WO2024017217A1 - 闭合机构及吻合器 - Google Patents

闭合机构及吻合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024017217A1
WO2024017217A1 PCT/CN2023/107782 CN2023107782W WO2024017217A1 WO 2024017217 A1 WO2024017217 A1 WO 2024017217A1 CN 2023107782 W CN2023107782 W CN 2023107782W WO 2024017217 A1 WO2024017217 A1 WO 2024017217A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moving part
moving
closing mechanism
stapler
trigger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/107782
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁水澄
Original Assignee
天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202221849378.5U external-priority patent/CN217827969U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210840840.3A external-priority patent/CN117442274A/zh
Application filed by 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024017217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024017217A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular, to a closing mechanism suitable for a stapler and a stapler having the closing mechanism.
  • the stapler is a device used clinically to replace traditional manual suturing. Compared with traditional manual suturing, staplers can increase the speed of tissue suturing and reduce trauma to patients.
  • a stapler includes a tool assembly including a pair of clamps. During the surgery, the doctor needs to operate the stapler to cause a pair of clamps to close to hold the tissue between the pair of clamps. This operation process is more laborious.
  • the present disclosure provides a relatively labor-saving closing mechanism and a stapler having the closing mechanism.
  • the present disclosure provides a closure mechanism suitable for use with a stapler.
  • the closing mechanism includes: a first moving part, a first end of which is pivotably supported around a first axis; a second moving part, a first end of which is pivotally connected to the second end of the first moving part; a third moving part , its first end is pivotally connected to the second end of the second moving part, and its second end is pivotably supported around the second axis; and the linkage part is slidable in the axial direction and abuts against the third moving part, As the first moving part rotates from the first position to the second position along the first axis along the first direction, the third moving part rotates around the second axis from the third position to the fourth position along the first direction and pushes the linkage member along the The axial movement is proximal, causing the tool assembly of the stapler to switch from open to closed.
  • the closing mechanism when the first moving part is in the second position, it is substantially collinear with the second moving part, wherein the closing mechanism further includes a force applying part, and the force applying part exerts on the third moving part causing the third moving part to The force used by a moving part to return from the fourth position to the third position.
  • the closing mechanism further includes a force applying member, and the force applying member A force is applied to the third moving part to cause the third moving part to return to the third position from the fourth position.
  • the force applying member applies force to the linkage member distally along the axial direction.
  • the force-applying member is an elastic member located on the distal side of the linkage member and pressing the linkage member.
  • one of the first moving part and the second moving part is provided with a rotation stop part, wherein after the first moving part rotates to the second position, the rotation stop part abuts the first moving part and the second moving part.
  • the other of the second moving parts restricts the first moving part from continuing to rotate in the first direction.
  • one of the second moving part and the third moving part is provided with a rotation stop part, wherein after the first moving part rotates to the second position, the rotation stop part abuts against the second moving part and the third moving part.
  • the other of the third moving parts restricts the first moving part from continuing to rotate in the first direction.
  • the closing mechanism further includes an operating member, which is operated to cause the first moving member to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction to leave the second position.
  • the stapler further includes an actuating member that can move axially distally to cause the tool assembly to fire, and one of the first moving member and the second moving member is provided with an extension.
  • the extension part when the first moving part is in the second position, the extension part is at least partially located on the path of the actuating part moving proximally along the axial direction; as the actuating part moves proximally along the axial direction, the actuating part pushes to extend part, thereby causing the first moving member to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction to leave the second position.
  • the third moving part when the third moving part is located at the third position, its first end is located distal to its second end; when the third moving part is located at the fourth position, its first end is located at its second end. near side of the end.
  • the closing mechanism further includes a trigger, and the trigger can be rotated under operation to cause the first moving part to rotate from the first position to the second position.
  • the stapler includes a housing defining a guide rail
  • the closing mechanism further includes a driving member, wherein a first end of the driving member is pivotally connected to the trigger and a second end of the driving member is configured to be guided by the guide rail, so that along with The trigger rotates in the first direction, and the second end of the driving member pushes the first moving member to rotate the first moving member from the first position to the second position.
  • the stapler includes a housing defining a guide rail
  • the closing mechanism further includes a driving member, wherein a first end of the driving member is configured to be guided by the guide rail and a second end is pivotally connected to the first moving member, so that along with The trigger rotates in the first direction, and the trigger pushes the first end of the driving member so that the driving member drives the first moving member to rotate from the first position to the second position.
  • the present disclosure also provides a stapler, which includes the closing mechanism provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also provides a tissue suturing method, which method includes: providing the stapler provided in the above aspect of the disclosure; and using the stapler to perform tissue suturing.
  • the closing mechanism can convert the rotation of the first moving part into the distal sliding of the linkage part in the axial direction, thereby causing the tool assembly to switch from opening to closing.
  • the stapler using this closing mechanism has a relatively simple structure and relatively high reliability.
  • the third moving part can function as a lever.
  • the first end of the third moving part can be regarded as the power point
  • the second end of the third moving part can be regarded as the fulcrum
  • the position of the third moving part in contact with the linkage element can be regarded as the resistance point.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stapler according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C are structural schematic diagrams showing the internal structure of the stapler according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, in which the stapler is in different states in FIGS. 2A to 2C .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram showing the first moving part and the second moving part according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • 4A and 4B are structural schematic diagrams illustrating a process of causing the first moving part to leave the second position according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is an exploded schematic view of a part of the stapler according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic structural diagrams of a tool assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, in which the tool assembly is in different states in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7C are structural schematic diagrams illustrating a process of causing the first moving part to leave the fourth position according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure provides a stapler 10 .
  • the stapler 10 may be an endoscopic stapler.
  • the stapler 10 may be an endoscopic linear cutting stapler. It is understood that in other embodiments, the stapler according to the present disclosure may also be of other types.
  • stapler 10 includes tool assembly 11 and platform assembly 12 .
  • platform assembly 12 may include elongated body 13 .
  • the elongated body 13 may be tubular.
  • the elongated body 13 may extend distally from the body portion of the platform assembly 12 .
  • Tool assembly 11 may be attached to the distal end of elongate body 13 .
  • distal may refer to an end of the stapler that is far away from the doctor (or surgical robot).
  • proximal may refer to the end of the stapler that is close to the surgeon (or surgical robot).
  • Tool assembly 11 includes a pair of clamps 111,112.
  • the tool assembly 11 can be switched between open and closed.
  • a pair of clamps 111, 112 can clamp tissue therebetween.
  • a pair of jaws 111, 112 separate from each other to release tissue.
  • tool assembly 11 is in an open position.
  • clamp 111 may include an anvil and clamp 112 may include a staple cartridge for storing staples.
  • the tool assembly 11 can be caused to fire.
  • the staples are ejected from the staple cartridge to achieve tissue suturing.
  • the tool assembly 11 may also include a cutter. When the tool assembly 11 is fired, the cutter extends and the staples are ejected, thereby simultaneously cutting and suturing the tissue.
  • platform assembly 12 includes a closing mechanism.
  • the closing mechanism includes a first moving part 14 , a second moving part 15 , a third moving part 16 and a linkage part 17 .
  • the first end of the first moving part 14 is pivotably supported around the first axis a1, and the second end of the first moving part 14 is pivotally connected to the first end of the second moving part 15.
  • the second end of the second moving part 15 is pivotally connected to the first end of the third moving part 16 .
  • the second section of the third moving part 16 is pivotably supported about the second axis a2.
  • the linkage member 17 is slidable in the axial direction and abuts against the third moving member 16 .
  • the first axis a1 may be parallel to the second axis a2.
  • the axial direction may refer to the length direction of the stapler 10 , or the axial direction may refer to the extension direction of the elongated body 13 .
  • the linkage member 17 is slidably sleeved on the elongated body 13 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.
  • the third moving part 16 rotates along the first direction around the second axis a2 Rotate from the third position in Figure 2A to the fourth position in Figures 2B and 2C.
  • the third moving member 16 pushes the linkage member 17 to move proximally along the axial direction from the initial position in Figure 2A to the end position in Figures 2B and 2C, thereby causing the tool assembly 11 to switch from opening to closure.
  • the first direction may be a clockwise direction when viewed from the view direction of FIGS. 2A to 2C .
  • the closing mechanism can convert the rotation of the first moving part into the axial distal sliding of the linkage part, thereby causing the tool assembly to switch from opening to closing.
  • the stapler using this closing mechanism has a relatively simple structure and relatively high reliability.
  • the third moving part can function as a lever.
  • the first end of the third moving element can be regarded as the power point
  • the second end of the third moving element can be regarded as the fulcrum
  • the position of the third moving element in contact with the linkage element can be regarded as the resistance point.
  • the closing mechanism also includes a force applying member 18 .
  • the force applying member 18 is used to apply a force on the third moving member 16 to cause the third moving member 16 to return to the third position from the fourth position.
  • the force applying member 18 may force the linkage member 17 axially distally.
  • the linkage member 17 moves distally in the axial direction under the action of the force applying member 18, the linkage member 17 pushes the third moving member 16, thereby causing the third moving member 16 to move along the second axis a2 in the direction opposite to the first direction.
  • the second direction returns from the third position.
  • the force applying member 18 may be an elastic member 18 , which may be located on the linkage member 17 the proximal side and presses the linkage member 17, thereby exerting force on the linkage member 17 in the axial direction distally.
  • the elastic member 18 can be a compression spring, which can be sleeved on the elongated body 13 .
  • the force-applying member may also be implemented as a torsion spring.
  • connection line is substantially co-linear with the connection line from the first end to the second end of the second moving member 15 .
  • the first moving part when the first moving part is located at the second position, it is substantially collinear with the second moving part, so that the third moving part will not return to the third position from the fourth position under the action of the force applying part. Location. In this way, when the third movement moves from the third position to the fourth position, the third moving part will be maintained at the fourth position, so that the linkage part will be maintained at the end position, and the tool assembly will be maintained in the closed state.
  • the first moving part when the first moving part is located at the second position, the first moving part is located at a position reached by passing a collinear position with the second moving part. . That is to say, as the first moving part moves from the first position to the second position, the first moving part passes through a position that is collinear with the second moving part.
  • This implementation method can also achieve the purpose of the aforementioned implementation method.
  • the force exerted by the force applying part causes the third moving part to have a tendency to rotate in the second direction. Since the first movement is at a position reached by passing through a collinear position with the second moving part, the above-mentioned movement tendency of the third moving part will cause the first moving part to have a movement tendency to continue to rotate in the first direction. In this way, the first moving part will not return to the first position along the second direction from the second position under the action of the force-applying part, so that the tool assembly can be kept in a closed state.
  • the first end of the second moving part 15 may be provided with a rotation stop 151 .
  • the anti-rotation part 151 abuts the first moving part 14 , thereby restricting the first moving part 14 from continuing to rotate in the first direction after reaching the second position. In this way, the first movement 14 can be stopped in the second position.
  • the second end of the first moving member may also be provided with a rotation stop portion.
  • the anti-rotation part resists the second movement piece, thereby stopping the first movement at the second position.
  • the second end of the second moving part may also be provided with a rotation stop portion.
  • the anti-rotation part abuts against the third moving part, thereby stopping the first movement at the second position.
  • the first end of the third moving element may also be provided with a rotation stop portion.
  • the anti-rotation part abuts against the second moving part, thereby stopping the first movement at the second position.
  • the first moving part can be stopped at the second position in other ways.
  • a member may be used to block the first moving part to stop the first moving part in the second position.
  • the platform assembly 12 may also include an operating member 19 .
  • the operating member 19 is used to drive the first moving member 14 to rotate in the second direction to leave the second position under operation, that is, to drive the first moving member 14 from the position collinear with the second moving member 16 in FIG. 4A along the second position.
  • the direction is rotated to the position in FIG. 4B where it is no longer collinear with the second moving part 15 .
  • the operating member 19 may be implemented as a cam 19 .
  • the cam 19 rotates, thereby pushing the first moving part 14 so that the first moving part 14 rotates along the second direction to leave the second position.
  • the operating part can cause the first moving part to rotate in the second direction under operation. to the position where it is collinear with the second moving part, thereby causing the first moving part to leave the second position.
  • One advantage of this implementation is that when the rotation angle of the third moving part from the third position to the fourth position is constant, the displacement component of the part of the third moving part that is in contact with the linkage part in the axial direction relatively bigger. In this way, the third moving part only needs to rotate a small angle to cause the linkage part to travel a long distance proximally along the axial direction. This implementation method is beneficial to the miniaturization of the stapler.
  • the platform assembly 12 may also include a trigger 20 .
  • the trigger 20 is pivotably supported about a third axis a3.
  • the first moving part 14 can be driven by the trigger 20 .
  • Platform assembly 12 may include housing 21 , which may define handle 211 .
  • housing 21 When the trigger 20 is operated, the trigger 20 moves toward the handle 211 from the initial position to the end position.
  • the trigger 21 is released, the trigger 21 moves away from the handle 211 and returns to the initial position from the end position.
  • the trigger 20 can drive the first moving part 14 so that the first moving part 14 moves from the first position in FIG. 2A to the second position in FIG. 2B .
  • the first moving part can be caused to move from the first position to the second position, thereby causing the tool assembly to switch from open to closed.
  • the platform assembly 12 may also include a force applying member 22 .
  • the force applying member 22 applies a force to the trigger 20 to return the trigger 20 to the initial position from the end position. In this way, when the trigger 20 is released, the trigger 20 can return to the initial position under the action of the force applying member 22 .
  • the force applying member 22 is a tension spring, and a boss 212 is provided on the inside of the housing 21 . One end of the force applying member 22 is attached to the boss 212 , and the other end is attached to the trigger 20 . It can be understood that the implementation of the force applying member 22 is not limited to this.
  • the force applying member 22 may also be a torsion spring.
  • the trigger When operated, the trigger may directly drive the first moving part, or may indirectly drive the first moving part via other intermediate components. This disclosure does not specifically limit this.
  • the closing mechanism may further include a driving member 23
  • the platform assembly 12 may further include a guide rail 213 .
  • the guide rail 213 may be formed on the inner surface of the housing 21 .
  • the first end of the driving member 23 is pivotally connected to the trigger 20 , and the second end is guided by the guide rail 213 .
  • the second end of the driving member 23 abuts the first moving member 14 and pushes the first moving member 14 , causing the first moving member 14 to move from the first position to the second position.
  • the trigger 20 when the trigger 20 is released, the trigger 20 returns to the initial position from the end position along the second direction around the third axis a3 under the action of the force-applying member 22 , and the driving member 23 moves along the trigger 20 . It is driven to separate from the first moving part 14, and the first moving part 14 is maintained in the fourth position.
  • the first moving part can be driven to move from the first position to the second position by operating the trigger.
  • the first moving part will not return to the first position as the trigger returns to the initial position, thus achieving decoupling of the trigger and the first moving part. This provides the basis for maintaining the tool assembly in a closed position after the trigger is released.
  • the second end of the driving member may be pivotally connected to the first moving member, and the first end of the driving member may be guided by the guide rail.
  • the trigger moves from the initial position to the end position around the third axis in the first direction, the trigger abuts the first end of the driving member and pushes the first end of the driving member, so that the driving member drives the first moving member from the first position.
  • the trigger returns from the end position to the initial position along the second direction around the third axis under the action of the force-applying member, and the driving member is separated from the trigger. In this way, the above object can also be achieved.
  • the guide rail 213 may be an arc-shaped guide rail.
  • the second end of the driving member 23 is located at the first end of the guide rail 213 .
  • the second end of the driving member 23 is located at the second end of the guide rail 213 .
  • the first moving part 14 rotates along the first direction around the first axis a1 to a position that is collinear with the second moving part 15
  • the second end of the driving part 23 is controlled by the second end of the guide rail 213 and is in contact with the first moving part 14 .
  • the moving parts 14 are separated.
  • the second end of the driving part may always resist the first moving part.
  • the first moving part 14 may be pivotably supported by the housing 21 about the first axis a1.
  • the housing 21 may include a pair of detachably connected shells 214 , 215 , and each of the shells 214 , 215 may also be provided with a hole 216 on the inside thereof.
  • a pair of bosses 141 may be provided on opposite sides of the first end of the first moving part 14 .
  • the pair of bosses 141 are pivotably inserted into the holes 216 of the shells 214 and 215 respectively, so that the first moving part 14 is supported by the shell 21 in a manner that can pivot about the first axis a1.
  • the first axis a1 may be defined by the boss 141 , or the first axis a1 may be the axis of the boss 141 .
  • the method of supporting the first moving part is not limited to the above.
  • the third moving member 16 may be pivotably supported by the housing 21 about the second axis a2.
  • the inner side of each of the shells 214 and 215 may also be provided with a hole 217
  • the opposite sides of the second end of the third moving part 16 may be provided with a pair of bosses 161 .
  • a pair of bosses 161 are pivotably inserted into the holes 217 of the shells 214 and 215 respectively, so that the second end of the third moving part 16 is supported by the shell 21 in a manner that is pivotable about the second axis a2.
  • the second axis a2 may be defined by the boss 161 , or the second axis a2 may be the axis of the boss 161 .
  • the method of supporting the third moving part is not limited to the above.
  • the first moving member 14 may further include a pair of arm portions 142 provided at its second end, and each arm portion 142 is provided with a through hole 143 .
  • the first end of the second moving part 15 is provided with a through hole 152 .
  • the closing mechanism may also include a pin 24 .
  • the first end of the second moving part 15 extends between the pair of arms 142 of the first moving part 14 , and the pin 24 passes through a pair of through holes 143 and 152 , thereby connecting the second end of the first moving part 14 The end is pivotally connected to the first end of the second moving part 15 .
  • the second end of the first moving part may be provided with a rotating shaft part
  • the first end of the second moving part may be provided with a hole adapted to the rotating shaft part
  • the rotating shaft part may be inserted into the rotating shaft part. hole, thereby achieving pivotal connection between the first moving part and the second moving part.
  • the third moving member 16 may further include a pair of arm portions 162 provided at its first end, and each arm portion 162 is provided with a through hole 163 .
  • the second end of the second moving part 15 is provided with a through hole 153 .
  • the closing mechanism may also include a pin 25 .
  • the second end of the second moving part 15 extends between a pair of arms 162 of the third moving part 16 , and the pin 25 passes through a pair of through holes 163 and 153 , thereby connecting the second end of the second moving part 15 The end is pivotally connected to the first end of the third moving member 16 .
  • the second end of the second moving part may be provided with a rotating shaft part
  • the first end of the third moving part may be provided with a hole that matches the rotating shaft part, and the rotating shaft part may be inserted into In this hole, the second moving part and the third moving part can be pivotally connected.
  • the trigger 20 may be pivotably supported on the housing 21 about the third axis a3.
  • the inside of each of the housings 214 , 215 is provided with a hole 218 , and opposite sides of the trigger 20 are provided with a pair of bosses 201 .
  • the trigger 20 is at least partially placed between a pair of shells 214, 215, and a pair of bosses 201 are pivotably inserted into the holes 218 of the shells 214, 215 respectively, thereby enabling the trigger 20 to be supported in a manner capable of pivoting around the third axis a3. on the housing 21.
  • the third axis a3 may be defined by the boss 201 , or in other words, the third axis a3 may be the axis of the boss 201 .
  • the method of supporting the trigger is not limited to the above.
  • the trigger 20 may also be provided with a groove 202 , and a pair of holes 203 are respectively provided in two side walls of the groove 202 .
  • the first end of the driving member 23 is provided with a through hole 231 .
  • the closing mechanism may also include a pin 26 .
  • the first end of the driving member 23 is inserted into the slot 202 , and the pin 26 passes through the through hole 231 and the pair of holes 203 , thereby pivotally connecting the first end of the driving member 23 to the trigger 20 .
  • the second end of the driving member 23 may be provided with a boss 232 , and the boss 232 may be inserted into the guide rail 213 , so that the second end of the driving member 23 is guided by the guide rail 213 .
  • the closing mechanism may also control member 27.
  • the control member 27 may be an elongated pull tab.
  • Control 27 extends between linkage 17 and tool assembly 11 .
  • the proximal end of the control member 27 cooperates with the linkage member 17, and the distal end of the control member 27 cooperates with the tool assembly 11, so that as the linkage member 17 moves proximally along the axial direction, the control member 27 moves proximally along the axial direction, thereby causing The tool assembly 11 switches from open to closed.
  • the proximal end of the control member 27 may be provided with a hole 271
  • the tubular elongated body 13 may be provided with a pair of grooves 131 penetrating its interior and exterior.
  • the closure mechanism may also include a ring 28 and a pin 29 provided with a pair of holes 281 .
  • the control member 27 is inserted into the elongated body 13
  • the ring 28 is sleeved on the elongated body 13
  • the pin is inserted into the hole 271 , a pair of grooves 131 and a pair of holes 281 .
  • the linkage piece 17 is sleeved on the ring 28 , and a shoulder is provided on the inner circumference of the linkage piece 17 , and the shoulder is located on the far side of the ring 28 and abuts against the ring 28 .
  • the linkage 17 moves axially proximally, the linkage 17 pushes the ring 24 so that the control member 27 moves axially proximally, causing the tool assembly 11 to switch from open to closed.
  • control member can follow the linkage member to move axially distally, and the control member can rotate about the axis of the elongated body, which provides a basis for realizing the rotation of the tool assembly about the axis of the elongated body.
  • the platform assembly 12 may also include a cap 30 and a compression spring 31 .
  • cap 30 is provided with a through hole 301, and the pin 29 also passes through the through hole 301 of the cap 30.
  • the compression spring 31 is located on the proximal side of the cap 30 .
  • control part can also cooperate with the linkage part in other ways.
  • the proximal end of the control member may be directly fixedly connected to the linkage member.
  • the linkage piece can drive the control member to move proximally along the axial direction, thereby causing the closing mechanism to switch from open to closed; as the linkage piece moves from the end position to the initial position, the linkage piece The component can drive the control component to move distally along the axial direction, thereby causing the closing mechanism to switch from closing to opening.
  • control part there are many ways for the control part to cooperate with the tool assembly, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.
  • clamps 111 and 112 are pivotally connected by pins 113 .
  • the clamp 111 is provided with a guide groove 114, which is proximal and gradually extends toward the side where the clamp 112 is located.
  • Tool assembly 11 also includes pin 115 attached to the distal end of control 27 .
  • the pin 115 As the control member 27 moves axially in the proximal direction, the pin 115 also moves axially in the proximal direction. During this process, the pin 115 cooperates with the guide groove 114 to drive the clamp 111 to rotate around the pin axis 113 from the position in FIG. 6A to the position in FIG. 6B , thereby causing the tool assembly 11 to gradually close from opening.
  • the pin 115 As the control member 27 moves axially in the distal direction, the pin 115 also moves axially in the distal direction. During this process, the pin 115 cooperates with the guide groove 114, and the clamp 111 is driven to rotate around the pin axis 113 from the position in FIG. 6B to the position in FIG. 6A, thereby causing the tool assembly 11 to gradually open from closing.
  • the stapler provided in Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure is similar in structure to the stapler provided in Embodiment 1.
  • the description will mainly focus on the differences between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1.
  • Elements (members or parts) that are the same or correspond to those in Embodiment 2 as in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same or corresponding reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the stapler provided in Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure further includes an actuator 32 , the actuator 32 is slidably configured in the axial direction, and the actuator 32 can move distally (ie, axially) in the axial direction. 7A to 7C) moves to cause the tool assembly 11 to fire.
  • the linkage 32 is slidably sleeved on the elongated body 13 so as to be able to slide in the axial direction.
  • the platform assembly may include a push piece (or control rod), one end of the push piece cooperates with the actuator, and the other end cooperates with the cutter of the tool assembly, so that the actuator moves distally along the axial direction.
  • the push piece moves distally and drives the cutter to move distally; as the cutter moves distally, the cutter cuts the tissue and pushes the firing block of the tool assembly to move distally, and the firing block can seal the anastomosis during the movement.
  • the staples are pushed out of the staple cartridge to achieve tissue suturing.
  • the push piece can directly push the firing block, so that the firing block moves distally to push the staples out of the staple cartridge.
  • the first moving part 14a includes an extension part 144a. When the first moving member 14a is in the second position, at least part of the extension 144a is located in the path of the axially proximal movement of the actuating member 32.
  • the actuating member 32 may be pulled proximally along the axial direction.
  • the actuating member 32 moves proximally along the axial direction, the actuating member 32 abuts against the extending portion 144 a and pushes the extending portion 144 a , so that the first moving member 14 a rotates to be in contact with the second moving member 32 .
  • the moving parts 15 are no longer in a collinear position, and therefore the first moving part 14a can continue to rotate to the third position under the action of the force applying part 18 .
  • this implementation it is only necessary to pull the actuating member proximally along the axial direction to cause the first moving member to return from the second position to the first position, thereby switching the tool assembly from closed to open.
  • the actuating member can not only play a role in firing the tool assembly, but also can be used to reset the first movement. It can be seen that this implementation method can reduce the number of components, thereby simplifying the structure of the stapler.
  • tissue suturing method can be used to suture human or animal tissue.
  • this method can be used to suture the digestive tract of humans or animals.
  • the method includes: providing the stapler provided in the above embodiments of the present disclosure; and using the stapler to suture the tissue.
  • first or second etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements (such as a first moving part and a second moving part), these elements are not limited by these terms. Terms are simply used to distinguish one element from another.

Abstract

一种适用于吻合器（10）的闭合机构和具有其的吻合器（10）。该闭合机构包括：第一运动件（14），其第一端绕第一轴线（a1）可枢转地被支撑；第二运动件（15），其第一端与第一运动件（14）的第二端枢接；第三运动件（16），其第一端与第二运动件（15）的第二端枢接，且其第二端绕第二轴线（a2）可枢转地被支撑；以及联动件（17），沿轴向可滑动且抵靠第三运动件（16），其中伴随第一运动件（14）绕第一轴线（a1）沿第一方向由第一位置转动至第二位置，第三运动件（16）绕第二轴线（a2）沿第一方向由第三位置转动至第四位置并推动联动件（17）沿轴向朝近侧运动，从而致使吻合器（10）的工具组件（11）由张开切换至闭合。这种实现方式相对省力，从而能够提高吻合器（10）的使用体验。

Description

闭合机构及吻合器 技术领域
本公开涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种适用于吻合器的闭合机构和具有该闭合机构的吻合器。
背景技术
吻合器是临床上使用的替代传统手工缝合的设备。相较于传统手工缝合，吻合器能够提高组织缝合的速度并减轻对患者的创伤。一种吻合器包括工具组件，工具组件包括一对夹钳。手术过程中，医生需要操作吻合器来致使一对夹钳闭合，以将组织夹持在一对夹钳之间。这一操作过程较为费力。
发明内容
鉴于此，本公开提供一种较为省力的闭合机构以及具有该闭合机构的吻合器。
一方面，本公开提供一种适用于吻合器的闭合机构。该闭合机构包括：第一运动件，其第一端绕第一轴线可枢转地被支撑；第二运动件，其第一端与第一运动件的第二端枢接；第三运动件，其第一端与第二运动件的第二端枢接，且其第二端绕第二轴线可枢转地被支撑；以及联动件，沿轴向可滑动且抵靠第三运动件，其中伴随第一运动件绕第一轴线沿第一方向由第一位置转动至第二位置，第三运动件绕第二轴线沿第一方向由第三位置转动至第四位置并推动联动件沿轴向朝近侧运动，从而致使吻合器的工具组件由张开切换至闭合。
在一个可能的实现方式中，当第一运动件位于第二位置时，其与第二运动件基本共线，其中闭合机构还包括施力件，施力件对第三运动件施加致使第三运动件从第四位置返回第三位置的力。
在一个可能的实现方式中，伴随第一运动件由第一位置转动至第二位置，第一运动件经过与第二运动件共线的位置，其中闭合机构还包括施力件，施力件对第三运动件施加致使第三运动件从第四位置返回第三位置的力。
在一个可能的实现方式中，施力件沿轴向朝远侧对联动件施力。
在一个可能的实现方式中，施力件为位于联动件的远侧并迫压联动件的弹性件。
在一个可能的实现方式中，第一运动件和第二运动件中的一者设有止转部，其中在第一运动件转动至第二位置后，止转部抵靠第一运动件和第二运动件中的另一者而限制第一运动件沿第一方向继续转动
在一个可能的实现方式中，第二运动件和第三运动件中的一者设有止转部，其中在第一运动件转动至第二位置后，止转部抵靠第二运动件和第三运动件中的另一者而限制第一运动件沿第一方向继续转动。
在一个可能的实现方式中，闭合机构还包括操作件，操作件在操作下致使第一运动件沿与第一方向相反的第二方向转动至离开第二位置。
在一个可能的实现方式中，吻合器还包括致动件，致动件能够沿轴向朝远侧运动而致使工具组件击发，第一运动件和第二运动件中的一者设有延伸部，其中当第一运动件位于第二位置时，延伸部至少部分位于致动件的沿轴向朝近侧运动的路径上；伴随致动件沿轴向朝近侧运动，致动件推动延伸部，从而致使第一运动件沿与第一方向相反的第二方向转动至离开第二位置。
在一个可能的实现方式中，当第三运动件位于第三位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的远侧；当第三运动件位于第四位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的近侧。
在一个可能的实现方式中，闭合机构还包括扳机，扳机能够在操作下转动而致使第一运动件从第一位置转动至第二位置。
在一个可能的实现方式中，吻合器包括外壳，外壳限定导轨，闭合机构还包括驱动件，其中驱动件的第一端与扳机枢接且驱动件的第二端配置为被导轨引导，使得伴随扳机沿第一方向转动，驱动件的第二端推动第一运动件而使第一运动件从第一位置转动至第二位置
在一个可能的实现方式中，吻合器包括外壳，外壳限定导轨，闭合机构还包括驱动件，其中驱动件的第一端配置为被导轨引导且第二端与第一运动件枢接，使得伴随扳机沿第一方向转动，扳机推动驱动件的第一端而使驱动件带动第一运动件从第一位置转动至第二位置。
另一方面，本公开还提供一种吻合器，其包括本公开上述提供的闭合机构。
另一方面，本公开还提供一种组织缝合方法，该方法包括：提供本公开上述方面提供的吻合器；利用该吻合器进行组织缝合。
根据本公开的上述实现方式，闭合机构能够将第一运动件的转动转换为联动件的沿轴向朝远侧的滑动，从而能够致使工具组件由张开切换至闭合。采用这种闭合机构的吻合器结构相对简单，可靠性相对较高。
另外，在这种实现方式中，第三运动件能够起到杠杆的作用。具体而言，第三运动件的第一端可视为动力点，第三运动件的第二端可视为支点，第三运动件的与联动件接触的位置可视为阻力点。由此可见，这种实现方式相对省力，从而能够提高吻合器的使用体验。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的一部分实施例，而非全部实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定。
还应当理解，在附图中使用相同或对应的附图标记来表示相同或对应的要素(构件或部分)。
还应当理解，附图仅是示意性的，附图中的要素(构件或部分)的尺寸和比例不一定精确。
图1是根据本公开实施例1的吻合器的结构示意图。
图2A至图2C是示出了根据本公开实施例1的吻合器的内部构造的结构示意图，其中在图2A至图2C中吻合器处于不同状态。
图3是示出了根据本公开实施例1的第一运动件和第二运动件的结构示意图。
图4A和图4B是示出了根据本公开实施例1的致使第一运动件离开第二位置的过程的结构示意图。
图5是根据本公开实施例1的吻合器的一部分的分解示意图。
图6A和图6B是根据本公开实施例1的工具组件的结构示意图，其中在图6A和图6B中工具组件处于不同状态。
图7A至图7C是示出了根据本公开实施例2的致使第一运动件离开第四位置的过程的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本公开的实施例进行示例性地描述。应当理解，本公开的实现方式可以有多种，不应被解释为限于这里阐述的实施例，这里阐述的实施例仅是为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开。
实施例1
本公开实施例1提供一种吻合器10。吻合器10可以为腔镜吻合器。特别地，吻合器10可以为腔镜直线型切割吻合器。可以理解，在其它实施例中，根据本公开的吻合器也可以为其它类型。
参见图1，吻合器10包括工具组件11和平台组件12。在一个示例中，平台组件12可以包括细长体13。例如，细长体13可以呈管状。细长体13可以从平台组件12的主体部分向远侧延伸。工具组件11可以附接于细长体13的远端。
需要说明的是，在本公开中，术语“远”可以涉及吻合器的远离医生(或手术机器人)的一端。对应地，术语“近”可以涉及吻合器的靠近医生(或手术机器人)的一端。
工具组件11包括一对夹钳111,112。工具组件11能够在张开和闭合之间切换。当工具组件11闭合时，一对夹钳111,112能够将组织夹持于二者之间。当工具组件11张开时，一对夹钳111,112彼此分离以将组织松开。在图1中，工具组件11处于张开状态。
在一个示例中，夹钳111可以包括砧板，夹钳112可以包括用于存放吻合钉的钉仓。通过对平台组件12进行操作，能够致使工具组件11击发。当工具组件11击发时，吻合钉从钉仓中射出以实现组织的缝合。在一个更特别的示例中，工具组件11还可以包括切刀。当工具组件11击发时，切刀伸出且吻合钉射出，从而同步实现切割和缝合组织。
参见图2A至图2C，平台组件12包括闭合机构。闭合机构包括第一运动件14、第二运动件15、第三运动件16和联动件17。第一运动件14的第一端绕第一轴线a1可枢转地被支撑，第一运动件14的第二端与第二运动件15的第一端枢接。第二运动件15的第二端与第三运动件16的第一端枢接。第三运动件16的第二段绕第二轴线a2可枢转地被支撑。联动件17沿轴向可滑动且抵靠第三运动件16。在一个示例中，第一轴线a1可以与第二轴线a2相平行。
需要说明的是，轴向可以是指吻合器10的长度方向，或者轴向可以是指细长体13的延伸方向。在一个示例中，联动件17以可滑动的方式套设在细长体13上，从而实现沿轴向可滑动。
伴随第一运动件14绕第一轴线a1沿第一方向由图2A中的第一位置转动至图2B和图2C中的第二位置，第三运动件16绕第二轴线a2沿第一方向由图2A中的第三位置转动至图2B和图2C中的第四位置。在这一过程中，第三运动件16推动联动件17沿轴向朝近侧从图2A中的初始位置运动到图2B和图2C中的终止位置，从而致使工具组件11由张开切换至闭合。在该实施例中，从图2A至图2C的视图方向观察，第一方向可以是顺时针方向。
需要说明的是，在本公开中，术语“初始位置”和“终止位置”并不必然意味某个构件的行程的两个极限位置。
在这种实现方式中，闭合机构能够将第一运动件的转动转换为联动件的沿轴向朝远侧的滑动，从而能够致使工具组件由张开切换至闭合。采用这种闭合机构的吻合器结构相对简单，可靠性相对较高。
另外，在这种实现方式中，第三运动件能够起到杠杆的作用。具体而言，第三运动件的第一端可视为动力点，第三运动件的第二端可视为支点，第三运动件的与联动件抵接的位置可视为阻力点。由此可见，这种实现方式相对省力，从而能够提高吻合器的使用体验。
再次参见图2A至图2C，闭合机构还包括施力件18。施力件18用于对第三运动件16施加致使第三运动件16从第四位置返回第三位置的力。
作为一个示例，施力件18可以沿轴向朝远侧对联动件17施力。当联动件17在施力件18的作用下沿轴向朝远侧运动时，联动件17推动第三运动件16，从而致使第三运动件16绕第二轴线a2沿与第一方向相反的第二方向从返回第三位置。
作为一个更特别的示例，施力件18可以为弹性件18，其可以位于联动件17 的近侧并迫压联动件17，从而沿轴向朝远侧对联动件17施力。在某些实施例中，弹性件18可以为压簧，其可以套设于细长体13上。
可以理解，施力件的实现方式有多种，并不限于上述实现方式。例如，在另一个示例中，施力件也可以被实现为扭簧。
如图2B和图2C所示，当第一运动件14位于第二位置时，第一运动件14与第二运动件15基本共线，即第一运动件14的第一端到第二端的连线与第二运动件15的第一端到第二端的连线基本共线。
在这种实现方式中，当第一运动件位于第二位置时，其与第二运动件基本共线，这使得第三运动件不会在施力件的作用下从第四位置返回第三位置。这样，当第三运动从第三位置运动到第四位置后，第三运动件将被保持在第四位置，从而联动件将被保持在终止位置，进而工具组件将被保持在闭合状态。
另外，在这种实现方式中，当需要将工具组件由闭合切换至张开时，仅需要驱动第一运动件脱离第四位置，即驱动第一运动件沿第二方向转动至不再与第二运动件共线，然后第一运动件便会在施力件的作用下返回第一位置，从而致使工具组件由闭合切换至张开。
作为一种替代性的实现方式，在另一个示例中，也可以是，当第一运动件位于第二位置时，第一运动运动件位于经过与第二运动件共线的位置而到达的位置。也就是说，伴随第一运动件从第一位置运动到第二位置，第一运动件经过与第二运动件共线的位置。这种实现方式也同样能够达到前述实现方式的目的。
具体而言，在这种实现方式中，当第一运动件位于第二位置时，施力件施加的力会使第三运动件具有沿第二方向转动的趋势。由于此时第一运动位于经过与第二运动件共线的位置而到达的位置，第三运动件的上述运动趋势将会致使第一运动件具有沿第一方向继续转动的运动趋势。这样，第一运动件便不会在施力件的作用下从第二位置沿第二方向返回第一位置，从而便能够将工具组件保持在闭合状态。
另外，在这种实现方式中，当需要将工具组件由闭合切换至张开时，仅需要驱动第一运动件脱离第四位置，即驱动第一运动件沿第二方向转动至越过其与第二运动件共线的位置，然后第一运动件便会在施力件的作用下返回第一位置，从而致使工具组件由闭合切换至张开。
将第一运动件停在第二位置的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。
作为一个示例，参见图3，第二运动件15的第一端可以设有止转部151。当第一运动件14沿第一方向转动至第二位置后，止转部151抵靠第一运动件14，从而限制第一运动件14在到达第二位置后沿第一方向继续转动。这样，便可以将第一运动14停止在第二位置。
作为一种替代的实现方式，在某些实施例中，也可以是第一运动件的第二端设有止转部。当第一运动件沿第一方向转动至第二位置后，止转部抵靠第二运动 件，从而将第一运动停止在第二位置。
作为另一种替代性的实现方式，在某些实施例中，也可以是第二运动件的第二端设有止转部。当第一运动件沿第一方向转动至第二位置后，止转部抵靠第三运动件，从而将第一运动停止在第二位置。
作为另一种替代性的实现方式，在某些实施例中，也可以是第三运动件的第一端设有止转部。当第一运动件沿第一方向转动至第二位置后，止转部抵靠第二运动件，从而将第一运动停止在第二位置。
可以理解，在其它实施例中，也可以通过其它方式将第一运动件停止在第二位置。例如，在某些实施例中，也可以通过一个构件来阻挡第一运动件以将第一运动件停在第二位置。
致使第一运动件离开第二位置的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。
作为一个示例，参见图4A和图4B，平台组件12还可以包括操作件19。操作件19用于在操作下驱动第一运动件14沿第二方向转动至离开第二位置，即驱动第一运动件14从图4A中的与第二运动件16共线的位置沿第二方向转动至图4B中的与第二运动件15不再共线的位置。
作为一个可能的实现方式，操作件19可以被实现为凸轮19。在被操作时，凸轮19转动，进而推动第一运动件14，使得第一运动件14沿着第二方转动至离开第二位置。
需要说明的是，在第二位置为第一运动运动件经过与第二运动件共线的位置而到达的位置的实现方式中，操作件能够在操作下致使第一运动件沿第二方向转动至越过其与第二运动件共线的位置，从而致使第一运动件离开第二位置。
重新参见图2A至图2C，当第三运动件16位于第三位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的远侧。当第三运动件16位于第四位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的近侧。
这种实现方式的一个好处是，在第三运动件从第三位置转动到第四位置的转角一定的情况下，第三运动件的与联动件抵接的部份在轴向上的位移分量相对较大。这样，第三运动件仅需要转过一个较小的角度，便能够致使联动件沿轴向朝近侧走过一个较长的距离。这种实现方式有利于吻合器小型化。
致使第一运动件从第一位置运动到第二位置的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。下面，给出一种示例性的实现方式。
参见图1至图2C，平台组件12还可以包括扳机20。扳机20以绕第三轴线a3可枢转地被支撑。第一运动件14可以由扳机20驱动。
平台组件12可以包括外壳21，外壳21可以限定把手211。当扳机20被操作时，扳机20朝着把手211从初始位置运动到终止位置。当扳机21被释放后，扳机21背离把手211从终止位置返回初始位置。
伴随扳机20被操作，即伴随扳机20绕第三轴线a3沿第一方向转动从图2A 中的初始位置到图2B中的终止位置，扳机20能够驱动第一运动件14，使得第一运动件14从图2A中的第一位置运动到图2B中的第二位置。
以此方式，便能够致使第一运动件由第一位置运动到第二位置，从而致使工具组件由张开切换至闭合。
重新参见图2A至图2C，平台组件12还可以包括施力件22。施力件22对扳机20施加使扳机20从终止位置返回初始位置的力。这样，当扳机20被释放后，扳机20便能够在施力件22的作用下返回初始位置。
作为一种可能的实现方式，施力件22为拉簧，外壳21的内侧设有凸台212。施力件22的一端附接于凸台212，另一端附接于扳机20。可以理解，施力件22的实现方式并不限于此。例如，在某些实施例中，施力件22也可以为扭簧。
在被操作时，扳机可以直接地驱动第一运动件，也可以经由其它中间构件来间接地驱动第一运动件。本公开对此不做具体限定。
作为一个示例，重新参见图2A至图2C，闭合机构还可以包括驱动件23，平台组件12还可以包括导轨213。示例性地，导轨213可以形成在外壳21的内表面上。驱动件23的第一端与扳机20枢接，第二端被导轨213引导。
如图2A和图2B所示，伴随扳机20绕第三轴线a3沿第一方向从初始位置运动到终止位置，驱动件23的第二端抵靠第一运动件14并推动第一运动件14，使得第一运动件14从第一位置运动到第二位置。
如图2B和图2C所示，当扳机20被释放后，扳机20在施力件22的作用下绕第三轴线a3沿第二方向从终止位置返回到初始位置，驱动件23在扳机20的带动下与第一运动件14分离，第一运动件14被保持在第四位置。
以此方式，便能够通过操作扳机来驱动第一运动件由第一运动到第二位置。另外，在这种实现方式中，在扳机被释放后，第一运动件不会随着扳机返回初始位置而返回第一位置，因而实现了扳机和第一运动件的解耦。这为实现扳机被释放后仍将工具组件保持在闭合状态提供了基础。
作为一种替代性的实现方式，在另一个示例中，也可以是，驱动件的第二端与第一运动件枢接，驱动件的第一端被导轨引导。这样，伴随扳机绕第三轴线沿第一方向从初始位置运动到终止位置，扳机抵靠驱动件的第一端并推动驱动件的第一端，使得驱动件带动第一运动件从第一位置运动到第二位置。当扳机被释放后，扳机在施力件的作用下绕第三轴线沿第二方向从终止位置返回到初始位置，驱动件与扳机分离。以此方式，也能够实现上述目的。
在一个示例中，重新参见图2A至图2C，导轨213可以为弧形导轨。当扳机20位于初始位置时，驱动件23的第二端位于导轨213的第一端。当扳机20位于终止位置时，驱动件23的第二端位于导轨213的第二端。当第一运动件14绕第一轴线a1沿第一方向转动至越过其与第二运动件15共线的位置时，驱动件23的第二端受制于导轨213的第二端而与第一运动件14分离。
可以理解，在其它实施例中，在第一运动件由第一位置转动到第二位置过程中，驱动件的第二端也可以始终抵持第一运动件。
在一个示例中，第一运动件14可以绕第一轴线a1可枢转地被外壳21支撑。示例性地，参见图5，外壳21可以包括一对可拆卸连接的壳214,215，壳214,215中的每一者的内侧还可以设有孔216。第一运动件14的第一端的相对的两侧可以设有一对凸台141。一对凸台141分别可枢转地插设于壳214,215的孔216中，从而实现第一运动件14以能够绕第一轴线a1枢转的方式被外壳21支撑。在这种实现方式中，第一轴线a1可以由凸台141定义，或者说第一轴线a1可以为凸台141的轴线。
可以理解，支撑第一运动件的方式并不限于上述。例如，在其它实施例中，还可以存在一个中间构件，其相对外壳固定，第一运动件可以绕第一轴线可枢转地由该中间构件支撑。
作为一个示例，第三运动件16可以绕第二轴线a2可枢转地被外壳21支撑。示例性地，重新参见图5，壳214,215中的每一者的内侧还可以设有孔217，第三运动件16的第二端的相对的两侧可以设有一对凸台161。一对凸台161分别可枢转地插设于壳214,215的孔217中，从而实现第三运动件16的第二端以能够绕第二轴线a2枢转的方式被外壳21支撑。在这种实现方式中，第二轴线a2可以由凸台161定义，或者说第二轴线a2可以为凸台161的轴线。
可以理解，支撑第三运动件的方式并不限于上述。例如，在其它实施例中，还可以存在一个中间构件，其相对外壳固定，第三运动件可以绕第二轴线可枢转地由该中间构件支撑。
作为一个示例，重新参见图5，第一运动件14的还可以包括设于其第二端的一对臂部142，每个臂部142设有通孔143。第二运动件15的第一端设有通孔152。闭合机构还可以包括销轴24。第二运动件15的第一端伸入第一运动件14的一对臂部142之间，销轴24穿过一对通孔143和通孔152，从而将第一运动件14的第二端与第二运动件15的第一端枢接。
可以理解，可枢转地连接第一运动件和第二运动件的方式有多种，并不限于上述实现方式。例如，在其它实施例中，第一运动件的第二端可以设有转轴部，第二运动件的第一端可以设有与该转轴部适配的孔，该转轴部可以插设于该孔中，从而实现可枢转地连接第一运动件和第二运动件。
在一个示例中，重新参见图5，第三运动件16的还可以包括设于其第一端的一对臂部162，每个臂部162设有通孔163。第二运动件15的第二端设有通孔153。闭合机构还可以包括销轴25。第二运动件15的第二端伸入第三运动件16的一对臂部162之间，销轴25穿过一对通孔163和通孔153，从而将第二运动件15的第二端与第三运动件16的第一端枢接。
应当理解，可枢转地连接第二运动件和第三运动件的方式有多种，并不限于 上述实现方式。例如，在某些实施例中，第二运动件的第二端可以设有转轴部，第三运动件的第一端可以设有与该转轴部适配的孔，该转轴部可以插设于该孔中，从而实现可枢转地连接第二运动件和第三运动件。
在一个示例中，扳机20可以以能够绕第三轴线a3枢转的方式支撑于外壳21。示例性地，重新参见图5，壳214,215中的每一者的内侧设有孔218，扳机20的相对的两侧设有一对凸台201。扳机20至少部分置于一对壳214,215之间，并且一对凸台201分别可枢转地插设于壳214,215的孔218中，从而实现扳机20以能够绕第三轴线a3枢转的方式支撑于外壳21。在该实现方式中，第三轴线a3可以由凸台201定义，或者说，第三轴线a3可以为凸台201的轴线。
可以理解，支撑扳机的方式并不限于上述。例如，在其它实施例中，还可以存在一个中间构件，其可以相对外壳固定，扳机可以绕第三轴线可枢转地由该中间构件支撑。
在一个示例中，重新参见图5，扳机20还可以设有槽202，槽202的两个侧壁中分别设有一对孔203。驱动件23的第一端设有通孔231。闭合机构还可以包括销轴26。驱动件23的第一端插设于槽202中，销轴26穿设于通孔231以及一对孔203中，从而将驱动件23的第一端枢接于扳机20。驱动件23的第二端可以设有凸台232，凸台232可以插设于导轨213中，从而使得驱动件23的第二端由导轨213引导。
联动件致使工具组件由张开切换至闭合的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。下面给出一种可能的实现方式。
重新参见图5，闭合机构还可以控制件27。作为一个示例，控制件27可以为细长的拉片。控制件27在联动件17和工具组件11之间延伸。控制件27的近端与联动件17配合，控制件27的远端与工具组件11配合，使得伴随联动件17沿轴向朝近侧运动，控制件27沿轴向朝近侧运动，从而致使工具组件11由张开切换至闭合。
联动件与控制件配合的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。
作为一个示例，重新参见图5，控制件27的近端可以设有孔271，管状的细长体13可以设有贯通其内部与外部的一对槽131。闭合机构还可以包括设有一对孔281的环28和销29。控制件27穿设于细长体13中，环28套设于细长体13上，销穿设于孔271、一对槽131和一对孔281中。联动件17套设于环28上，且联动件17的内周侧设有肩部，该肩部位于环28的远侧并抵靠环28。当联动件17沿轴向朝近侧运动时，联动件17推动环24，使得控制件27沿轴向朝近侧运动而致使工具组件11由张开切换至闭合。
在这种实现方式中，控制件能够跟随联动件沿轴向朝远侧移动，并且控制件能够绕细长体的轴线转动，这为实现工具组件绕细长体的轴线转动提供了基础。
在一个示例中，重新参见图5，平台组件12还可以包括帽30和压簧31。帽 30设有通孔301，销29还穿过帽30的通孔301。压簧31位于帽30的近侧。伴随联动件17从初始位移运动到终止位置，控制件27向近侧移动，压簧31受压屈服。伴随联动件17从终止位置运动至初始位置，即伴随第一运动件14从第四位置运动到第三位置，控制件27在压簧31的弹性恢复力下向远侧运动，从而致使工具组件11由闭合切换为张开。
可以理解，控制件也可以通过其它方式与联动件配合。例如，在某些实施例中，控制件的近端可以直接与联动件固定连接。这样，伴随联动件从初始位置运动到终止位置，联动件能够带动控制件沿轴向朝近侧运动，从而致使闭合机构由张开切换至闭合；伴随联动件从终止位置运动到初始位置，联动件能够带动控制件沿轴向朝远侧运动，从而致使闭合机构由闭合切换至张开
控制件与工具组件配合的方式有多种，本公开对此不做具体限定。
作为一个示例，参见图6A和图6B，夹钳111和夹钳112通过销轴113可枢转地连接。夹钳111设有引导槽114，引导槽114趋向近侧而逐渐向夹钳112所在侧延伸。工具组件11还包括销115，销115附接于控制件27的远端。
伴随控制件27沿轴向朝近侧方向运动，销115也沿轴向朝近侧方向运动。这一过程中，销115与引导槽114配合，驱动夹钳111绕销轴113从图6A中的位置转动至图6B中的位置，从而致使工具组件11由张开逐渐闭合。
伴随控制件27沿轴向朝远侧方向运动，销115也沿轴向朝远侧方向运动。这一过程中，销115与引导槽114配合，驱动夹钳111绕销轴113从图6B中的位置转动至图6A中的位置，从而致使工具组件11由闭合逐渐张开。
实施例2
本公开实施例2提供的吻合器与实施例1提供吻合器在构造上相似。在下文中，将主要围绕实施例2与实施例1的差异进行说明。关于实施例2与实施1相同或对应的要素(构件或部分)，通过标注相同或对应的附图标记而省略说明。
参见图7A至图7C，本公开实施例2提供的吻合器还包括致动件32，致动件32沿轴向可滑动地被配置，并且致动件32能够沿轴向朝远侧(即图7A至图,7C中的右侧)运动而致使工具组件11击发。在一个示例中，联动件32以可滑动的方式套设在细长体13上，从而实现能够沿轴向滑动。
需要说明的是，对于致动件致使工具组件击发的方式，本公开不做具体限定，其实现方式可以参考相关技术。作为一个示例，平台组件可以包括推片(或称为控制杆)，推片的一端与致动件配合，另一端与工具组件的切刀配合，使得伴随致动件沿轴向朝远侧运动，推片朝远侧运动并驱动切刀朝远侧运动；随着切刀朝远侧运动，切刀切割组织并推动工具组件的击发块朝远侧运动，击发块在运动过程中能够将吻合钉从钉仓中推出，从而实现组织的缝合。在另一个示例中，随着推片朝远侧运动，推片可以直接推动击发块，使得击发块朝远侧运动以将吻合钉从钉仓中推出。
第一运动件14a包括延伸部144a。当第一运动件14a位于第二位置时，延伸部144a的至少部分位于致动件32的沿轴向朝近侧的运动的路径中。
在需要第一运动件14a从第二位置返回第一位置时，即在需要工具组件由闭合切换至张开时，可以沿轴向朝近侧拉动致动件32。
如图7A至图7C所示，随着致动件32沿轴向朝近侧运动，致动件32与延伸部144a抵靠并推动延伸部144a，使得第一运动件14a转动至与第二运动件15不再共线的位置，并因此第一运动件14a得以在施力件18的作用下继续转动至第三位置。
在这种实现方式中，仅需要沿轴向朝近侧拉动致动件，便能够致使第一运动件从第二位置返回第一位，进而将工具组件由闭合切换至张开。致动件既能在击发工具组件的过程中起到作用，又能用于将第一运动复位。由此可见，这种实现方式能够减少构件的数量，从而简化吻合器的结构。
本公开其它实施例还提供一种组织缝合方法。该方法可以用于缝合人或动物的组织。特别地，该方法可以用于缝合人或动物的消化道。该方法包括：提供本公开上述实施例提供的吻合器；利用该吻合器缝合组织。
应当理解，虽然术语“第一”或“第二”等可能在本公开中用来描述各种要素(如第一运动件和第二运动件)，但这些要素不被这些术语所限定，这些术语只是用来将一个要素与另一个要素区分开。
需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种闭合机构，其特征在于，适用于吻合器，所述闭合机构包括：
    第一运动件，其第一端绕第一轴线可枢转地被支撑；
    第二运动件，其第一端与所述第一运动件的第二端枢接；
    第三运动件，其第一端与所述第二运动件的第二端枢接，且其第二端绕第二轴线可枢转地被支撑；以及
    联动件，沿轴向可滑动且抵靠所述第三运动件，其中
    伴随所述第一运动件绕所述第一轴线沿第一方向由第一位置转动至第二位置，所述第三运动件绕所述第二轴线沿所述第一方向由第三位置转动至第四位置并推动所述联动件沿轴向朝近侧运动，从而致使所述吻合器的工具组件由张开切换至闭合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，当所述第一运动件位于所述第二位置时，其与所述第二运动件基本共线，其中所述闭合机构还包括施力件，所述施力件对所述第三运动件施加致使所述第三运动件从所述第四位置返回所述第三位置的力。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述闭合机构，其特征在于，伴随所述第一运动件由所述第一位置转动至所述第二位置，所述第一运动件经过与所述第二运动件共线的位置，其中所述闭合机构还包括施力件，所述施力件对所述第三运动件施加致使所述第三运动件从所述第四位置返回所述第三位置的力。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述施力件沿轴向朝远侧对所述联动件施力。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述施力件为位于所述联动件的远侧并迫压所述联动件的弹性件。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述第一运动件和所述第二运动件中的一者设有止转部，其中在所述第一运动件转动至所述第二位置后，所述止转部抵靠所述第一运动件和所述第二运动件中的另一者而限制所述第一运动件沿所述第一方向继续转动；或者
    所述第二运动件和所述第三运动件中的一者设有止转部，其中在所述第一运动件转动至所述第二位置后，所述止转部抵靠所述第二运动件和所述第三运动件中的另一者而限制所述第一运动件沿所述第一方向继续转动。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述闭合机构还包括操作件，所述操作件在操作下致使所述第一运动件沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向转动至离开所述第二位置。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任一项所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述吻合器还包括致动件，所述致动件能够沿轴向朝远侧运动而致使所述工具组件击发，所述第一运动件和所述第二运动件中的一者设有延伸部，其中
    当所述第一运动件位于所述第二位置时，所述延伸部至少部分位于所述致动件的沿轴向朝近侧运动的路径上；伴随所述致动件沿轴向朝近侧运动，所述致动件推动所述延伸部，从而致使所述第一运动件沿与所述第一方向相反的第二方向转动至离开所述第二位置。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，当所述第三运动件位于所述第三位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的远侧；当所述第三运动件位于所述第四位置时，其第一端位于其第二端的近侧。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述闭合机构还包括扳机，所述扳机能够在操作下转动而致使所述第一运动件从所述第一位置转动至所述第二位置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的闭合机构，其特征在于，所述吻合器包括外壳，所述外壳限定导轨，所述闭合机构还包括驱动件，其中
    所述驱动件的第一端与所述扳机枢接且所述驱动件的第二端配置为被所述导轨引导，使得伴随所述扳机沿所述第一方向转动，所述驱动件的第二端推动所述第一运动件而使所述第一运动件从所述第一位置转动至所述第二位置；或者
    所述驱动件的第一端配置为被所述导轨引导且所述第二端与所述第一运动件枢接，使得伴随所述扳机沿所述第一方向转动，所述扳机推动所述驱动件的第一端而使所述驱动件带动所述第一运动件从所述第一位置转动至所述第二位置。
  12. 一种吻合器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的闭合机构。
PCT/CN2023/107782 2022-07-18 2023-07-17 闭合机构及吻合器 WO2024017217A1 (zh)

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