ/cm 2 . It can be widely used in the preparation of materials for 3D printing.
- the double bond content and double bond conversion rate of the silicone resin for rapid 3D printing prepared by the present invention will affect the curing depth and the irradiation intensity required for curing. Under the same irradiation intensity, the deeper the curing depth, the better the curing effect and the higher the double bond conversion rate. The lower the critical exposure, the lower the radiation intensity required for curing and the faster the printing speed.
- Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that when the molar ratio of deionized water to silane coupling agent in Comparative Example 1 is 1, the process of synthesizing silicone resin is difficult to control, and the amount of deionized water is relatively large. When it is too small, the silane coupling agent is not completely hydrolyzed, and the product is stratified and easy to gel; when the molar ratio of deionized water to silane coupling agent in Comparative Example 2 is 3, there is an excess of deionized water in the process of synthesizing silicone resin. It will produce silicone resin with a larger molecular weight, resulting in a macromolecular ring structure, which is easy to gel and has poor storage stability.
- Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 it can be seen from Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 that in Comparative Example 3, when the reaction temperature is 65°C, the viscosity of the synthesized silicone resin is too high, and the product silicone resin has poor storage stability and is easy to gel; In proportion 4, when the reaction temperature is 85°C, the silicone resin is easily gelled during the synthesis process. The prepared silicone resin has high viscosity and poor leveling properties, which is not conducive to light-curing 3D printing. In Comparative Example 5, when the reaction temperature is 30°C, the reaction time is too long, and it is basically not hydrolyzed by ordinary infrared testing, which will result in low double bond content and low conversion rate, high critical exposure, and shallow curing depth.
- Example 3 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 it can be seen from Example 3 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 that in Comparative Example 6, the viscosity of the silicone resin synthesized by selecting formic acid as the catalyst is too high, the storage stability is poor compared to glacial acetic acid as the catalyst, and the flow of the resin is The flatness is not good, which is not conducive to light-curing 3D printing.
- the silicone resin synthesized by selecting hydrochloric acid as the catalyst agglomerates together during post-processing, has strong catalytic effect, violent polycondensation reaction, and dense cross-linked network. It will agglomerate and form white floc, which cannot be post-processed and cannot be 3D printed.
- Example 3 Comparative Examples 8 and 9 that in Comparative Example 8, when the pH value of the reaction is 1 to 3, the acidity in the reaction system is too high at this time, and a polycondensation reaction will occur without hydrolysis. As a result, the synthesis process of silicone resin is too fast and easy to gel. The appearance of the product will be milky white and cannot be 3D printed. In Comparative Example 9, when the pH of the reaction is 6, it can promote the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction, but the product silicone resin is pre-prepared. According to the photocuring kinetics test of the polymer, compared with Example 3, Example 3 is more suitable for 3D printing.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速3D打印用硅树脂及其制备方法和应用,属于3D打印材料技术领域。快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:S1.制备单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子的制备:硅源水溶液水解得到溶液A;S2.硅树脂预聚物的制备:将冰醋酸和醇水溶液加入到溶液A中,再加入硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂,水解、共聚反应制备成活性预聚物;冷却后加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,通过分液、干燥、旋蒸,得到硅树脂预聚物;S3.快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备:将光引发剂与S2中的硅树脂预聚物混合均匀,得到3D打印用树脂。本发明通过调整硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂的比例,提高其固化速度来达到快速打印的目的。
Description
本发明涉及3D打印材料技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种快速3D打印用硅树脂及其制备方法和应用。
光固化(SLA)3D打印是通过将光引发剂加入液体光敏树脂材料经过搅拌放入3D打印机,利用材料的累加成型,将一个立体的目标零件的形状分为若干个平面层,用一定波长的紫外线扫描液体光敏树脂,使每层被扫到的液体光敏树脂部分固化成型,未被扫到辐照到的仍为液态,最终累积成所需目标物品。3D打印具有生产效率高、节能、环保等优点。
3D打印用液体光敏树脂材料包括环氧丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯和有机硅聚合物等。环氧丙烯酸酯具有硬度高、收缩率低等优点,但其粘度较大,不利于成型,且成型物脆性大。聚氨酯丙烯酸酯其光固化产品具有优异的耐化学性能,但成本很高限制了广泛应用。聚酯丙烯酸酯也具有低粘度和价格低的优点,但固化后性能差,易收缩。
有机硅聚合物是以硅氧烷为主链,侧链为与硅相连的有机基团的高分子化合物,由于其以硅氧烷为主链,本身具有耐高低温、耐老化、低表面张力等优异性能。
现有技术公开了一种聚氨酯改性有机硅树脂,将聚氨酯引入有机硅中,提高了有机硅的力学强度,但是其并没有针对有机硅树脂的低粘度和快速打印性能做出相关改善。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有快速3D打印用硅树脂的粘度高、打印速度慢的缺陷和不足,提供一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,通过先制备单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子,然后对硅烷偶联剂引入光固化基团,形成硅树脂预聚物,在快速3D打印用硅树脂具有高固含量的基础上降低了粘度,还具有快速打印性能,能够满足3D打印材料快速打印的需求。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种快速3D打印用硅树脂。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种快速3D打印用硅树脂在制备3D打印用材料中的应用。
本发明上述目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子的制备:硅源水溶液水解得到溶液A;
S2.硅树脂预聚物的制备:将冰醋酸和醇水溶液加入到溶液A中,再加入硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂,水解、共聚反应制备成活性预聚物;经冷却、分液、干燥、旋蒸后得到硅树脂预聚物;
S3.快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备:将光引发剂与S2中的硅树脂预聚物混合均匀,得到快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S1中,硅源为正硅酸乙酯和/或正硅酸甲酯;
S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为(1~7):5;
硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:(1.5~2.5);
水解反应温度为40~55℃,溶液A的pH值为3~4;
本发明通过合成单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子提高固含量,通过硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂在酸性条件下水解、共聚合成活性预聚物引入带有碳碳双键的光固化基团,硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂水解后两者形成互穿网络(IPN),互穿网络交联形成新的更加稳定网络,从而改善树脂的化学和物理性能,提高其固化速度来达到快速打印的目的。
光引发剂分子在紫外灯源下吸收光能后,经过光解生成激发单重态或激发三重态而产生活性自由基,引发聚合反应。硅树脂预聚物由于其共轭双键的结构对紫光敏感,吸收紫光发生n~π*电子跃迁,形成单重激发态,经过系间窜跃至激发三重态,夺取光引发剂助剂通过裂解反应中产生的自由基,形成初级自由基。自由基进攻引发聚合反应,形成的初级自由基对硅树脂预聚物进攻,使得硅树脂预聚物中的双键被进攻打开形成新的自由基,触发链式反应,其硅树脂预聚物中的不饱和双键活性高,光固化效率快,达到了快速固化的结果。
其中,冰醋酸的作用为催化硅源水解。
制备成活性预聚物后,可以通过加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中和反应中多余的酸,调节产物为中性。
其中,S1中,硅源水解的催化剂为L-赖氨酸、精氨酸、L-赖氨酸盐酸盐中
的一种或几种。
优选地,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为(3~5):5。
优选地,S2中,反应温度为45~50℃。
优选地,S2中,反应pH值为3.3~3.4。
优选地,硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷或γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种。
优选地,光引发剂为2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮或1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮中的一种或几种。
光引发剂需要匹配光固化条件,2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯(TPO-L)可以在405nm的波长下发生反应。
1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(Irgacure184)可以在246、280或333nm的波长下发生反应。
2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮(Darocur1173)可以在365nm的波长下发生反应。
优选地,所述醇水溶液中的醇为异丙醇、甲醇或乙醇中的一种或几种。
异丙醇、甲醇或乙醇的沸点较低,有利于在减压旋蒸时去除。
本发明还保护上述所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂。
优选地,所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的粘度为20~70cps。
本发明还保护上述所述快速3D打印用硅树脂在制备3D打印用材料中的应用。
本发明制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂,具有低粘度、高固含量、快速打印等优异性能,制备的光固化树脂粘度在20~70cps,且打印速度快,单层曝光时间最短为1s,临界曝光量小于5.5mJ/cm2。可以广泛应用于3D打印用材料的制备。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明公开了一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,本发明通过合成单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子提高固含量,通过硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂在酸性条件下水解、共聚合成活性预聚物引入带有碳碳双键的光固化基团,硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂水解后两者形成互穿网络(IPN),互穿网络交联形成新的更加稳定网络,从而改善树脂的化学和物理性能,提高其固化速度来达到快速
打印的目的。
本发明制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂,具有低粘度、高固含量、快速打印等优异性能,制备的光固化树脂粘度在20~70cps,且打印速度快,单层曝光时间最短为1s,临界曝光量小于5.5mJ/cm2。可广泛应用于3D打印用材料的制备。
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非另有说明,本发明实施例采用的原料试剂为常规购买的原料试剂。
实施例1
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子的制备:将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将20.8g正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.硅树脂预聚物的制备:先将1.7g冰醋酸,22.83g异丙醇,13.68g去离子水放入溶液A,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.3,再将4.16g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84gγ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备:加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2。
实施例2
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃
以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.将2.9g冰醋酸,32.44g异丙醇,19.44g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.3。再将12.48g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2。
实施例3
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2。
实施例4
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.将2.4g冰醋酸,51.67g异丙醇,30.96g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.3。将29.12g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2。
实施例5
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在40℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为
1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,反应温度为40℃。
实施例6
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为5。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,溶液A的pH值为5。
对比例1
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中
性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,与实施例3不同的是,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:1。
对比例2
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,37.8g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,与实施例3不同的是,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:3。
对比例3
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在65℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷
却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,反应温度为65℃。
对比例4
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在85℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,反应温度为85℃。
对比例5
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在30℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,反应温度为30℃。
对比例6
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g甲酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,催化剂为甲酸。
对比例7
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g盐酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,催化剂为盐酸。
对比例8
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为2。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,溶液A的pH值为2。
对比例9
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为6。再将20.8g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2;
与实施例3不同的是,S2中,溶液A的pH值为6。
对比例10
一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将0.3g L-赖氨酸加入单口烧瓶中,然后加入去离子水于油浴锅中60℃以1000rpm搅拌12min,再将入20.8g TEOS加入单口烧瓶中,在60℃中恒温搅拌12h直至溶液澄清为止,记为溶液A;
S2.先将2.23g冰醋酸,42.06g异丙醇,25.2g去离子水放入溶液A中,在室温下270~290rpm/min机械搅拌5~6min,使溶液A的pH值为3.4。再将2.08g TEOS加入到溶液A中,24.84g KH570加入到恒压漏斗中滴加到上述溶液中,270~290rpm/min机械搅拌在45℃酸性条件下水解——缩合4h,待反应体系冷却到室温,加入饱和碳酸氢溶液到四口烧瓶搅拌均匀,然后转移到分液漏斗中,
用去离子水和二氯甲烷震荡均匀分出水相,并用去离子水多次清洗至有机相呈中性,然后减压旋蒸除去溶剂和水得到无色透明的硅树脂预聚物;
S3.加入硅树脂预聚物2wt.%的2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯光引发剂,超声处理后即得快速3D打印用硅树脂;
其中,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:2。
结果检测
通过哈克旋转流变仪和红外光谱仪(Magna360型,美国Nicolet公司)、1H NMR及在紫外灯源405nm下对各实施例和对比例的光敏树脂进行粘度、双键转化率、双键含量和临界曝光量、固化深度的表征。
通过在酸性条件下,改变正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和硅烷偶联剂(KH570)之间的摩尔比合成系列硅树脂预聚物,通过实时红外(real time FIIR)、哈克旋转流变、1H NMR及在紫外灯源405nm下测试其双键转化率、粘度、双键含量及临界曝光量和固化深度,所需的临界曝光量越小,即3D打印硅树脂所固化的光照强度越低,说明打印速度越快。
具体检测结果如下表1所述:
表1
从上述数据可以看出,本发明制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂,具有低粘度、高固含量、快速打印等优异性能,制备的光固化树脂粘度在20~70cps,且打印速度快,单层曝光时间最短为1s,临界曝光量小于5.5mJ/cm2。可以广泛应用于3D打印用材料的制备。
本发明制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂,其双键含量及双键转化率等会影响固化深度及固化所需的辐照光强。在相同辐照光强下,固化深度越深,固化效果越好,双键转化率高。临界曝光量越低,其所需固化的辐照光强也就越低,打印速度就快。
从实施例3和对比例1、对比例2可以看出,对比例1中去离子水与硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为1时,合成硅树脂的过程中不易控制,去离子水的量较少时,硅烷偶联剂水解不完全,产物分层,容易凝胶;对比例2中去离子水与硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为3时,合成硅树脂的过程中去离子水的过量,会生成分子量较大的硅树脂,产生大分子环状结构,易凝胶,且储存稳定性差。
从实施例3和对比例3~5可以看出,对比例3中,反应温度为65℃时,合成的硅树脂的粘度过大,且产物硅树脂储存稳定性不好,易凝胶;对比例4中,当反应温度为85℃时,合成硅树脂的过程中容易凝胶,制备的硅树脂粘度大,流平性差,不利于光固化3D打印。对比例5中,反应温度为30℃时,反应时间过长,通过普通红外测试基本未水解,会导致双键含量、及转化率很低,导致临界曝光量高,固化深度浅。
从实施例3和对比例6和对比例7可以看出,对比例6中,选择甲酸作为催化剂所合成的硅树脂粘度过高,储存稳定性相对于冰醋酸作为催化剂较差,且树脂的流平性不好,不利于光固化3D打印。对比例7中,选择盐酸作为催化剂合成的硅树脂后处理中团聚在一起,催化效果强,缩聚反应剧烈,交联网络密集导
致团聚,形成白色絮状,无法进行后处理,无法进行3D打印。
从实施例3和对比例8和对比例9可以看出,对比例8中,当反应的pH值为1~3时,此时反应体系中酸性过高,水解未反应就会发生缩聚反应,导致合成硅树脂过程中速度过快,易凝胶,产物外观会呈现乳白色无法进行3D打印;对比例9中,反应的pH为6时,能够促进水解和缩聚反应,但对其产物硅树脂预聚物的光固化动力学测试,与实施例3对比,实施例3更适合进行3D打印。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:S1.单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子的制备:硅源水溶液水解得到溶液A;S2.硅树脂预聚物的制备:将冰醋酸和醇水溶液加入到溶液A中,再加入硅源和具有碳碳双键的硅烷偶联剂,水解、共聚反应制备成活性预聚物;经冷却、分液、干燥、旋蒸后得到硅树脂预聚物;S3.快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备:将光引发剂与S2中的硅树脂预聚物混合均匀,得到快速3D打印用硅树脂;其中,S1中,硅源为正硅酸乙酯和/或正硅酸甲酯;S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为(1~7):5;硅源和硅烷偶联剂中有机硅氧烷摩尔比之和与水的摩尔比为1:(1.5~2.5);水解反应温度为40~55℃,溶液A的pH值为3~4。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,硅源和硅烷偶联剂的摩尔比为(3~5):5。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,反应温度为45~50℃。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,溶液A的pH值为3.3~3.4。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷或γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,光引发剂为2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基次膦酸乙酯、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮或1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮中的一种或几种。
- 如权利要求1所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述醇水溶液中的醇为异丙醇、甲醇或乙醇中的一种或几种。
- 如权利要求1~7任一项所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的制备方法制备得到的快速3D打印用硅树脂。
- 如权利要求8所述快速3D打印用硅树脂,其特征在于,所述快速3D打印用硅树脂的粘度为20~70cps。
- 一种权利要求9所述快速3D打印用硅树脂在制备3D打印用材料中的应用。
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| CN105331115B (zh) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-04-27 | 杭州师范大学 | 一种3d打印紫外光固化透明硅树脂复合材料的制备方法与应用 |
| CN105903062B (zh) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-06-25 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所 | 一种孔径和粒径均单分散可控的介孔硅快速止血粉及制备方法 |
| CN107416849A (zh) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-01 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种制备单分散纳米二氧化硅粒子的方法 |
| WO2019067604A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | PHOTOCURABLE COMPOSITIONS AND 3D PRINTING METHODS USING THE SAME |
| US10344194B2 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-07-09 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Thermal interface composition comprising ionically modified siloxane |
| CN108299602A (zh) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-07-20 | 上海多睿电子科技有限公司 | 3d打印uv固化高透光材料、预聚物以及制备方法 |
| CN108192100A (zh) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-22 | 广东工业大学 | 一种光固化有机硅树脂及其制备方法、光敏树脂以及应用 |
| DE102018117617A1 (de) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Herstellung von Formkörpern aus einem anorganisch-organischen Hybridpolymer mit hoher Auflösung mittels 3D-Druck, Formkörper mit hohen Biegefestigkeiten und E-Moduln und deren Anwendung für dentale Zwecke |
| KR102169052B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-10-22 | 경상대학교산학협력단 | 3d 프린터용 광경화 조성물 |
| CN111825879B (zh) * | 2019-04-10 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | 一种用于3d打印气凝胶的前驱溶液及3d打印方法 |
| CN112300308B (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-08-30 | 北京化工大学 | 一种超强硅基复合弹性体的3d打印材料及其制备方法、应用和打印方法 |
| CN110606670A (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-24 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种宽光谱抗反射超疏水光伏玻璃的制备方法 |
| EP3936572A1 (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-12 | Spectroplast AG | Method for preparing a 3d-printed silicone |
| CN115340674B (zh) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-09-29 | 广东工业大学 | 一种快速3d打印用硅树脂及其制备方法和应用 |
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2022
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120248412A (zh) * | 2025-04-15 | 2025-07-04 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | 一种3d打印有机无机杂化气凝胶及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN115340674B (zh) | 2023-09-29 |
| WO2024037665A3 (zh) | 2024-04-25 |
| CN115340674A (zh) | 2022-11-15 |
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