WO2024010240A1 - 파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024010240A1 WO2024010240A1 PCT/KR2023/008234 KR2023008234W WO2024010240A1 WO 2024010240 A1 WO2024010240 A1 WO 2024010240A1 KR 2023008234 W KR2023008234 W KR 2023008234W WO 2024010240 A1 WO2024010240 A1 WO 2024010240A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
- H10W40/40—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control involving heat exchange by flowing fluids
- H10W40/47—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control involving heat exchange by flowing fluids by flowing liquids, e.g. forced water cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
- H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
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- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W70/05—Manufacture or treatment of insulating or insulated package substrates, or of interposers, or of redistribution layers
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- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W70/05—Manufacture or treatment of insulating or insulated package substrates, or of interposers, or of redistribution layers
- H10W70/093—Connecting or disconnecting other interconnections thereto or therefrom, e.g. connecting bond wires or bumps
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- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/611—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers for connecting multiple chips together
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/62—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their interconnections
- H10W70/65—Shapes or dispositions of interconnections
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/62—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their interconnections
- H10W70/65—Shapes or dispositions of interconnections
- H10W70/658—Shapes or dispositions of interconnections for devices provided for in groups H10D8/00 - H10D48/00
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/67—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their insulating layers or insulating parts
- H10W70/69—Insulating materials thereof
- H10W70/692—Ceramics or glasses
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W90/00—Package configurations
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W90/00—Package configurations
- H10W90/401—Package configurations characterised by multiple insulating or insulated package substrates, interposers or RDLs
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W90/00—Package configurations
- H10W90/701—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power module and a method of manufacturing the same, and more specifically, to a power module configured to enable effective heat dissipation by disposing a flow path between the upper and lower ceramic substrates, and to a method of manufacturing the same.
- electric vehicles require an inverter that converts direct current voltage provided by a high-voltage battery into alternating current three-phase voltage to drive the motor.
- This inverter is assembled with a power module to adjust and supply the high voltage of the driving battery to a state suitable for the motor.
- the power module includes semiconductor chips for power conversion, and these semiconductor chips generate high temperature heat due to high voltage and high current operation. If this heat continues, the semiconductor chip deteriorates and the performance of the power module deteriorates.
- a heat sink is provided on at least one side of the ceramic or metal substrate to prevent deterioration of the semiconductor chip due to heat through the heat dissipation function of the heat sink.
- Heat sinks are made of metal to dissipate heat, but heat sinks made of these metals also have limits to heat dissipation, so when heat exceeding the limit is generated, cooling efficiency drops rapidly, causing malfunctions.
- bonding characteristics are deteriorated due to warping due to heat.
- the present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
- the present invention is a power module that maximizes the heat dissipation effect and enables miniaturization and weight reduction by arranging a flow path with a water-cooled direct cooling structure between the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate.
- the purpose is to provide and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the power module according to an embodiment of the present invention to achieve the above-described object is located between the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate, and the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate, and is provided with a plurality of flow channels through which the liquid refrigerant passes.
- the flow path portion may be formed of a metal material.
- Each of the plurality of flow channels may penetrate the interior of the flow path portion and extend in the longitudinal direction from one end surface of the flow path portion to the other end surface.
- Each of the plurality of flow channels may be formed by penetrating in a direction parallel to the upper surface of the lower ceramic substrate.
- Multiple flow channels may be arranged on the same line and spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
- Each of the plurality of flow channels may be bent and extended in a zigzag shape.
- Each of the plurality of flow channels may have a constant cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction in which the liquid refrigerant flows.
- the upper ceramic substrate may be provided with a metal layer on one side and the other side of the upper ceramic substrate
- the lower ceramic substrate may be provided with a metal layer on one side and the other side of the lower ceramic substrate.
- the upper ceramic substrate may include a first metal layer and a second metal layer provided on one side of the upper ceramic substrate, spaced apart from each other, and provided in a circuit pattern shape, and a third metal layer formed over the entire other side of the upper ceramic substrate. there is.
- the lower ceramic substrate may include a first metal layer and a second metal layer provided on one side of the lower ceramic substrate, spaced apart from each other, and provided in a circuit pattern shape, and a third metal layer formed over the entire other side of the lower ceramic substrate. there is.
- the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate may be arranged so that the third metal layers face each other with the flow path portion interposed therebetween.
- the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate may be disposed in a position where the first metal layers face each other vertically.
- the first metal layer may be configured to mount a power semiconductor chip
- the second metal layer may be configured to mount a drive IC chip.
- the first metal layer may be thicker than the second metal layer.
- the power module manufacturing method includes preparing an upper ceramic substrate, preparing a lower ceramic substrate, preparing a flow path portion with a plurality of flow channels through which liquid refrigerant passes, and the upper surface of the flow path portion. It includes the step of bonding an upper ceramic substrate to the flow path portion and bonding a lower ceramic substrate to the lower surface of the flow path portion, and in the step of preparing the flow path portion, the flow path portion may be formed of a metal material.
- each of the plurality of flow channel channels may penetrate the interior of the flow path portion and extend in the longitudinal direction from one end surface of the flow path portion to the other end surface.
- the upper ceramic substrate is provided on one side of the upper ceramic substrate, spaced apart from each other, and the first and second metal layers provided in a circuit pattern shape and the entire other side of the upper ceramic substrate. It may include a third metal layer formed over the surface.
- the lower ceramic substrate is provided on one side of the lower ceramic substrate, spaced apart from each other, and the first and second metal layers provided in a circuit pattern shape and the entire other side of the lower ceramic substrate. It may include a third metal layer formed over the surface.
- the step of bonding the upper ceramic substrate to the upper surface of the flow path portion and the lower ceramic substrate to the lower surface of the flow path portion involves bonding the upper ceramic substrate to the lower surface of the flow path portion through a bonding layer disposed between the upper ceramic substrate and the upper surface of the flow path portion and between the lower surface of the flow path portion and the lower ceramic substrate.
- the ceramic substrate, the flow path portion, and the lower ceramic substrate are bonded, and the bonding layer may be formed of a material containing at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi, or may be formed of Ag sintering paste.
- the present invention has a structure in which a flow path portion provided with a plurality of flow channels through which liquid refrigerant passes is disposed between the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate, so that the upper ceramic substrate and the lower ceramic substrate can be cooled simultaneously through the flow path portion, thereby providing heat to each substrate. There is no need to install a separate heat sink, which allows for miniaturization and weight reduction, as well as cost savings.
- the present invention can quickly cool the heat of the power semiconductor chip and drive IC chip mounted on the upper and lower ceramic substrates through the liquid refrigerant passing through the plurality of flow channels provided in the flow portion.
- the present invention can further improve heat dissipation performance because the flow path portion is made of aluminum or copper with high thermal conductivity.
- the present invention is a water-cooled direct cooling structure in which a liquid refrigerant continuously circulates and releases heat to the outside, so heat can be released effectively and the performance of the power module can be improved by suppressing the temperature rise of the upper and lower ceramic substrates. You can.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the power module shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the opposite direction.
- Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a front view showing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a side view schematically showing a state in which a power semiconductor chip and a drive IC chip are mounted on a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of a portion of the cross section of the passage portion taken along line A-A' in FIG. 4.
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing a modified example of the flow path portion.
- Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a configuration in which a connection part is mounted on a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a circulation drive unit is connected to the connection part.
- Figure 9 is a flowchart showing a power module manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- each layer (film), region, pattern or structure is said to be formed “on” or “under” the substrate, each layer (film), region, pad or pattern.
- “on” and “under” include both being formed “directly” or “indirectly” through another layer.
- the standards for the top or bottom of each floor are based on the drawing.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the power module shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the opposite direction
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the power module shown in FIG. It is a front view showing a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a side view schematically showing a state in which a power semiconductor chip and a drive IC chip are mounted on the power module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power module 1 may be configured to include an upper ceramic substrate 100, a lower ceramic substrate 200, and a flow path portion 300. .
- the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be any one of an AMB (Active Metal Brazing) substrate, a DBC (Direct Bonding Coppe) substrate, a TPC (Tick Printing Copper) substrate, and a DBA substrate, and may be durable and heat dissipating. In terms of efficiency, an AMB board or BDC board is most suitable.
- the upper ceramic substrate 100 may include an upper ceramic substrate 101 and metal layers 110, 120, and 130 provided on one side and the other surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101.
- the lower ceramic substrate 200 is located on the lower side of the upper ceramic substrate 100 and may be composed of a lower ceramic substrate 201 and metal layers 210, 220, and 230 provided on one side and the other side of the lower ceramic substrate 201. there is.
- the metal layers 110, 120, and 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 can be formed by brazing a metal foil to one side and the other side of the upper ceramic substrate 101 and then etching or machining the metal foil into a designed shape.
- the upper ceramic substrate 101 may be made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), AlN, SiN, or Si 3 N 4 .
- the thickness of the upper ceramic substrate 101 is 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm.
- the thickness of the upper ceramic substrate 101 may be 0.32 mm or 0.38 mm.
- the first metal layer 110 and the second metal layer 120 are provided on one surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101 and may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other.
- the first metal layer 110 and the second metal layer 120 may be provided in a circuit pattern shape. Additionally, the area of the first metal layer 110 may be formed to be larger than the area of the second metal layer 120.
- the third metal layer 130 may be provided on the other surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101.
- the first metal layer 110 and the third metal layer 130 may be made of Cu, Cu alloy (CuMo, etc.), or Al.
- the second metal layer 120 may be made of one of Ag, Au, Pt, Cu, Ag alloy, and Carbon Black, as an example.
- the third metal layer 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 may be bonded to the flow path portion 300 through a bonding layer (not shown).
- the bonding layer may be disposed between the third metal layer 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the upper surface of the flow path portion 300.
- the thickness of the bonding layer may be thin enough not to affect the height of the power module.
- the thickness of the bonding layer may be 0.3 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the bonding layer may be a brazing bonding layer or a sintered Ag bonding layer made of a material containing at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the brazing bonding layer may be formed by any one of plating, paste application, and foil attachment. Brazing joining can be performed for 1 to 2 hours at a temperature of 900°C or higher.
- the Ag sintered bonding layer may be formed by applying Ag sintering paste, or may be formed by transferring the Ag sintering paste using a film on which Ag sintering paste is printed.
- Ag sintering bonding may be performed at a temperature of 200°C to 250°C for 15 to 30 minutes, and at this time, a pressure of 10 MPa to 15 MPa may be applied.
- Ag, AgCu, and AgCuTi have high thermal conductivity, which increases bonding strength and at the same time facilitates heat transfer between the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the flow path portion 300, thereby increasing heat dissipation efficiency.
- the third metal layer 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 may be in the form of a flat plate and may be formed over the entire other surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101 to facilitate heat exchange with the flow path portion 300. You can. One side of the third metal layer 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 may face the first metal layer 110, and the other side may face the second metal layer 120.
- the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be provided with metal layers 210, 220, and 230 on one side and the other side of the lower ceramic substrate 201.
- the metal layers 210, 220, and 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 can be formed by brazing a metal foil to one side and the other side of the lower ceramic substrate 201 and then etching or machining the metal foil into a designed shape.
- the lower ceramic substrate 201 may be made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), AlN, SiN, or Si 3 N 4 .
- the thickness of the lower ceramic substrate 201 is 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm.
- the thickness of the lower ceramic substrate 201 may be 0.32 mm or 0.38 mm.
- the first metal layer 210 and the second metal layer 220 are provided on one surface of the lower ceramic substrate 201 and may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other.
- the first metal layer 210 and the second metal layer 220 may be provided in a circuit pattern shape. Additionally, the area of the first metal layer 210 may be formed to be larger than the area of the second metal layer 220.
- the third metal layer 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be provided on the other surface of the lower ceramic substrate 201.
- the first metal layer 210 and the third metal layer 230 may be made of Cu, Cu alloy (CuMo, etc.), or Al.
- the second metal layer 220 may be made of one of Ag, Au, Pt, Cu, Ag alloy, and Carbon Black, as an example.
- the third metal layer 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be bonded to the flow path portion 300 through a bonding layer (not shown).
- the bonding layer may be disposed between the lower surface of the flow path portion 300 and the third metal layer 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200.
- the thickness of the bonding layer may be thin enough not to affect the height of the power module.
- the thickness of the bonding layer may be 0.3 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the bonding layer may be a brazing bonding layer or a sintered Ag bonding layer made of a material containing at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the brazing bonding layer may be formed by any one of plating, paste application, and foil attachment. Brazing joining can be performed for 1 to 2 hours at a temperature of 900°C or higher.
- the Ag sintered bonding layer may be formed by applying Ag sintering paste, or may be formed by transferring the Ag sintering paste using a film on which Ag sintering paste is printed.
- Ag sintering bonding may be performed at a temperature of 200°C to 250°C for 15 to 30 minutes, and at this time, a pressure of 10 MPa to 15 MPa may be applied.
- Ag, AgCu, and AgCuTi have high thermal conductivity, which increases bonding strength and at the same time facilitates heat transfer between the lower ceramic substrate 200 and the flow path portion 300 to increase heat dissipation efficiency.
- the third metal layer 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be in the same flat shape as the third metal layer 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 shown in FIG. 3, and may have a flow path portion. It may be formed over the entire other surface of the lower ceramic base 201 to facilitate heat exchange with 300.
- the third metal layer 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 may have one side facing the first metal layer 210 and the other side facing the second metal layer 220.
- the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be arranged such that the third metal layers 130 and 230 respectively face each other with the flow path portion 300 interposed therebetween. Additionally, referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 may be disposed in a position where the first metal layers 110 and 210 face each other vertically.
- the first metal layers 110 and 210 may be configured to mount the power semiconductor chip c1.
- the first metal layers 110 and 210 are SiC and GaN-based power semiconductor chips (c1) that can respond to requirements such as high breakdown voltage, high current, high temperature operation, use in a high frequency environment, high-speed switching, minimized power loss, and small chip size. ) can be implemented.
- the first metal layers 110 and 210 include Si chips, MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), JFET (Junction Field Effect Transistor), HEMT (High Electric Mobility Transistor), Various devices such as diodes can be mounted. These first metal layers 110 and 210 may have a plurality of electrodes arranged in a predetermined pattern.
- the second metal layers 120 and 220 may be configured to mount the drive IC chip c2.
- the second metal layers 120 and 220 may be equipped with SOI (Silicon On Insulator)-based driving, electrical, and electronic control elements.
- the first metal layer 110 and 210 is a portion where the power semiconductor chip c1 is mounted and a large current flows, and the second metal layer 120 and 220 are the drive IC chips. (c2) is a part configured to be mounted and through which a small current flows. Accordingly, the thickness of the first metal layers 110 and 210 may be thicker than the thickness of the second metal layers 120 and 220.
- the first metal layers 110 and 210 may have a thickness of about 0.3 mm
- the second metal layers 120 and 220 may have a thickness of about 20 ⁇ m, but the thickness is not limited thereto.
- each of the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 is a ceramic substrate with a dual electrode structure on which two chips, a power semiconductor chip (c1) and a drive IC chip (c2), are mounted. You can.
- a ceramic substrate with such a double electrode structure has the advantage of being able to reduce the size and weight compared to the case where the drive IC module and the power module are provided separately.
- the power module 1 has a flow path portion 300 provided with a plurality of flow channels 310 through which liquid refrigerant passes, disposed between the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200. Because of its structured structure, heat dissipation efficiency can be maximized. That is, conventionally, a heat sink for dissipating heat from the upper ceramic substrate 100 and a heat sink for dissipating heat from the lower ceramic substrate 200 had to be separately provided, but the power module 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has one flow path. Since the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 can be cooled at the same time through the unit 300, there is no need to place a separate heat sink on each substrate, making it possible to miniaturize and lightweight, and reduce costs.
- the power module 1 operates on the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 through the liquid refrigerant passing through the plurality of flow channels 310 provided in the flow path portion 300.
- the heat of the power semiconductor chip and drive IC chip mounted on the device can be quickly cooled.
- the flow path portion 300 may be formed of a metal material.
- the flow path portion 300 may be formed of aluminum or copper that can quickly transfer heat.
- heat dissipation performance can be further improved.
- the thickness of the flow path portion 300 may vary depending on the design of the flow channel 310, but is preferably formed to be 2 mm or more.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of a cross-section of the flow path portion taken along line A-A' in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a view showing a modified example of the flow path portion.
- each of the plurality of flow channels 310 penetrates the interior of the flow path portion 300 and extends in the longitudinal direction from one end surface 320 to the other end surface 330 of the flow path portion 300. You can.
- a plurality of flow channels 310 may be arranged on the same line and spaced apart by a predetermined distance. Each of the plurality of flow channels 310 may be formed to penetrate the upper surface of the lower ceramic substrate 200 in a horizontal direction. Additionally, each of the plurality of flow channels 310 may have a constant cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction in which the liquid refrigerant flows. According to the structure of the flow channel 310, the shape of the flow channel 310 is constant depending on the direction in which the liquid refrigerant flows, so the flow channel 310 becomes narrow in a specific section, causing the flow channel 310 to become blocked. You can lower the probability.
- each of the plurality of flow channels 310 is circular and the flow channels are extended in a straight line.
- the shape, number, and arrangement spacing of the flow channels 310 are not limited to this.
- the cross-section of the flow channel 310 may be formed in a square or polygonal shape, and the number of flow channels 310 may be variously formed, such as 3 or 10.
- the spacing between the plurality of flow channels 310 may be designed differently depending on the number of flow channels.
- the shape of the flow path portion 300 may be implemented through machining, mold processing, die casting processing, etc.
- FIG. 7 shows a modified example of the flow path portion 300', where each of the plurality of flow channels 310' provided in the flow path portion 300' includes a first part 311' of a concave shape and a second part of the convex shape.
- the two parts 312' may be arranged alternately to have a zigzag shape. That is, each of the plurality of flow channels 310' may be bent in a zigzag shape and extend in the longitudinal direction from one end surface 320' of the flow channel portion 300 to the other end surface 330'. As such, when the flow channel 310' is bent and extended in a zigzag shape, the liquid refrigerant flows at a different speed than the flow channel 310 extended in a straight line in FIG. 6.
- the shape of the flow channel 310' extending in the longitudinal direction of the flow path portion 300' is changed, the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant changes, so the shape of the flow channel can be designed so that the refrigerant can flow at a desired flow rate. there is.
- Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a configuration in which a connection part is mounted on a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a circulation drive unit is connected to the connection part.
- each of the plurality of flow channels 310 may have connection portions 10 installed at both ends for the inflow and outflow of liquid refrigerant.
- the connection portion 10 may be installed on both end surfaces 320 and 330 in the longitudinal direction of the flow path portion 300.
- the connection portion 10 may be provided with an inlet 11 communicating with one end in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel 310 and an outlet 12 communicating with the other end in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel.
- the flow path portion 300 may be installed so that the rest of the flow path portion 300 is sealed except for the portion through which the liquid refrigerant flows in and out. That is, the liquid refrigerant only flows in and out through the flow path portion 300 and does not flow into the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200.
- the circulation drive unit 20 is connected to the inlet 11 and the outlet 12, and can circulate liquid refrigerant using the driving force of a pump (not shown).
- the inlet 11 may be connected to the circulation driver 20 through the first circulation line L1
- the outlet 12 may be connected to the circulation driver 20 through the second circulation line L2. That is, the circulation drive unit 20 continuously supplies liquid refrigerant along a circulation path including the first circulation line (L1), the inlet 11, the flow channel 310, the outlet 12, and the second circulation line (L2). It can be circulated.
- the liquid refrigerant may be deionized water, but is not limited thereto, and liquid nitrogen, alcohol, or other solvents may be used as needed.
- the liquid refrigerant supplied from the circulation drive unit 20 flows into the inlet 11 through the first circulation line (L1) and flows through the inlet 11.
- the liquid refrigerant flowing into the channel 310 moves along the plurality of flow channels 310 and is discharged through the outlet 12, and can then move back to the circulation drive unit 20 through the second circulation line (L2).
- the liquid refrigerant may pass through a heat exchanger (not shown) while circulating along the circulation path. At this time, the heat exchanger can lower the temperature of the liquid refrigerant whose temperature increases as it passes through the flow channel 310.
- the liquid refrigerant cooled in the heat exchanger may be supplied back to the first circulation line (L1) by the circulation drive unit 20 and may flow into the plurality of flow channels 310 through the inlet 11.
- the liquid refrigerant can cool the heat transferred from the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 while passing through the plurality of flow channels 310 and can be discharged through the outlet 12.
- the plurality of flow channels 310 are a water-cooled direct cooling structure in which the liquid refrigerant supplied from the circulation drive unit 20 continuously circulates and releases heat to the outside. Due to this cooling structure, heat generated by the power semiconductor chip, drive IC chip, etc. mounted on the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 can be effectively dissipated, and the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate ( 200) The performance of the power module can be improved by suppressing the temperature rise.
- the power module 1 uses one flow path portion 300 to simultaneously heat the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200 bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the flow path portion 300. It can dissipate heat. Therefore, there is no need to provide separate heat sinks for dissipating heat from the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the lower ceramic substrate 200, and rapid cooling is possible through a single flow path portion 300, thereby reducing costs. However, it has the advantage of being miniaturized.
- Figure 9 is a flowchart showing a power module manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power module manufacturing method includes preparing an upper ceramic substrate 100 (S10), preparing a lower ceramic substrate 200 (S20), Step (S30) of preparing a flow path portion 300 provided with a plurality of flow channels 310 through which liquid refrigerant passes, bonding the upper ceramic substrate 100 to the upper surface of the flow path portion 300, and forming the flow path portion ( It may include bonding the lower ceramic substrate 200 to the lower surface of 300 (S40).
- each step may be performed sequentially, may be performed in a different order, or may be performed substantially simultaneously.
- the upper ceramic substrate 100 includes an upper ceramic substrate 101 and an upper ceramic substrate to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of heat generated from the power semiconductor chip and the drive IC chip.
- Metal layers 110, 120, and 130 may be provided on one side and the other side of (101).
- the metal layers 110, 120, and 130 of the upper ceramic substrate 100 can be formed by brazing a metal foil to one side and the other side of the upper ceramic substrate 101 and then etching or machining the metal foil into a designed shape.
- the first metal layer 110 and the second metal layer 120 are provided on one surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101 and may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other.
- the first metal layer 110 and the second metal layer 120 may be provided in a circuit pattern shape.
- the third metal layer 130 may be provided on the other surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101.
- the third metal layer 130 may be formed over the entire other surface of the upper ceramic substrate 101 to facilitate heat exchange with the flow path portion 300.
- the lower ceramic substrate 200 includes a lower ceramic substrate 201 and a lower ceramic substrate to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of heat generated from the power semiconductor chip and the drive IC chip.
- Metal layers 210, 220, and 230 may be provided on one side and the other side of (201).
- the metal layers 210, 220, and 230 of the lower ceramic substrate 200 can be formed by brazing a metal foil to one side and the other side of the lower ceramic substrate 201 and then etching or machining the metal foil into a designed shape.
- the first metal layer 210 and the second metal layer 220 are provided on one side of the lower ceramic substrate 201 and may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other.
- the first metal layer 210 and the second metal layer 220 may be provided in a circuit pattern shape.
- the third metal layer 230 may be provided on the other surface of the lower ceramic substrate 201.
- the third metal layer 230 may be formed over the entire other surface of the lower ceramic substrate 201 to facilitate heat exchange with the flow path portion 300.
- the flow path portion 300 may be formed of aluminum or copper that can quickly transfer heat.
- the flow path portion 300 may be provided with a plurality of flow channels 310 through which liquid refrigerant passes.
- Each of the plurality of flow channels 310 may extend longitudinally through the interior of the flow path portion 300 from one end surface 320 to the other end surface 330 of the flow path portion 300.
- the shape, number, and arrangement spacing of the plurality of flow channels 310 are not limited to the embodiment of the present invention, and may be formed in various ways depending on the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant, cooling efficiency, etc.
- the shape of the flow path portion 300 may be implemented through machining, mold processing, die casting processing, etc.
- the step (S40) of bonding the upper ceramic substrate 100 to the upper surface of the flow path portion 300 and bonding the lower ceramic substrate 200 to the lower surface of the flow path portion 300 involves bonding the upper ceramic substrate 100 and the flow path portion.
- the upper ceramic substrate 100, the flow path portion 300, and the lower ceramic substrate are formed through a bonding layer (not shown) disposed between the upper surface of the channel portion 300 and the lower ceramic substrate 200. (200) can be joined.
- the bonding layer may be a brazing bonding layer or a sintered Ag bonding layer made of a material containing at least one of Ag, Cu, AgCu, and AgCuTi.
- the brazing bonding layer can be formed by any one of plating, paste application, and foil attachment. Brazing joining can be performed for 1 to 2 hours at a temperature of 900°C or higher.
- the bonding layer is a Ag sintered bonding layer
- the Ag sintered bonding layer can be formed by applying Ag sintering paste, or by transferring the Ag sintering paste using a film printed with Ag sintering paste.
- Ag sintering bonding can be performed at a temperature of 200°C to 250°C for 15 to 30 minutes, and at this time, a pressure of 10 MPa to 15 MPa may be applied.
- Ag, AgCu, and AgCuTi have high thermal conductivity, which increases bonding strength and at the same time facilitates heat transfer and increases heat dissipation efficiency.
- the power module according to an embodiment of the present invention is one in which the upper and lower ceramic substrates 100 and 200 are integrated on the upper and lower surfaces of the flow path portion 300, and the power semiconductor is mounted on the upper and lower ceramic substrates 100 and 200. Because it has a structure that can directly cool the heat generated from the chip and drive IC chip, it can achieve weight reduction and miniaturization while improving heat dissipation performance.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 상부 세라믹기판과 하부 세라믹기판; 및상기 상부 세라믹기판 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판 사이에 위치하고, 액체형 냉매가 통과하는 다수의 유로 채널이 구비된 유로부를 포함하고,상기 유로부는 금속 재료로 형성된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 유로 채널 각각은 상기 유로부의 내부를 관통하여 상기 유로부의 일단부면부터 타단부면까지 길이 방향으로 연장된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 유로 채널 각각은 상기 하부 세라믹기판의 상면과 수평한 방향으로 관통되어 형성된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 유로 채널은 동일한 선상에 소정의 간격만큼 이격되어 배치된 파워모듈.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 다수의 유로 채널 각각은 지그재그 형태로 굴곡되어 연장된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다수의 유로 채널 각각은 상기 액체형 냉매가 흐르는 방향에 대하여 수직한 단면의 형상이 일정하게 형성된 파워모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판은 상부 세라믹기재의 일면 및 타면에 금속층이 구비되고,상기 하부 세라믹기판은 하부 세라믹기재의 일면 및 타면에 금속층이 구비된 파워모듈.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판은,상기 상부 세라믹기재의 일면에 구비되고, 서로 이격되게 배치되며, 회로 패턴 형상으로 구비된 제1 금속층 및 제2 금속층; 및상기 상부 세라믹기재의 타면 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 제3 금속층을 포함하는 파워모듈.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 하부 세라믹기판은,상기 하부 세라믹기재의 일면에 구비되고, 서로 이격되게 배치되며, 회로 패턴 형상으로 구비된 제1 금속층 및 제2 금속층; 및상기 하부 세라믹기재의 타면 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 제3 금속층을 포함하는 파워모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판은,각각의 제3 금속층이 상기 유로부를 사이에 두고 서로 마주하도록 배치된 파워모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판은,각각의 제1 금속층이 상하로 서로 마주보는 위치에 배치된 파워모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판 각각에서,상기 제1 금속층은 전력 반도체 칩이 실장되도록 구성되고,상기 제2 금속층은 드라이브 IC 칩이 실장되도록 구성된 파워모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판 각각에서,상기 제1 금속층의 두께는 상기 제2 금속층의 두께보다 두꺼운 파워모듈.
- 상부 세라믹기판을 준비하는 단계;하부 세라믹기판을 준비하는 단계;액체형 냉매가 통과하는 다수의 유로 채널이 구비된 유로부를 준비하는 단계; 및상기 유로부의 상면에 상기 상부 세라믹기판을 접합하고, 상기 유로부의 하면에 상기 하부 세라믹기판을 접합하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 유로부를 준비하는 단계에서,상기 유로부는 금속 재료로 형성된 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 유로부를 준비하는 단계에서,상기 다수의 유로 채널 각각은 상기 유로부의 내부를 관통하여 상기 유로부의 일단부면부터 타단부면까지 길이 방향으로 연장된 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 상부 세라믹기판을 준비하는 단계에서,상기 상부 세라믹기판은,상부 세라믹기재의 일면에 구비되고, 서로 이격되게 배치되며, 회로 패턴 형상으로 구비된 제1 금속층 및 제2 금속층; 및상기 상부 세라믹기재의 타면 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 제3 금속층을 포함하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 하부 세라믹기판을 준비하는 단계에서,상기 하부 세라믹기판은,하부 세라믹기재의 일면에 구비되고, 서로 이격되게 배치되며, 회로 패턴 형상으로 구비된 제1 금속층 및 제2 금속층; 및상기 하부 세라믹기재의 타면 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 제3 금속층을 포함하는 파워모듈 제조방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 유로부의 상면에 상기 상부 세라믹기판을 접합하고, 상기 유로부의 하면에 상기 하부 세라믹기판을 접합하는 단계는,상기 상부 세라믹기판과 상기 유로부의 상면 사이, 상기 유로부의 하면과 상기 하부 세라믹기판 사이에 배치된 접합층을 매개로 상기 상부 세라믹기판, 상기 유로부 및 상기 하부 세라믹기판을 접합하고,상기 접합층은 Ag, Cu, AgCu 및 AgCuTi 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 재료로 형성되거나, Ag 소결 페이스트로 형성된 파워모듈 제조방법.
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|---|---|---|---|
| US18/880,991 US20260005102A1 (en) | 2022-07-04 | 2023-06-15 | Power module and method for manufacturing same |
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| KR1020220081633A KR102799465B1 (ko) | 2022-07-04 | 2022-07-04 | 파워모듈 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR10-2022-0081633 | 2022-07-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008027935A (ja) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-02-07 | Hitachi Ltd | パワー半導体装置 |
| KR20130029267A (ko) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-22 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력 모듈 패키지 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20130059147A (ko) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-06-05 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력 모듈 패키지 |
| KR101692490B1 (ko) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 주식회사 세미파워렉스 | 액체냉각구조를 갖는 전력반도체 모듈 |
| KR20210073328A (ko) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-18 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 양면 냉각 파워 모듈 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| KR102041645B1 (ko) | 2014-01-28 | 2019-11-07 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력반도체 모듈 |
| JP2020141056A (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
| KR102934340B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-05 | 2026-03-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 솔더링 구조 및 이를 갖는 파워 모듈 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008027935A (ja) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-02-07 | Hitachi Ltd | パワー半導体装置 |
| KR20130029267A (ko) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-22 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력 모듈 패키지 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20130059147A (ko) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-06-05 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전력 모듈 패키지 |
| KR101692490B1 (ko) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 주식회사 세미파워렉스 | 액체냉각구조를 갖는 전력반도체 모듈 |
| KR20210073328A (ko) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-18 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 양면 냉각 파워 모듈 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR102799465B1 (ko) | 2025-04-25 |
| US20260005102A1 (en) | 2026-01-01 |
| KR20240003855A (ko) | 2024-01-11 |
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