WO2024037045A1 - 水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法 - Google Patents

水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037045A1
WO2024037045A1 PCT/CN2023/091633 CN2023091633W WO2024037045A1 WO 2024037045 A1 WO2024037045 A1 WO 2024037045A1 CN 2023091633 W CN2023091633 W CN 2023091633W WO 2024037045 A1 WO2024037045 A1 WO 2024037045A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
door
stacked
arm
stacked beam
hydraulic grab
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/091633
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
包唐伟
董万里
刘文忠
张兆礼
刘文亮
刘德新
代飞
张洪毅
谭大文
侯春尧
孟春琦
Original Assignee
中国长江电力股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国长江电力股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国长江电力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024037045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037045A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/02—Water-ways
    • E02B9/022—Closures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of water intake dispatching for hydropower stations, and relates to a method for lifting and lowering stacked beam doors for ecological dispatching of hierarchical water intake in hydropower stations.
  • multi-layer laminated beam doors are generally used to release and control the water temperature on demand.
  • the water inlet of each unit is equipped with 5 door slots.
  • this type of stacked beam door is generally placed in the door storage slot when not in use.
  • the door operator needs to constantly switch the stacked beam door between the storage door slot and the working door slot, resulting in a relatively complicated opening and closing process of this type of stacked beam door. It is complicated and requires the door operator to continuously move the left and right traveling cart system and the front and rear traveling trolley system to lift the stacked beam door, and place the stacked beam door in the storage door slot into the working door slot of the stacked beam door according to the required water blocking height.
  • the required water temperature is released into the downstream rivers, thereby satisfying the reproduction of fish and other organisms.
  • performing this type of work requires manual operations for each operation, such as manually driving the door operator to the corresponding door storage slot, opening the door storage slot cover, extracting the required stacked beam door, placing it in the working door slot, and stacking it at the same time.
  • the connection and disassembly of the beam doors one by one requires manual operations at the openings for a long time, making this type of working method very slow and very labor-intensive, and it is not consistent with the existing intelligent operation requirements of the equipment. Therefore, the automatic opening and closing method of stacked beam doors for stratified water intake and ecological dispatch of hydropower stations is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for lifting and lowering the laminated beam doors of a hydropower station for hierarchical water intake and ecological scheduling.
  • an Internet of Things intelligent terminal for wireless communication transmission is added to communicate with the on-site door operator. Docking, real-time collection of various analog signals and switching signals on site, and data interaction with the cloud platform through the base station, replacing the currently commonly used wired transmission methods, simplifying remote communication methods, and improving the reliability of the safe operation of the equipment.
  • the swing-type locking beam device has the function of automatic throwing and retreating on demand, and the automatic opening and closing of the door storage slot cover Function
  • the system's layer counting and identification function for stacked beams realizes the automatic identification and determination of the door machine and stacked beam doors by the control system, thereby enabling remote operation of the stacked beam doors and realizing the automated operation of the ecological dispatching work of layered water intake. It improves work efficiency, effectively reduces the long hours of workers working at the orifice, reduces operating risks, and improves safety performance.
  • a hydropower station layered water intake ecological dispatching stacked beam door lift method which includes the following steps:
  • S1 establish a network, install IoT smart terminals, 5G base stations and cloud platforms on local equipment to realize human-machine communication between the background and local equipment to ensure safe operation of opening and closing doors;
  • S3, grab beam positioning uses the height encoder on the door operator to position the height of the hydraulic grab beam and compare it with the system's preset parameter values to ensure that the hydraulic grab beam is highly controlled.
  • the hydraulic grab beam approaches the stacked beam door guide the hydraulic grab beam into the stacked beam door lifting lugs through the positioning guide sleeve, so that the pin of the hydraulic grab beam's pin system can safely pass through the stacked beam door lifting lugs, ensuring that the hydraulic grab beam is effectively connected to the stacked beam door;
  • the protective device includes a claw-type mechanism connected at both ends of the two cover plates.
  • a plurality of counterweight arms and folding arms are connected to one side of the cover plate.
  • the unlocking mechanism is connected to the claw-type mechanism and cooperates with the locking mechanism.
  • the contact roller and the stacked beam The ribs on the side of the door are connected and fixed, the cover plate is hinged with the edge of the door storage slot opening, the locking mechanism is located on the side of the door storage slot and locks with the claw mechanism; the unlocking mechanism unlocks the locking mechanism and pulls the claw mechanism upward to close or after the cover is closed, apply downward pressure on the folding arm and open the cover with the cooperation of the counterweight arm and the folding arm.
  • the cover plate is a flat plate with a grid structure, and circular through holes are provided at the opening and closing openings of the two cover plates to cooperate with the bumps on the folding arms;
  • the claw-type mechanism includes a piston rod hinged on both sides of the upper end of the sliding rod. The other end is movably connected with the cover plate, the sliding rod is slidingly matched with the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the inner wall of the door storage tank;
  • the locking mechanism includes a lock pin that elastically slides and fits in the casing, and the lock pin extends out of the casing and locks with the sliding rod.
  • the lock pin front end is provided with a slope to cooperate with the unlocking mechanism;
  • the unlocking mechanism includes a hook plate connected to the lower end of the unlocking rod, and a roller passing through the hook plate.
  • the slope block connected to the upper end of the unlocking rod is located on the upper side of the support plate on the side of the sliding rod.
  • the block is in sliding contact with the bevel at the front end of the lock pin.
  • the spring at the lower part of the support plate is set on the unlocking rod and conflicts with the retaining ring on the support plate and unlocking rod.
  • the hook plate is connected with the pin at the lower end of the sliding rod, and the roller is in rolling contact with the slide rail. .
  • the ends of the counterweight arm and the ends of the folding arms are connected with gears.
  • the gears mesh with the gears at the end of the trough plate and are located in the hinge seat of the cover plate.
  • the trough plate and the cover plate are connected and fixed; the counterweight arm A counterweight is set at one end away from the gear, a bending structure is set in the middle of the folding arm, and a bump is set on the upper side of one end of the folding arm.
  • the swing locking mechanism includes a rotating shaft matched with the upper end of the support arm of the fixed seat.
  • the connection between the swing arm and the shaft head at both ends of the rotating shaft is tilted to one side.
  • the locking beam is located between the two support arms and connected to the rotating shaft.
  • the stress block is located on one side of the supporting arm.
  • the lower part of the swing arm on the side; the locking beam is a hollow structure, and a weight is set in the compartment at its lower end;
  • the fixed seat of the swing locking mechanism is installed on the side of the stacked beam door opening, and the swing arm and the force block are close to the stacked beam door orifice.
  • automatic lid opening includes the following steps:
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to move to the upper part of the door storage slot opening, and the positioning cylinder on the hydraulic grab beam moves downward;
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to rise and run to the upper part of the stacked beam door.
  • the pin device on the hydraulic grab beam is used to connect with the stacked beam door.
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to drive the stacked beam door to move to Between the two cover plates, fall from the opening between the two cover plates.
  • the contact roller on its side gradually comes into contact with the hook plate of the unlocking mechanism, driving the inclined block at the upper end of the unlocking rod to contact the hook plate of the unlocking mechanism.
  • the bevel sliding contact of the lock pin end of the locking mechanism gradually causes the lock pin to withdraw from the locking hole on the side of the sliding rod;
  • the hierarchical scheduling of door closing and opening includes precise positioning of the door machine's large and trolley traveling mechanisms, precise positioning of the hydraulic grab beam and stacked beam door, automatic threading and pushing in place, and swing-type locking beam device. It is necessary to automatically put in and out, and the system counts and recognizes the laminated beams, realizes the automatic identification and judgment of the door machine and the laminated beam door by the control system, and realizes the automatic operation of ecological dispatching of stratified water intake.
  • automatic lid closing includes the following steps:
  • the lifting equipment drives the hydraulic grab beam to lower, the stacked beam door enters the door storage slot while the hydraulic grab beam descends, the contact roller gradually contacts the swing arm, drives the unlocking lever to move upward, and the unlocking lever
  • the bevel block at the front end is in sliding contact with the bevel at the end of the lock pin, causing the lock pin to exit the lock hole on the sliding rod;
  • the input of the swing locking mechanism includes the following steps:
  • the hydraulic grab beam controls the downward movement of the stacked beam door.
  • the contact roller gradually comes into rolling contact with the upper side of the swing arm, driving the swing arm to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the locking beam to the stacked beam door.
  • the inner side of the support hole of the beam door is deflected, so that the upper end of the locking beam enters the support hole of the stacked beam door.
  • the force-bearing block restricts the downward movement of the locking beam, blocking the downward movement of the stacked beam door, and keeping the stacked beam door in the locked position; this When , the contact roller is located at the lower part of the swing arm.
  • Exiting the swing locking mechanism includes the following steps,
  • the hydraulic grab beam controls the upward movement of the stacked beam door.
  • the locking beam is deflected under the action of the weight and gradually withdraws from the support hole of the stacked beam door in a vertical state; if the locking beam has exited the stacked beam door during the upward movement of the stacked beam door support hole and the contact roller is still located at the lower part of the swing arm, the stacked beam door In the unconstrained state, continue to release the stacked beam door to move downward, and the hydraulic grab beam controls the falling height of the stacked beam door.
  • the application of remote automatic control of a gantry crane to alternately operate the opening and closing of multiple stacked beam doors realizes the unmanned operation of opening and closing the stacked beam doors for ecological dispatch of stratified water intake at the water inlet of the hydropower station, reducing the need for operators to Outdoor working hours.
  • the positioning cylinder on the hydraulic grab beam to open the cover of the storage door slot opening to a certain degree, and then use the self-weight of the cover, counterweight arm and folding arm to open the cover and form protection; lower the stacked beam door to the storage door.
  • the stacked beam door drive unlocking mechanism is used to unlock, so that the cover plate is automatically closed without human intervention, which improves safety performance and efficiency.
  • a swing locking mechanism is installed at the opening of the stacked beam door, and the locking beam of the swing locking mechanism is used to cooperate with the support hole on the side of the stacked beam door to realize entry and exit, which is conducive to precise control of the operation of the stacked beam door and improves the efficiency of layered water intake. , improve the safety of stacked beam door operation.
  • Figure 1 is a usage status diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic side view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the door storage slot hole protection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a state diagram of the stacked beam door operating at the stacked beam door opening according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic front view of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the swing locking mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in Figure 5.
  • Figure 9 is a state diagram after the door storage slot hole protection device is closed according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a state diagram after the door storage slot hole protection device of the present invention is opened.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram showing the cooperation state of the sliding rod, locking mechanism and unlocking mechanism of the present invention.
  • a method of lifting and lowering stacked beam doors for ecological dispatch of hierarchical water intake in hydropower stations includes the following steps:
  • IoT smart terminals establish a network and install IoT smart terminals, 5G base stations and cloud platforms on local equipment to realize human-machine communication between the background and local equipment to ensure safe operation of opening and closing doors; add IoT smart terminals for 5G wireless communication transmission, It connects with the on-site door operator, collects various analog signals and switching signals on site in real time, and conducts data interaction with the cloud platform through the 5G base station, replacing the currently commonly used wired transmission method and simplifying the remote communication method.
  • door operator positioning install positioning identification components on the door operator's trolley mechanism and trolley mechanism, and physically mark the working door slot and door storage slot openings of the stacked beam door to ensure that the door operator accurately moves to the designated door slot hole. position, then stop and control the hydraulic grab beam to open and close the stacked beam door. Operation; for the main equipment, the precise positioning of the door machine's large and trolley traveling mechanisms is added.
  • S3, grab beam positioning uses the height encoder on the door operator to position the height of the hydraulic grab beam and compare it with the system's preset parameter values to ensure that the hydraulic grab beam is highly controlled.
  • the hydraulic grab beam approaches the stacked beam door , guide the hydraulic grab beam into the stacked beam door lifting lugs through the positioning guide sleeve, so that the pin of the hydraulic grab beam's pin system can safely pass through the stacked beam door lifting lugs, ensuring that the hydraulic grab beam is effectively connected to the stacked beam door;
  • the precise positioning of the stacked beam door by the hydraulic grab beam and the automatic push-in and push-out function of the swing locking mechanism on demand, the automatic opening and closing function of the door storage tank cover, and the layer counting and identification function of the system's stacked beams are used to realize the control system
  • the automatic identification and determination of the door machine and the stacked beam door enables the remote operation of the stacked beam door, realizes the automated operation of the stratified water intake ecological scheduling work, improves work efficiency, and effectively reduces the
  • the above steps mainly take remote operation as the technical goal, and are guided by the automatic door taking, closing and opening logic of the gantry crane, and a set of rigorous stratified water intake ecological dispatching operation logic for the opening and closing of the stacked beam door is designed.
  • the remote operator is added to determine the key nodes of the operation process and the background visual monitoring of the equipment, so that the remote operation of the automatic door opening and closing process can be risk-controlled. Ensure the equipment operates safely during operation.
  • the protection device includes a claw-type mechanism 102 connected at both ends of the two cover plates 101 , a plurality of counterweight arms 103 and folding arms 104 connected to one side of the cover plate 101 , and an unlocking mechanism 105 and the claw-type mechanism 102 Connect and cooperate with the locking mechanism 106, the contact roller 107 is connected and fixed with the rib plate on the side of the stacked beam door, the cover plate 101 is hinged with the edge of the door storage slot opening, the locking mechanism 106 is located on the side of the storage door slot and locks with the claw mechanism 102 ; The unlocking mechanism 105 unlocks the locking mechanism 106, and pulls the claw mechanism 102 to move upward to close the cover 101; or after the cover 101 is closed, apply downward pressure on the folding arm 104, and connect the counterweight arm 103 and the folding arm. With the cooperation of 104, open the cover 101. During installation, the locking mechanism 106 is fixed on the edge of the door storage slot opening.
  • the cover plate 101 is a flat plate with a grid structure, and circular through holes are provided at the opening and closing openings of the two cover plates 101 to cooperate with the bumps on the folding arms 104;
  • the claw mechanism 102 includes two upper ends of the sliding rods.
  • a side-hinged piston rod, the other end of the piston rod is movably connected to the cover plate 101, the sliding rod is slidingly matched with the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the inner wall of the door storage slot;
  • the locking mechanism 106 includes a lock pin with elastic sliding fit in the casing. Extend the sleeve outside and cooperate with the locking hole on the sliding rod.
  • the front end of the lock pin is provided with a slope to cooperate with the unlocking mechanism 105;
  • the unlocking mechanism 105 includes a hook plate connected to the lower end of the unlocking rod and a roller passing through the hook plate.
  • the upper end of the unlocking rod is connected
  • the bevel block is located on the upper side of the support plate on the side of the sliding rod.
  • the bevel block is in sliding contact with the bevel at the front end of the lock pin.
  • the spring at the lower part of the support plate is set on the unlocking rod and conflicts with the retaining ring on the support plate and unlocking rod.
  • the hook plate and the sliding is connected by a pin, and the roller is in rolling contact with the slide rail.
  • the end of the counterweight arm 103 and the end of the folding arm 104 are connected with gears, which mesh with the gears at the end of the groove plate and are located in the hinge seat of the cover plate 101, and the groove plate and The cover plate 101 is connected and fixed; the end of the counterweight arm 103 away from the gear is provided with a counterweight block, the middle part of the folding arm 104 is provided with a bending structure, and the upper side of one end of the folding arm 104 is provided with a bump.
  • the two cover plates 101 When the mutually symmetrical folding arms 104 are in a horizontal state, the two protrusions are located in the circular through holes on the cover plate 101 in a horizontal state.
  • the cover 101 is closing, the counterweight arm 103 and the folding arm 104 are used to cooperate with the groove plate, and under the action of gear mesh, the cover 101 is driven to flip, which is beneficial to completely closing or completely opening the cover 101.
  • the swing locking mechanism includes a rotating shaft matched with the upper end of the support arm 201 of the fixed seat.
  • the swing arm 202 is connected to the shaft heads at both ends of the rotating shaft and tilts to one side.
  • the locking beam 203 is located between the two supporting arms 201 and connected with the rotating shaft. connection, the force-bearing block 204 is located at the lower part of the swing arm 202 on one side of the support arm 201; the locking beam 203 is a hollow structure, and a weight 205 is provided in the compartment at its lower end; the fixed seat of the swing locking mechanism is installed in the stacked beam door hole On the side of the door, the swing arm 202 and the force-bearing block 204 are close to the stacked beam door opening.
  • the swing arm 202 drives the locking beam 203 to swing, so that it can enter or exit the support hole of the stacked beam door, realizing the input and exit functions, improving the safety during the operation of the stacked beam door, and facilitating accurate scheduling and layering. Get water.
  • automatic lid opening includes the following steps:
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to move to the upper part of the door storage slot opening, and the positioning cylinder on the hydraulic grab beam moves downward;
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to rise and run to the upper part of the stacked beam door.
  • the pin device on the hydraulic grab beam is used to connect with the stacked beam door.
  • the lifting equipment controls the hydraulic grab beam to drive the stacked beam door to move to Between the two cover plates 101, the stacked beam door falls from the opening between the two cover plates 101.
  • the contact roller 107 on its side gradually comes into contact with the hook plate of the unlocking mechanism 105, driving the upper end of the unlocking lever.
  • the inclined block is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the lock pin end of the locking mechanism 106, gradually causing the lock pin to withdraw from the locking hole on the side of the sliding rod;
  • the hierarchical scheduling of door closing and opening of water intake includes precise positioning of the door machine and the traveling mechanism of the trolley, precise positioning of the hydraulic grab beam and the stacked beam door, and automatic push-in and push-in motion in place and swing.
  • the locking beam device automatically switches in and out on demand, and the system counts and recognizes the layers of stacked beams. It realizes the automatic identification and determination of door machines and stacked beam doors in the control system, and realizes the automatic operation of ecological dispatching of layered water intake.
  • the closing process of the hierarchical water intake laminated beam door of the hydropower station is as follows:
  • the user logs in and enters the identity verification information. After passing the verification, the user can enter the operating system;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts walking. After receiving the "operating unit number" confirmation signal from the background, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and walks towards the stacked beam door with the unit number that needs to be operated. The door operator trolley mechanism During the walking process, the rear operator can monitor the door operator's movement to ensure the safe movement of the door operator's cart mechanism;
  • the door operator's trolley mechanism stops. When the system recognizes the unit's positioning signal, the door operator stops. After the parking signal is sent, the backstage operator needs to confirm the door operator's position again;
  • the door operator's trolley mechanism starts to move. After the "parking space" of the door operator's trolley mechanism is confirmed, it will operate according to the "operation stack door layer n" issued by the background. signal, the motor of the traveling mechanism of the door operator trolley starts and walks towards the working door slot L1 of the stacked beam door that needs to be operated. During the traveling process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the operator at the rear can monitor the movement of the door operator trolley to ensure the safety of the door operator trolley mechanism.
  • the system determines that the door operator trolley moves from the parking space L to the parking space L1 of the stacked beam door working door slot and then stops;
  • the hydraulic grab beam descends. After receiving the "drop grab beam” signal from the background, the hydraulic grab beam begins to descend, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that when the locking beam is in the locking position, the system image comparison is used, the stacked beam door is in place signal action, the display weight ⁇ the grab beam weight, the current height is the stacked beam door locking position ⁇ H7, that is, ⁇ H6+h, parking;
  • the grab beam lift door is unlocked. After receiving the "lift stack beam door” signal from the background, the grab beam starts to lift the stack beam door, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the swing locking beam follows the stacked beam door and rotates upward under the counterweight condition.
  • the stacked beam door is raised to the locking beam stop exit height, that is, ⁇ H8, it stops and the locking beam separates from the support hole of the stacked beam door. constrained, and driven by the counterweight of the locking beam body, it continues to swing and rotate to the vertical position to realize the automatic exit function of the swinging locking beam; at this height position, the driving device installed on the stacked beam door is still under the contact arm. Therefore, it will not affect the subsequent closing action of the stacked beam door.
  • the system determines that when the locking beam is in the unlocking position, the system image comparison is used. At the same time, the current height is the locking beam stop exit position height, that is, when ⁇ H8, stop;
  • the grabbing beam lowers and closes the door. After receiving the "drop and close” signal from the background, the grabbing beam begins to lower and close the door. This step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that when the locking beam is in the unlocking position, the system image comparison is used to show that the weight ⁇ the weight of the grabbing beam.
  • the grab beam is unpinned and the pump is started. After receiving the "grab beam unpinned" signal from the background, the grab beam starts to start the pump and unpinned, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the grab beam After receiving the "grab beam lifting" signal from the background, the grab beam begins to lift, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that the grab beam is raised to the appropriate height. Stop the car, and manual judgment is made. The grab beam is lifted into place and confirmed;
  • the door operator trolley starts to move. After the stop of the grab beam is completed, the motor of the door operator trolley's traveling mechanism starts and walks in the direction determined by the system. During the walking process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the rear operator can monitor the movement of the door operator to ensure that the door operator trolley Institutional walking safety;
  • the system determines that the door closing operation is not completed, and drives the trolley mechanism to walk to the door storage slot parking spaces L2, L3, and L4 in sequence;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism stops.
  • the car mechanism moves to the parking space L0, it stops and triggers the "door operator returns to the base station" signal;
  • the door operator cart mechanism starts walking. After receiving the "door operator returns to base station" signal from the background, the door operator cart traveling mechanism motor starts and walks toward the door operator parking base station. This step can also be automatically delayed. run;
  • the door operator stops. When the system recognizes the base station positioning signal, the door operator stops. The background operator needs to confirm the door operator's position again;
  • the hydraulic grab beam descends and the door storage tank cover is opened: After receiving the "grab beam drop” signal from the background, the hydraulic grab beam begins to descend, and this step can also be automatically delayed; the two hydraulic grab beams The positioning sleeve simultaneously triggers the cover door opening mechanism, and opens the door storage tank cover under the self-weight of the hydraulic grab beam;
  • the system determines that the stacked beam door is in place signal and the display weight ⁇ grab beam weight.
  • the current height is the dam top elevation ⁇ H6 - the length L of the cover plate operating lever, that is, the stacked beam door is stored in the storage position and stops;
  • the system determines that the displayed weight ⁇ the weight of the hydraulic grab beam + the total weight of the stacked beam door ⁇ K.
  • K is set according to the on-site debugging data.
  • the current height is ⁇ H11, that is, when the stacked beam door is raised to the elevation, it will stop;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts walking: After the grab beam is stopped, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and walks towards the working door slot L1 of the stacked beam door. During the walking process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the rear operator can monitor the door operator movement to ensure The door operator trolley mechanism is safe to move;;
  • the system determines that when the door operator trolley moves directly to the L1 position of the stacked beam door working door slot, it stops;
  • the door opening process of the hierarchical water intake laminated beam door of the hydropower station is as follows:
  • the user logs in and enters the identity verification information. After passing the verification, the user can enter the operating system;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts walking. After receiving the "operating unit number" confirmation signal from the background, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and walks towards the stacked beam door with the unit number that needs to be operated. The door operator trolley mechanism During the walking process, the rear operator can monitor the door operator's movement to ensure the safe movement of the door operator's cart mechanism;
  • the door operator's trolley mechanism stops. When the system recognizes the unit's positioning signal, the door operator stops. After the parking signal is sent, the backstage operator needs to confirm the door operator's position again;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts to move. After the "parking space” of the door operator trolley mechanism is confirmed, according to the "operating laminated door layer number n" signal sent from the background, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and moves from the parking space L to The stacked beam door that needs to be operated is moving in the working door slot L1 and the door operator trolley mechanism is walking. The rear operator can monitor the movement of the door operator to ensure the safety of the door operator trolley mechanism;
  • the system determines that the door operator trolley moves from the parking space L to the opening of the stacked beam door working door slot L1 and stops;
  • the hydraulic grab beam descends. After receiving the "drop grab beam” signal from the background, the hydraulic grab beam begins to descend, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that when the locking beam is in the unlocking position, the system image comparison is used, the stacked beam door is in place signal action, and the display weight ⁇ the grab beam weight.
  • the grab beam lifts and opens the door. After receiving the "lift stack beam door” signal from the background, the grab beam starts to lift the stack beam door, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the contact arm of the swing locking beam can avoid the upward movement of the stacked beam door.
  • the stacked beam door is raised to the height where the locking beam starts to be put in, that is, ⁇ H9, it stops. At this height, the stacked beam door is installed on the stacked beam.
  • the door drive device is located above the contact arm to prepare in advance for the subsequent downward movement of the stacked beam door to trigger the contact arm.
  • the grab beam falls and the door is locked. After receiving the "drop and stop door” signal from the background, the grab beam starts to lower the door, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the locking beam automatic throwing and retreating device will automatically put the locking beam of the stacked beam door into operation according to the actual situation on site.
  • the driving device on the stacked beam door and The contact arms of the locking beam are just rolled apart, and the subsequent locking beam can be driven to a horizontal position by the weight of the stacked beam door body, thereby achieving effective support for the stacked beam door.
  • the system determines that when the locking beam is in the locking position, the system image comparison is used to show that the weight ⁇ the weight of the grabbing beam.
  • the current height is ⁇ H7, which is the locking position of the stacked beam door. Stop;
  • the grab beam is unpinned and the pump is started. After receiving the "grab beam unpinned" signal from the background, the grab beam starts to start the pump and unpinned, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the grab beam After receiving the "grab beam lifting" signal from the background, the grab beam begins to lift, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that when the grab beam is raised to the upper limit elevation ⁇ H12, the car is stopped, and manual judgment is made, and the grab beam is lifted into place and confirmed;
  • the door operator trolley starts walking. After the grab beam is stopped, the motor of the door operator trolley's traveling mechanism starts and walks in the direction L determined by the system. During the walking process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the rear operator can monitor the movement of the door operator to ensure that the door operator The trolley mechanism is safe to walk;
  • the system determines or manually determines
  • the system determines that when the car moves to parking space L, it stops and triggers the "door operator returns to base station" signal;
  • the door operator starts walking. After receiving the "door operator returns to base station" signal from the background, the motor of the door operator's trolley traveling mechanism starts and walks towards the door operator's parking base station. This step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the door operator stops. When the system recognizes the base station positioning signal, the door operator stops. The background operator needs to confirm the door operator's position again;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts to move. After the beam-grabbing stop is completed, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and walks in the direction determined by the system. During the walking process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the rear operator can monitor the movement of the door operator to ensure that the door operator The trolley mechanism is safe to walk;
  • the system determines that the door operator trolley will stop when it moves from the working door slot parking space L1 of the stacked beam door to the corresponding door storage slot parking space;
  • the grab beam lowers the storage door and closes the door slot cover: After the car stops, the hydraulic grab beam starts to lower the storage door, and this step can also be automatically delayed; the drive wheels installed on both sides of the stacked beam door body are moving downward.
  • the contact arm of the lift rod of the cover auxiliary device will be rolled downward.
  • the contact arm will rotate downward with the walking support axis as the center, thereby lifting the unlocking rod upward to lock the locking device. The state is released, and then continues to move downward to drive the pull rod to close the cover to the opening where the cover can automatically be fully closed.
  • the system determines that the displayed weight ⁇ grab beam weight, when the current height is the dam top elevation ⁇ H6 - the length L of the cover plate operating lever, that is, the stacked beam door storage position, parking;
  • the grab beam is unpinned and the pump is started. After receiving the "grab beam unpinned" signal from the background, the grab beam starts to start the pump and unpinned, and this step can also be automatically delayed;
  • the system determines that when the grab beam is raised to the pause position elevation ⁇ H10, the car is stopped, and manual judgment is made, and the grab beam is lifted into place and confirmed;
  • the door operator trolley mechanism starts walking: After the grab beam is stopped, the door operator trolley traveling mechanism motor starts and walks towards the working door slot L1 of the stacked beam door. During the walking process of the door operator trolley mechanism, the rear operator can monitor the door operator movement to ensure The door operator trolley mechanism is safe to move;;
  • the system determines that when the door operator trolley moves directly to the L1 position of the stacked beam door working door slot, it stops;
  • automatically closing the lid includes the following steps:
  • the lifting equipment drives the hydraulic grab beam to lower, and the stacked beam door enters the door storage slot while the hydraulic grab beam descends.
  • the contact roller 107 gradually comes into rolling contact with the swing arm 202, driving the unlocking lever to move upward.
  • the bevel block at the front end of the unlocking lever is in sliding contact with the bevel at the end of the lock pin, causing the lock pin to exit the locking hole on the sliding lever;
  • the input of the swing locking mechanism includes the following steps:
  • the hydraulic grab beam controls the downward movement of the stacked beam door.
  • the contact roller 107 gradually comes into rolling contact with the upper side of the swing arm 202, driving the swing arm 202 to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the locking
  • the beam 203 deflects toward the inside of the support hole of the stacked beam door, so that the upper end of the locking beam 203 enters the support hole of the stacked beam door.
  • the force-bearing block 204 restricts the downward movement of the locking beam 203, blocking the downward movement of the stacked beam door and causing the stacked beam door to move downward.
  • the beam door is in the locked position; at this time, the contact roller 107 is located at the lower part of the swing arm 202.
  • the exit of the swing locking mechanism includes the following steps:
  • the hydraulic grab beam controls the upward movement of the stacked beam door.
  • the locking beam 203 is deflected under the action of the weight 205 and gradually withdraws from the support hole of the stacked beam door and becomes vertical;
  • the stacked beam door is in an unconstrained state, and the stacked beam door continues to be released to move downward. , the hydraulic grab beam controls the falling height of the stacked beam door.

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Abstract

一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法,在原有主设备设施不变的情况下，增加无线通讯传输的物联网智能终端，与现场门机对接，实时采集现场的各类模拟信号和开关量信号，并通过基站与云平台进行数据交互，替代目前常用的有线传送方式，对于主设备来说，增加对对门机大、小车行走机构的精准定位，液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆式锁定梁装置按需自动投退功能、储门槽盖板自动开关功能、系统对叠梁的分层计数识别功能，实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，做到对叠梁门的远程操作，实现分层取水生态调度工作的自动化运行，提高工作效率，减少作业人员在孔口部位的长时间工作，降低作业风险，提高安全性能。

Description

水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法 技术领域
本发明属于水电站取水调度技术领域，涉及一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法。
背景技术
在水力发电系统中，对于高水头取水发电结构形式的电站来说，由于水电站进水口取水水头较高，会导致下游水温较低，这样不利于江中鱼类及其他生物的生殖繁衍，也不满足水环境保护的要求，为此在水电站的取水口部位分层设置了专门的挡水叠梁门，该叠梁门由多扇独立的小叠梁门通过连接叠放组合的方式投入使用，用于控制取水口部位库区下泄水温，使下游水温能满足鱼类及其他生物的生殖繁衍。
为精准控制下泄水温，一般采用多层叠梁门按需投放控制水温。目前溪洛渡电站取水口部位设置有四层叠梁门，每台机组的取水口设置有5个门槽，18台机组共计叠梁门90套(每套4扇)，则叠梁门共360扇(90套×4扇＝360扇)，每次进行生态调度需要根据下游水温需求按层启闭叠梁门，而该叠梁门一般采用门式起重机来操作该叠梁门的启闭，其自身的起身高度和起身重量是有限的，不能一次性将所需叠梁门高度组装好后一起落门下放，必须分层一层一层向下落叠梁门，目前落第一层的90扇叠梁门需要13.5天，落第二层、第三层和第四层分别需要22.5天，耗时过大。
同时该类叠梁门在不用的时候一般放置在储门槽内，需要门机不停在储门槽和工作门槽间不停倒换叠梁门，导致该类叠梁门的启闭过程较为复杂，需要门机不停的左右行走大车系统和前后行走小车系统来吊取叠梁门，将存门槽内叠梁门按需求的挡水高度放置到叠梁门工作门槽内，使所需的水温下泄至下游江河中，从而满足鱼类及其它生物的生殖繁衍。而目前执行该类工作全部需要人工进行每一项操作，如人工将门机开至对应的存门槽、打开储门槽盖板、提取所需叠梁门、放置到工作门槽内，同时叠梁门一扇一扇的连接与拆解都需要人工长时间在孔口部位进行操作等，导致该类工作方法效率非常缓慢，也非常耗费人力，且与现有的设备智能化运行要求不相符合，所以水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门的自动启闭方法是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法,在原有主设备设施不变的情况下，增加无线通讯传输的物联网智能终端，与现场门机对接，实时采集现场的各类模拟信号和开关量信号，并通过基站与云平台进行数据交互，替代目前常用的有线传送方式，简化远程通讯方法，提高设备安全运行的可靠性，对于主设备来说，增加对对门机大、小车行走机构的精准定位，液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆式锁定梁装置按需自动投退功能、储门槽盖板自动开关功能、系统对叠梁的分层计数识别功能，实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，从而做到对叠梁门的远程操作，实现分层取水生态调度工作的自动化运行，提高了工作效率，有效减少作业人员在孔口部位的长时间工作，降低作业风险，提高安全性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的 方法，它包括如下步骤：
S1，建立网络，在现地设备安装物联网智能终端，5G基站和云平台，实现后台与现地设备的人机交流，确保启闭门运行安全；
S2，门机定位，在门机大车机构和小车机构上加装定位识别元件，并对叠梁门工作门槽及储门槽孔口进行物理标识，确保门机精准行走至指定门槽孔口位置，然后停车控制液压抓梁对叠梁门进行启闭操作；
S3，抓梁定位，通过门机上的高度编码器，对液压抓梁进行高度定位，并与系统预设参数值进行比对，确保液压抓梁高度受控，当液压抓梁接近叠梁门时，通过定位导向套，将液压抓梁引导进入叠梁门吊耳中，使液压抓梁的穿销系统销轴能安全的穿越叠梁门吊耳中，确保液压抓梁有效连接叠梁门；
S4，自动开盖，通过液压抓梁上的两个定位筒，驱动储门槽孔口防护装置上的盖板打开；
S5，分层调度，通过起重设备将叠梁门转移至叠梁门孔口上方，释放叠梁门，在储门槽上行和下行运动过程中摇摆锁定机构自动投退，使叠梁门闭门或开门，对水电站分层取水；
S6，自动关盖，通过起重设备控制叠梁门起吊至储门槽上方，释放叠梁门进入储门槽内的过程中，自动关闭防护装置上的盖板。
所述防护装置包括两个盖板两端连接的爪型机构，多个配重臂和折合臂与盖板一侧连接，解锁机构与爪型机构连接并与锁定机构配合，接触滚与叠梁门侧面的筋板连接固定，盖板与储门槽孔口边沿铰接，锁定机构位于储门槽一侧与爪型机构配合锁定；解锁机构对锁定机构进行解锁，并拉动爪型机构向上运动关闭盖板；或者在盖板关闭后，施加折合臂向下的压力，并在配重臂和折合臂的配合下打开盖板。
所述盖板为网格结构的平板，位于两个盖板的开闭口设置圆形通孔与折合臂上的凸块配合；爪型机构包括滑动杆上端两侧铰接的活塞杆，活塞杆的另一端与盖板活动连接，滑动杆与滑轨滑动配合，滑轨固定于储门槽内壁；锁定机构包括套管内弹性滑动配合的锁销，锁销伸出套管外与滑动杆上的锁定孔配合，锁销前端设置斜面与解锁机构配合；解锁机构包括解锁杆下端连接的钩板，以及穿过钩板的滚轴，解锁杆上端连接的斜面块位于滑动杆侧面的支板上部，斜面块与锁销前端的斜面滑动接触，支板下部的弹簧套设在解锁杆上与支板和解锁杆上的挡圈抵触，钩板与滑动杆下端销轴连接，滚轴与滑轨滚动接触。
所述配重臂的端头和折合臂的端头皆连接有齿轮，该齿轮与槽板端头的齿轮相互啮合且位于盖板的铰接座内，槽板与盖板连接固定；配重臂远离齿轮的一端设置配重块，折合臂的中部设置弯折结构，折合臂一端的上侧面设置凸块，当两个盖板上的两个相互对称的折合臂处于水平状态时，两个凸块位于水平状态的盖板上的圆形通孔内。
所述摇摆锁定机构包括固定座的支撑臂上端配合的转轴，摇摆臂与转轴两端的轴头连接向一侧倾斜，锁定梁位于两个支撑臂之间与转轴连接，受力块位于支撑臂一侧的摇摆臂下部；锁定梁为中空的结构，位于其下端的隔腔内设置重锤；摇摆锁定机构的固定座安装于叠梁门孔口的侧面，摇摆臂和受力块靠近叠梁门孔口。
在S4中，自动开盖包括如下步骤，
S4-1，启动，起重设备控制液压抓梁运行至储门槽孔口上部，液压抓梁上的定位筒向下运动；
S4-2，顶动，定位筒向下运动与两个盖板上的圆形通孔内的凸块抵触，驱动折合臂绕铰接座向下转动；
S4-3，开盖，折合臂向下转动的过程中带动盖板向上翻转，同时配重臂也向下翻转，且在配重臂和折合臂的自重作用下，驱动两个盖板之间形成一定的开度；此步骤中，活塞杆同步伸展；
S4-4，解锁，起重设备控制液压抓梁上升并运行至叠梁门上部，利用液压抓梁上的穿销装置与叠梁门连接，起重设备控制液压抓梁带动叠梁门运行至两个盖板之间，从两个盖板之间的开口处下落，叠梁门在下落的过程中，其侧面的接触滚逐渐与解锁机构的钩板接触，驱动解锁杆上端的斜面块与锁定机构的锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，逐渐使锁销退出滑动杆侧面的锁定孔；
S4-5，形成防护，在滑动杆解除约束的情况下，配重臂和折合臂在自重作用下进一步向下转动，驱动盖板完全打开，并与伸展后的活塞杆共同组成防护，围合在储门槽孔口周围。
在S5中，分层调度取水中的闭门和启门包括，对门机大、小车行走机构精准定位，完成液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆式锁定梁装置按需自动投退、系统对叠梁分层计数识别，实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，实现分层取水生态调度自动化运行。
在S6中，自动关盖包括如下步骤，
S6-1，起吊转移，通过起重设备提升液压抓梁，液压抓梁通过液压穿销装置连接闸门上侧的穿销孔，随后，起重设备将闸门提升并转移至储门槽孔口上部；
S6-2，下降解锁，起重设备驱动液压抓梁下降，叠梁门随压液抓梁下降的同时进入储门槽孔，接触滚逐渐与摇摆臂滚动接触，驱动解锁杆向上运动，解锁杆前端的斜面块与锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，使锁销退出滑动杆上的锁定孔；
S6-3，初步关闭，叠梁门继续向下降落，进一步推动摇摆臂，使钩板上的滚轴逐渐靠近滑轨并与滑轨滚动接触，驱动解锁杆拉动滑动杆向下运动，滑动杆向下运动的过程中逐渐带动活塞杆折叠并拉动盖板逐渐关闭，使两个盖板形成一定的开度；此步骤中，盖板在逐渐关闭翻转的过程中，折合臂和配重臂分别绕铰接座转动；
S6-4，释放闸门，当叠梁门底部与储门槽底部接触后，液压抓梁的穿销装置退出闸门上侧的穿销孔，起重设备提升液压抓梁逐渐上升；
S6-5，完全关闭，当液压抓梁完全退出两个盖板上部后，盖板依靠自身的重力及配重臂和折合臂的自重完全关闭；此时，滑动杆下端端头与滑轨下端的端板抵触限位，爪型机构的活塞杆收缩，支撑盖板的两端。
摇摆锁定机构的投入包括如下步骤，
液压抓梁控制叠梁门向下运动，在叠梁门落入叠梁门门槽的过程中，接触滚逐渐与摇摆臂上侧面滚动接触，驱动摇摆臂带动转轴转动，转轴带动锁定梁向叠梁门的支撑孔内侧偏转，使锁定梁上端的端头进入叠梁门的支撑孔内，由受力块限制锁定梁向下运动，阻挡叠梁门下行，使叠梁门处于锁定位；此时，接触滚位于摇摆臂下部。
摇摆锁定机构的退出包括如下步骤，
液压抓梁控制叠梁门向上运动，锁定梁在重锤作用下发生偏转并逐渐退出叠梁门的支撑孔呈竖直状态；若叠梁门向上运动的过程中，锁定梁已退出叠梁门的支撑孔，且接触滚仍位于摇摆臂下部时，叠梁门处 于无约束状态，继续释放叠梁门向下运动，由液压抓梁控制叠梁门下落的高度。
本发明的主要有益效果在于：
实现远程自动控制一台门式起重设备交替操作多扇叠梁门的启闭，提高了劳动效率。
远程自动控制一台门式起重设备交替操作多扇叠梁门的启闭方法的运用，实现了水电站进水口分层取水生态调度叠梁门启闭的无人化操作，减少了操作人员在室外工作时间。
利用液压抓梁上的定位筒对储门槽孔口的盖板进行一定的开度，再利用盖板及配重臂和折合臂的自重开启盖板并形成防护；在叠梁门下放至储门槽内的过程中，利用叠梁门驱动解锁机构解锁，使盖板自动关闭，无需人员操作干预，提高了安全性能和效率。
采用在叠梁门孔口位置设置摇摆锁定机构，利用摇摆锁定机构的锁定梁与叠梁门侧面的支撑孔配合，实现投入和退出，有利于精准控制叠梁门的运行提高分层取水的效率，提高叠梁门运行的安全性。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明的使用状态图。
图2为图1的剖面图。
图3为图1的侧视示意图。
图4为本发明储门槽孔口防护装置的结构示意图。
图5为本发明叠梁门在叠梁门孔口运行的状态图。
图6为图5的主视示意图。
图7为本发明摇摆锁定机构的结构示意图。
图8为图5的A处放大示意图。
图9为本发明储门槽孔口防护装置关闭后的状态图。
图10为本发明储门槽孔口防护装置打开后的状态图。
图11为本发明滑动杆、锁定机构及解锁机构配合的状态图。
图中：水电站进水口混凝土基础0，拦污栅及拦污栅孔口1，叠梁门及叠梁门孔口2，摇摆锁定机构3，第一储门槽及盖板4，第二储门槽及盖板5，第三储门槽及盖板6，起重设备7，液压抓梁8，机组检修门9，机组事故快速门10，通气孔11，盖板101，爪型机构102，配重臂103，折合臂104，解锁机构105，锁定机构106，接触滚107，支撑臂201，摇摆臂202，锁定梁203，受力块204，重锤205。
具体实施方式
如图1～图11中，一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，它包括如下步骤：
S1，建立网络，在现地设备安装物联网智能终端，5G基站和云平台，实现后台与现地设备的人机交流，确保启闭门运行安全；增加5G无线通讯传输的物联网智能终端，与现场门机对接，实时采集现场的各类模拟信号和开关量信号，并通过5G基站与云平台进行数据交互，替代目前常用的有线传送方式，简化了远程通讯方法。
S2，门机定位，在门机大车机构和小车机构上加装定位识别元件，并对叠梁门工作门槽及储门槽孔口进行物理标识，确保门机精准行走至指定门槽孔口位置，然后停车控制液压抓梁对叠梁门进行启闭 操作；对于主设备来说，增加了对门机大、小车行走机构的精准定位。
S3，抓梁定位，通过门机上的高度编码器，对液压抓梁进行高度定位，并与系统预设参数值进行比对，确保液压抓梁高度受控，当液压抓梁接近叠梁门时，通过定位导向套，将液压抓梁引导进入叠梁门吊耳中，使液压抓梁的穿销系统销轴能安全的穿越叠梁门吊耳中，确保液压抓梁有效连接叠梁门；液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆锁定机构按需自动投退功能、储门槽盖板自动开关功能、系统对叠梁的分层计数识别功能，来实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，从而做到对叠梁门的远程操作，实现分层取水生态调度工作的自动化运行，提高了工作效率，有效减少作业人员在孔口部位的长时间工作，降低了作业风险。
S4，自动开盖，通过液压抓梁上的两个定位筒，驱动储门槽孔口防护装置上的盖板打开；
S5，分层调度，通过起重设备将叠梁门转移至叠梁门孔口上方，释放叠梁门，在储门槽上行和下行运动过程中摇摆锁定机构自动投退，使叠梁门闭门或开门，对水电站分层取水；
S6，自动关盖，通过起重设备控制叠梁门起吊至储门槽上方，释放叠梁门进入储门槽内的过程中，自动关闭防护装置上的盖板。
上述步骤主要以远程操作为技术目标，并以门式起重机的自动取门、闭门和启门逻辑为导向，设计出了一套严谨的分层取水生态调度叠梁门的启闭操作逻辑，实现设备的现地无人化操作，运行过程中增加了远程操作人员对操作过程的各个关键节点的确定及后台对设备的可视化监控，使该远程操作自动启闭门过程做到风险受控，确保操作过程中设备运行安全。
优选的方案中，所述防护装置包括两个盖板101两端连接的爪型机构102，多个配重臂103和折合臂104与盖板101一侧连接，解锁机构105与爪型机构102连接并与锁定机构106配合，接触滚107与叠梁门侧面的筋板连接固定，盖板101与储门槽孔口边沿铰接，锁定机构106位于储门槽一侧与爪型机构102配合锁定；解锁机构105对锁定机构106进行解锁，并拉动爪型机构102向上运动关闭盖板101；或者在盖板101关闭后，施加折合臂104向下的压力，并在配重臂103和折合臂104的配合下打开盖板101。安装时，锁定机构106固定于储门槽孔口边沿。
优选的方案中，所述盖板101为网格结构的平板，位于两个盖板101的开闭口设置圆形通孔与折合臂104上的凸块配合；爪型机构102包括滑动杆上端两侧铰接的活塞杆，活塞杆的另一端与盖板101活动连接，滑动杆与滑轨滑动配合，滑轨固定于储门槽内壁；锁定机构106包括套管内弹性滑动配合的锁销，锁销伸出套管外与滑动杆上的锁定孔配合，锁销前端设置斜面与解锁机构105配合；解锁机构105包括解锁杆下端连接的钩板，以及穿过钩板的滚轴，解锁杆上端连接的斜面块位于滑动杆侧面的支板上部，斜面块与锁销前端的斜面滑动接触，支板下部的弹簧套设在解锁杆上与支板和解锁杆上的挡圈抵触，钩板与滑动杆下端销轴连接，滚轴与滑轨滚动接触。使用时，当盖板101完全打开时，与爪型机构102共同组成防护装置，围合在储门槽孔口边沿，提高安全性能。
优选的方案中，所述配重臂103的端头和折合臂104的端头皆连接有齿轮，该齿轮与槽板端头的齿轮相互啮合且位于盖板101的铰接座内，槽板与盖板101连接固定；配重臂103远离齿轮的一端设置配重块，折合臂104的中部设置弯折结构，折合臂104一端的上侧面设置凸块，当两个盖板101上的两个相互对称的折合臂104处于水平状态时，两个凸块位于水平状态的盖板101上的圆形通孔内。使用 时，在盖板101关闭过程中，利用配重臂103和折合臂104与槽板配合，在齿轮啮合作用下，驱动盖板101翻转，有利于使盖板101完全关闭或完全打开。
优选的方案中，所述摇摆锁定机构包括固定座的支撑臂201上端配合的转轴，摇摆臂202与转轴两端的轴头连接向一侧倾斜，锁定梁203位于两个支撑臂201之间与转轴连接，受力块204位于支撑臂201一侧的摇摆臂202下部；锁定梁203为中空的结构，位于其下端的隔腔内设置重锤205；摇摆锁定机构的固定座安装于叠梁门孔口的侧面，摇摆臂202和受力块204靠近叠梁门孔口。使用时，通过摇摆臂202驱动锁定梁203摇摆，使其能够进入或退出叠梁门的支撑孔，实现投入和退出功能，提高叠梁门运行过程中的安全性，有利于精准调度并分层取水。
优选的方案中，在S4中，自动开盖包括如下步骤，
S4-1，启动，起重设备控制液压抓梁运行至储门槽孔口上部，液压抓梁上的定位筒向下运动；
S4-2，顶动，定位筒向下运动与两个盖板101上的圆形通孔内的凸块抵触，驱动折合臂104绕铰接座向下转动；
S4-3，开盖，折合臂104向下转动的过程中带动盖板101向上翻转，同时配重臂103也向下翻转，且在配重臂103和折合臂104的自重作用下，驱动两个盖板101之间形成一定的开度；此步骤中，活塞杆同步伸展；
S4-4，解锁，起重设备控制液压抓梁上升并运行至叠梁门上部，利用液压抓梁上的穿销装置与叠梁门连接，起重设备控制液压抓梁带动叠梁门运行至两个盖板101之间，从两个盖板101之间的开口处下落，叠梁门在下落的过程中，其侧面的接触滚107逐渐与解锁机构105的钩板接触，驱动解锁杆上端的斜面块与锁定机构106的锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，逐渐使锁销退出滑动杆侧面的锁定孔；
S4-5，形成防护，在滑动杆解除约束的情况下，配重臂103和折合臂104在自重作用下进一步向下转动，驱动盖板101完全打开，并与伸展后的活塞杆共同组成防护，围合在储门槽孔口周围。
优选的方案中，在S5中，分层调度取水中的闭门和启门包括，对门机大、小车行走机构精准定位，完成液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆式锁定梁装置按需自动投退、系统对叠梁分层计数识别，实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，实现分层取水生态调度自动化运行。
具体地，水电站分层取水叠梁门的闭门流程：
1、用户登录，输入身份验证信息，在验证通过后，才能进入操作系统；
2、确认操作信息，通过触摸屏选择需要操作叠梁门的机组号*F，选择需要操作的叠梁门层数n，并确认操作；
3、门机大车机构启动行走，在收到后台发出的“操作机组号”确认信号后，门机大车行走机构电机启动，向需要操作的机组号叠梁门行走，门机大车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机大车机构行走安全；
4、门机大车机构停车，当系统识别出机组定位信号后，门机停车，停车信号发出后，后台操作人员需要对门机位置进行再次确认；
5、门机小车机构启动行走，待门机大车机构“停车位”确认后，根据后台发出的“操作叠梁门层数n” 信号，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向需要操作的叠梁门工作门槽L1行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；
6、门机小车机构停车：系统判定或人工判定；
a.系统判定，门机小车机构由停车位L行走至叠梁门工作门槽停车位L1位置后停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
7、液压抓梁下降，在收到后台发出的“落抓梁”信号后，液压抓梁开始下降，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
8、抓梁定位停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，当锁定梁处于锁定位时，采用系统图像对比，叠梁门就位信号动作，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当前高度为叠梁门锁定位▽H7，即▽H6+h，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对抓梁停车位确认后，停车；
9、抓梁穿销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁穿销”信号后，抓梁穿销启泵，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
10、穿销到位停泵，系统检测到穿销到位，停泵，停泵信号发出后，后台操作人员需要对抓梁穿销到位进行再次确认；
11、抓梁提门退锁定，在收到后台发出的“提升叠梁门”信号后，抓梁开始提升叠梁门，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
在该提升过程中，摇摆式锁定梁在配重条件下跟随叠梁门向上转动，当叠梁门提升至锁定梁停止退出位高度，即▽H8时，停车，锁定梁脱离叠梁门支撑孔的约束，并在锁定梁本体配重驱动下，继续摇摆转动至垂直位置，实现摇摆锁定梁的自动退出功能；在此高度位置时，安装在叠梁门的驱动装置还处于接触臂的下方，所以不会影响后续叠梁门的闭门动作。
12、抓梁停车，系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，当锁定梁处于解锁位时，采用系统图像对比，同时，当前高度为锁定梁停止退出位高度，即▽H8时时，停车；
b.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对锁定梁位置或叠梁门位置确认后，停车；
13、抓梁下降闭门，在收到后台发出的“下降闭门”信号后，抓梁开始下降闭门，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
14、门停，系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，当锁定梁处于解锁位时，采用系统图像对比，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当工作门槽内叠梁门层数n＝1时,高度为▽H1时,停车；当n＝2时，高度为▽H2，停车；当n＝3时，高度为▽H3，停车；当n＝4时，高度为▽H4，停车；
b.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对叠梁门停车位确认后，停车；
15、抓梁退销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁退销”信号后，抓梁开始启泵退销，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
16、退销到位停泵，系统检测到退销到位，停泵；人工判定：抓梁退销到位确认；
17、抓梁提升，在收到后台发出的“抓梁提升”信号后，抓梁开始提升，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
18、抓梁停车，系统判定，抓梁提升高度到位，停车，人工判定，抓梁提升到位确认；
a.系统判定：当操作剩余次数n0，即需要操作的层数n-已经操作的层数n1＝0时，系统判定本次闭门操作完成，液压抓梁提升至上限位高程▽H12时，停车；
b.当操作剩余次数n0≥1时，系统判定本次闭门操作未完成，液压抓梁提升至暂停位高程▽H10，停车；
c.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对液压抓梁停车位确认后，停车；
19、门机小车启动行走，待抓梁停车完成后，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向系统判定的方向行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；
a.系统判定，当操作剩余次数n0＝0时，系统判定本次闭门操作完成，驱动小车机构向停车位L0位置行走；
b.当操作剩余次数n0≥1时，系统判定本次闭门操作未完成，驱动小车机构向储门槽停车位L2、L3、L4位置依次行走；
c.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
20、门机小车机构停车，
d.系统判定，当操作剩余次数n0＝0时，系统判定本次闭门操作完成，小车机构行走至停车位L0时，停车，并触发“门机返回基站”信号；
e.当操作剩余次数n0≥1时，系统判定本次闭门操作未完成，小车机构将行走至对应的储门槽停车位L2、L3、L4时，停车，然后跳转至步骤23；
f.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
21、门机大车机构启动行走，在收到后台发出的“门机返回基站”信号后，门机大车行走机构电机启动，并向门机停车基站行走，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
22、门机停车，当系统识别出基站定位信号后，门机停车，后台操作人员需要对门机位置的再次确认；
23、液压抓梁下降，打开储门槽盖板：在收到后台发出的“落抓梁”信号后，液压抓梁开始下降，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；液压抓梁的两个定位套筒同时触发盖板开门机构，在液压抓梁的自重状态下，打开储门槽盖板；
24、抓梁定位停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，叠梁门就位信号动作，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当前高度为坝顶高程▽H6-盖板操作杆的长度L时，即叠梁门储存位，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对抓梁停车位确认后，停车；
25、抓梁穿销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁穿销”信号后，抓梁穿销启泵，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
26、穿销到位停泵，系统检测到穿销到位，停泵，停泵信号发出后，后台操作人员需要对抓梁穿销到位进行再次确认；
27、抓梁提升叠梁门，在收到后台发出的“提升叠梁门”信号后，抓梁开始提升叠梁门，也可自动延时 执行该步骤运行；
28、抓梁停车，系统判定或人工判定
c.系统判定，显示重量≈液压抓梁重量+一层叠梁门总重量±K，K根据现场调试数据设定，当前高度为▽H11，即叠梁门提升高程时，停车；
d.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对叠梁门位置确认后，停车；
29、门机小车机构启动行走：待抓梁停车后，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向叠梁门工作门槽L1行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；；
30、门机小车机构停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，门机小车机构直接行走至叠梁门工作门槽L1位置时，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
31、抓梁下落闭门，然后依次执行步骤13-步骤22。
具体地，水电站分层取水叠梁门的启门流程：
1、用户登录，输入身份验证信息，在验证通过后，才能进入操作系统；
2、确认操作信息，通过触摸屏选择需要操作叠梁门的机组号*F，选择需要操作的叠梁门层数n，并确认操作；
3、门机大车机构启动行走，在收到后台发出的“操作机组号”确认信号后，门机大车行走机构电机启动，向需要操作的机组号叠梁门行走，门机大车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机大车机构行走安全；
4、门机大车机构停车，当系统识别出机组定位信号后，门机停车，停车信号发出后，后台操作人员需要对门机位置进行再次确认；
5、门机小车机构启动行走，待门机大车机构“停车位”确认后，根据后台发出的“操作叠梁门层数n”信号，门机小车行走机构电机启动，从停车位L向需要操作的叠梁门工作门槽L1行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；
6、门机小车机构停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，门机小车机构由停车位L行走至叠梁门工作门槽L1孔口部位，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
7、液压抓梁下降，在收到后台发出的“落抓梁”信号后，液压抓梁开始下降，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
8、抓梁定位停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，当锁定梁处于解锁位时，采用系统图像对比，叠梁门就位信号动作，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当工作门槽内叠梁门层数n＝1时,高度为▽H1时,停车；当n＝2时，高度为▽H2，停车；当n＝3时，高度为▽H3，停车；当n＝4时，高度为▽H4，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对抓梁停车位确认后，停车；
9、抓梁穿销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁穿销”信号后，抓梁穿销启泵，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
10、穿销到位停泵，系统检测到穿销到位，停泵，停泵信号发出后，后台操作人员需要对抓梁穿销到位进行再次确认；
11、抓梁提升启门，在收到后台发出的“提升叠梁门”信号后，抓梁开始提升叠梁门，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
在该提升过程中，摇摆式锁定梁的接触臂能避让叠梁门上行运动，当叠梁门提升至锁定梁开始投入位高程，即▽H9时，停车，在此高度位置，安装在叠梁门的驱动装置处于接触臂的上方，为后续叠梁门下行触发接触臂提前做好准备。
12、抓梁停车，系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定：当锁定梁处于解锁位时，采用系统图像对比，操作剩余次数n0，即需要操作的层数n-已经操作的层数n1＝0时，系统判定本次启门操作完成，液压抓梁提升至开始投入位高程▽H9时，停车；
b.当操作剩余次数n0≥1时，系统判定本次启门操作未完成，液压抓梁提升至叠梁门提升高程▽H11，停车；然后跳转至步骤23；
c.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对锁定梁位置或叠梁门位置确认后，停车；
13、抓梁落门投锁定，在收到后台发出的“下降停门”信号后，抓梁开始下降落门，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
在该下降过程中，锁定梁自动投退装置将根据现场实际情况，自动将叠梁门锁定梁进行投入操作，当锁定梁进入叠梁门的支撑孔内时，叠梁门上的驱动装置与锁定梁的接触臂刚好滚压分离，后续锁定梁可在叠梁门本体重力下驱动下转动至水平位置，实现对叠梁门的有效支撑。
14、门停，系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，当锁定梁处于锁定位时，采用系统图像对比，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当前高度为▽H7，即叠梁门锁定位，停车；
b.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对叠梁门停车位确认后，停车；
15、抓梁退销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁退销”信号后，抓梁开始启泵退销，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
16、退销到位停泵，系统检测到退销到位，停泵；人工判定：抓梁退销到位确认；
17、抓梁提升，在收到后台发出的“抓梁提升”信号后，抓梁开始提升，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
18、抓梁停车，系统判定，抓梁提升至上限高程▽H12高度时，停车，人工判定，抓梁提升到位确认；
19、门机小车启动行走，待抓梁停车完成后，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向系统判定的方向L行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；
20、门机小车机构停车，系统判定或人工判定；
a.系统判定，小车机构行走至停车位L时，停车，并触发“门机返回基站”信号；
b.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
21、门机启动行走，在收到后台发出的“门机返回基站”信号后，门机大车行走机构电机启动，并向门机停车基站行走，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
22、门机停车，当系统识别出基站定位信号后，门机停车，后台操作人员需要对门机位置的再次确认；
23、门机小车机构启动行走，待抓梁停车完成后，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向系统判定的方向行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；
a.系统判定：当操作剩余次数n0＝3时，系统判定本次启门操作未完成，驱动小车机构向储门槽停车位L4位置行走；
b.当操作剩余次数n0＝2时，系统判定本次启门操作未完成，驱动小车机构向储门槽停车位L3位置行走；
c.当操作剩余次数n0＝1时，系统判定本次启门操作未完成，驱动小车机构向储门槽停车位L2位置行走；
d.人工判定，后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
24、门机小车机构停车：系统判定或人工判定
a.系统判定，门机小车机构由叠梁门工作门槽停车位L1行走至对应的储门槽停车位时，停车；
b.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
25、抓梁下降储门关闭储门槽盖板：待小车停稳后，液压抓梁开始下降储门，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；叠梁门本体两侧安装的驱动轮在下行运动过程中会向下滚压关闭盖板辅助装置的升降拉杆的接触臂，在接触的开始阶段，接触臂会以行走支撑轴为中心向下旋转，从而将解锁杆向上抬升至将锁定装置锁定状态解除，然后继续下行带动拉杆将盖板关闭到盖板自动能进行全关的开度时，接触臂与驱动轮有效分离，从而切断了外部动力源，确保关闭辅助装置使用安全；同时在该盖板开度位置时两侧盖板边缘的辅助轮与液压抓梁两侧面搭边接触滚动运行，确保液压抓梁无阻碍上行，待液压抓梁与盖板分离时，盖板在自重状态下进行全关操作，实现盖板自动关闭功能。
26、抓梁停车：系统判定或人工判定
c.系统判定，显示重量≤抓梁重量，当前高度为坝顶高程▽H6-盖板操作杆的长度L时即，叠梁门储存位，停车；
d.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对抓梁停车位确认后，停车；
27、抓梁退销启泵，在收到后台发出的“抓梁退销”信号后，抓梁开始启泵退销，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
28、退销到位停泵，系统检测到退销到位，停泵；人工判定：抓梁退销到位确认；
29、抓梁提升，在收到后台发出的“抓梁提升”信号后，抓梁开始提升，也可自动延时执行该步骤运行；
30、抓梁停车，系统判定，抓梁提升至暂停位高程▽H10高度时，停车，人工判定，抓梁提升到位确认；
31、门机小车机构启动行走：待抓梁停车后，门机小车行走机构电机启动，向叠梁门工作门槽L1行走，门机小车机构行走过程，后方操作人员可监视门机行走，确保门机小车机构行走安全；；
32、门机小车机构停车：系统判定或人工判定
c.系统判定，门机小车机构直接行走至叠梁门工作门槽L1位置时，停车；
d.人工判定：后台操作监视人员对门机小车机构停车位确认后，停车；
33、抓梁下落闭门，然后依次执行步骤8-步骤22。
优选的方案中，在S6中，自动关盖包括如下步骤，
S6-1，起吊转移，通过起重设备提升液压抓梁，液压抓梁通过液压穿销装置连接闸门上侧的穿销孔，随后，起重设备将闸门提升并转移至储门槽孔口上部；
S6-2，下降解锁，起重设备驱动液压抓梁下降，叠梁门随压液抓梁下降的同时进入储门槽孔，接触滚107逐渐与摇摆臂202滚动接触，驱动解锁杆向上运动，解锁杆前端的斜面块与锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，使锁销退出滑动杆上的锁定孔；
S6-3，初步关闭，叠梁门继续向下降落，进一步推动摇摆臂202，使钩板上的滚轴逐渐靠近滑轨并与滑轨滚动接触，驱动解锁杆拉动滑动杆向下运动，滑动杆向下运动的过程中逐渐带动活塞杆折叠并拉动盖板101逐渐关闭，使两个盖板101形成一定的开度；此步骤中，盖板101在逐渐关闭翻转的过程中，折合臂和配重臂分别绕铰接座转动；
S6-4，释放闸门，当叠梁门底部与储门槽底部接触后，液压抓梁的穿销装置退出闸门上侧的穿销孔，起重设备提升液压抓梁逐渐上升；
S6-5，完全关闭，当液压抓梁完全退出两个盖板101上部后，盖板101依靠自身的重力及配重臂103和折合臂104的自重完全关闭；此时，滑动杆下端端头与滑轨下端的端板抵触限位，爪型机构102的活塞杆收缩，支撑盖板101的两端。
优选的方案中，摇摆锁定机构的投入包括如下步骤，
液压抓梁控制叠梁门向下运动，在叠梁门落入叠梁门门槽的过程中，接触滚107逐渐与摇摆臂202上侧面滚动接触，驱动摇摆臂202带动转轴转动，转轴带动锁定梁203向叠梁门的支撑孔内侧偏转，使锁定梁203上端的端头进入叠梁门的支撑孔内，由受力块204限制锁定梁203向下运动，阻挡叠梁门下行，使叠梁门处于锁定位；此时，接触滚107位于摇摆臂202下部。
优选的方案中，摇摆锁定机构的退出包括如下步骤，
液压抓梁控制叠梁门向上运动，锁定梁203在重锤205作用下发生偏转并逐渐退出叠梁门的支撑孔呈竖直状态；
若叠梁门向上运动的过程中，锁定梁203已退出叠梁门的支撑孔，且接触滚107仍位于摇摆臂202下部时，叠梁门处于无约束状态，继续释放叠梁门向下运动，由液压抓梁控制叠梁门下落的高度。
上述的实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本发明的限制，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下，可以相互任意组合。本发明的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：它包括如下步骤：
    S1，建立网络，在现地设备安装物联网智能终端，5G基站和云平台，实现后台与现地设备的人机交流，确保启闭门运行安全；
    S2，门机定位，在门机大车机构和小车机构上加装定位识别元件，并对叠梁门工作门槽及储门槽孔口进行物理标识，确保门机精准行走至指定门槽孔口位置，然后停车控制液压抓梁对叠梁门进行启闭操作；
    S3，抓梁定位，通过门机上的高度编码器，对液压抓梁进行高度定位，并与系统预设参数值进行比对，确保液压抓梁高度受控，当液压抓梁接近叠梁门时，通过定位导向套，将液压抓梁引导进入叠梁门吊耳中，使液压抓梁的穿销系统销轴能安全的穿越叠梁门吊耳中，确保液压抓梁有效连接叠梁门；
    S4，自动开盖，通过液压抓梁上的两个定位筒，驱动储门槽孔口防护装置上的盖板打开；
    S5，分层调度，通过起重设备将叠梁门转移至叠梁门孔口上方，释放叠梁门，在储门槽上行和下行运动过程中摇摆锁定机构自动投退，使叠梁门闭门或开门，对水电站分层取水；
    S6，自动关盖，通过起重设备控制叠梁门起吊至储门槽上方，释放叠梁门进入储门槽内的过程中，自动关闭防护装置上的盖板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：所述防护装置包括两个盖板(101)两端连接的爪型机构(102)，多个配重臂(103)和折合臂(104)与盖板(101)一侧连接，解锁机构(105)与爪型机构(102)连接并与锁定机构(106)配合，接触滚(107)与叠梁门侧面的筋板连接固定，盖板(101)与储门槽孔口边沿铰接，锁定机构(106)位于储门槽一侧与爪型机构(102)配合锁定；解锁机构(105)对锁定机构(106)进行解锁，并拉动爪型机构(102)向上运动关闭盖板(101)；或者在盖板(101)关闭后，施加折合臂(104)向下的压力，并在配重臂(103)和折合臂(104)的配合下打开盖板(101)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：所述盖板(101)为网格结构的平板，位于两个盖板(101)的开闭口设置圆形通孔与折合臂(104)上的凸块配合；爪型机构(102)包括滑动杆上端两侧铰接的活塞杆，活塞杆的另一端与盖板(101)活动连接，滑动杆与滑轨滑动配合，滑轨固定于储门槽内壁；锁定机构(106)包括套管内弹性滑动配合的锁销，锁销伸出套管外与滑动杆上的锁定孔配合，锁销前端设置斜面与解锁机构(105)配合；解锁机构(105)包括解锁杆下端连接的钩板，以及穿过钩板的滚轴，解锁杆上端连接的斜面块位于滑动杆侧面的支板上部，斜面块与锁销前端的斜面滑动接触，支板下部的弹簧套设在解锁杆上与支板和解锁杆上的挡圈抵触，钩板与滑动杆下端销轴连接，滚轴与滑轨滚动接触。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：所述配重臂(103)的端头和折合臂(104)的端头皆连接有齿轮，该齿轮与槽板端头的齿轮相互啮合且位于盖板(101)的铰接座内，槽板与盖板(101)连接固定；配重臂(103)远离齿轮的一端设置配重块，折合臂(104)的中部设置弯折结构，折合臂(104)一端的上侧面设置凸块，当两个盖板(101)上的两个相互对称的折合臂(104)处于水平状态时，两个凸块位于水平状态的盖板(101)上的圆形通孔内。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：所述摇摆锁定机构包括固定座的支撑臂(201)上端配合的转轴，摇摆臂(202)与转轴两端的轴头连接向一侧倾斜，锁定梁 (203)位于两个支撑臂(201)之间与转轴连接，受力块(204)位于支撑臂(201)一侧的摇摆臂(202)下部；锁定梁(203)为中空的结构，位于其下端的隔腔内设置重锤(205)；摇摆锁定机构的固定座安装于叠梁门孔口的侧面，摇摆臂(202)和受力块(204)靠近叠梁门孔口。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：在S4中，自动开盖包括如下步骤，
    S4-1，启动，起重设备控制液压抓梁运行至储门槽孔口上部，液压抓梁上的定位筒向下运动；
    S4-2，顶动，定位筒向下运动与两个盖板(101)上的圆形通孔内的凸块抵触，驱动折合臂(104)绕铰接座向下转动；
    S4-3，开盖，折合臂(104)向下转动的过程中带动盖板(101)向上翻转，同时配重臂(103)也向下翻转，且在配重臂(103)和折合臂(104)的自重作用下，驱动两个盖板(101)之间形成一定的开度；此步骤中，活塞杆同步伸展；
    S4-4，解锁，起重设备控制液压抓梁上升并运行至叠梁门上部，利用液压抓梁上的穿销装置与叠梁门连接，起重设备控制液压抓梁带动叠梁门运行至两个盖板(101)之间，从两个盖板(101)之间的开口处下落，叠梁门在下落的过程中，其侧面的接触滚(107)逐渐与解锁机构(105)的钩板接触，驱动解锁杆上端的斜面块与锁定机构(106)的锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，逐渐使锁销退出滑动杆侧面的锁定孔；
    S4-5，形成防护，在滑动杆解除约束的情况下，配重臂(103)和折合臂(104)在自重作用下进一步向下转动，驱动盖板(101)完全打开，并与伸展后的活塞杆共同组成防护，围合在储门槽孔口周围。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：在S5中，分层调度取水中的闭门和启门包括，对门机大、小车行走机构精准定位，完成液压抓梁对叠梁门的精准定位及自动穿推销到位、摇摆式锁定梁装置按需自动投退、系统对叠梁分层计数识别，实现控制系统对门机及叠梁门的自动识别和判定，实现分层取水生态调度自动化运行。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：在S6中，自动关盖包括如下步骤，
    S6-1，起吊转移，通过起重设备提升液压抓梁，液压抓梁通过液压穿销装置连接闸门上侧的穿销孔，随后，起重设备将闸门提升并转移至储门槽孔口上部；
    S6-2，下降解锁，起重设备驱动液压抓梁下降，叠梁门随压液抓梁下降的同时进入储门槽孔，接触滚(107)逐渐与摇摆臂(202)滚动接触，驱动解锁杆向上运动，解锁杆前端的斜面块与锁销端头的斜面滑动接触，使锁销退出滑动杆上的锁定孔；
    S6-3，初步关闭，叠梁门继续向下降落，进一步推动摇摆臂(202)，使钩板上的滚轴逐渐靠近滑轨并与滑轨滚动接触，驱动解锁杆拉动滑动杆向下运动，滑动杆向下运动的过程中逐渐带动活塞杆折叠并拉动盖板(101)逐渐关闭，使两个盖板(101)形成一定的开度；此步骤中，盖板(101)在逐渐关闭翻转的过程中，折合臂和配重臂分别绕铰接座转动；
    S6-4，释放闸门，当叠梁门底部与储门槽底部接触后，液压抓梁的穿销装置退出闸门上侧的穿销孔，起重设备提升液压抓梁逐渐上升；
    S6-5，完全关闭，当液压抓梁完全退出两个盖板(101)上部后，盖板(101)依靠自身的重力及配重臂 (103)和折合臂(104)的自重完全关闭；此时，滑动杆下端端头与滑轨下端的端板抵触限位，爪型机构(102)的活塞杆收缩，支撑盖板(101)的两端。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：摇摆锁定机构的投入包括如下步骤，
    液压抓梁控制叠梁门向下运动，在叠梁门落入叠梁门门槽的过程中，接触滚(107)逐渐与摇摆臂(202)上侧面滚动接触，驱动摇摆臂(202)带动转轴转动，转轴带动锁定梁(203)向叠梁门的支撑孔内侧偏转，使锁定梁(203)上端的端头进入叠梁门的支撑孔内，由受力块(204)限制锁定梁(203)向下运动，阻挡叠梁门下行，使叠梁门处于锁定位；此时，接触滚(107)位于摇摆臂(202)下部。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法，其特征是：摇摆锁定机构的退出包括如下步骤，
    液压抓梁控制叠梁门向上运动，锁定梁(203)在重锤(205)作用下发生偏转并逐渐退出叠梁门的支撑孔呈竖直状态；
    若叠梁门向上运动的过程中，锁定梁(203)已退出叠梁门的支撑孔，且接触滚(107)仍位于摇摆臂(202)下部时，叠梁门处于无约束状态，继续释放叠梁门向下运动，由液压抓梁控制叠梁门下落的高度。
PCT/CN2023/091633 2022-08-15 2023-04-28 水电站分层取水生态调度叠梁门提落的方法 WO2024037045A1 (zh)

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